114 Short-term hormonal protocol efficiency either with or without equine chorionic gonadotrophin to promote oestrous synchronization in cyclic dairy goats

2021 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 165
Author(s):  
V. L. Brair ◽  
A. B. P. Andrade ◽  
M. C. C. Morais ◽  
P. S. C. Rangel ◽  
M. E. F. Oliveira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chorionic Gonadotrophin ◽  
Dairy Goats ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Exact Test ◽  
Ovulatory Follicle ◽  
Chi Squared ◽  
Student’S T ◽  
Equine Welfare ◽  
Levene Test ◽  
Student’S T Test

The use of equine chorionic gonadotrophin (eCG) in oestrous induction protocols is associated with antibody production against eCG. Moreover, there are important equine welfare issues involved in its production and the development of viable protocols without eCG in dairy goats is essential. The aim of this study was to assess oestrus and ovulatory responses of short-term oestrous synchronization protocol with or without eCG in nulliparous (NUL) and multiparous (MUL) dairy goats during the breeding season. On a random day of oestrous cycle (Day 0), Alpine (n=10 NUL and 10 MUL), Nubian (n=10 NUL and 10 MUL), and Saanen (n=10 NUL and 6 MUL) goats received 30μg of d-cloprostenol intramuscularly (IM) and an intravaginal sponge containing 60mg of medroxyprogesterone acetate, which was maintained for 6 days (Day 6). At 24h before sponge removal (Day 5), goats received IM 200IU of Novormon 5000 (G-eCG) or saline solution (G-Control). NUL and MUL goats of each breed were assigned equally into one of the two treatments. Transrectal ultrasonography was used to assess ovarian parameters, and teaser goats detected oestrus every 12h from sponge removal to ovulation or until 96h after sponge removal. The results are described as mean±s.e.m., and categorical results are presented as percentages. The normal distribution of the residues of all variables was determined by the Shapiro-Wilk test and for homoscedastic by Levene test. To evaluate interaction between treatments and parity order, the general linear model (GLM) was applied. Parametric variables were subjected to Student’s t-test. Nonparametric variables were analysed by Mann–Whitney test, Chi-squared test, and Fisher’s exact test. Values of P<0.05 were considered significant. According to the breed and parity order, Nubian and Saanen goats showed no difference (P>0.05) in reproductive parameters. Alpine goats had a longer (P<0.05) interval from sponge removal to onset of oestrus (SROE) in MUL (61±14.0h) than NUL (38.5±12.7h), longer interval from onset of oestrus to ovulation (IEOV) in NUL (33.5±11.9h) than MUL (19.5±13.4h), and the number of ovulations was greater (P<0.05) in MUL (2.2±0.9) than in NUL (1.3±0.5). In goats either receiving eCG or not, Alpine and Nubian goats had no difference (P>0.05) in SROE, IEOV, interval from sponge removal to ovulation (SROV), percentage of animals that ovulated, diameter of the ovulatory follicle, and number of ovulations. Saanen goats had a higher (P<0.05) percentage of animals that ovulated in G-eCG (87.5%) than G-control (25.0%). Regardless of parity order and breed, SROV was longer (P<0.05) in G-control (73.2±9.8h) than in G-eCG (65.1±10.2h), and the percentage of animals that ovulated was greater (P<0.05) in G-eCG (96.4%) than in G-control (67.9%). In summary, in short-term protocols for oestrous synchronization in cyclic dairy goats, the addition of eCG led to a shorter interval from sponge removal to ovulation and increased number of animals that ovulated. This research was supported by CNPq (310166/2012-8) and Embrapa (20.19.01.004.00.03.001).

Commonly used measures and statistical tests.

