Phylogenetic analysis of the subtribe Chloraeinae (Orchidaceae): a preliminary approach based on three chloroplast markers

2010 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 38 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Amelia Chemisquy ◽  
Osvaldo Morrone
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Systematic Position ◽  
South American ◽  
Chloroplast Markers ◽  
Phylogenetic Studies ◽  
Terrestrial Orchids ◽  
Molecular Phylogenetic ◽  
Trnk Intron ◽  
Internal Relationships ◽  
High Support

The systematic position and relationships between some South American terrestrial orchids, such as Bipinnula Comm. ex Juss., Chloraea Lindl., Gavilea Poepp. and Geoblasta Barb. Rodr., is unclear. These four genera have been grouped in the subtribe Chloraeinae by several authors. Previous phylogenetic studies of the group have included only a few species of Chloraea and Gavilea and not of Bipinnula or Geoblasta. Relationships among these four genera were explored and the monophyly of the subtribe Chloraeinae and the genera Chloraea and Gavilea were tested in this contribution. Molecular phylogenetic analyses were conducted, using the following three chloroplast markers: the matK–trnK intron, the atpB–rbcL spacer and the rpoC1 gene. Sequences were analysed under maximum parsimony and Bayesian inference. In all the analyses, Bipinnula, Chloraea, Gavilea and Geoblasta were grouped in a clade with high support, where Bipinnula, Geoblasta and Gavilea were nested inside Chloraea. Consequently, Chloraea was paraphyletic, whereas Gavilea turned out to be monophyletic with high values of support. The other species of tribe Cranichideae appeared as sister groups of the Chloraeinae. A more exhaustive taxonomic sampling is needed to resolve the systematic placement of the subtribe Chloraeinae and the internal relationships between the genera and species that form it.

scholarly journals Hyoscyamus labiatus sp. nov. (Solanaceae: Hyoscyameae) from Henan, China: implications for the delimitation of Hyoscyamus

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yan-Yan Liu ◽  
Qi-Rui Wang ◽  
Zeng-Lu Mi ◽  
Jia-Mei Li
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
New Species ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Henan Province ◽  
Monophyletic Group ◽  
Related Genus ◽  
Chloroplast Markers ◽  
Phylogenetic Studies ◽  
Molecular Phylogenetic ◽  
A New Species

Abstract Background Hyoscyamus, the largest genus in the tribe Hyoscyameae, harbors more than 20 species. Although the monophyly of Hyoscyamus is supported by both morphological and molecular phylogenetic studies, the delimitation of Hyoscyamus has been hotly debated in different classifications. Here, we report a new species of Hyoscyamus (Solanaceae) from Henan Province, China, and discuss the delimitation of Hyoscyamus. Results This species is morphologically similar to the known species of Hyoscyamus and its close related genus Archihyoscyamus, but can be distinguished by corolla 2-lipped, adaxial lip 3-lobed and much longer than abaxial lips, tube slender at base, and stamens 5, inserted on inner side of disk, free, obviously unequal, and exceeding corolla. Phylogenetic analysis based on four chloroplast markers including rbcL, ndhF, trnC-psbM and trnL-trnF, strongly suggested that the new species was sister to a monophyletic group containing all species of Hyoscyamus and Archihyoscyamus previously described. Conclusions Both the morphological observations and molecular phylogenetic analyses support the recognition of Hyoscyamus labiatus as a new species. Our study also showed that Archihyoscyamus should be a synonym of Hyoscyamus. The delimitation of Hyoscyamus is thus revised in our study.

Phylogenetic studies in the South American tribe Dichroplini (Orthoptera: Acrididae: Melanoplinae): is the Paranaense-Pampeano informal genus group a natural clade?

