72 Environmental conditions can modulate the gene expression of embryo from primiparous beef cows

2022 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 272
Author(s):  
A. P. Lemes ◽  
P. K. Fontes ◽  
M. F. G. Nogueira ◽  
Y. F. Watanabe ◽  
A. R. Garcia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Beef Cows

scholarly journals Temporal changes in DNA methylation and RNA expression in a small song bird: within- and between-tissue comparisons

BMC Genomics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Melanie Lindner ◽  
Irene Verhagen ◽  
Heidi M. Viitaniemi ◽  
Veronika N. Laine ◽  
Marcel E. Visser ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Dna Methylation ◽  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Brain Regions ◽  
Temporal Changes ◽  
Egg Laying ◽  
Gene Body ◽  
Cpg Site ◽  
Repeated Sampling ◽  
Over Time

Abstract Background DNA methylation is likely a key mechanism regulating changes in gene transcription in traits that show temporal fluctuations in response to environmental conditions. To understand the transcriptional role of DNA methylation we need simultaneous within-individual assessment of methylation changes and gene expression changes over time. Within-individual repeated sampling of tissues, which are essential for trait expression is, however, unfeasible (e.g. specific brain regions, liver and ovary for reproductive timing). Here, we explore to what extend between-individual changes in DNA methylation in a tissue accessible for repeated sampling (red blood cells (RBCs)) reflect such patterns in a tissue unavailable for repeated sampling (liver) and how these DNA methylation patterns are associated with gene expression in such inaccessible tissues (hypothalamus, ovary and liver). For this, 18 great tit (Parus major) females were sacrificed at three time points (n = 6 per time point) throughout the pre-laying and egg-laying period and their blood, hypothalamus, ovary and liver were sampled. Results We simultaneously assessed DNA methylation changes (via reduced representation bisulfite sequencing) and changes in gene expression (via RNA-seq and qPCR) over time. In general, we found a positive correlation between changes in CpG site methylation in RBCs and liver across timepoints. For CpG sites in close proximity to the transcription start site, an increase in RBC methylation over time was associated with a decrease in the expression of the associated gene in the ovary. In contrast, no such association with gene expression was found for CpG site methylation within the gene body or the 10 kb up- and downstream regions adjacent to the gene body. Conclusion Temporal changes in DNA methylation are largely tissue-general, indicating that changes in RBC methylation can reflect changes in DNA methylation in other, often less accessible, tissues such as the liver in our case. However, associations between temporal changes in DNA methylation with changes in gene expression are mostly tissue- and genomic location-dependent. The observation that temporal changes in DNA methylation within RBCs can relate to changes in gene expression in less accessible tissues is important for a better understanding of how environmental conditions shape traits that temporally change in expression in wild populations.

scholarly journals Day-night and seasonal variation of human gene expression across tissues

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Valentin Wucher ◽  
Reza Sodaei ◽  
Raziel Amador ◽  
Manuel Irimia ◽  
Roderic Guigó
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Seasonal Variation ◽  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Clock Genes ◽  
Human Gene ◽  
Human Tissues ◽  
Thoracic Cavity ◽  
Physiological Changes ◽  
Circannual Cycles ◽  
Transcriptomic Changes

AbstractCircadian and circannual cycles trigger physiological changes whose reflection on human transcriptomes remains largely uncharted. We used the time and season of death of 932 individuals from GTEx to jointly investigate transcriptomic changes associated with those cycles across multiple tissues. For most tissues, we found little overlap between genes changing expression during day-night and among seasons. Although all tissues remodeled their transcriptomes, brain and gonadal tissues exhibited the highest seasonality, whereas those in the thoracic cavity showed stronger day-night regulation. Core clock genes displayed marked day-night differences across multiple tissues, which were largely conserved in baboon and mouse, but adapted to their nocturnal or diurnal habits. Seasonal variation of expression affected multiple pathways and were enriched among genes associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection. Furthermore, they unveiled cytoarchitectural changes in brain subregions. Altogether, our results provide the first combined atlas of how transcriptomes from human tissues adapt to major cycling environmental conditions.

scholarly journals Tec1p-Independent Activation of a Hypha-Associated Candida albicans Virulence Gene during Infection

2004 ◽  
Vol 72 (4) ◽  
pp. 2386-2389 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Staib ◽  
Ayfer Binder ◽  
Marianne Kretschmar ◽  
Thomas Nichterlein ◽  
Klaus Schröppel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Transcription Factor ◽  
Candida Albicans ◽  
Animal Models ◽  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Deletion Mutant ◽  
Virulence Gene ◽  
Consensus Sequences ◽  
Site Consensus

ABSTRACT The Tec1p transcription factor is involved in the expression of hypha-specific genes in Candida albicans. Although the induction of the hypha-associated SAP5 gene by serum in vitro depends on Tec1p, deletion of all Tec1p binding site consensus sequences from the SAP5 promoter did not affect its activation. In two different animal models of candidiasis, the SAP5 promoter was induced even in a Δtec1 deletion mutant, demonstrating that the requirement for Tec1p in gene expression in C. albicans depends on the environmental conditions within the host.

