scholarly journals Botanical illustration and photography: a southern hemisphere perspective

2017 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 291 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ellen J. Hickman ◽  
Colin J. Yates ◽  
Stephen D. Hopper
Keyword(s):  
Southern Hemisphere ◽  
Plant Traits ◽  
Relevant Literature ◽  
Scientific Publications ◽  
Systematic Botany ◽  
Whole Plant ◽  
Macro Scale ◽  
Botanical Illustration ◽  
Botanical Illustrations

To examine claims that the role of botanical art in systematic botany is diminishing because of advances in photography, this review considers relevant literature and includes a quantitative analysis of trends in modern journals, monographs and floras. Our focus is on southern hemisphere systematic botany because, relative to the northern hemisphere, this is poorly represented in modern reviews of botanical art and photography. An analysis of all digitally available papers in Nuytsia, the Journal of the Adelaide Botanic Garden, Muelleria, Telopea, Austrobaileya and Systematic Botany established that, although photographic illustrations have increased since 2000, botanical illustrations have not always diminished. The cause of these trends is unknown, but it is likely to be due to several factors, including sourcing funding for production of botanical illustration, editorial preference for the use of illustrations or photographs, author preference for either illustrations or photographs, and moving to online publication, with no charges for colour reproduction. Moreover, the inclusion of botanical artists as co-authors in some scientific publications signals an ongoing and important role. Botanical illustration brings sharp focus and meticulous attention to detail regarding form and structure of plants. Photography is useful at the macro-scale for habitat and whole-plant traits, as well as at the micro-scale for anatomical textures and ultrastructure. These complementary approaches can be important components of taxonomic discovery, with the potential for a new role in modern trait analysis in molecular phylogenies.

Alpha-Effect, Current and Kinetic Helicities for Magnetically Driven Turbulence, and Solar Dynamo

2000 ◽  
Vol 179 ◽  
pp. 387-388
Author(s):  
Gaetano Belvedere ◽  
V. V. Pipin ◽  
G. Rüdiger
Keyword(s):  
Southern Hemisphere ◽  
Northern Hemisphere ◽  
Convection Zone ◽  
Solar Surface ◽  
Momentum Transport ◽  
Angular Momentum Transport ◽  
Magnetic Buoyancy ◽  
Alpha Effect ◽  
Current Helicity

Extended AbstractRecent numerical simulations lead to the result that turbulence is much more magnetically driven than believed. In particular the role ofmagnetic buoyancyappears quite important for the generation ofα-effect and angular momentum transport (Brandenburg & Schmitt 1998). We present results obtained for a turbulence field driven by a (given) Lorentz force in a non-stratified but rotating convection zone. The main result confirms the numerical findings of Brandenburg & Schmitt that in the northern hemisphere theα-effect and the kinetic helicityℋkin= 〈u′ · rotu′〉 are positive (and negative in the northern hemisphere), this being just opposite to what occurs for the current helicityℋcurr= 〈j′ ·B′〉, which is negative in the northern hemisphere (and positive in the southern hemisphere). There has been an increasing number of papers presenting observations of current helicity at the solar surface, all showing that it isnegativein the northern hemisphere and positive in the southern hemisphere (see Rüdigeret al. 2000, also for a review).

СТРУКТУРА, МОДЕЛИ И СТРАТЕГИИ УЧАСТИЯ ГОРОДСКИХ СООБЩЕСТВ В КОНФЛИКТАХ

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 54
Author(s):  
А. И. Кольба ◽  
Н. В. Кольба
Keyword(s):  
Political Parties ◽  
Urban Communities ◽  
Municipal Government ◽  
Structural Characteristics ◽  
City Government ◽  
Expert Interviews ◽  
Competitive Strategies ◽  
Scientific Publications ◽  
The City

The article describes the structural characteristics of the urban communities of the city of Krasnodar and the related features that impact their participation in urban conflicts. This issue is considered in a number of scientific publications, but there is a need to expand the empirical base of such studies. On the base of expert interviews conducted with both city activists, their counterparty (representatives of the municipal government) and external observers (journalists), the parameters of urban communities functioning in the process of their interaction with other conflict actors are revealed. The communities characteristics such as the predominantly territorial principle of formation, the overlap of online and offline communications in their activities, the presence of a “core” with a relatively low number of permanent participants and others are determined. Their activities are dominated by neighborly and civilian models of participation in conflicts. The possibilities of realizing one’s own interests through political interactions (participation in elections, the activities of representative bodies of power, political parties) are not yet sufficiently understood. Urban communities, as a rule, operate within the framework of conventional forms of participation in solving urgent problems, although in some cases it is possible to use confrontational methods, in particular, protest ones. In this regard, the most often used compromise, with the desire for cooperation, a strategy of behavior in interaction with opponents. The limited activating role of conflicts in the activities of communities has been established. The weak manifestation of the civil and especially political component in their activities determines the preservation of a low level of political subjectivity. This factor restrains the growth of urban communities resources and the possibility of applying competitive strategies in interaction with city government and business.

