Field, anatomical and development studies on southern Australian species of Ulva (Ulvaceae, Chlorophyta)

1988 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
pp. 411 ◽  
Author(s):  
JA Phillips
Keyword(s):  
Cell Shape ◽  
Transverse Section ◽  
Distinct Species ◽  
Basal Region ◽  
Ulva Rigida ◽  
The West ◽  
Australian Species ◽  
Ulva Australis ◽  
The Status ◽  
Anatomical Characters

Populations of Ulva growing in southern Australia were examined to ascertain the taxonomic value of the range of morphological and anatomical characteristics. Cell shape and chlorplast position, as seen in transverse section of the basal region of the thallus, proved to be non-viable characters which separate the species from each other. In culture, the morphology of mature plant is constant and characteristic for each species and thus confirms the validity of the species as defined by anatomical differences. Five species of Ulva (Ulva fasciata Delile, Ulva lactuca L., Ulva laetevirens Areschoug, Ulva rigida C. Agardh, Ulva stenophylla Setchell et Gardner) occur in southern Australia. Ulva rigida C. Agardh and Ulva rigida sensu Bliding, through morphological similarities, are distinct species and the latter is referred to as U. laetevirens. The two species show marked differences in diagnostic anatomical characters and in the pattern of development in culture. Two taxa, Ulva australis Areschoug and Ulva spathulata Papenfuss, are included within U. rigida. Records of Ulva latissma L. in this geographical region probably refer to the broadly expanded morphological forms of U. rigida and U. laetevirens. The status of Phycoseris ulva Sonder, described from the West Australian specimens, is unresolved.

A review of the Glossogobius giuris complex in Australia, with wider discussion on nomenclature and possible synonymies

Zootaxa ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 4974 (1) ◽  
pp. 79-115
Author(s):  
DOUGLASS F. HOESE ◽  
MICHAEL P. HAMMER
Keyword(s):  
Western Australia ◽  
Species Complex ◽  
East Coast ◽  
Northern Territory ◽  
The West ◽  
Australian Species ◽  
Complex Information ◽  
The Status ◽  
Colour Patterns ◽  
Glossogobius Giuris

Two species that had previously been referred to as Glossogobius giuris from Australia are redescribed and tentatively treated as Glossogobius giuris and Glossogobius laticeps. The two species are largely allopatric in Australia with G. laticeps found on the east coast of Queensland and some rivers of the Northern Territory, while G. giuris is distributed from the Northern Territory to rivers of the west coast of Western Australia. The two species are known to be genetically distinct and with some differences in colour patterns. Morphological features separating the species are minor and there is considerable overlap in many of the characters separating them. High variation in the Hammersley Ranges and Kimberley region of Western Australia further complicates separation of the species. The status of the Glossogobius giuris group from India is discussed as a key area to resolving an overall “giuris” species complex. Information is provided on the current identity of a number of species that had previously been considered synonyms of Glossogobius giuris. Extant types and difficulties assigning the types of known species are also discussed. A key is provided to aid identification of Australian species of Glossogobius. 

Phylogeny reconstruction of Callitris Vent. (Cupressaceae) and its allies leads to inclusion of Actinostrobus within Callitris

2010 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 69 ◽  
Author(s):  
Josephine Piggin ◽  
Jeremy J. Bruhl
Keyword(s):  
Southern Hemisphere ◽  
Dna Sequence ◽  
Sequence Data ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Phylogeny Reconstruction ◽  
Dna Sequence Data ◽  
Australian Species ◽  
The Status ◽  
Anatomical Characters

Relationships between Callitris, Actinostrobus and Neocallitropsis, members of the southern hemisphere ‘callitroid clade’ (Callitroideae sensu Gadek et al. 2000) of Cupressaceae, are estimated using a database of 42 morphological and anatomical characters. Callitris is paraphyletic, with Actinostrobus being closer to a large well supported clade of 15 Australian species of Callitris than are C. baileyi, C. macleayana and the New Caledonian taxa. The New Caledonian unispecific endemic, Neocallitropsis, is sister to the clade comprising all Callitris and Actinostrobus species. There are marked differences between this estimate of the phylogeny and two recent estimates based on nuclear encoded DNA sequence data and non-molecular data, respectively, but some simlarities to the molecular estimate are highlighted and lead us here to formally include Actinostrobus within Callitris. Further molecular data are needed to test these results and explore the cause of the conflict between these estimates of the phylogeny within the group, and the status of Neocallitropsis.

