Two new species of Dacrydium (Podocarpaceae) based on vegetative fossils from middle eocene sediments at Nelly Creek, South Australia

2001 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 193 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert S. Hill ◽  
David C. Christophel
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Water Availability ◽  
Middle Eocene ◽  
South Australia ◽  
South Eastern ◽  
Early Oligocene ◽  
Eastern Australia ◽  
Two New Species ◽  
Central Australia ◽  
South Eastern Australia

Two new macrofossil species of Dacrydium (Podocarpaceae), D. fimbriatus (with dimorphic foliage) and D. mucronatus, are described from Middle Eocene sediments at Nelly Creek just south of Lake Eyre South. These species extend the number of Dacrydium macrofossil species from four to six, the macrofossil range from south-eastern to central Australia and the earliest macrofossil record of the genus from the Early Oligocene to Middle Eocene. On the basis of the low numbers and poor development of epiphyllous germlings, these species were probably growing in a region where water availability was reduced compared with Paleogene sites in south-eastern Australia, but the morphology of the foliage does not reflect that.

Falcatifolium (Podocarpaceae) macrofossils from paleogene sediments in south-eastern Australia: a reassessment

1998 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 711 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert S. Hill ◽  
Leonie J. Scriven
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Morphology ◽  
Middle Eocene ◽  
Late Eocene ◽  
South Eastern ◽  
Early Oligocene ◽  
Extant Species ◽  
Eastern Australia ◽  
South Eastern Australia

A re-investigation of macrofossils previously referred to the extantpodocarpaceous genus Falcatifolium Laubenfels shows thatno records can be sustained. Falcatifolium australisD.R.Greenwood from Middle Eocene sediments in Victoria bears littleresemblance to extant species in the genus and is transferred to the newfossil genus Sigmaphyllum R.S.Hill & L.J.Scriven.Specimens from Early Oligocene sediments in Tasmania previously assigned toFalcatifolium are described as a second species ofSigmaphyllum, S. tasmanensisR.S.Hill & L.J.Scriven, and specimens from mid to late Eocene sediments inTasmania previously assigned to Falcatifolium do notbelong to that genus, although their true generic affinities are uncertain.Dispersed cuticle specimens from Late Eocene–Oligocene sediments inSouth Australia referred to Falcatifolium are notreliable records of the genus and require further investigation. However,Dacrycarpus eocenica D.R.Greenwood, from Middle Eocenesediments in Victoria is transferred to Falcatifolium,and is similar to the extant species F. angustumLaubenfels, which has a leaf morphology unusual for the genus.Falcatifolium eocenica (D.R.Greenwood) R.S.Hill & L.J.Scriven is the only reliable record of the genus in the Australian fossilrecord to date.

Triaina, a new genus in the Janirellidae Menzies, 1956 (Crustacea: Isopoda: Asellota), with two new species from south-eastern Australia, and a new diagnosis for the family

Zootaxa ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 1980 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
JEAN JUST
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
New Genus ◽  
Depth Range ◽  
Diverse Range ◽  
South Eastern ◽  
Eastern Australia ◽  
The Family ◽  
Two New Species ◽  
New Diagnosis ◽  
South Eastern Australia

The varying concepts of Janirellidae Menzies, 1956 are outlined, including its rejection by several authors. The view of Wilson and Wägele of Janirellidae being a valid family comprising Janirella Bonnier, 1896 and presumably Dactylostylis Richardson, 1911 (= Spinianirella Menzies, 1962) is accepted. Diagnoses of the Janirellidae subsequent to Menzies’ original one were based on the inclusion of a diverse range of genera now recognised as not belonging in that family. A new diagnosis of Janirellidae is presented based on the inclusion of Janirella, Dactylostylis, and a new genus Triaina with two new species, T. isodonte and T. makridonte, from south-eastern Australia. The latter species represents the shallowest record (80 m) of the otherwise predominantly deep-water family. All species in the family are listed in an appendix, with area of type locality and depth range.

