Ewamiania thermalis gen. et sp. nov. (Cyanobacteria, Scytonemataceae), a new cyanobacterium from Talaroo thermal springs, north-eastern Australia

2017 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 38 ◽  
Author(s):  
Glenn B. McGregor ◽  
Barbara C. Sendall
Keyword(s):  
16S Rrna ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Thermal Spring ◽  
Thermal Waters ◽  
Monophyletic Clade ◽  
Vegetative Cells ◽  
Eastern Australia ◽  
North Eastern ◽  
Rrna Sequences ◽  
16S Rrna Sequences

A new subaerophytic cyanobacterium, Ewamiania thermalis gen. et sp. nov., was isolated from a thermal spring complex in tropical, north-eastern Australia and characterised using combined morphological and phylogenetic attributes. It formed blackish-green hemispherical caespitose mats that began as small circular tufts, maturing to form dense mats up to several metres long. It grew along the crests of the minidams just above the thermal waters as well as along some of the shallow unconfined areas of vent-discharge aprons. Morphologically, Ewamiania is most similar to members of the Scytonemataceae. Filaments were isopolar, cylindrical, straight or flexuous, densely arranged and erect, often parallely fasciculate, with tolypotrichoid false-branching, rarely with scytonematoid false-branching. Vegetative cells were short barrel-shaped or isodiametric, slightly constricted at the cross-walls, with granulated contents. Sheaths were firm, thick, lamellated, uncoloured to yellowish or darkly yellow–brown in colour, cylindrical and closed at the apex. Heterocytes were spherical or ovoid in shape, and occurred in both basal and intercalary positions, generally solitary, but sometimes up to two or three in a series, developing particularly at the base of branches. Reproduction occurred by the production of hormogonia by the formation of necridic cells; hormogonia were not constricted at cross-walls and often included terminal heterocytes. Phylogenetic analyses using partial 16S rRNA sequences obtained from a strain of E. thermalis showed that it formed a well supported monophyletic clade, sharing less than 94.3% nucleotide similarity with other cyanobacterial sequences, including putatively related taxa within the Scytonemataceae. It also formed a novel clade in the nifH phylogeny, which was associated with members of the genus Brasilonema M.F.Fiore, Sant’Anna, M.T.P.Azevedo, Komárek, Kastovsky, Sulek & Lorenzi.

Potamosiphon australiensis gen. nov., sp nov. (Oscillatoriales), a new filamentous cyanobacterium from subtropical north-eastern Australia

Phytotaxa ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 387 (2) ◽  
pp. 77-93 ◽  
Author(s):  
GLENN B. MCGREGOR ◽  
BARBARA C. SENDALL
Keyword(s):  
Woody Debris ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Outer Cell ◽  
Filamentous Cyanobacterium ◽  
Eastern Australia ◽  
North Eastern ◽  
In Series ◽  
Littoral Vegetation ◽  
Rrna Sequences ◽  
Outer Cell Wall

A new filamentous cyanobacterium, Potamosiphon australiensis gen. et sp. nov., was isolated from a small coastal stream in subtropical north-eastern Australia, and characterised using combined morphological and phylogenetic attributes. It was found growing on the benthos of Fat Hen Creek amongst cobbles, gravel and large woody debris, mostly as single straight or variously flexuous filaments amongst other algae, but occasionally formed loose aggregations amongst littoral vegetation. Morphologically, Potamosiphon is most similar to members of the genus Lyngbya. Filaments were isopolar, cylindrical, not or slightly constricted at the cross walls. Vegetative cells were discoid, broader than long with finely granular contents, aerotopes were not present. Apical cells were rounded, without calyptra or a thickened outer cell wall. Reproduction occurred via motile hormogonia, which formed often in series, after the occurrence of necridic cells. Trichome fragmentation also occurred following a diagonal division. Following this division trichomes often continued to grow past each other within a common sheath. Thylakoids were irregularly arranged throughout the whole cell volume. Phylogenetic analyses using partial 16S rRNA sequences obtained from three strains of P. australiensis showed that it formed a well supported monophyletic clade, sharing less than 94% nucleotide similarity with other cyanobacterial sequences, including putatively related taxa within the Oscillatoriaceae. It also formed a novel clade in the nifH phylogeny, which was associated with the genus Microseira G.B. McGregor & Sendall.

scholarly journals Evolutionary Relationships among Primary Endosymbionts of the Mealybug Subfamily Phenacoccinae (Hemiptera: Coccoidea: Pseudococcidae)

2010 ◽  
Vol 76 (22) ◽  
pp. 7521-7525 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew E. Gruwell ◽  
Nate B. Hardy ◽  
Penny J. Gullan ◽  
Katharina Dittmar
Keyword(s):  
16S Rrna ◽  
Nucleotide Substitution ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Sister Group ◽  
Buchnera Aphidicola ◽  
Free Living ◽  
Bacterial Endosymbionts ◽  
Rrna Sequences ◽  
Living Bacteria ◽  
16S Rrna Sequences