Zootaxa ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 2174 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-62 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. A. DINGHI ◽  
V. CONFALONIERI ◽  
M. M. CIGLIANO
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Mitochondrial Gene ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
South American ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Weak Support ◽  
Phylogenetic Studies ◽  
Molecular Phylogenetic ◽  
Group A

The Dichroplini genera Scotussa, Leiotettix, Ronderosia, Atrachelacris, Chlorus, Eurotettix and Dichromatos have been grouped into the “Paranaense-Pampeano” informal genus group, based on characters of the male genitalia. However, recent molecular phylogenetic analyses showed weak support values or no support at all for this group. In this study, we used molecular and morphological characters to test the monophyly of this informal genus group. Morphological characters included aspects of the general morphology, and male and female genitalia as well. Whereas the molecular data was based on one mitochondrial gene: cytochrome oxidase I. Independent and combined phylogenetic analyses of the data were performed under both unweighted and implied weighting parsimony. Our results showed that, when only molecular data is considered, the “Paranaense-Pampeano” informal genus group is not recovered. However, the group is monophyletic according to morphological and combined analyses. The “Paranaense-Pampeano” informal genus group is considered to be a natural clade; therefore, we propose the genus group name Scotussae. As a final remark, the molecular data provided in most cases the same evidence of relationships as morphology.

scholarly journals Semiaquilegia danxiashanensis (Ranunculaceae), a new species from Danxia Shan in Guangdong, southern China

Phytotaxa ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 405 (1) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
JIAN-JUN ZHOU ◽  
ZHANG-PING HUANG ◽  
JIA-HUI LI ◽  
SCOTT HODGES ◽  
WEI-SHENG DENG ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Southern China ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Separate Species ◽  
F Region ◽  
Phylogenetic Studies ◽  
Molecular Phylogenetic ◽  
Nuclear Its ◽  
A New Species ◽  
Northern Guangdong

Based on morphological and molecular phylogenetic studies, Semiaquilegia danxiashanensis, a new species from Danxia Shan in northern Guangdong, southern China, is described and illustrated. This species is easily distinguishable from each of other three known species in the genus by characters of the flowers and fruits. In addition, molecular phylogenetic analyses of both the nuclear ITS and the plastid trnL-F region strongly supported S. danxiashanensis as a separate species from other species of Semiaquilegia. We provide a detailed morphological and habitat description, distribution, as well as colour photographs and illustrations of the new species.

scholarly journals Morphometric and phylogenetic analyses of Serpentirhabdias viperidicus n. sp. (Nematoda: Rhabdiasidae) from the lancehead snake Bothrops moojeni Hoge, 1966 (Reptilia: Serpentes: Viperidae) in Brazil

2016 ◽  
Vol 91 (3) ◽  
pp. 360-370 ◽  
Author(s):  
D.H. Morais ◽  
A. Aguiar ◽  
M.I. Müller ◽  
R.B. Narciso ◽  
L.A.F. da Silva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Neotropical Region ◽  
South American ◽  
Paulo State ◽  
Molecular Approaches ◽  
Molecular Phylogenetic ◽  
Bothrops Moojeni ◽  
A New Species

AbstractSerpentirhabdias viperidicus n. sp. (Nematoda: Rhabdiasidae) is described from the lungs of the ‘Brazilian lancehead’ Bothrops moojeni (Hoge, 1966) from the savannah in São Paulo State, Brazil. The new species is the eighth species of Serpentirhabdias described in the Neotropical region, and differs from other species mainly by a combination of characters: lips slightly notable, presence of fine striations at posterior ends, presence of two parallel lines with intercalated pores, a pore-shaped phasmid situated at the level of the anal aperture and another two in the posterior half of the tail. It is the first species of Serpentirhabdias reported in this snake host and the second species of this genus found parasitizing South American viperidian snakes. Molecular phylogenetic analysis using ribosomal (ITS and 28S partial) genes confirms Serpentirhabdias viperidicus n. sp. as a new species that clustered in the Serpentirhabdias clade, sister taxon to Serpentirhabdias fuscovenosa and Serpentirhabdias elaphe. This is the first description of Serpentirhabdias species from Brazil using molecular approaches and morphological characters to confirm the monophyly of this recent genus.

scholarly journals Multi-gene phylogeny and taxonomy of Amauroderma s. lat. (Ganodermataceae)

2020 ◽  
Vol 44 (1) ◽  
pp. 206-239 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y.-F. Sun ◽  
D.H. Costa-Rezende ◽  
J.-H. Xing ◽  
J.-L. Zhou ◽  
B. Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rna Polymerase ◽  
Rna Polymerase Ii ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Large Subunit ◽  
Elongation Factor ◽  
Morphological Examination ◽  
Translation Elongation ◽  
Multiple Loci ◽  
Phylogenetic Studies ◽  
Molecular Phylogenetic

