167 Improving the reproductive performance of beef cattle following multivalent viral-bacteria vaccination and mineral supplementation

2020 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 210
Author(s):  
G. Decuadro-Hansen ◽  
R. Silva ◽  
B. Lima ◽  
J. Lima ◽  
L. Durel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Beef Cattle ◽  
Subcutaneous Injection ◽  
Intramuscular Injection ◽  
Transrectal Ultrasound ◽  
Fixed Time ◽  
Bovine Viral Diarrhea ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Infectious Bovine Rhinotracheitis ◽  
Viral Diarrhea ◽  
Mineral Supplementation

In beef cattle production under pasture-based tropical conditions, the minerals most likely to be lacking are Ca, P, Na, Co, Cu, I, Se, and Zn, all of which are required for optimal growth and reproduction. Phosphorous deficiency, in particular, is a major problem for grazing cattle in many tropical regions. On the other hand, reproductive infectious diseases are the greatest threat to the production and profitability of beef cattle herds. To overcome reproductive failure, the present study aimed to evaluate the effects of injectable mineral supplementation and vaccination against reproductive diseases on synchronised Nelore females for fixed-time AI. A total of 1361 females were enrolled, and blood was collected from a random population (n=150) to measure serum antibodies against Leptospira sp., infectious bovine rhinotracheitis, and bovine viral diarrhea, mineral status, and creatinine. With Day 0 as the beginning of the synchronisation programme and Day 10 as the day of fixed-time AI, females were randomly assigned as follows. In the control treatment (n=365), no additional treatment was administered. In the Vaccine treatment (n=314), at Days −21 and 0 females received a 5-mL subcutaneous injection of BovigenRepro (Virbac; inactivated vaccine containing infectious bovine rhinotracheitis 1 and 5; bovine viral diarrhea 1 and 2; Campylobacter fetus ssp. fetus, venerealis, and venerealis biotype intermedius; and Leptospira pomona, wolffi, hardjo prajitno, icterohaemorrhagiae, canicola, copenhageni, bratislava, and hardjo bovis in an adjuvant of 10% Al(OH)3 with Se). In the Suppl treatment (n=314), at Day 0 females received a 15-mL intramuscular injection of Fosfosal (Virbac; 100mL containing Na glycerophosphate (14g), monosodium phosphate (20.1g), copper chloride (0.4g), potassium chloride (0.6g), magnesium chloride (2.5g), and sodium selenite (0.24g). In the SupplVacc treatment (n=363), females received a 5-mL subcutaneous injection of the vaccine at Days −21 and 0 as well as a 5-mL intramuscular injection of Fosfosal at Day 0. Pregnancy was verified by transrectal ultrasound at Days 40 and 100. Body condition score was recorded on Days −21 and 40. Data were analysed using the GLIMMIX procedure of SAS (SAS University edition, SAS Institute Inc.). When significant, Tukey and least squares means tests were used to compare means. Serum analysis showed that 89% of the animals had seroprevalence to at least two diseases. Average blood P concentration was 7.2mg dL−1. Pregnancy was affected by Ca levels (pregnant=2.55mg dL−1; non-pregnant=2.33mg dL−1; P<0.05) and creatinine levels (pregnant=5.85mg dL−1; non-pregnant=5.76mg dL−1; P<0.05). The average BCS was 3.2 (1=skinny; 5=fat), and there was no effect of time (Days −21 to 40). Pregnancy verified by transrectal ultrasound at Day 40 for the Vaccine, Suppl, SupplVacc, and control treatments was 54, 52, 57, and 49% (P=0.11), respectively. There was a tendency of higher pregnancy verified by transrectal ultrasound at Day 90 for the SupplVacc group (55%) compared with the control group (45%; P<0.1). There was no effect of pregnancy loss among groups that were vaccinated (control=6%, vaccine=5%, Suppl=4%, and SupplVacc=3%). Considering only pluriparous cows, there was an increase in pregnancy per AI in the SupplVacc group (59%) compared with the control group (51%; P<0.05). Once females presented a very good BCS, the supplement effect was only an immunostimulant. Starting a breeding season with supplementation and vaccination can increase pregnancy rate and profitability for farmers.