scholarly journals Exploring Environmental and Economic Costs and Benefits of a Forest-Based Circular Economy: A Literature Review

Forests ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 436
Author(s):  
Dimitra C. Lazaridou ◽  
Anastasios Michailidis ◽  
Marios Trigkas
Keyword(s):  
Cluster Analysis ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Circular Economy ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Forest Sector ◽  
Economic Costs ◽  
Key Factors ◽  
Scientific Publications ◽  
Forest Ecosystem Services

The role of a forest sector in the transition to a circular economy (CE) is critical. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to summarize the main findings of the most important published articles and to provide insights on the interdisciplinary space at the interface of concepts related to a forest-based CE. Moreover, it attempts to assess the challenges raised from adopting the CE in forest sector. Through a systematic literature review, 69 scientific publications were selected and evaluated by two sights: (i) a descriptive analysis and (ii) a cluster analysis of the keywords related to the forest-based CE. The study highlights the need for additional survey on optimizing the interaction between forest ecosystem services and circular economy. Further discussion is also needed about the relations of the key factors associated with the forest-based circular economy, as they emerged from the cluster analysis and the co-occurrence network map.

scholarly journals A new approach about the digestion of fibers by ruminants

2013 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 382-395 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leonardo Marmo Moreira ◽  
Fernando de Paula Leonel ◽  
Ricardo Augusto Mendonça Vieira ◽  
José Carlos Pereira
Keyword(s):  
Relevant Literature ◽  
Decisive Role ◽  
Supramolecular Systems ◽  
Animal Science ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Feed Resources ◽  
Stable Clusters ◽  
Metallic Cations ◽  
Animal Sciences

The decisive role of metallic cations in the formation of supramolecular clusters involving lignin, cellulose, and hemi-cellulose and its relationship to energy losses in ruminants associated with fibrous feed resources is still not well understood. Indeed, interactions between lignin, cellulose and metallic cations generate highly stable clusters that significantly decrease the capability of cellulase to break bonds between sugar units in order to facilitate the absorption of a great quantity of cellulose, which is ingested by ruminants as forage. Furthermore, several metallic cations cannot be absorbed as a consequence of the formation of coordinated ligations with the oxygen atoms of the lignocellulosic cluster. The loss of lignocellulose-metal clusters by ruminants is responsible for a substantial waste of nutrients, which is a significant problem in animal science. Moreover, the chemical structure of these relevant supramolecular systems is poorly understood. In the present review, we discussed this topic in detail in reference to relevant literature from the chemical and animal sciences in order to analyze the perspectives associated with the improvement of nutritional absorption from feed resources by ruminants.

Role of Light and Medium Composition on Growth and Valepotriate Contents in Valeriana glechomifolia Whole Plant Liquid Cultures

2006 ◽  
Vol 86 (2) ◽  
pp. 211-218 ◽  
Author(s):  
Denise Russowski ◽  
Natasha Maurmann ◽  
Sandra Beatriz Rech ◽  
Arthur Germano Fett-Neto
Keyword(s):  
Medium Composition ◽  
Liquid Cultures ◽  
Whole Plant ◽  
Role Of Light

scholarly journals l-Aspartate: An Essential Metabolite for Plant Growth and Stress Acclimation

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (7) ◽  
pp. 1887
Author(s):  
Mei Han ◽  
Can Zhang ◽  
Peter Suglo ◽  
Shuyue Sun ◽  
Mingyao Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Physiological Role ◽  
Tca Cycle ◽  
Extensive Study ◽  
Cell Compartments ◽  
Stress Acclimation ◽  
Whole Plant ◽  
Glycolysis Pathway ◽  
Acid Pathway

L-aspartate (Asp) serves as a central building block, in addition to being a constituent of proteins, for many metabolic processes in most organisms, such as biosynthesis of other amino acids, nucleotides, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD), the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle and glycolysis pathway intermediates, and hormones, which are vital for growth and defense. In animals and humans, lines of data have proved that Asp is indispensable for cell proliferation. However, in plants, despite the extensive study of the Asp family amino acid pathway, little attention has been paid to the function of Asp through the other numerous pathways. This review aims to elucidate the most important aspects of Asp in plants, from biosynthesis to catabolism and the role of Asp and its metabolic derivatives in response to changing environmental conditions. It considers the distribution of Asp in various cell compartments and the change of Asp level, and its significance in the whole plant under various stresses. Moreover, it provides evidence of the interconnection between Asp and phytohormones, which have prominent functions in plant growth, development, and defense. The updated information will help improve our understanding of the physiological role of Asp and Asp-borne metabolic fluxes, supporting the modular operation of these networks.