279. Expression of oestrogen receptor-α and modulators of steroid receptor signalling, proline-rich nuclear receptor-2 and peptidylprolyl isomerade-D, in the hypothalamus of suckled and weaned postpartum beef cows

2008 ◽  
Vol 20 (9) ◽  
pp. 79
Author(s):  
T. Flatscher-Bader ◽  
A. H. M. Suhaimi ◽  
SA Lehnert ◽  
A. Reverter ◽  
W. Barris ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Nuclear Receptor ◽  
Oestrogen Receptor ◽  
Arcuate Nucleus ◽  
Gene Clusters ◽  
Steroid Receptor ◽  
Beef Cows ◽  
Hypothalamic Nucleus ◽  
Receptor Signalling ◽  
Oestrogen Receptor Α

The aim was to characterise gene expression in the hypothalamus of suckled and weaned postpartum beef cows. The hypothalamus was obtained at slaughter from 12 primiparous Brahman cows (Zebu, Bos indicus) at 27 and 34 days postpartum. Six cows were weaned 7 days or 14 days before slaughter. Hypothalamic regions used for gene expression were: H1 (SC-POA, APVN, anterior hypothalamic nucleus, anterior portion of the arcuate nucleus, nearby areas of the diagonal band of Broca, and medial septum); H2 (basal hypothalamus-median eminence, ventromedial hypothalamus, posterior portion of the arcuate nucleus, and anterior part of the mammillary body). Gene expression was determined using the Agilent bovine 44k DNA microarray and differential expression (DE) was ascertained by mixed model analysis. A total of 122 genes were DE in H1 and 84 genes were DE in H2; 41 DE genes were common to H1 and H2. Functional clustering of DE genes using DAVID (www.david.abcc.ncifcrf.gov) revealed DE gene clusters in H1 associated with signalling events and ion binding, and DE gene clusters in H2 associated with hormone activity and ligand-receptor interactions. Of the DE genes, ~25% were linked with oestrogen signalling. This included oestrogen receptor-α (ESR1) that showed lower DE in H2 for weaned cows. Two modulators of steroid receptor signalling, proline-rich nuclear receptor coactivator-2 (PNRC2)1 and peptidylprolyl isomerase D (PPID)2, showed altered expression. In weaned cows, expression level of PNRC2 was lower in H1 and H2, while that of PPID was decreased in H1. The overlapped hypothalamic regions H1 and H2 are known to contain GnRH neuron terminals and kisspeptin neurons. Weaning promotes the resumption of cyclic ovarian function in postpartum cows, and the similar shifts in DE of ESR1, PNRC2 and PPID provided further evidence of a role for oestradiol at the hypothalamus in regulating postpartum reproduction. (1) Zhou D et al. 2006 Nucleic Acids Res 34:5974–86 (2) Kumar P et al. 2001 Biochem Biophys Res Commun 284:219–25

scholarly journals Evaluation of Reference Genes to Analyze Gene Expression in Silverside Odontesthes humensis Under Different Environmental Conditions

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tony L. R. Silveira ◽  
William B. Domingues ◽  
Mariana H. Remião ◽  
Lucas Santos ◽  
Bruna Barreto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Reference Genes

Evaluation of NRC (2000) model energy requirement and DMI equation accuracy and precision for wintering beef cows in western Canada

2010 ◽  
Vol 90 (2) ◽  
pp. 245-258 ◽  
Author(s):  
H C Block ◽  
J L Bourne ◽  
H A Lardner ◽  
J J McKinnon
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Energy Requirement ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
National Research Council ◽  
Beef Cows ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Second Trimester ◽  
Third Trimester ◽  
Nutrient Analysis ◽  
Accuracy And Precision

Three years of winter feeding trials using 90 Angus cows (15 pens of six cows) fed typical western Canadian wintering diets formulated to stage of pregnancy were used to evaluate National Research Council (NRC 2000) energy requirement and dry matter intake (DMI) equation accuracy and precision. Data collection included pen DMI, individual cow weights, body condition scores, calving dates and weights, and daily environmental temperature. Diet energy density was estimated from nutrient analysis of composited weekly feed samples. Equation evaluations compared observed and predicted DMI and conceptus corrected average daily gain (ADG) for the second and third trimesters using regression, means comparison, concordance correlation coefficient (CCC), and total deviation index (TDI) methods. Across all 3 yr, second trimester DMI was over-predicted (P < 0.01) with low precision (CCC = 0.24, TDI90 = n/a) using actual environmental conditions, but not (P = 0.34) when assuming thermal neutral (TN) conditions, although precision remained low (CCC = 0.25, TDI90 = 1.91 kg d-1). Third trimester DMI over the 3 yr was also over-predicted (P < 0.01) with low precision (CCC = 0.12, TDI90 = 1.57 kg d-1) using actual environmental conditions, but was largely under-predicted (P < 0.01) with lower precision (CCC = -0.01, TDI90 = 2.34 kg d-1) when assuming TN conditions. Across all 3 yr, second trimester ADG was largely under-predicted (P < 0.01) with low precision (CCC = 0.50, TDI90 = 0.58 kg) using actual environmental conditions, but over-predicted (P < 0.01) with similar precision (CCC = 0.51, TDI90 = 0.50 kg) when assuming TN conditions. Third trimester ADG predictions using actual environmental conditions were inaccurate (P < 0.01) with low precision (CCC = 0.20, TDI90 = 0.38 kg) using actual conditions and lower precision (CCC = -0.01, TDI90 = n/a) when assuming TN conditions where ADG was over-predicted (P < 0.01). These results indicate a lack of accuracy and precision with the current NRC (2000) model energy requirement and DMI equations that was not addressed by assuming TN conditions. Future research should be targeted at alternate DMI equations and refinements to maintenance and gain requirements.Key words: NRC evaluation, nutrient requirements, wintering beef cows

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