120 High variation in prediction of developmental competence of bovine oocytes based on visual examination

2021 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 168
Author(s):  
A. Raes ◽  
O. B. Pascottini ◽  
G. Opsomer ◽  
A. van Soom
Keyword(s):  
Positive Predictive Value ◽  
Production System ◽  
Predictive Value ◽  
Interobserver Agreement ◽  
Developmental Competence ◽  
Intraobserver Agreement ◽  
Visual Examination ◽  
Group Culture ◽  
Stringent Selection ◽  
Oocyte Selection

The quality of an oocyte is often represented by its morphological characteristics. Stringent selection of bovine cumulus–oocyte complexes (COCs) for invitro embryo production (IVP) is regularly based on parameters such as colour and granulation of the ooplasm, density of the surrounding cumulus cells, brightness of the zona pellucida, among other less common parameters. The link between developmental competence and morphology of the COC has been demonstrated in literature in group culture system. However, this has not been yet examined in an individual invitro production system. This study investigates the ability of IVP researchers to predict whether an oocyte will develop into a blastocyst at Day 8 of invitro culture in an individual production system. A set of 29 pictures of immature bovine COCs was presented in duplicates to eight bovine IVP researchers with different institutional backgrounds. The observers were asked if they would select each oocyte for further IVP processing, assuming that only the oocytes with the highest developmental potential can proceed, and thus a stringent selection is warranted. These 29 immature oocytes were matured, fertilized, and cultured individually invitro (using conventional methods) so that their ability to develop into a blastocyst at Day 8 post-fertilization was known. The ability to reach the blastocyst stage was stated as the gold standard and compared with the answers of the observers using kappa statistics and sensitivity (Se) and specificity (Sp) tests. Kappa (κ) for interobserver agreement was κ=0.01 (Se=50%, Sp=53%; positive predictive value=14%, negative predictive value=87%) with 50% accuracy of prediction. The intraobserver agreement was κ=0.69, with κ=1 referring to 100% agreement (Se=87%, Sp=83%), with an accuracy of 85%. The ability of trained embryologists to predict the fate of oocytes’ developmental competence was accurate for only half of the presented oocytes. Additionally, the proportion of false positive (1 − Sp) and false negative (1−Se) predictions was equally distributed. The low positive predictive value might be due to the lower development rates in individual culture systems versus group culture systems, whereas observers are mainly trained to select oocytes for group culture. This study demonstrated the subjective nature of the oocyte selection process that is based on visual examination of COC morphology because interobserver agreement was almost nonexistent. Interpretation of the morphology within an observer remains consequent, represented by the high intraobserver agreement. Consequently, there is a need to develop a new model for the objective determination of oocyte quality for individual IVP. The implementation of machine learning algorithms could objectively enhance oocyte selection and artificial reproductive technologies in extension.

Multislice computed tomography angiography screening for new aneurysms in patients with previously clip-treated intracranial aneurysms: feasibility, positive predictive value, and interobserver agreement

2006 ◽  
Vol 105 (5) ◽  
pp. 682-688 ◽  
Author(s):  
Irene C. van der Schaaf ◽  
Birgitta K. Velthuis ◽  
Marieke J. H. Wermer ◽  
Nanne J. Frenkel ◽  
Charles B. L. M. Majoie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Positive Predictive Value ◽  
Ct Angiography ◽  
Predictive Value ◽  
False Positive ◽  
Intracranial Aneurysms ◽  
Multislice Computed Tomography ◽  
Interobserver Agreement ◽  
False Negative ◽  
Titanium Clips