Amauroderma s.lat. has been defined mainly by the morphological features of non-truncate and double-walled basidiospores with a distinctly ornamented endospore wall. In this work, taxonomic and phylogenetic studies on species of Amauroderma s.lat. are carried out by morphological examination together with ultrastructural observations, and molecular phylogenetic analyses of multiple loci including the internal transcribed spacer regions (ITS), the large subunit of nuclear ribosomal RNA gene (nLSU), the largest subunit of RNA polymerase II (RPB1) and the second largest subunit of RNA polymerase II (RPB2), the translation elongation factor 1-α gene (TEF) and the β-tubulin gene (TUB). The results demonstrate that species of Ganodermataceae formed ten clades. Species previously placed in Amauroderma s.lat. are divided into four clades: Amauroderma s.str., Foraminispora, Furtadoa and a new genus Sanguinoderma. The classification of Amauroderma s. lat. is thus revised, six new species are described and illustrated, and eight new combinations are proposed. SEM micrographs of basidiospores of Foraminispora and Sanguinoderma are provided, and the importance of SEM in delimitation of taxa in this study is briefly discussed. Keys to species of Amauroderma s.str., Foraminispora, Furtadoa, and Sanguinoderma are also provided.

The genus Phillipsia from China and Thailand

Phytotaxa ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 316 (2) ◽  
pp. 138 ◽  
Author(s):  
ANUSHA H. EKANAYAKA ◽  
D. J. BHAT ◽  
KEVIN D. HYDE ◽  
E. B. GARETH JONES ◽  
QI ZHAO
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Sequence Data ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Morphological Examination ◽  
Phylogenetic Studies ◽  
Molecular Phylogenetic ◽  
A New Species

The genus Phillipsia (Sarcoscyphaceae) is characterized by large, bright-coloured, sub-stipitate apothecia, sub-operculate asci and asymmetrical ascospores with longitudinal striations. Morphological and phylogenetic studies were carried out on new collections of Phillipsia from China and Thailand. Phillipsia subpurpurea are recorded from China and Phillipsia gelatinosa from Thailand is introduced as a new species to science. Our new collections are confirmed to be divergent from other species of Phillipsia based on morphological examination and molecular phylogenetic analyses of ITS and LSU sequence data. Descriptions and figures are provided for the taxa which are also compared with allied taxa.

On the status of the snake genera Erythrolamprus Boie, Liophis Wagler and Lygophis Fitzinger (Serpentes, Xenodontinae)

Zootaxa ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 2173 (1) ◽  
pp. 66-68 ◽  
Author(s):  
FELIPE F. CURCIO ◽  
VÍTOR DE Q. PIACENTINI ◽  
DANIEL S. FERNANDES
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Relationships ◽  
Molecular Evidence ◽  
South American ◽  
Phylogenetic Studies ◽  
The Status ◽  
Molecular Phylogenetic ◽  
Recent Debate ◽  
The Subject

The genus Erythrolamprus Boie (1826) comprises six species of Central and South American false coral snakes (Peters & Orejas-Miranda 1970; Zaher 1999; Curcio et al. 2009). It is traditionally allocated in the tribe Xenodontini (subfamily Xenodontinae), along with the genera Liophis, Lystrophis, Umbrivaga, Waglerophis and Xenodon (sensu Dixon 1980; Cadle 1984; Myers 1986; Ferrarezzi 1994; Zaher 1999). Although Xenodontini is supported by morphological and molecular evidence, phylogenetic relationships and classification within the tribe have been the subject of recent debate. Molecular phylogenetic studies have recovered clades with Erythrolamprus nested within some representatives of the genus Liophis (Vidal et al. 2000; Zaher et al. 2009), partly corroborating previous hypotheses based on morphology (e.g. Dixon 1980).

