104 SOFaaci-HEPES or holding media can be used for embryo loading without changes in pregnancies per embryo transfer nor pregnancy loss in an invitro-produced embryo transfer program

2020 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 178
Author(s):  
D. Pereira ◽  
D. Moreno ◽  
R. Sala ◽  
L. Carrenho-Sala ◽  
M. Fosado ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Embryo Transfer ◽  
Fixed Effects ◽  
Pregnancy Loss ◽  
Embryo Quality ◽  
Prostaglandin F2α ◽  
P Value ◽  
Transfer Program ◽  
Embryo Viability ◽  
Stage Embryo ◽  
Embryo Stage

Time elapsed between removal from culture and embryo transfer (ET) can have a profound effect on the success of an invitro-produced (IVP) ET program. The embryo culture medium provides the necessary nutrients for embryo development and the use of media with a different nutrient composition to load embryos into straws could negatively affect embryo viability. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the effect of type of media used for embryo loading on pregnancy establishment and maintenance. Holstein heifers (n=800) were synchronized using a modified 5-day CO-Synch + controlled internal drug release (CIDR) as follows: Day −8: CIDR inserted, Day −3: CIDR removed, prostaglandin F2α treatment (500μg cloprostenol sodium), Day 0: gonadotrophin-releasing hormone (GnRH; 100μg of gonadorelin acetate). Five days after GnRH, heifers were evaluated by ultrasonography to determine presence of a corpus luteum (CL). Embryos were removed from culture on Day 7 (Day 0=fertilization), placed into tubes containing SOFaaci, and transported in an incubator (LabMix, WTA) to the transfer facility within 1.5h. Upon arrival embryos were removed from transport tubes and randomly assigned to be loaded into 0.25-mL straws containing either holding media (Vigro Holding Plus) or SOFaaci-HEPES. After loading into straws, embryos were placed in an ET gun and AI gun warmers set at 35°C until transfer by 1 of 5 technicians. Heifers with a CL were randomised for transfer of a fresh IVP embryo loaded into a straw containing either holding media or SOFaaci-Hepes on Day 7±1. Interval from embryo loading to transfer ranged from 1 to 3h. Pregnancy was determined by ultrasonography on Days 32 and 60. Data were analysed by logistic regression and included the fixed effects of loading media, embryo stage, embryo quality, interval between GnRH and ET, and biologically relevant interactions. Pregnancies per ET (P/ET) on Day 32 were not different between the groups in which embryos were loaded using holding media and those which used SOFaaci-Hepes, nor there were interactions between loading medium and embryo stage, embryo quality, or interval from GnRH to ET (P>0.10; Table 1). Pregnancies per ET (P/ET) on Day 60 were not different between the loading media groups, nor were there interactions between loading medium, embryo stage, and embryo quality, or interval from GnRH to ET (P>0.10). Pregnancy loss between Days 32 and 60 was not different between groups, nor there were interactions between loading media groups and any other factor (P>0.10). In conclusion, the use of either holding medium or SOFaaci-HEPES for fresh IVP embryo loading does not affect fertility; thus, both are suitable alternatives for loading of embryos into transfer straws. Table 1.Pregnancies per embryo transfer (P/ET) and pregnancy loss in recipient heifers transferred with fresh invitro-produced embryos, using either holding medium or SOFaaci-HEPES medium for loading Item P/ET Day 32 (n) P/ET Day 60 (n) Pregnancy loss (n) Loading medium Holding 47.0% (186/396) 41.3% (163/395) 11.9% (22/185) SOFaaci-HEPES 48.8% (197/404) 43.1% (174/404) 11.7% (23/197) P-value 0.77 0.22 0.84

107 FACTORS THAT INFLUENCE FERTILITY IN AN IVF EMBRYO TRANSFER PROGRAM IN DAIRY HEIFERS

2016 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 183 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. C. Carrenho-Sala ◽  
R. V. Sala ◽  
M. Fosado ◽  
D. C. Pereira ◽  
S. Garcia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Embryo Transfer ◽  
Pregnancy Loss ◽  
Embryo Quality ◽  
Prostaglandin F2α ◽  
Transfer Program ◽  
Dairy Heifers ◽  
Embryo Transfer Program ◽  
Embryo Stage ◽  
Major Factors