2021 ◽  
pp. 103-118
Author(s):  
Donald L. J. Quicke ◽  
Buntika A. Butcher ◽  
Rachel A. Kruft Welton
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Tests ◽  
T Test ◽  
Exact Test ◽  
Fisher's Exact Test ◽  
Fisher’S Exact Test ◽  
Chi Squared ◽  
Student’S T ◽  
Student’S T Test

Abstract There are a number of statistical tests that are frequently used, even by non-specialists. This chapter will cover tests such as Chi-squared, Fisher's exact test, Mann-Whitney U and several variations of the Student's t-test, amongst others.

scholarly journals O12 Dactylitis is associated with greater disease severity, CRP, ultrasound determined synovitis, and erosive damage in DMARD-naïve early PsA

Rheumatology ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 60 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sayam Dubash ◽  
Oras A Alabas ◽  
Xabier Michelena ◽  
Leticia Garcia-Montoya ◽  
Richard Wakefield ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Management Strategies ◽  
Power Doppler ◽  
Exact Test ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Chi Squared ◽  
Student’S T ◽  
Semiquantitative Method ◽  
Hallmark Feature ◽  
Student’S T Test

Abstract Background/Aims  Dactylitis, a hallmark feature of psoriatic arthritis (PsA), is defined as uniform swelling of a finger or toe ('sausage digit'). Understanding of the phenotypical significance of dactylitis and association with PsA disease activity/severity is still lacking. The aim of this study was to characterise and evaluate a DMARD-naïve early PsA cohort based on the clinical presence or absence of dactylitis. Methods  Early PsA patients achieving CASPAR criteria, were recruited into a prospective observational study; the Leeds Spondyloarthritis Register for Research and Observation (SpARRO). The cohort was evaluated based on presence/absence of dactylitis. Dactylitis was recorded per digit; tender (hot)/ non-tender (cold). Synovitis was graded via the semiquantitative method (0-3) for grayscale (GS) and power Doppler (PD) at 50 joints: wrists, MCP1-5, PIP1-5, DIP2-5, MTP1-5, elbows, knees, ankles, subtalar and talonavicular joints. Bone erosions were determined by US if cortical bone discontinuity was present in two perpendicular planes (longitudinal/transverse). Enthesitis was determined via OMERACT definitions/ modified Glasgow Ultrasound Enthesitis Severity Score (GUESS). Statistical calculations (STATA/SPSS): student’s t-test, quantile regression, one-sample tests, Pearson Chi-squared test and Fischer’s exact test. Results  Of the 177 PsA patients recruited, PsA with dactylitis recorded significantly higher median difference in TJC (p < 0.01), SJC (p < 0.001), and CRP (p < 0.01) compared to PsA without dactylitis. Dactylitis was present in 81/177 (46%) patients and 214 digits. Multiple digits (>1) were involved in 51/81 (63%) patients, asymmetrical in 52/81 (64%). Dactylitis was more prevalent in toes (146/214; 68.2%) than fingers (68/214; 31.8%). Hot dactylitis was more prevalent (179/214; 83.6%) than cold dactylitis (35/214; 16.4%). The most frequent sites for hot dactylitis were 2nd finger (23/179; 12.8%), 4th toe (40/179; 22.3%) and for cold dactylitis, 3rd finger (2/35; 8.5%), 4th toe (10/35; 28.5%). Significantly greater US synovitis was identified in PsA with dactylitis (p < 0.01). PsA with dactylitis recorded more patients in high DAPSA state and greater DAPSA scores (median 24.4 vs 20.8; p = 0.07). Joints affected by dactylitis had a high prevalence of US synovitis; 190/255 (74.5%). Synovitis was more prevalent in hot dactylitis than cold dactylitis; 180/227 (79.3%) versus 10/28 (35.7%). Ultrasound erosions were significantly greater in joints in PsA with dactylitis (p < 0.001) and identified in significantly greater PsA patients with dactylitis [22/69 (31.9%) versus 11/86 (12.8%) patients (p = 0.004)]. The sites most prone to erosive damage were MCP2 (9/33, 27.3%), MTP5 (11/33, 33.3%). No significant differences were found for enthesitis determined by OMERACT/ modified GUESS. Conclusion  This study identifies dactylitis as a clinical indicator for an aggressive phenotype with significantly greater TJC, SJC, CRP, US synovitis and US defined erosions in DMARD-naïve early PsA. Longitudinal follow-up will determine if dactylitis represents poor prognosis. Dactylitis may be a useful discriminator for risk stratification in future PsA management strategies and clinical trials. Disclosure  S. Dubash: None. O.A. Alabas: None. X. Michelena: None. L. Garcia-Montoya: None. R. Wakefield: None. A. Tan: None. P. Helliwell: None. P. Emery: None. D. McGonagle: None. H. Marzo-Ortega: None.