Additional data on Iranian trichodorids (Triplonchida: Trichodoridae) and first record of a rare species, Trichodorus variabilis Roca, 1998

Nematology ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 121-129 ◽  
Author(s):  
Majid Pedram ◽  
Ali Roshan-Bakhsh ◽  
Ebrahim Pourjam ◽  
Mohammad Reza Atighi ◽  
Wilfrida Decraemer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
First Record ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Slight Variation ◽  
Natural Forests ◽  
Northern Iran ◽  
Phylogenetic Studies ◽  
Molecular Phylogenetic ◽  
First Time ◽  
Of Greece

Trichodorus variabilis, recovered from three separate locations in natural forests of northern Iran, was studied using morphological, morphometric and molecular data. Variation in position of the ventromedian cervical papillae (CP1 and CP2) with respect to the onchiostyle base in the resting position, and spicule characters (having or lacking striation in distal blade region and bristles in proximal blade region) were observed. Variation was also observed in the nature of the pharyngo-intestinal junction (offset to slight overlapping). The secretory-excretory pore of females also showed slight variation in placement. Molecular phylogenetic studies, using partial 28S rDNA D2-D3 sequences of three studied populations and one sequenced isolate of the species from Greece, revealed T. variabilis has variation in the sequences of this genomic fragment. The similarity percent of four sequences ranged from 96.7 to 99.7%. The species was found for the first time outside of Greece, the country from which it was originally described. A newly recovered population of T. persicus, originally described from Iran, was also included in the molecular phylogenetic analyses.

scholarly journals Oldest cingulate skulls provide congruence between morphological and molecular scenarios of armadillo evolution

2011 ◽  
Vol 278 (1719) ◽  
pp. 2791-2797 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guillaume Billet ◽  
Lionel Hautier ◽  
Christian de Muizon ◽  
Xavier Valentin
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
Fossil Record ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Typical Case ◽  
New Taxon ◽  
Late Oligocene ◽  
Phylogenetic Studies ◽  
Molecular Phylogenetic ◽  
Early Neogene ◽  
Group A

The cingulates of the mammalian order Xenarthra present a typical case of disagreement between molecular and morphological phylogenetic studies. We report here the discovery of two new skulls from the Late Oligocene Salla Beds of Bolivia (approx. 26 Ma), which are the oldest known well-preserved cranial remains of the group. A new taxon is described: Kuntinaru boliviensis gen. et sp. nov. A phylogenetic analysis clusters K. boliviensis together with the armadillo subfamily Tolypeutinae. These skulls document an early spotty occurrence for the Tolypeutinae at 26 Ma, in agreement with the temporal predictions of previous molecular studies. The fossil record of tolypeutines is now characterized by a unique occurrence in the Late Oligocene, and a subsequent 12 Myr lack in the fossil record. It is noteworthy that the tolypeutines remain decidedly marginal in the Late Palaeogene and Early Neogene deposits, whereas other cingulate groups diversify. Also, the anatomical phylogenetic analysis herein, which includes K. boliviensis , is congruent with recent molecular phylogenetic analyses. Kuntinaru boliviensis is the oldest confident calibration point available for the whole Cingulata.

scholarly journals ULASAN Kajian Filogenetika Molekuler dan Peranannya dalam Menyediakan Informasi Dasar untuk Meningkatkan Kualitas Sumber Genetik Anggrek

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 35 ◽  
Author(s):  
Topik Hidayat ◽  
Adi Pancoro
Keyword(s):  
Dna Sequences ◽  
Molecular Phylogenetics ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Biochemical Properties ◽  
Intergeneric Hybrids ◽  
Basic Knowledge ◽  
Phylogenetic Studies ◽  
Molecular Phylogenetic ◽  
Ornamental Crops

<p>Early information<br />resulted from molecular phylogenetic studies of many important<br />ornamental crops is often less attention to many<br />growers and farmers. Phylogenetics is one of the most preferable<br />method in systematics to reconstruct evolutionary<br />relationships of groups of biological organisms in order to<br />understand their biodiversities. This has been revolutionized<br />by DNA sequences data. In this method, a group of organisms<br />that shares many identical characteristics are considered<br />to be closely related; deriving from a common<br />ancestor and is assumed to have similar genetic patterns<br />and biochemical properties. By these basic principles,<br />molecular phylogenetics plays important roles in revealing a<br />basic knowledge on pattern of relationships to which<br />genetic resources can be improved. Over the past decade,<br />botanists have done several thousand phylogenetic analyses<br />based on molecular data of economically and horticulturally<br />important crops. Orchids are the best example for this.<br />There is no doubt that most orchid plants had played roles in<br />horticulture and hybridization. At present, many infrageneric<br />and intergeneric hybrids are available commercially. Successful<br />hybridization can be achieved if two or more individual<br />plants understudy are closely related in respect to their<br />genetics and evolution.</p>

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