Australasian truffle-like fungi. X. Gymnopaxillus (Basidiomycota, Austropaxillaceae)

2001 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 273 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew W. Claridge ◽  
James M. Trappe ◽  
Michael A. Castellano
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Molecular Phylogeny ◽  
Southern Hemisphere ◽  
South Eastern ◽  
Eastern Australia ◽  
Golden Yellow ◽  
Two New Species ◽  
Generic Description ◽  
South Eastern Australia

The genus Gymnopaxillus, previously known only from Chile and Argentina, has been found in south-eastern Australia. Two new species, G. nudus and G. vestitus, are described, and the generic description is emended to include hypogeous species with bilaterally symmetric spores and a peridium. Gymnopaxillus spp. are characterised by a yellow to golden-brown, bright cinnamon or ferruginous, loculate, columella-bearing gleba containing boletoid spores that appear vivid golden-yellow in KOH. Molecular phylogeny indicates that the genus is related to the Southern Hemisphere ectomycorrhizal genus Austropaxillus rather than to Paxillus and is placed in the Austropaxillaceae.

Evolution of Acmopyle and Dacrycarpus (Podocarpaceae) foliage as inferred from macrofossils in south-eastern Australia

1991 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 449 ◽  
Author(s):  
RS Hill ◽  
RJ Carpenter
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Climatic Change ◽  
Convergent Evolution ◽  
Leaf Size ◽  
High Latitudes ◽  
South Eastern ◽  
Early Oligocene ◽  
Eastern Australia ◽  
A New Species ◽  
South Eastern Australia

Macrofossil specimens of Dacrycarpus and Acmopyle from south-eastern Australia are investigated. The specimens previously assigned to D. praecupressinus are revised, with one placed in a different genus and new species, Podocarpus witherdenensis, and some placed in a new species, D. latrobensis. One specimen is retained as the lectotype of D. praecupressinus. Dacrycarpus eocenica is re-examined and it is concluded that this species is not Dacrycarpus, but probably belongs to an extinct podocarpaceous genus. Dacrycarpus setiger is transferred to Acmopyle, and three new Acmopyle species, A. florinii, A. glabra and A. tasmanica, are described. It is hypothesised that during the Tertiary in south-eastern Australia stomatal distribution was reduced on Dacrycarpus and Acmopyle foliage. In Dacrycarpus the bilaterally flattened foliage type (which has a greater photosynthetic area than the bifacially flattened foliage) became rare or extinct after the Early Oligocene, prior to the extinction of the genus in the region. Acmopyle has not been recorded in the region after the Early Oligocene. A trend towards reduction in leaf size at high latitudes has previously been demonstrated in angiosperms but not gymnosperms and, along with the reduction of stomatal distribution, probably represents convergent evolution in response to climatic change.

Agathis (Araucariaceae) macrofossils from Cainozoic sediments in south-eastern Australia

2008 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 162 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert S. Hill ◽  
Tom Lewis ◽  
Raymond J. Carpenter ◽  
Sung Soo Whang
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
New Species ◽  
Intraspecific Variation ◽  
South Eastern ◽  
Leaf Cuticle ◽  
Late Paleocene ◽  
Eastern Australia ◽  
Two New Species ◽  
South Eastern Australia

Organically preserved Cainozoic leaf fossils previously referred to Agathis are re-examined, and in all cases their affinity with that genus is confirmed. Previously undescribed organically preserved leaf fossils from several Cainozoic sites in south-eastern Australia are compared with Agathis and Wollemia and two new species of Agathis are described. Intraspecific variation in leaf cuticle morphology is examined in extant A. macrophylla in particular, and is found to be much higher than previously recorded. This makes assignment of fossil Agathis leaves to species difficult, especially when only leaf fragments are available. The new fossils extend the record of organically preserved Agathis macro-remains back to the Late Paleocene, but do not significantly extend the known spatial distribution.

