Five new species and a systematic synopsis of Pycnandra (Sapotaceae), the largest endemic genus in New Caledonia

2016 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ulf Swenson ◽  
Jérôme Munzinger
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Conservation Management ◽  
New Caledonia ◽  
Iucn Red List ◽  
Specific Substrate ◽  
Leaf Venation ◽  
Endemic Genus ◽  
Substrate Preferences ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Ultramafic Substrates

Pycnandra Benth. (Sapotaceae) is the largest endemic genus in New Caledonia and is subdivided into six subgenera. An addition of five species are here described in four subgenera, viz. P. comptonioides Swenson & Munzinger, P. kouakouensis Swenson & Munzinger, P. montana Swenson & Munzinger, P. poindimiensis Swenson & Munzinger and P. versicolor Swenson & Munzinger. Another seven to nine taxa are discussed but remain undescribed owing to the lack of adequate collections (and may remain undescribed pending the interpretation of the Nagoya Protocol). Pycnandra is characterised by a non-areolate higher leaf venation, sepals glabrous on the inner surface, no staminodes, and a single-seeded fruit. The members occur in a wide range of habitats and most species have very specific substrate requirements, growing on ultramafic, non-ultramafic or calcareous substrates. Almost 40 species are restricted to ultramafic substrates and many are now at risk of extinction because of deforestation, deliberately set fires and mining. We provide a systematic synopsis with keys to subgenera and species, phenology, substrate preferences, altitudinal ranges and preliminary IUCN Red List assessments for all described taxa. Four of the five new species are assessed as Critically Endangered. Pycnandra versicolor is in urgent need of conservation management beacuse its entire distribution is inside an active mine on the Koniambo massif.

Revision of Pycnandra subgenus Achradotypus (Sapotaceae), with five new species from New Caledonia

2010 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 185 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ulf Swenson ◽  
Jérôme Munzinger
Keyword(s):  
New Caledonia ◽  
Iucn Red List ◽  
Red List ◽  
Corolla Lobe ◽  
Vegetation Types ◽  
New Members ◽  
Infrageneric Classification ◽  
Humid Forest ◽  
Leaf Venation ◽  
Wide Range

Pycnandra is a genus of Sapotaceae (Chrysophylloideae), restricted to New Caledonia, and includes ~60 species. The genus is a member of the monophyletic Niemeyera complex of Australia and New Caledonia and it is characterised by the lack of staminodes and a fruit containing a single seed, plano-convex cotyledons and absence of endosperm. In New Caledonia, several segregate genera have been recognised, but weak cladistic support for these groups and homoplasious morphology renders a narrow generic concept untenable. Instead, a broad generic circumscription of Pycnandra with an infrageneric classification recognising the subgenera Achradotypus, Leptostylis, Pycnandra, Sebertia and Trouettia results in a stable nomenclature. Here we revise Pycnandra subg. Achradotypus that includes 14 species, of which five (P. belepensis, P. blaffartii, P. bracteolata, P. glabella, and P. ouaiemensis) are described as new. Members of subg. Achradotypus are distinguished from other subgenera on the basis of a character combination of two stamens opposite each corolla lobe (except P. litseiflora), glabrous leaves (except P. belepensis and P. decandra), a distinctive reticulate tertiary leaf venation (except P. comptonii), and sepal-like bracts that often are borne along the pedicel. All species are restricted to Grande Terre except for P. decandra, whose distribution also extends to nearby Art Island (Belep Islands), and P. belepensis, which is endemic to that same island. The members grow in a wide range of vegetation types from dry maquis to humid forest, from sea level to the highest mountain massif, and on ultramafic soils to schist and greywacke (not limestone). Because of past and present threats such as mining, logging and fire, preliminary IUCN Red List assessments are provided for all species. Five taxa (P. chartacea, P. decandra subsp. decandra, P. glabella, P. litseiflora, and P. neocaledonica) are proposed the IUCN status Endangered, and P. belepensis and P. ouaiemensis are proposed to be Critically Endangered. We suggest that some locations where these species occur should be given protection in the form of nature reserves.

A new species of the New Caledonian endemic genus Xanthochorema Kimmins, 1953 (Insecta: Trichoptera: Hydrobiosidae)

Zootaxa ◽  
2002 ◽  
Vol 42 (1) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
KJELL ARNE JOHANSON
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
New Records ◽  
New Caledonia ◽  
Endemic Genus ◽  
A New Species

Xanthochorema neocaledonia sp.n.is described from New Caledonia, raising to seven the number of Hydrobiosidae (Trichoptera) species now known from New Caledonia. A key for discrimination of males of these seven species is presented, and distributional maps are included for all species. In addition, new records are included for Xanthochorema bifurcatum Schmid, 1989, Xanthochorema calcaratum Schmid, 1989, and Xanthochorema celadon Schmid, 1989.

scholarly journals A new Troglosiro species (Opiliones, Cyphophthalmi, Troglosironidae) from New Caledonia