A retrospective study was performed to evaluate factors that influence pregnancy per embryo transfer (P/ET) in an IVF-embryo transfer program. A total of 5026 fresh in vitro-produced embryos were transferred during 2014 and evaluated for effects of embryo quality, embryo stage, size of corpus luteum (CL; 18–19.9 mm or ≥20 mm), interval from GnRH to embryo transfer, number of previous embryo transfer (0, 1, 2, 3, ≥4); and interaction of embryo stage and interval from GnRH to embryo transfer. One group (n = 850) had detection of oestrus after prostaglandin F2α application but most heifers (n = 4176) received fixed timed embryo transfer after a 5-day CIDR-Synch protocol: Day –8 CIDR inserted; Day –3 CIDR removed and prostaglandin F2α; Day –2 prostaglandin F2α; Day 0 GnRH. Ultrasound was performed on Day 6 after GnRH or oestrus to measure CL size and on Day 32 and 60 to determine pregnancy. Data for P/ET were analysed by logistic regression (LOGISTIC procedure, SAS 9.4). Embryo quality influenced P/ET at Day 32 [Grade 1 48.4% (1273/2631) v. Grade 2 37.6% (900/2395); P < 0.01] and at Day 60 [Grade 1 38.9% (1023/2631) v. Grade 2 29.0% (694/2395); P < 0.01], and altered pregnancy loss [Grade 1 19.6% (250/1273) v. Grade 2 22.9% (206/900); P = 0.03]. Stage of the embryo also had an effect on P/ET at Day 32 [Stage 6 35.5%a (582/1641), Stage 7 46.3%b (1431/3092), and Stage 8 54.6%c (160/293); P < 0.01] and at Day 60 [Stage 6 28.2%a (462/1641), Stage 7 36.6%b (1131/3092), and Stage 8 41.6%b (122/293); P < 0.01], but did not affect pregnancy loss (P = 0.22). Interestingly, interval from GnRH (or oestrus) until embryo transfer did not affect P/ET at Day 32 (P = 0.10), 60 (P = 0.23), or pregnancy loss (P = 0.3), nor was there an interaction between interval and embryo stage at Day 32 (P = 0.77), 60 (P = 0.96) or pregnancy loss (P = 0.55). As shown in Table 1, embryo stage 6 was always the lowest and stage 8 always the greatest P/ET regardless of interval from GnRH to embryo transfer. Size of CL also did not affect P/ET at Day 32 (P = 0.09), 60 (P = 0.21), or pregnancy loss (P = 0.90). Number of previous embryo transfer also did not alter P/ET at Day 32 [0 = 43.3% (886/2046), 1 = 44.1% (639/1450), 2 = 43.4% (444/1024), 3 = 42.6% (146/343), and ≥4 = 35.6% (58/163); P = 0.33] or 60 (P = 0.51) or pregnancy loss (P = 0.12). In conclusion, embryo stage and quality are the major factors that impacted P/ET in this study, with surprisingly little effect of interval from GnRH to embryo transfer, size of the CL, and number of previous embryo transfer. Thus, recipient programs for IVF-embryo transfer can be designed with substantial flexibility. Table 1.Effect of embryo stage and recipient synchrony on pregnancies per embryo transfer on Day 32 in recipient dairy heifers

105 Optimization of a five-day fixed-time embryo transfer program in dairy heifers: Use of gonadotrophin-releasing hormone at initiation of the protocol

2020 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 179
Author(s):  
R. Sala ◽  
L. Carrenho-Sala ◽  
V. Absalon-Medina ◽  
A. Lopez ◽  
M. Fosado ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Embryo Transfer ◽  
Pregnancy Loss ◽  
Fixed Time ◽  
Transfer Program ◽  
Releasing Hormone ◽  
Utilisation Rate ◽  
Stage Embryo ◽  
Gonadotrophin Releasing Hormone ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Synchronization Protocol