A revision of the west Palaearctic pear psyllids (Hemiptera: Psyllidae)

1986 ◽  
Vol 76 (1) ◽  
pp. 119-132 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Burckhardt ◽  
I. D. Hodkinson
Keyword(s):  
Host Plants ◽  
Distinct Species ◽  
The West ◽  
Nomen Dubium ◽  
The Status

AbstractThe status and taxonomy of the west Palaearctic Pyrus-feeding psyllids are reviewed, and keys for the identification of adults and larvae are given. The species, now referred to the genus Cacopsylla, have been much confused. They are shown to comprise seven distinct species: C. pyrisuga (Förster), C. pyri (L.) (summer form pyrarboris, winter form pyri), C. pyricola (Förster) (summer form pyricola, winter form simulans), C. bidens (Šulc) (summer form vasilevi syn. n., winter form bidens), C. notata (Flor) sp. rev., C. permixta sp. n. (= simulans sensu Loginova and Gegechkori nec Förster) and C. fera (Baeva). Psylla horvathii Šulc and P. vicina Šulc are synonymized with C. pyricola; P. picta is regarded as a nomen dubium. Information is given on the host-plants and distribution of each species.

Contemporary Qur'anic Studies in Iran and its Relationship with Qur'anic Studies in the West

2012 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-72
Author(s):  
Morteza Karimi-Nia
Keyword(s):  
Islamic Law ◽  
Human Sciences ◽  
The West ◽  
Communications Technologies ◽  
Religious Learning ◽  
The Status ◽  
Islamic Republic Of Iran ◽  
Almost All ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

The status of tafsīr and Qur'anic studies in the Islamic Republic of Iran has changed significantly during recent decades. The essay provides an overview of the state of Qur'anic studies in Iran today, aiming to examine the extent of the impact of studies by Western scholars on Iranian academic circles during the last three decades and the relationship between them. As in most Islamic countries, the major bulk of academic activity in Iran in this field used to be undertaken by the traditional ʿulamāʾ; however, since the beginning of the twentieth century and the establishment of universities and other academic institutions in the Islamic world, there has been increasing diversity and development. After the Islamic Revolution, many gradual changes in the structure and approach of centres of religious learning and universities have occurred. Contemporary advancements in modern sciences and communications technologies have gradually brought the institutions engaged in the study of human sciences to confront the new context. As a result, the traditional Shīʿī centres of learning, which until 50 years ago devoted themselves exclusively to the study of Islamic law and jurisprudence, today pay attention to the teaching of foreign languages, Qur'anic sciences and exegesis, including Western studies about the Qur'an, to a certain extent, and recognise the importance of almost all of the human sciences of the West.

Values and Gender Equality between Islam and the West

2016 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 79-94
Author(s):  
Moulay Rachid Mrani
Keyword(s):  
Gender Equality ◽  
Virtual Space ◽  
Value Systems ◽  
Women And Gender ◽  
The West ◽  
Living Together ◽  
The Status ◽  
Muslim Intellectuals ◽  
Multiple Challenges ◽  
And Gender

If the development of technology, means of communication, and rapid transportation have made continents closer and made the world a small village, the outcome of the ensuing encounters among cultures and civilizations is far from being a mere success. Within this new reality Muslims, whether they live in majority or minority contexts, face multiple challenges in terms of relating to non-Muslim cultures and traditions. One of these areas is the status of women and gender equality. Ali Mazrui was one of the few Muslim intellectuals to be deeply interested in this issue. His dual belonging, as an African and as a westerner, enable him to understand such issues arising from the economic, political, and ethical contrasts between the West and Islam. This work pays tribute to this exceptional intellectual’s contribution toward the rapprochement between the western and the Islamic value systems, illustrating how he managed to create a “virtual” space for meeting and living together between two worlds that remain different yet dependent upon each other. 

Status of Family Fissidentaceae in Gujarat

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
D.G. Shah ◽  
D.N. Mehta ◽  
R.V. Gujar
Keyword(s):  
Distinct Species ◽  
The State ◽  
The Other ◽  
Land Plants ◽  
Reproductive Structures ◽  
The Family ◽  
The Status ◽  
Vegetative Characters ◽  
First Time ◽  
Different Parts