Zootaxa ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 1053 (1) ◽  
pp. 47 ◽  
Author(s):  
PRASHANT SHARMA ◽  
GONZALO GIRIBET
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Sea Level ◽  
New Caledonia ◽  
Type Locality ◽  
Anterior Portion ◽  
Endemic Genus ◽  
The Real ◽  
Number Of Species ◽  
A New Species

A new species of Cyphophthalmi belonging to the New Caledonian endemic genus Troglosiro Juberthie, 1979 is described and illustrated using SEM, including the first description of a troglosironid ovipositor. T. longifossa sp. nov., known only from its type locality in Port Boisé, and found at low elevation near sea level, constitutes the seventh species of Troglosiro to be described to date. The new species has a unique disposition of the four ventral opisthosomal gland pores in the anterior portion of a long depression of the sternal segments 3 to 7. Information on other specimens recently collected in New Caledonia indicates that the number of described species in the island is a gross underestimate of the real diversity of New Caledonian Cyphophthalmi, both in number of species and morphology.

A new endemic psyllid genus, Stevekenia gen. nov. (Hemiptera: Psylloidea, Triozidae), from the Hawaiian Islands with two new and rare species on threatened host plants in the endemic genus Nothocestrum (Solanaceae)

Zootaxa ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 4286 (3) ◽  
pp. 370 ◽  
Author(s):  
DIANA M. PERCY
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Host Plants ◽  
Plant Density ◽  
Hawaiian Islands ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Iucn Red List ◽  
Term Survival ◽  
Endemic Genus ◽  
Endangered Status

A new endemic psyllid genus from the Hawaiian Islands, Stevekenia gen. nov., is described. Two new species, both single island endemics, feed on host plants in the endemic genus Nothocestrum (Solanaceae). Stevekenia nothocestri sp. nov. is found on Nothocestrum longifolium on the island of Oahu and Stevekenia aiea sp. nov. is found on N. peltatum on the island of Kauai. The host plants are montane rainforest species and both are on the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. In particular, N. peltatum, which is endemic to the island of Kauai, is considered critically endangered, and therefore a similarly endangered status for these host-specific insects is likely. Only a few specimens of each Stevekenia species have been found, suggesting occurrence at low abundance. The host plants survive either as isolated individuals or small fragmented populations, which may already constitute less than the required critical host plant density for the long term survival of this psyllid genus. Unique morphological characters distinguish Stevekenia from other Hawaiian genera, and the placement of this genus within Triozidae is discussed. Mitochondrial DNA barcodes for the new species are provided. 

Corrigendum to: Systematic revision, phylogeny and host plant associations of the Australian endemic genus Mcateella Drake (Hemiptera:Heteroptera:Piesmatidae)

2012 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 434
Author(s):  
Michael A. Elias ◽  
Gerasimos Cassis
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
New Species ◽  
Host Plant ◽  
Sister Taxon ◽  
Plant Analysis ◽  
Systematic Revision ◽  
Endemic Genus ◽  
Plant Associations ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Stridulatory Apparatus

A systematic revision of Mcateella is given including the description of seven new species: M. austera, sp. nov., M. coolgardie, sp. nov., M. esperancensis, sp. nov., M. exocarposa, sp. nov., M. kwoki, sp. nov., M. reidi, sp. nov. and M. schuhi, sp. nov. The following species are redescribed: M. elongata Hacker M. gibber Drake, M. interioris Hacker and M. splendida Drake. Mcateella is defined as a monophyletic group on the basis of clavate guard setae and the stridulatory apparatus. Phylogenetic analysis of the Piesmatidae recognised Eopiesma as the sister-taxon relative to the remaining extant Piesmatidae. The ingroup relationships of Mcateella contained one polytomy. Miespa was found to be the sister taxon to Mcateella, positing a transantarctic relationship. Host plant analysis indicates that Mcateella are not all Acacia specialists as stated in the literature but feed on a wide range of angiosperms.

Two new species from the Ile des Pins (New Caledonia), and a not so new species from Grande Terre (New Caledonia)

Phytotaxa ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 349 (3) ◽  
pp. 201 ◽  
Author(s):  
ULRICH MEVE ◽  
GILDAS GÂTEBLÉ ◽  
SIGRID LIEDE-SCHUMANN
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
New Caledonia ◽  
Corolla Tube ◽  
Iucn Red List ◽  
Red List ◽  
Ultramafic Soil ◽  
Iucn Red List Assessment ◽  
Two New Species ◽  
Floral Characters ◽  
One New Species

Two New Caledonian endemics of Apocynaceae-Asclepiadoideae, predominantly natives of the Ile des Pins, an island south of New Caledonia known for its high microendemism, are here described as new to science. One new species, Heterostemma bicanthaceum (Ceropegieae), is related to H. acuminatum Decne. but differs remarkably in a number of floral characters such as a raised central corolla tube, and a dull purple-brown and wrinkled corona with expanded lateral appendages forming coronal rail-like structures. The other species described and illustrated, Marsdenia kuniensis (Marsdenieae), is sister to Marsdenia dognyensis from the Grande Terre. Its fleshy whitish to rose corolla with the tube closely encircling the corona as well as protruding and deltoid corona lobes broader than long distinguish the new species. These two species are restricted to calcareous forests and a preliminary IUCN red list assessment is proposed. Additionally, the name Marsdenia neomicrostoma is proposed for a species whose members have hitherto mostly been listed under the name Marsdenia microstoma, a name that has to be considered as nomen dubium after its type has been lost. The species is a typical element of ultramafic soil vegetation, and therefore widespread on Grande Terre but missing on the Ile des Pins.