Object Multislice computed tomography (CT) angiography may be useful for screening patients with intracranial aneurysms that are treated with clip occlusion. However, cobalt clips produce much more artifact on CT scans than titanium clips, which may hamper the evaluation of the image obtained at the clip site. Methods The authors screened 415 patients with previously ruptured aneurysms that had been treated using cobalt clips. Screening was performed using multislice CT angiography. The feasibility of this modality for screening these patients (based on the complication risk, CT angiography quality, and artifact avoidance) and interobserver agreement were evaluated. Patients in whom the presence of an aneurysm was suspected based on results of CT angiography studies underwent digital subtraction (DS) angiography. False-negative and false-positive findings were recorded, and the positive predictive value (PPV) was calculated. Eight patients (1.9%) had allergies to the contrast material. The quality of the CT angiography image was suboptimal in 14%. In 52%, clip artifacts hampered evaluation of the clip site. In 65 patients who underwent DS angiography, there were nine false-positive and eight false-negative reports related to aneurysms that were either small, located at the clip site, or were infundibula. The PPV on a per-patient basis was 86% (95% confidence interval [CI] 75–94%); for aneurysms at the clip site it was 83% (95% CI 61–95%); and for aneurysms at different locations it was 91% (95% CI 81–97%). The interobserver agreement was good (κ = 0.69; 95% CI 0.60–0.78). Conclusions Except for the evaluation of images from the clip site, CT angiography has good feasibility with good PPV and interobserver agreement. Drawbacks are that very small aneurysms can be missed and that visualization is poor at the clip site in patients in whom cobalt clips have been placed for occlusion. This second problem can be expected to resolve with the increasing use of titanium clips.

207 DEVELOPMENT OF A ROUTINE IN VITRO EMBRYO PRODUCTION SYSTEM USING SINGLY IN VITRO-MATURED, FERTILIZED, AND CULTURED BOVINE OOCYTES

2009 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 201
Author(s):  
I. G. F. Goovaerts ◽  
J. L. M. R. Leroy ◽  
J. B. P. De Clercq ◽  
S. Andries ◽  
P. E. J. Bols
Keyword(s):  
Production System ◽  
Cumulus Cell ◽  
Developmental Competence ◽  
Control Individual ◽  
Embryo Production ◽  
Group Culture ◽  
In Vitro Embryo Production ◽  
Bovine Oocytes ◽  
Hatching Rates

An in vitro embryo production system (IVP), in which a single oocyte can be tracked from the moment of retrieval up to the blastocyst stage, would be a valuable tool for studies linking developmental competence and embryo metabolism to oocyte quality and follicular environment. Unfortunately, to date, data on individual IVP are inconsistent, and in most cases show unsatisfactory blastocyst rates. Earlier studies revealed that individual culture on a cumulus cell (CC) monolayer resulted in comparable numbers of good-quality embryos as obtained after regular group culture (Goovaerts et al. 2008 Reprod. Dom. Anim. 43 (Suppl. 3), 190). Because, in the latter study, single culture was performed after group maturation and fertilization, the aim of this study was to develop and test an individual IVP system using bovine oocytes or zygotes obtained after single maturation and single fertilization. Therefore, 532 grade I COC from slaughterhouse ovaries (3 replicates) were randomly assigned to 1 of 2 treatments: a complete individual IVP protocol, or a routine group IVP as a control. Individual maturation (TCM-199 + 20% serum) and fertilization were performed in 20-μL droplets under oil in 24-well plates. Subsequently, each zygote was cultured in 20 μL of medium (SOF + 5% serum, 90% N2, 5% CO2, 5% O2) on a 6-day-old monolayer of matured CC (5% CO2 in air). Group maturation and fertilization were carried out per 100 COC in 500 μL, whereas group culture was performed per 25 zygotes in 50-μL droplets under oil. Cleavage, blastocyst, and hatching rates were assessed 2, 8, and 10 days postfertilization, respectively. Possible effects of individual and group culture were evaluated with binary logistic regression (SPSS 15.0). No interactions between replicate and treatment could be found (P > 0.05). Cleavage and blastocyst rates were significantly lower after individual IVP, compared with group IVP, whereas the blastocyst rates on cleaved zygotes and the hatching rates did not differ significantly (Table 1). In conclusion, acceptable blastocyst rates (25.1%) could be obtained after individual IVP. The lower blastocyst rates were associated with the lower cleavage rates, and no effect of the individual embryo culture system on embryo development could be found. Table 1.Cleavage, blastocyst, and hatching rates after individual and group in vitro embryo production (IVP)