scholarly journals The New Era of Three-Dimensional Histoarchitecture of the Human Endometrium

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 713
Author(s):  
Manako Yamaguchi ◽  
Kosuke Yoshihara ◽  
Nozomi Yachida ◽  
Kazuaki Suda ◽  
Ryo Tamura ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
3D Imaging ◽  
Relevant Literature ◽  
3D Structure ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Human Endometrium ◽  
Tissue Structure ◽  
New Era ◽  
Whole Mount ◽  
Uterine Glands

The histology of the endometrium has traditionally been established by observation of two-dimensional (2D) pathological sections. However, because human endometrial glands exhibit coiling and branching morphology, it is extremely difficult to obtain an entire image of the glands by 2D observation. In recent years, the development of three-dimensional (3D) reconstruction of serial pathological sections by computer and whole-mount imaging technology using tissue clearing methods with high-resolution fluorescence microscopy has enabled us to observe the 3D histoarchitecture of tissues. As a result, 3D imaging has revealed that human endometrial glands form a plexus network in the basalis, similar to the rhizome of grass, whereas mouse uterine glands are single branched tubular glands. This review summarizes the relevant literature on the 3D structure of mouse and human endometrium and discusses the significance of the rhizome structure in the human endometrium and the expected role of understanding the 3D tissue structure in future applications to systems biology.

scholarly journals Validation of a newly developed instrument establishing links between motivation and academic hardiness

2016 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-48
Author(s):  
Spiridon Kamtsios ◽  
Evangelia Karagiannopoulou
Keyword(s):  
Elementary School ◽  
School Children ◽  
Elementary School Children ◽  
Convergent Validity ◽  
Factor Model ◽  
Relevant Literature ◽  
Goal Orientations ◽  
Coping Scale ◽  
Academic Hardiness

The purpose of the study was to establish the reliability, the structural and the convergent validity of the “Dimensions of Academic Hardiness Questionnaire” for late elementary school children. A sample of children (N = 1264) aged 10-12 years completed the questionnaire and the “Athens Coping Scale”. Multiple fit indices provided support that the 9-factor model had a good fit to the data. Reliability coefficients ranged from .68 to .83. The study provided also preliminary evidence of convergent validity of the “Dimensions of Academic Hardiness” scores with one theoretically related measure, the “Athens Coping Scale”. The results enrich the notion of Academic Hardiness in late elementary school children as the role of awareness and the role of children’s previous experiences has been distinguished. The relation between the “Dimensions of Academic Hardiness” and achievement goal orientations in children learning is also noted. These findings are discussed in the context of the relevant literature.

The Role of Compliance in the Design of MEMS

1996 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. K. Ananthasuresh ◽  
Sridhar Kota
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Design ◽  
Relevant Literature ◽  
Flexible Structures ◽  
Mechanical Systems ◽  
Great Majority ◽  
Micro Electro Mechanical Systems

Abstract A great majority of the available micro devices and systems use compliant (or flexible) structures and mechanisms. This trend in design takes advantage of micromachining techniques while satisfying the constraints imposed by them. By citing relevant literature, this article briefly notes the influence of compliance on the mechanical design and analysis of Micro-Electro-Mechanical Systems (MEMS).

The role of boundary management in open innovation: towards a 3D perspective

2021 ◽  
Vol 27 (8) ◽  
pp. 57-84
Author(s):  
Rosita Capurro ◽  
Raffaele Fiorentino ◽  
Stefano Garzella ◽  
Rosa Lombardi
Keyword(s):  
Open Innovation ◽  
Qualitative Methodology ◽  
Relevant Literature ◽  
Firm Boundaries ◽  
Boundary Management ◽  
Innovation Implementation ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Listed Firms ◽  
The One

PurposeThe aim of this paper is to investigate the role of boundary management when firms should implement open innovation.Design/methodology/approachThe relevant literature on strategic management, firm boundaries and open innovation fields is revised and critically assessed. An interpretive-qualitative methodology is applied to analyse empirical data obtained from a questionnaire and subsequent interviews of a sample of Italian listed firms. By critically integrating literature review and empirical analysis, a framework is provided with the objective of supporting open innovation implementation.FindingsThe study shows that on the one hand, open innovation and many modern paths of growth are connected to a firm's boundaries and that on the other hand, boundary management plays a key role in the implementation of open innovation.Practical implicationsThe paper has implications for practitioners by driving them to shift the focus of open innovation implementation towards the management of boundaries, in which boundary capabilities and activities play a key role.Originality/valueThis paper sheds light on the advantages and risks that can jeopardize a successful opening up innovation processes without the effective management of boundary studies. Thus, the authors identify and propose causes for reflection and tools maximizing potentiality and reducing risks in the implementation of such processes.

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