The water mite genus Aspidiobates Lundblad, 1941 from Australia (Acari: Hydrachnidia: Hygrobatidae) with the description of two new species

Zootaxa ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 4550 (1) ◽  
pp. 115
Author(s):  
HARRY SMIT
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
New Records ◽  
Water Mite ◽  
South Eastern ◽  
Eastern Australia ◽  
Two New Species ◽  
Mite Genus ◽  
South Eastern Australia

Two new species of the water mite genus Aspidiobates are described from Queensland, Australia, i.e. A. imperfectus n. sp. and A. neogeometricus n. sp. Many new records are given for eastern and south-eastern Australia. Finally, a key is provided for all Australian Aspidiobates species. 

Xenosellidae, a new family of Janiroidea (Asellota: Isopoda:  Crustacea), for Xenosella coxospinosa gen. nov., sp. nov.,  from the marine bathyal of eastern Australia

Zootaxa ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 1085 (1) ◽  
pp. 21 ◽  
Author(s):  
JEAN JUST
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Body Shape ◽  
New Genus ◽  
New Genus And Species ◽  
South Eastern ◽  
Incertae Sedis ◽  
New Family ◽  
Eastern Australia ◽  
Similar Body ◽  
South Eastern Australia

A new genus and species of janiroidean Asellota, Xenosella coxospinosa, is described from the mid-bathyal slope off the coast of south-eastern Australia. Following a comparison of the new species to several families of broadly similar body shape, with emphasis on monotypic Pleurocopidae, a new family, Xenosellidae, is proposed for the new species. In the course of comparing relevant taxa, the current placements of Prethura Kensley in the Santiidae and Salvatiella Müller in the Munnidae are rejected. The two genera are considered to be incertae sedis within the Asellota superfamily Janiroidea pending further studies.

Survival and biomass of exotic earthworms, Aporrectodea spp. (Lumbricidae), when introduced to pastures in south-eastern Australia

1999 ◽  
Vol 50 (7) ◽  
pp. 1233 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. H. Baker ◽  
P. J. Carter ◽  
V. J. Barrett
Keyword(s):  
South Australia ◽  
Clay Content ◽  
Total Biomass ◽  
Soil P ◽  
South Eastern ◽  
Inoculation Density ◽  
Eastern Australia ◽  
Exotic Earthworms ◽  
Soil Clay Content ◽  
South Eastern Australia

The earthworm fauna of pastures in south-eastern Australia is dominated by exotic lumbricid earthworms, in particular the endogeic species, Aporrectodea caliginosa and A. trapezoides. Anecic species such as A. longa are very rare. All 3 species were introduced within cages in 10 pastures on a range of soil types within the region. Five months later, A. longa had generally survived the best and A. trapezoides the worst. The survivals and weights of individual worms varied between sites for all 3 species. The survivals of A. caliginosa and A. longa, and to a lesser extent A. trapezoides, were positively correlated with soil clay content. The weights of A. caliginosa and A. longa, but not A. trapezoides, were positively correlated with soil P content. The survivals and weights of A. longa and A. trapezoides and the weights only of A. caliginosa decreased with increasing inoculation density, suggesting increased intraspecific competition for resources, particularly in the first two species. A. longa reduced the abundance and biomass of the exotic acanthodrilid earthworm, Microscolex dubius, at one site, and the total biomass of 3 native megascolecid species at another, when these latter species occurred as contaminants in A. longa cages. The addition of lime had no effect on the survivals and weights of A. caliginosa, A. longa, and A. trapezoides, although the soils were acid at the sites tested. The addition of sheep dung increased the survival and weights of some species at some sites. Mechanical disturbance of the soil within cages reduced the survivals of A. longa and A. trapezoides. A. longa was released without being caged at 25 sites within one pasture in South Australia. Four years later, it was recovered at all release points. A. longa has the potential to colonise pastures widely throughout the higher rainfall regions of south-eastern Australia.

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