Diagnosis of cerebral hemorrhage before the era of computed tomography

2013 ◽  
Vol 154 (44) ◽  
pp. 1743-1746
Author(s):  
Gergely Hofgárt ◽  
Rita Szepesi ◽  
Bertalan Vámosi ◽  
László Csiba
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Cerebrospinal Fluid ◽  
Positive Predictive Value ◽  
Predictive Value ◽  
Hemorrhagic Stroke ◽  
Cranial Computed Tomography ◽  
Cerebral Stroke ◽  
Daily Routine ◽  
Stroke Patients ◽  
The Difference

Introduction: During the past decades there has been a great progress in neuroimaging methods. Cranial computed tomography is part of the daily routine now and its use allows a fast diagnosis of parenchymal hemorrhage. However, before the availability of computed tomography the differentiation between ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke was based on patient history, physical examination, percutan angiography and cerebrospinal fluid sampling, and the clinical utility could be evaluated by autopsy of deceased patients. Aim: The authors explored the diagnostic performance of cerebrospinal fluid examination for the diagnosis of ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke. Method: Data of 200 deceased stroke patients were retrospectively evaluated. All patients had liquor sampling at admission and all of them had brain autopsy. Results: Bloody or yellowish cerebrospinal fluid at admission had a positive predictive value of 87.5% for hemorrhagic stroke confirmed by autopsy, while clear cerebrospinal fluid had positive predictive value of 90.7% for ischemic stroke. Patients who had clear liquor, but autopsy revealed hemorrhagic stroke had higher protein level in the cerebrospinal fluid, but the difference was not statistically significant (p = 0.09). Conclusions: The results confirm the importance of pathological evaluation of the brain in cases deceased from cerebral stroke. With this article the authors wanted to salute for those who contributed to the development of the Hungarian neuropathology. In this year we remember the 110th anniversary of the birth, and the 60th anniversary of the death of professor Kálmán Sántha. Professor László Molnár would be 90 years old in 2013. Orv. Hetil., 154 (44), 1743–1746.

VALUE OF COMBINATION OF HAP SCORE AND BISAP SCORE IN PREDICTING SEVERITY IN PATIENTS OF ACUTE PANCREATITIS

2019 ◽  
pp. 96-100
Author(s):  
Thi Ngoc Suong Le ◽  
Pham Chi Tran ◽  
Van Huy Tran
Keyword(s):  
Acute Pancreatitis ◽  
Positive Predictive Value ◽  
Roc Curve ◽  
Predictive Value ◽  
Prognostic Value ◽  
Acute Inflammation ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
Multiple Organ ◽  
Central Hospital

Acute pancreatitis (AP) is an acute inflammation of the pancreas, usually occurs suddenly with a variety of clinical symptoms, complications of multiple organ failure and high mortality rates. Objectives: To determine the value of combination of HAP score and BISAP score in predicting the severity of acute pancreatitis of the Atlanta 2012 Classification. Patients and Methods: 75 patients of acute pancreatitis hospitalized at Hue Central Hospital between March 2017 and July 2018; HAP and BISHAP score is calculated within the first 24 hours. The severity of AP was classified by the revised Atlanta criteria 2012. Results: When combining the HAP and BISAP scores in predicting the severity of acute pancreatitis, the area under the ROC curve was 0,923 with sensitivity value was 66.7%, specificity value was 97.1%; positive predictive value was 66.7%, negative predictive value was 97.1%. Conclusion: The combination of HAP and BISAP scores increased the sensitivity, predictive value, and prognostic value in predicting the severity of acute pancreatitis of the revised Atlanta 2012 classification in compare to each single scores. Key words: HAPscore, BiSAP score, acute pancreatitis, predicting severity

scholarly journals Accuracy of MSCT Coronary Angiography with 64 Row CT Scanner—Facing the Facts