scholarly journals Detrusor underactivity prevalence and risk factors according to different definitions in women attending urogynecology clinic

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gloria D’Alessandro ◽  
Stefania Palmieri ◽  
Alice Cola ◽  
Marta Barba ◽  
Stefano Manodoro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pelvic Floor ◽  
Pelvic Floor Disorders ◽  
Menopausal Status ◽  
Maximum Flow ◽  
Primary Objective ◽  
Wilcoxon Test ◽  
Detrusor Underactivity ◽  
Chi Squared ◽  
Student’S T ◽  
Student’S T Test

Abstract Introduction and hypothesis There is still no consensus on definitions of detrusor underactivity; therefore, it is difficult to estimate the prevalence. The primary objective of the study was to evaluate the prevalence of detrusor underactivity in a cohort of patients with pelvic floor disorders according to different proposed urodynamics definitions. The secondary objectives were to estimate the association between detrusor underactivity and symptoms, anatomy and urodynamic findings and to build predictive models. Methods Patients who performed urodynamic evaluation for pelvic floor disorders between 2008 and 2016 were retrospectively analyzed. Detrusor underactivity was evaluated according to Schafer’s detrusor factor, Abrams’ bladder contractility index and Jeong cut-offs. The degree of concordance between each method was measured with Cohenʼs kappa, and differences were tested using Student’s t test, Wilcoxon test and Pearson’s chi-squared test. Results The prevalence of detrusor underactivity among a cohort of 2092 women, concerning the three urodynamic definitions, was 33.7%, 37.0% and 4.1%, respectively. Age, menopausal status, voiding/bulging symptoms, anterior and central prolapse, first desire to void and positive postvoid residual were directly related to detrusor underactivity. Conversely, stress urinary incontinence, detrusor pressures during voiding and maximum flow were inversely associated. Final models for detrusor underactivity resulted in poor accuracy for all considered definitions. Conclusions The prevalence of detrusor underactivity varies depending on the definition considered. Although several clinical variables resulted as independent predictors of detrusor underactivity, instrumental evaluation still plays a key role in the diagnosis.

scholarly journals Intravesical prostaglandin e2 effectiveness in the prevention of urinary retention after transvaginal reconstruction of the pubo-cervical fascia and short arm sling according to Lahodny: a prospective randomized clinical trial

2010 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 15 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. QUADRI ◽  
N. NATALE ◽  
C. SPREAFICO ◽  
C. BELLONI ◽  
D. BARISANI ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prostaglandin E2 ◽  
Urinary Retention ◽  
Study Groups ◽  
T Test ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Fisher Exact Test ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Exact Test ◽  
Student’S T ◽  
Student’S T Test

Intravesical prostaglandin E2 is effective in the recovery of spontaneous voiding after transvaginal reconstruction of the pubocervical fascia and short arm sling according to Lahodny. The aim of the study was to compare the effects of intravesical prostaglandin E2 in the prevention of urinary retention after transvaginal reconstruction of the pubocervical fascia and short arm sling according to Lahodny. STUDY DESIGN: From November 1996 to June 1999 fifty women underwent the Lahodny procedure for moderate/severe cystocele and stress urinary incontinence. Women were randomly assigned to 1 of the 2 study groups: intravesical prostaglandin E2 versus controls. Data obtained were analyzed with the Student t test and the Fisher exact test. RESULTS: Two patients of the treatment group had to be excluded from the study, one because of the wrong measurement of the post-voidal residual volume and another due to a fastidious burning sensation which appeared immediately after prostaglandin instillation and required the suspension of the treatment. No other side effects such as nausea, vomiting, diarrhea or hyperthermia were observed. Patients who underwent the prostaglandin E2 treatment showed a recovery of spontaneous voiding after 7.9±6.7 days, whereas this interval was significantly longer in the control group, being 12.9±9.7 days (p=0.04, Two tailed Unpaired Student's T test). CONCLUSION: The effectiveness and the low associated morbidity mark the treatment with intravesical prostaglandin E2 useful in the recovery of normal voiding after transvaginal pubocervical fascia reconstruction and short arm sling with the procedure according to Lahodny.