160 STRATEGIC VACCINATION AGAINST BOVINE VIRAL DIARRHEA (BVD), INFECTIOUS BOVINE RHINOTRACHEITIS (IBR) AND LEPTOSPIROSIS IMPROVES PREGNANCY RATE IN FTAI PROTOCOLS IN NELORE BEEF COWS

2015 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 171
Author(s):  
L. A. S. Souto ◽  
M. Maturana Filho ◽  
K. M. Lemes ◽  
F. D. Torres ◽  
E. H. Madureira
Keyword(s):  
Beef Cattle ◽  
Pregnancy Rate ◽  
Pregnancy Rates ◽  
Bovine Viral Diarrhea ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Infectious Bovine Rhinotracheitis ◽  
Positive Correlation ◽  
Viral Diarrhea ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

The negative effect of some diseases, such as bovine viral diarrhea (BVD), infectious bovine rhinotracheitis (IBR), and Leptospirosis, on bovine reproduction rates are well known. The uses of vaccines are considered to be an important tool available in order to control reproductive losses but their efficiency is still controversial. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of vaccination against BVD, IBR, and Leptospirosis to improve pregnancy rate in beef cattle submitted to fixed-timed AI (FTAI). Nelore cows (n = 1172) from 4 beef cattle farms in Brazil were randomly distributed in two experimental groups: Group 1 (treated, n = 584) received the first dose of the inactivated vaccines (Bioleptogen and Bioabortogen H, Biogénesis Bagó, Garín, Argentina) at the beginning of the FTAI protocol and the second dose on the pregnancy diagnostic 40 days later; Group 2 (control group, n = 588) received 0.9% saline solution. Serum samples from 3–5% of animals in each farm herd were collected to determinate IBR, BVD, and Leptospirosis challenges, by using ELISA protocol for BVD and IBR (Synbiotics BVD p80 ab monoblocking test and Synbiotics BoHV-1 gB monoblocking test, respectively; Synbiotics Corp., Kansas City, MO, USA); and microaglutination test for Leptospirosis. All animals were submitted to the FTAI protocol: D0 = intravaginal P4 device (Cronipress, Biogenesis Bagó) and application of 2 mg oestradiol benzoate (Bioestrogen, Biogénesis Bagó); Day 8 = intravaginal device removal + 0.5 mg oestradiol cipionate (E.C.P, Zoetis Inc., Florham Park, NJ, USA) and 25 mg D-cloprostenol sodium (Croniben, Biogénesis Bagó) and FTAI after 48 h. Body condition scores (BCS) were measured on Day 0 and pregnancy diagnostic were performed on Day 40. Data were analysed by logistic regression using PROC LOGISTIC procedure of the SAS software (SAS 9.3, SAS Institute, Inc., Cary, NC, USA) as well as the significant differences between the factors was analysed to nonparametric statistical frequency (chi-square test; PROC FREQ). Pregnancy rates on day 40 were greater (P < 0.0001) in Group 1 (58.21%; 340/584) compared to Group 2 (44.73%; 263/588). Effect in BCS by pregnancy rates was observed (P = 0.0165) among animals with higher compared to lower BCS (61.40% v. 47.98%, respectively). Results from BVD, IBR and Leptospirosis prevalence were respectively (78.26%; 95.65%, and 10.20%), demonstrating that all herds were challenger for the 3 agents and a positive correlation with pregnancy rates (P < 0.001) in vaccinated group. In conclusion, vaccination with Bioabortogen H and Bioleptogen contributed to increase pregnancy rates in beef cattle submitted to FTAI; and the positive correlation between high prevalence of BVD, IBR, and leptospirosis, and an increased pregnancy rate by 13.48% can be due to fewer losses caused by the vaccination protection up to Day 40.

116 PREGNANCY RATES AFTER ADMINISTRATION OF EQUINE CHORIONIC GONADOTROPIN (eCG) AT PROGESTERONE INTRAVAGINAL DEVICE REMOVAL AND 14 DAYS AFTER FIXED-TIME AI IN BEEF CATTLE

2011 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 163 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Núñez ◽  
T. de Castro ◽  
L. Cutaia ◽  
G. Bó ◽  
A. Menchaca
Keyword(s):  
Beef Cattle ◽  
Pregnancy Rate ◽  
Body Condition Score ◽  
Fetal Loss ◽  
Fixed Time ◽  
Pregnancy Rates ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Device Removal ◽  
Embryo Survival ◽  
Intravaginal Device