2010 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
pp. CMC.S3864 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Wehrschuetz ◽  
E. Wehrschuetz ◽  
H. Schuchlenz ◽  
G. Schaffler
Keyword(s):  
Coronary Artery Disease ◽  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Coronary Angiography ◽  
Positive Predictive Value ◽  
Diagnostic Accuracy ◽  
Predictive Value ◽  
Diagnostic Potential ◽  
Coronary Artery Stenoses ◽  
Artery Disease ◽  
Msct Angiography

Improvements in multislice computed tomography (MSCT) angiography of the coronary vessels have enabled the minimally invasive detection of coronary artery stenoses, while quantitative coronary angiography (QCA) is the accepted reference standard for evaluation thereof. Sixteen-slice MSCT showed promising diagnostic accuracy in detecting coronary artery stenoses haemodynamically and the subsequent introduction of 64-slice scanners promised excellent and fast results for coronary artery studies. This prompted us to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, and the negative und positive predictive value of 64-slice MSCT in the detection of haemodynamically significant coronary artery stenoses. Thirty-seven consecutive subjects with suspected coronary artery disease were evaluated with MSCT angiography and the results compared with QCA. All vessels were considered for the assessment of significant coronary artery stenosis (diameter reduction ≥ 50%). Thirteen patients (35%) were identified as having significant coronary artery stenoses on QCA with 6.3% (35/555) affected segments. None of the coronary segments were excluded from analysis. Overall sensitivity for classifying stenoses of 64-slice MSCT was 69%, specificity was 92%, positive predictive value was 38% and negative predictive value was 98%. The interobserver variability for detection of significant lesions had a κ-value of 0.43. Sixty-four-slice MSCT offers the diagnostic potential to detect coronary artery disease, to quantify haemodynamically significant coronary artery stenoses and to avoid unnecessary invasive coronary artery examinations.

scholarly journals Added value of diffusion-weighted MRI in assessment of pleural lesions

2021 ◽  
Vol 52 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Youssriah Yahia Sabri ◽  
Ikram Hamed Mahmoud ◽  
Lamis Tarek El-Gendy ◽  
Mohamed Raafat Abd El-Mageed ◽  
Sally Fouad Tadros
Keyword(s):  
Positive Predictive Value ◽  
Negative Predictive Value ◽  
Predictive Value ◽  
Diagnostic Value ◽  
Added Value ◽  
Adc Value ◽  
Pleural Diseases ◽  
Conventional Mri ◽  
Malignant Lesions

Abstract Background There are many causes of pleural disease including variable benign and malignant etiologies. DWI is a non-enhanced functional MRI technique that allows qualitative and quantitative characterization of tissues based on their water molecules diffusivity. The aim of this study was to evaluate the diagnostic value of DWI-MRI in detection and characterization of pleural diseases and its capability in differentiating benign from malignant pleural lesions. Results Conventional MRI was able to discriminate benign from malignant lesions by using morphological features (contour and thickness) with sensitivity 89.29%, specificity 76%, positive predictive value 89%, negative predictive value 76.92%, and accuracy 85.37%. ADC value as a quantitative parameter of DWI found that ADC values of malignant pleural diseases were significantly lower than that of benign lesions (P < 0.001). Hence, we discovered that using ADC mean value of 1.68 × 10-3 mm2/s as a cutoff value can differentiate malignant from benign pleural diseases with sensitivity 89.3%, specificity 100%, positive predictive value 100%, negative predictive value 81.2%, and accuracy 92.68% (P < 0.001). Conclusion Although DWI-MRI is unable to differentiate between malignant and benign pleural effusion, its combined morphological and functional information provide valid non-invasive method to accurately characterize pleural soft tissue diseases differentiating benign from malignant lesions with higher specificity and accuracy than conventional MRI.

scholarly journals A machine learning approach for predicting suicidal thoughts and behaviours among college students