scholarly journals ACUTE KIDNEY INJURY FOLLOWING SURGERY FOR HIP FRACTURE

2020 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. 128-130
Author(s):  
PHILIP MCKEAG ◽  
ANDREW SPENCE ◽  
BRIAN HANRATTY
Keyword(s):  
Acute Kidney Injury ◽  
Hip Fracture ◽  
Kidney Injury ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Chi Squared ◽  
Student’S T ◽  
Retrospective Comparative Study ◽  
Type Of Surgery ◽  
Preoperative Creatinine ◽  
Student’S T Test

ABSTRACT Objective: An observational study was carried out to determine the rate of acute kidney injury (AKI) following surgery for hip fracture at our institution and to look for factors associated with AKI. Methods: Preoperative creatinine values were compared to post-operative results for all patients who underwent surgery for hip fracture at our institution between 1st January 2015 and 30th September 2016. AKI was defined as an increase in postoperative creatinine, greater than or equal to 1.5 times the preoperative value within 7 days. Chi-squared test and Student’s t-test were used to look for factors associated with AKI. Results: Out of 500 patients, 96 developed an AKI (19.2%). Patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) were more likely to develop AKI (30.8%) that those without it (17.2%, p = 0.018). Similarly, patients with 2 or more comorbidities were more likely to develop AKI (22.0%) than those without it (12.4%, p = 0.009). No statistically significant association was observed between type of surgery and AKI. Conclusion: A large proportion of patients following surgery for hip fracture developed AKI. Patients with CKD and the presence of 2 or more comorbidities had significantly higher rates of AKI. Level III evidence, Retrospective comparative study.

Stability and precision of a new ampuled quality-control system for pH and blood-gas measurements.

1976 ◽  
Vol 22 (8) ◽  
pp. 1399-1401 ◽  
Author(s):  
Z L Komjathy ◽  
J C Mathies ◽  
J A Parker ◽  
H A Schreiber
Keyword(s):  
Quality Control ◽  
Control System ◽  
Quality Control System ◽  
Routine Laboratory ◽  
Blood Gas ◽  
Atmospheric Conditions ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Gas Measurements ◽  
Student’S T ◽  
Student’S T Test

Abstract We describe an evaluation of the in-use stability and short-term precision of a three-level ampuled quality-control system for monitoring pH, pCO2, and pO2 measurements on clinical blood-gas analyzers. In three hospital laboratories, 324 such ampuls were opened and allowed to stand with their contents exposed to atmospheric conditions for accurately timed intervals up to 240 s. Contents were then analyzed for pH, pCO2, and pO2. Student's t-test was used to evaluate the significance of differences observed in recoveries after time exposure. At a signifcance level of P less than or equal to 0.05, the only significant changes observed throughout the first minute of exposure were average pO2 increases of 180 Pa (1.4 mmHg) (+ 1.4%) and 230 Pa (1.7 mmHg) (+ 2.9%) at levels of 13.4 and 7.7 kPa kPa (101 and 58 mmHg), respectively. The ampuled system was found to be stable precise convenient, and suitable for use in the routine laboratory.

21 Invitro maturation of domestic cat oocytes: A comparison of different reproductive stages

2021 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 118
Author(s):  
J. E. Hernández Pichardo ◽  
M. R. Del Moral Reyes ◽  
M. E. Kjelland ◽  
J. L. Rodríguez Suastegui
Keyword(s):  
Oocyte Maturation ◽  
Sodium Lactate ◽  
Domestic Cat ◽  
Corpora Lutea ◽  
Veterinary Clinic ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Chi Squared ◽  
Art Research ◽  
Student’S T ◽  
Student’S T Test