An important proportion of embryonic deaths in cattle occur during the critical period of embryo development and maternal recognition of pregnancy. High serum progesterone concentrations during this period are associated to higher embryo survival, and the use of eCG could enhance luteal activity. Two experiments were carried out to evaluate the effect of administering eCG at the time of removal of a progesterone-releasing device and 14 days after fixed-time artificial insemination (FTAI) in beef cattle. Multiparous suckled cows between 60 and 90 days postpartum (n = 297; Exp. 1), and two-year old prepuberal heifers (n = 689; Exp. 2) with a body condition score (BCS) between 3.5 and 5 (1 to 8 scale) were used. At the beginning of the experiments, none of females used had a corpus luteum detected by ultrasonography. Females received an intravaginal device containing 0.5 g progesterone (DIB 0.5, Syntex, Buenos Aires, Argentina) and 2 mg oestradiol benzoate i.m. (Benzoato de Oestradiol, Syntex). Eight days later, 500 μg of cloprostenol (Ciclase DL, Syntex) and 0.5 mg oestradiol cypionate (Cipiosyn, Syntex) were given i.m. and devices were removed; FTAI was performed 52 to 56 h after DIB removal. At the time of device removal, the animals were randomly allocated to 4 groups, to receive 400 IU of eCG i.m. (Novormon, Syntex) or placebo at device removal and/or 14 days after FTAI, in a 2 × 2 factorial design. Control group did not receive eCG. In Exp. 1, nose plates were placed on calves on the day of DIB insertion and left for 10 days in order to prevent suckling. Pregnancy diagnosis was performed by ultrasonography at 30 and 60 days after FTAI. Data were analysed by logistic regression. Pregnancy rate at 30 days after FTAI was affected by treatment (P < 0.05; Table 1). Late embryonic/fetal loss rates (non-pregnant females at 60 days after FTAI over those pregnant at 30 days) were 1.6% (3/182) for cows in Exp. 1 and 4.8% (14/292) for heifers in Exp. 2; no differences were detected among groups. In conclusion, administration of 400 IU of eCG at device removal increases pregnancy rate, both in anestrus cows and heifers. However, the administration of a second dose of eCG 14 days after FTAI suggests a possible effect on embryo survival within the first 30 days of pregnancy in cows but not in heifers. Further studies are required to confirm these results. Table 1.Pregnancy rates after administration of eCG at time of progesterone device removal and/or 14 days after insemination in beef cattle Supported by Syntex.

INVESTIGATION ON BOVINE VIRAL DIARRHEA VIRUS AND INFECTIOUS BOVINE RHINOTRACHEITIS VIRUS IN MONGOLIAN DAIRY FARMS

2017 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 10-15
Author(s):  
Dulam Purevtseren ◽  
Erdenechimeg Dashzevge ◽  
Zhou Wei Guan Guan
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Bovine Viral Diarrhea Virus ◽  
Bovine Viral Diarrhea ◽  
Infectious Bovine Rhinotracheitis ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Diarrhea Virus ◽  
Viral Diarrhea ◽  
One Step ◽  
Viral Diarrhea Virus ◽  
Infectious Bovine Rhinotracheitis Virus

In this study, 168 blood sera were collected from dairy cows in Selenge and Tuv aimags during 2013 - 2014. The ELISA was carried out for serological detection of antibodies and antigens to Bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV), antibodies to Infectious bovine rhinotracheitis virus (IBRV) in dairy cows in Mongolia. The ELISA results of antibodies of BVDV and antigen of BVDV showed that 86.9% and 3.57%, respectively. The seroprevalence of antibodies against IBRV was found to be 60.7%. In order to confirm of BVDV, One Step RT-PCR was performed in ELISA positive cattle serum samples using specific primer for BVDV. The results showed that 294 bp fragment was successfully amplified. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that the nucleotide sequences 5'UTR gene of the isolates belonged to the BVDV1 subtype. Four isolated virus samples were closely related to China, the another isolate was closely related to the Slovenia BVDV1 isolate.

scholarly journals Th17 cell differentiation induced by cytopathogenic biotype BVDV-2 in bovine PBLCs