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Melissa Macalli ◽  
Marie Navarro ◽  
Massimiliano Orri ◽  
Marie Tournier ◽  
Rodolphe Thiébaut ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
College Students ◽  
Positive Predictive Value ◽  
Predictive Value ◽  
Screening Tools ◽  
Receiver Operating Curve ◽  
Depression Symptoms ◽  
Suicidal Thoughts ◽  
One Year

AbstractSuicidal thoughts and behaviours are prevalent among college students. Yet little is known about screening tools to identify students at higher risk. We aimed to develop a risk algorithm to identify the main predictors of suicidal thoughts and behaviours among college students within one-year of baseline assessment. We used data collected in 2013–2019 from the French i-Share cohort, a longitudinal population-based study including 5066 volunteer students. To predict suicidal thoughts and behaviours at follow-up, we used random forests models with 70 potential predictors measured at baseline, including sociodemographic and familial characteristics, mental health and substance use. Model performance was measured using the area under the receiver operating curve (AUC), sensitivity, and positive predictive value. At follow-up, 17.4% of girls and 16.8% of boys reported suicidal thoughts and behaviours. The models achieved good predictive performance: AUC, 0.8; sensitivity, 79% for girls, 81% for boys; and positive predictive value, 40% for girls and 36% for boys. Among the 70 potential predictors, four showed the highest predictive power: 12-month suicidal thoughts, trait anxiety, depression symptoms, and self-esteem. We identified a parsimonious set of mental health indicators that accurately predicted one-year suicidal thoughts and behaviours in a community sample of college students.

scholarly journals Use of SNP chips to detect rare pathogenic variants: retrospective, population based diagnostic evaluation

BMJ ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. n214
Author(s):  
Weedon MN ◽  
Jackson L ◽  
Harrison JW ◽  
Ruth KS ◽  
Tyrrell J ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Positive Predictive Value ◽  
Predictive Value ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Genome Project ◽  
Personal Genome ◽  
Uk Biobank ◽  
Sequencing Data ◽  
Snp Chip ◽  
Pathogenic Variants ◽  
The Uk

Abstract Objective To determine whether the sensitivity and specificity of SNP chips are adequate for detecting rare pathogenic variants in a clinically unselected population. Design Retrospective, population based diagnostic evaluation. Participants 49 908 people recruited to the UK Biobank with SNP chip and next generation sequencing data, and an additional 21 people who purchased consumer genetic tests and shared their data online via the Personal Genome Project. Main outcome measures Genotyping (that is, identification of the correct DNA base at a specific genomic location) using SNP chips versus sequencing, with results split by frequency of that genotype in the population. Rare pathogenic variants in the BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes were selected as an exemplar for detailed analysis of clinically actionable variants in the UK Biobank, and BRCA related cancers (breast, ovarian, prostate, and pancreatic) were assessed in participants through use of cancer registry data. Results Overall, genotyping using SNP chips performed well compared with sequencing; sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value were all above 99% for 108 574 common variants directly genotyped on the SNP chips and sequenced in the UK Biobank. However, the likelihood of a true positive result decreased dramatically with decreasing variant frequency; for variants that are very rare in the population, with a frequency below 0.001% in UK Biobank, the positive predictive value was very low and only 16% of 4757 heterozygous genotypes from the SNP chips were confirmed with sequencing data. Results were similar for SNP chip data from the Personal Genome Project, and 20/21 individuals analysed had at least one false positive rare pathogenic variant that had been incorrectly genotyped. For pathogenic variants in the BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes, which are individually very rare, the overall performance metrics for the SNP chips versus sequencing in the UK Biobank were: sensitivity 34.6%, specificity 98.3%, positive predictive value 4.2%, and negative predictive value 99.9%. Rates of BRCA related cancers in UK Biobank participants with a positive SNP chip result were similar to those for age matched controls (odds ratio 1.31, 95% confidence interval 0.99 to 1.71) because the vast majority of variants were false positives, whereas sequence positive participants had a significantly increased risk (odds ratio 4.05, 2.72 to 6.03). Conclusions SNP chips are extremely unreliable for genotyping very rare pathogenic variants and should not be used to guide health decisions without validation.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document