Domestic cat invitro embryo production (IVEP) begins with IVM of oocytes to produce mature oocytes; that is, MII. The domestic cat (Felis catus) has been used as a model to carry out assisted reproductive technology (ART) research for application in wild feline species that may be threatened or endangered. The objective of this research was to evaluate oocyte maturation of domestic cats in different reproductive stages: (1) prepubertal, (2) oestrus, (3) pregnant, and (4) anoestrus. The present study was carried out at the Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana Unidad Xochimilco in Mexico City. Unless otherwise stated, all reagents used were from Sigma-Aldrich. The domestic cat ovaries were obtained from a veterinary clinic using salpingo-oophorectomy hysterectomy (OSH). Ovaries were classified as one of the following: (1) prepubertal (female cats under 6 months of age); (2) in oestrus (one or more 2-mm mature follicles); (3) pregnant (presence of fetuses with one or more corpora lutea; and (4) anoestric (ovaries without follicular activity). The ovaries were transported (<2h) in NaCl solution (0.157M) with ampicillin (10 000 IU mL−1), streptomycin (10 000 µg mL−1) and amphotericin (25µg mL−1) to the laboratory. The cumulus–oocyte complexes (COCs) were obtained by ovary microdissection with modified Tyrode’s medium supplemented with sodium lactate (10mM), HEPES (0.50mM) and polyvinyl alcohol (0.01%). COCs were washed twice with TCM-199 medium with Earle’s salts supplemented with bovine serum albumin (BSA, 3mg mL−1), cysteine (0.1mg mL−1), HEPES (1.4mg mL−1), sodium pyruvate (0.25mg mL−1), sodium lactate (0.6mg mL−1), L-glutamine (0.15mg mL−1) and gentamicin (0.055mg mL−1). The wash medium was also used for IVM, but supplemented with human menopausal hormone (Merional® IBSA; 4.5IU mL−1). Oocyte maturation was performed with TCM-199 medium supplemented with BSA, in an atmosphere of 38.5°C, 5% CO2, 95% air, and humidity at saturation for 48h. To evaluate IVM, 300μg mL−1 of hyaluronidase was used to remove the granulosa cells for 5min at 38°C. Next, the oocytes were fixed with paraformaldehyde (4%) for 15 min; washed with a mounting solution (Imacel, invitro); then, 1.5μg mL−1 of 4’,6 diamidino-2-phenylindole dihydrochloride (DAPI) was added. The stained oocytes were evaluated under a microscope (Eclipse E600, Nikon) equipped with a fluorescence lamp and a UV filter (excitation: 330–380nm). The Student’s t-test and the Chi-squared test (χ2) were used for statistical analyses (α=P<0.05). A total of 210 ovaries were obtained from 105 female cats: prepubertal (n=38), oestrus (n=25), pregnant (n=18), and anoestrus (n=24), with a total of 1405 oocytes recovered. The meiotic maturation between the different reproductive stages after 48h of culture was similar in prepubertal (48%), oestrus (46%), pregnant (43%), and anoestrus (45%) groups and did not show a significant difference (P>0.05). This study shows that the domestic cat reproductive stage does not significantly affect the production of mature oocytes for use in ART.

Risk factors for biopsy complications in initial versus subsequent biopsies in native and transplant kidneys

2020 ◽  
pp. 028418512096668
Author(s):  
Björn Peters ◽  
Henri Afghahi ◽  
Salar Maitlo ◽  
Henrik Hadimeri
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Exact Test ◽  
Major Complications ◽  
Native Kidney ◽  
Transplant Kidney ◽  
Student’S T ◽  
Biopsy Complications ◽  
Student’S T Test

Background Few studies exist about risk factors for complications in subsequent biopsies. Purpose To explore risk factors for complications in initial versus subsequent biopsies in native and transplant kidneys, which may predict biopsy complications. Material and Methods In a multicenter study, 2830 native kidney biopsies (4.3% subsequent) were analyzed for major complications (1251 of these were also analyzed for minor) and 667 transplant kidney biopsies (29% subsequent) were analyzed for major and minor complications. No death or nephrectomy were described. Fisher’s exact test, Student’s t-test, chi-square analyses, and univariate and multiple binary logistic regression analyses were employed; P < 0.05 was considered significant. Results In initial native kidney biopsies, the frequency of major complications was higher in women compared to men (odds ratio 1.6, 95% confidence interval 1.1–2.2), in younger patients (50 vs. 54 years, P = 0.007), and in patients with lower weight (78 vs. 82 kg, P = 0.005). In subsequent native kidney biopsies, patients with major complications had a higher systolic blood pressure (145 vs. 132 mmHg, P = 0.03). In initial transplant kidney biopsies, biopsies with major complications had less glomeruli in the biopsy (17 vs. 24, P = 0.046). In subsequent transplant kidney biopsies, patients with major complications had a higher mean arterial pressure (112 vs. 98 mmHg, P = 0.002). In subsequent native kidney biopsies, there was a higher number of SLE-nephritis (12% vs. 4.6%, P = 0.001) compared to initial biopsies. Conclusion The different types of risk factors for complications in initial versus subsequent renal biopsies could be important for the clinicians to improve patients’ safety.