Bryophytes are the second largest group of land plants and are also known as the amphibians of the plant kingdom. 67 species of bryophytes have been reported from select locations across the state of Gujrat. The status of family fissidentaceae which is a large moss family is being presented in this paper. Globally the family consists of 10 genera but only one genus, Fissidens Hedw. has been collected from Gujarat. Fissidens is characterized by a unique leaf structure and shows the presence of three distinct lamina, the dorsal, the ventral and the vaginant lamina. A total of 8 species of Fissidens have been reported from the state based on vegetative characters as no sporophyte stages were collected earlier. Species reported from the neighboring states also showed the absence of sporophytes. The identification of different species was difficult due to substantial overlap in vegetative characters. Hence a detailed study on the diversity of members of Fissidentaceae in Gujarat was carried out between November 2013 and February 2015. In present study 8 distinct species of Fissidens have been collected from different parts of the state. Three species Fissidens splachnobryoides Broth., Fissidens zollingerii Mont. and Fissidens curvato-involutus Dixon. have been identified while the other five are still to be identified. Fissidens zollingerii Mont. and Fissidens xiphoides M. Fleisch., which have been reported as distinct species are actually synonyms according to TROPICOS database. The presence of sexual reproductive structures and sporophytes for several Fissidens species are also being reported for the first time from the state.

The North American Allies of Hylobius piceus (De Geer) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae)

1957 ◽  
Vol 89 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-43 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen L. Wood
Keyword(s):  
North American ◽  
Distinct Species ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
North American Species ◽  
Winged Form ◽  
The North ◽  
The Status ◽  
Field Workers ◽  
Dimorphic Species ◽  
Biological Differences

While investigating the biology of the North American species of Hypomolyx, field workers in Manitoba found a vestigial, or short-winged, and a long-winged form under apparently identical conditions in about equal numbers. Although biological differences were nor then apparent, there was doubt as to whether they were dealing with one dimorphic species or with two distinct species, A search for morphological characters brought to light numerous differences between the two forms, supporting the view that two species were present. These differences, a description the previously unrecognized species, and notes concerning the status of the genera Hylobius and Hypomolyx are reported below.

How Well Does R2P Travel Beyond the West?

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Faith Mabera ◽  
Yolanda Spies
Keyword(s):  
International Relations ◽  
Conceptual Development ◽  
International Politics ◽  
Status Quo ◽  
Western World ◽  
The West ◽  
Deep Roots ◽  
Domain State ◽  
The Status ◽  
Emerging Powers

R2P invokes the power-morality nexus in international relations and interrogates the rules of engagement that anchor international society. Conceptualization of R2P as a liberal Western construct can therefore be divisive, especially when operationalization of the norm—as happened during the 2011 intervention in Libya—feeds into a West-against-the-Rest narrative. This is unfortunate because the R2P doctrine has deep roots in the non-Western world—Africa in particular—and Global South perspectives continue to strengthen its conceptual development. Emerging powers challenge the status quo of structural power and their rhetoric on R2P often invokes mistrust of Western altruism in international politics. Their actions, on the other hand, prove that they are no less prone to realpolitik in the normative domain. State actors in the normative middle of international politics, including developed as well as developing countries, are well placed to bridge the West-versus-the-Rest schism and to provide leadership in the R2P discourse.

scholarly journals Early Oligocene chinchilloid caviomorphs from Puerto Rico and the initial rodent colonization of the West Indies

2020 ◽  
Vol 287 (1920) ◽  
pp. 20192806 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laurent Marivaux ◽  
Jorge Vélez-Juarbe ◽  
Gilles Merzeraud ◽  
François Pujos ◽  
Lázaro W. Viñola López ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Puerto Rico ◽  
West Indies ◽  
Distinct Species ◽  
South American ◽  
The West ◽  
Early Oligocene ◽  
Biogeographic History ◽  
Phylogenetic Affinities ◽  
Dispersal Events ◽  
South American Origin

By their past and present diversity, rodents are among the richest components of Caribbean land mammals. Many of these became extinct recently. Causes of their extirpation, their phylogenetic affinities, the timing of their arrival in the West Indies and their biogeographic history are all ongoing debated issues. Here, we report the discovery of dental remains from Lower Oligocene deposits ( ca 29.5 Ma) of Puerto Rico. Their morphology attests to the presence of two distinct species of chinchilloid caviomorphs, closely related to dinomyids in a phylogenetic analysis, and thus of undisputable South American origin. These fossils represent the earliest Caribbean rodents known thus far. They could extend back to 30 Ma the lineages of some recently extinct Caribbean giant rodents ( Elasmodontomys and Amblyrhiza ), which are also retrieved here as chinchilloids. This new find has substantial biogeographic implications because it demonstrates an early dispersal of land mammals from South America to the West Indies, perhaps via the emergence of the Aves Ridge that occurred ca 35–33 Ma (GAARlandia hypothesis). Considering both this new palaeontological evidence and recent molecular divergence estimates, the natural colonization of the West Indies by rodents probably occurred through multiple and time-staggered dispersal events (chinchilloids, then echimyid octodontoids (spiny rats/hutias), caviids and lastly oryzomyin muroids (rice rats)).

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