BMC Genomics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yanping Li ◽  
Tingli Liu ◽  
Guoliang Chen ◽  
Liqun Wang ◽  
Aimin Guo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Differentiation ◽  
Th17 Cell ◽  
Receptor Interaction ◽  
Bovine Viral Diarrhea ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Sequencing Analysis ◽  
Diarrhea Virus ◽  
Viral Diarrhea ◽  
Th17 Cell Differentiation ◽  
Transcriptomic Sequencing

Abstract Background Bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) is a major pathogen that causes bovine viral diarrhea/mucosal disease (BVD-MD), which has become a global infectious disease due to its wide spread and the lack of effective treatment. The process of BVDV infection is complex. Once infected, host immune cells are activated and modulated. As a major immune cell, peripheral blood lymphocyte cells (PBLCs) are the primary target of BVDV. In order to further understand the mechanism of BVDV- host interaction, the expression profiles of host lymphocytes mRNAs associated with BVDV infection were investigated by transcriptomic sequencing analysis. Results The transcriptomic sequencing analysis was performed on bovine PBLCs infected with CP BVDV-2 GS2018 after 12 h of infection. Gene expression profiling demonstrated that 1052 genes were differentially expressed in GS2018 infected PBLCs compared with the control group. Of these genes, 485 genes were up-regulated and 567 were down-regulated. The 19 differential expressed genes (DEGs) were selected for validation using quantitative real-time PCR and the results were consistent with the results of RNA-Seq. Gene ontology enrichment and KEGG pathway analysis showed that 1052 DEGs were significantly enriched in 16 pathways, including cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction, IL17, PI3K-Akt, MAPK and TNF signaling pathway. PPI network analysis showed that IL17A, IFN-γ and TNF-α interacted with various proteins and may play crucial roles in BVDV-2 infection. Of note, we confirmed that GS2018 induced Th17 cell differentiation in PBLCs and persistently increased the expression levels of IL17A. In turn, the replication of GS2018 was inhibited by IL17A. Conclusion In this study, the transcription changes of DEGs related to host immune responses in bovine PBLCs were caused by CP BVDV-2 infection. In particular, the effector molecules IL17A of Th17 cells were significantly up-regulated, which inhibited viral replication. These results will contribute to exploration and further understanding of the host immune response mechanism and interaction between host and BVDV-2.

scholarly journals A survey of biosecurity measures applied on dairy cattle farms in Spain

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francisco Javier Villaamil ◽  
Ignacio Arnaiz ◽  
Alberto Allepuz ◽  
Mikel Molins ◽  
Mercedes Lázaro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cattle ◽  
Multiple Correspondence Analysis ◽  
Bovine Viral Diarrhea ◽  
Dairy Herds ◽  
Infectious Bovine Rhinotracheitis ◽  
Current Application ◽  
Viral Diarrhea ◽  
Control Programs ◽  
Antibody Elisa ◽  
Cattle Farms

AbstractAttention to biosecurity has been highlighted as the most important measure to reduce and prevent the introduction of diseases to farms. There is little published information about the biosecurity of dairy cattle in Spain. We therefore aimed to assess and characterize the current application of biosecurity measures on dairy cattle farms in Spain, and relate these to bovine viral diarrhea and infectious bovine rhinotracheitis. From July 2017 to April 2018, data on biosecurity measures for 124 dairy herds were collected using a questionnaire. We also assessed the sanitary status of these farms (efficacy of measures implemented against both diseases using antibody ELISA. Data were analyzed descriptively, and using multiple correspondence analysis and a two-step cluster analysis. Measures to prevent disease introduction were often poorly implemented. Three main clusters of farms were identified: Clusters 1 and 2 included herds of small and intermediate sizes, respectively. These, particularly cluster 1, showed the most deficiencies in the control of vehicles and visitors. However, individual purchases usually involved low numbers of animals, especially in cluster 2, and animals were tested for bovine viral diarrhea and infectious bovine rhinotracheitis at their places of origin or on arrival at farms. Farms in clusters 1 and 2 were frequently under voluntary control programs. Cluster 3 had the largest herd sizes, with somewhat better biosecurity control of vehicles and visitors. However, farms in this cluster also purchased the most animals, sometimes without testing, and hired external workers most often. Farms in cluster 1 showed the best sanitary level, followed by clusters 2 and 3. Collecting data such as these is an important first step to identification of biosecurity shortcomings, and to structuring of adequate follow-up to ensure that measures are implemented correctly on farms in Spain.

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