scholarly journals Cardiovascular risk in Japanese-Brazilian subjects

2012 ◽  
Vol 56 (9) ◽  
pp. 608-613 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patricia Moreira Gomes ◽  
Regina Célia Garcia de Andrade ◽  
Roberta Carvalho de Figueiredo ◽  
Ana Emília Pace ◽  
Amaury Lelis Dal Fabbro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Ankle Brachial Index ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Exact Test ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Artery Disease ◽  
Student’S T ◽  
Student’S T Test

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the prevalence of risk factors for cardiovascular disease in Japanese-Brazilian subjects. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: One hundred thirty-one residents of the Mombuca community were studied. Statistical analysis was based on the X² test, Fisher's Exact test, Student's t test, and ANOVA, at a 5% significance level. RESULTS: The average age was 56.7 years-old; 76.3% had dyslipidemia, 24.4% pre-diabetes (PDM), 10.7% type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), 46.6% hypertension, 52.7% abdominal obesity, and 35.8% metabolic syndrome (MS). There were significant correlations between HOMA-IR and MS diagnosis and obesity, while HOMA-β levels were decreased in T2DM and PDM. The ankle-brachial index was positive for peripheral artery disease in 22.3% of the individuals. Electrocardiograms did not show increased evidence of myocardial ischemia. CONCLUSION: Subjects of this community are exposed to major cardiovascular risk factors, namely high prevalence of MS diagnoses and increased HOMA-IR. Arq Bras Endocrinol Metab. 2012;56(9):608-13

scholarly journals Diastasis recti abdominis during pregnancy and 12 months after childbirth: prevalence, risk factors and report of lumbopelvic pain

2016 ◽  
Vol 50 (17) ◽  
pp. 1092-1096 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jorun Bakken Sperstad ◽  
Merete Kolberg Tennfjord ◽  
Gunvor Hilde ◽  
Marie Ellström-Engh ◽  
Kari Bø
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Post Partum ◽  
Fisher Exact Test ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Exact Test ◽  
Diastasis Recti ◽  
Student’S T ◽  
First Time ◽  
Diastasis Recti Abdominis ◽  
Student’S T Test

Background/aimDiastasis recti abdominis (DRA) is defined as a separation of the 2 muscle bellies of rectus abdominis. To date there is scant knowledge on prevalence, risk factors, and consequences of the condition. The present study aimed to investigate the prevalence of DRA during pregnancy and post partum, presence of possible risk factors, and the occurrence of lumbopelvic pain among women with and without DRA.MethodsThis prospective cohort study followed 300 first-time pregnant women from pregnancy till 12 months post partum. Data were collected by electronic questionnaire and clinical examinations. DRA was defined as a palpated separation of ≥2 fingerbreadths either 4.5 cm above, at or 4.5 cm below the umbilicus. Women with and without DRA were compared with independent samples Student's t-test and χ2/Fisher exact test, and OR with significance level >0.05.ResultsPrevalence of DRA was 33.1%, 60.0%, 45.4%, and 32.6% at gestation week 21, 6 weeks, 6 months and 12 months post partum, respectively. No difference in risk factors was found when comparing women with and without DRA. OR showed a greater likelihood for DRA among women reporting heavy lifting ≥20 times weekly (OR 2.18 95% CI 1.05 to 4.52). There was no difference in reported lumbopelvic pain (p=0.10) in women with and without DRA.ConclusionsPrevalence of mild DRA was high both during pregnancy and after childbirth. Women with and without DRA reported the same amount of lumbopelvic pain 12 months post partum.

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