ABSTRACT Mealybugs (Coccoidea: Pseudococcidae) are sap-sucking plant parasites that harbor bacterial endosymbionts within specialized organs. Previous studies have identified two subfamilies, Pseudococcinae and Phenacoccinae, within mealybugs and determined the primary endosymbionts (P-endosymbionts) of the Pseudococcinae to be Betaproteobacteria (“Candidatus Tremblaya princeps”) containing Gammaproteobacteria secondary symbionts. Here, the P-endosymbionts of phenacoccine mealybugs are characterized based on 16S rRNA from the bacteria of 20 species of phenacoccine mealybugs and four outgroup Puto species (Coccoidea: Putoidae) and aligned to more than 100 published 16S rRNA sequences from symbiotic and free-living bacteria. Phylogenetic analyses recovered three separate lineages of bacteria from the Phenacoccinae, and these are considered to be the P-endosymbionts of their respective mealybug hosts, with those from (i) the mealybug genus Rastrococcus belonging to the Bacteroidetes, (ii) the subterranean mealybugs, tribe Rhizoecini, also within Bacteroidetes, in a clade sister to cockroach endosymbionts (Blattabacterium), and (iii) the remaining Phenacoccinae within the Betaproteobacteria, forming a well-supported sister group to “Candidatus Tremblaya princeps.” Names are proposed for two strongly supported lineages: “Candidatus Brownia rhizoecola” for P-endosymbionts of Rhizoecini and “Candidatus Tremblaya phenacola” for P-endosymbionts of Phenacoccinae excluding Rastrococcus and Rhizoecini. Rates of nucleotide substitution among lineages of Tremblaya were inferred to be significantly faster than those of free-living Betaproteobacteria. Analyses also recovered a clade of Gammaproteobacteria, sister to the P-endosymbiont lineage of aphids (“Candidatus Buchnera aphidicola”), containing the endosymbionts of Putoidae, the secondary endosymbionts of pseudococcine mealybugs, and the endosymbionts of several other insect groups.

scholarly journals 16S rRNA Phylogeny of Sponge-Associated Cyanobacteria

2005 ◽  
Vol 71 (7) ◽  
pp. 4127-4131 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura Steindler ◽  
Dorothée Huchon ◽  
Adi Avni ◽  
Micha Ilan
Keyword(s):  
16S Rrna ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
16S Rrna Phylogeny ◽  
Rrna Phylogeny ◽  
Rrna Sequences ◽  
16S Rrna Sequences

ABSTRACT Phylogenetic analyses of 16S rRNA sequences of sponge-associated cyanobacteria showed them to be polyphyletic, implying that they derived from multiple independent symbiotic events. Most of the symbiont sequences were affiliated to a group of Synechococcus and Prochlorococcus species. However, other symbionts were related to different groups, such as the Oscillatoriales.

scholarly journals Phylogeny of All Recognized Species of Ammonia Oxidizers Based on Comparative 16S rRNA and amoA Sequence Analysis: Implications for Molecular Diversity Surveys

2000 ◽  
Vol 66 (12) ◽  
pp. 5368-5382 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ulrike Purkhold ◽  
Andreas Pommerening-R�ser ◽  
Stefan Juretschko ◽  
Markus C. Schmid ◽  
Hans-Peter Koops ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
16S Rrna ◽  
Molecular Diversity ◽  
Sequence Data ◽  
Sequence Similarity ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Evolutionary Relationships ◽  
Ammonia Oxidizing Bacteria ◽  
Rrna Sequences ◽  
16S Rrna Sequences

ABSTRACT The current perception of evolutionary relationships and the natural diversity of ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (AOB) is mainly based on comparative sequence analyses of their genes encoding the 16S rRNA and the active site polypeptide of the ammonia monooxygenase (AmoA). However, only partial 16S rRNA sequences are available for many AOB species and most AOB have not yet been analyzed on the amoAlevel. In this study, the 16S rDNA sequence data of 10Nitrosomonas species and Nitrosococcus mobiliswere completed. Furthermore, previously unavailable 16S rRNA sequences were determined for three Nitrosomonas sp. isolates and for the gamma-subclass proteobacterium Nitrosococcus halophilus. These data were used to revaluate the specificities of published oligonucleotide primers and probes for AOB. In addition, partial amoA sequences of 17 AOB, including the above-mentioned 15 AOB, were obtained. Comparative phylogenetic analyses suggested similar but not identical evolutionary relationships of AOB by using 16S rRNA and AmoA as marker molecules, respectively. The presented 16S rRNA and amoA and AmoA sequence data from all recognized AOB species significantly extend the currently used molecular classification schemes for AOB and now provide a more robust phylogenetic framework for molecular diversity inventories of AOB. For 16S rRNA-independent evaluation of AOB species-level diversity in environmental samples, amoA and AmoA sequence similarity threshold values were determined which can be used to tentatively identify novel species based on cloned amoA sequences. Subsequently, 122 amoA sequences were obtained from 11 nitrifying wastewater treatment plants. Phylogenetic analyses of the molecular isolates showed that in all but two plants only nitrosomonads could be detected. Although several of the obtained amoAsequences were only relatively distantly related to known AOB, none of these sequences unequivocally suggested the existence of previously unrecognized species in the wastewater treatment environments examined.

scholarly journals Correction to: Bacterial community assemblages in classroom floor dust of 50 public schools in a large city: characterization using 16S rRNA sequences and associations with environmental factors

Microbiome ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ju-Hyeong Park ◽  
Angela R. Lemons ◽  
Jerry Roseman ◽  
Brett J. Green ◽  
Jean M. Cox-Ganser
Keyword(s):  
Public Schools ◽  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Bacterial Community ◽  
16S Rrna ◽  
Large City ◽  
Floor Dust ◽  
Community Assemblages ◽  
Rrna Sequences ◽  
16S Rrna Sequences

An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via the original article.

scholarly journals 16S rRNA sequences reveal uncultured inhabitants of a well-studied thermal community

1990 ◽  
Vol 75 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 105-115 ◽  
Author(s):  
David M. Ward ◽  
Roland Weller ◽  
Mary M. Bateson
Keyword(s):  
16S Rrna ◽  
Rrna Sequences ◽  
16S Rrna Sequences
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