A New Micro-Endemic Species of Alectryon (Sapindaceae) from Koghis Forest, New Caledonia

2020 ◽  
Vol 45 (1) ◽  
pp. 156-162
Author(s):  
Jérôme Munzinger ◽  
Porter P. Lowry ◽  
Martin W. Callmander ◽  
Sven Buerki
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
New Caledonia ◽  
Conservation Status ◽  
Iucn Red List ◽  
Red List ◽  
Dry Forest ◽  
Pacific Island ◽  
Humid Forest ◽  
Iucn Red List Categories ◽  
Red List Categories

Abstract—The new species Alectryon hirsutus is described from New Caledonia. It is distinguished from the only other member of the genus occurring on this southwest Pacific island, A. carinatus, by its uniformly densely hirsute indumentum (vs. glabrous or with short, appressed trichomes) as well as features of its leaves [(2‐)3‐5 pairs of leaflets vs. 1‐2]) and fruits (9‐16 × 16‐28 mm vs. 5.6‐13 × 5.7‐10.6 mm), along with its presence in dense humid forest (vs. sclerophyllous or lowland dry forest). A preliminary conservation status of Critically Endangered [CR] is suggested following IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria.

scholarly journals A Revision of the Ant Genus Rhytidoponera (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) in New Caledonia

1984 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 131 ◽  
Author(s):  
PS Ward
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Related Species ◽  
New Caledonia ◽  
Morphological Differentiation ◽  
Forest Edge ◽  
Nest Architecture ◽  
Closely Related Species ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Species Groups ◽  
Group Species

In this revision of the genus Rhytidoponera on the island of New Caledonia, 18 species are recognized: seven previously described taxa (acanthoponeroides Viehmeyer, atropurpurea Emery, fulgens Emery, numeensis Andre, pulchella Emery, versicolor Brown, and wilsoni Brown) and 11 new species (aquila sp.nov., arborea sp.nov., depilis sp.nov., insularis sp.nov., koumensis sp.nov., litoralis sp.nov., luteipes sp.nov., mimica sp.nov., nitidiventris sp.nov., opaciventris sp.nov., and terrestris sp.nov.). All of these species are endemic (except perhaps terrestris, for which there is a questionable record from Vanuatu), and they segregate into four species-groups: acanthoponeroides group (one species), fulgens group (four species), numeensis group (three species) and pulchella group (ten species). Alate queens have not been found in any species, suggesting that colonies are entirely worker-reproductive. The behaviour and nest architecture of species in the pulchella group indicates specialization as foliage-foragers on understorey and forest edge vegetation, in contrast to the ground-foraging tendencies of the remaining species. Some pulchella-group species are involved in mimicry complexes with other ants and other foliage- frequenting arthropods. Closely related species of New Caledonian Rhytidoponera are usually distributed allopatrically, and conspecific populations exhibit a wide range of morphological differentiation.

New species of the New Caledonian endemic genus Agnotecous (Orthoptera, Grylloidea, Eneopterinae, Lebinthini)

Zootaxa ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 2559 (1) ◽  
pp. 17 ◽  
Author(s):  
TONY ROBILLARD ◽  
ROMAIN NATTIER ◽  
LAURE DESUTTER-GRANDCOLAS
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
New Caledonia ◽  
Field Work ◽  
Acoustic Properties ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Museum Collections ◽  
New Subspecies ◽  
Endemic Genus ◽  
Genus 2

To analyze the pattern of endemism of Eneopterinae crickets (Orthoptera, Grylloidea, Eneopteridae) in New Caledonia, available data sets have been completed by intensive field work and by the study of museum collections. Five new species of Agnotecous Saussure, 1878 (A. humboldti Robillard, n. sp., A. nekando Robillard, n. sp., A. minoris Robillard, n. sp., A. petchekara Desutter-Grandcolas, n. sp., A. pinsula Robillard, n. sp.) and one new subspecies (A. brachypterus pocquensis Desutter-Grandcolas, n. ssp.) are described here from Grande Terre and Île des Pins. These new data (1) enhance the richness of Agnotecous in New Caledonia, with a total of 20 known species for the genus; (2) complete the distributional data about species sympatry; (3) further document the distribution of the genus in the archipelago; and (4) confirm the acoustic properties of Agnotecous calling songs.

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