Optimized fixed-time embryo transfer (FTET) protocols for synchronization of recipients have the potential to improve the overall efficiency and profitability of embryo transfer (ET) programs. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the effect of dose of gonadotrophin-releasing hormone (GnRH) at initiation of a 5-day synchronization protocol for FTET. Holstein heifers (n=2689) at two locations were synchronized using a 5-day CO-Synch protocol as follows: Day 0: CIDR inserted, Day 5: CIDR removed, prostaglandin (PG)F2α treatment (500μg cloprostenol), Day 6: PGF2α treatment, Day 8: GnRH (100μg of gonadorelin). On Day 0, at the time of CIDR insertion, heifers were assigned in a completely randomised design to the following groups: Single (a single dose of GnRH; 100μg of gonadorelin), Double (200μg of gonadorelin) or No GnRH (control). All heifers received an Estrotect patch placed on Day 5 and evaluated for signs of oestrus on Day 8. At location A, heifers were evaluated by ultrasonography 5 days after GnRH to determine presence and size of corpus luteum (CL), whereas at location B presence and location of CL were determined by transrectal palpation at the time of transfer. Heifers with a CL received an embryo 7±1 days after GnRH administration, and pregnancy was determined by ultrasonography 41 and 63 days after GnRH. Data were analysed by generalized linear mixed models. Oestrus expression was greater in heifers that received Single and Double GnRH than in the No GnRH group (P=0.001). Similarly, utilisation rate (number transferred per number treated) was greater for heifers in the Single and Double GnRH group than for those in the No GnRH group (P=0.02). Pregnancy data were analysed for a subset of recipients using data from Day 41 (n=2267) and Day 63 (n=2042). The analysis of fertility outcomes included as covariates the type of embryo (invitro fresh or frozen and invivo fresh or frozen), embryo stage, embryo quality, interval from GnRH to transfer, and oestrus expression. Pregnancies per embryo transfer (P/ET) at Days 41 and 63 were not different between treatment groups (P=0.86), and there was no interaction between type of embryo and treatment (P&gt;0.15). Pregnancy loss between Days 41 and 63 was not different (P=0.49) between treatments groups. In conclusion, the removal of the initial GnRH from a 5-day FTET protocol resulted in a slight but significant reduction in the utilisation rate and the percentage of heifers showing oestrus. However, there was no detrimental effect on fertility. As a result, the overall cost of the FTET program can be reduced by eliminating the need for the initial GnRH treatment without compromising fertility. Table 1.Reproductive performance in recipients receiving different doses of gonadotrophin-releasing hormone (GnRH) at initiation of the synchronization protocol Treatment Oestrus (n) Utilisation rate (n) P/ET1 D41 (n) P/ET D63 (n) Pregnancy loss (n) No GnRH 69.2%B (621/898) 85.0%B (763/898) 41.6% (308/740) 39.9% (268/672) 4.3% (12/280) Single GnRH 76.1%A (685/900) 88.8%A (799/900) 42.7% (329/770) 39.5% (272/689) 6.5% (19/291) Double GnRH 75.3%A (671/891) 88.7%A (790/891) 41.5% (314/757) 38.9% (265/681) 5.4% (15/280) A,BValues with different superscripts within a column differ (P&lt;0.05). 1P/ET=pregnancies per embryo transfer.

101 Treatment with gonadotrophin-releasing hormone on Day 7 or 21 does not reduce pregnancy loss in dairy heifers receiving invitro-produced embryos

2020 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 176
Author(s):  
B. J. Duran ◽  
R. V. Sala ◽  
P. L. J. Monteiro ◽  
C. Gamarra ◽  
M. Fosado ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Embryo Transfer ◽  
Pregnancy Loss ◽  
Body Condition Score ◽  
Prostaglandin F2α ◽  
P Value ◽  
Releasing Hormone ◽  
Dairy Heifers ◽  
Condition Score ◽  
Pregnancy Status ◽  
Gonadotrophin Releasing Hormone

Previous research has shown that induction of an accessory corpus luteum (CL) by administration of gonadotrophin-releasing hormone (GnRH) on Day 5 increases circulating progesterone and reduces pregnancy loss between Days 33 and 60 in heifers receiving invitro-produced (IVP) embryos. Therefore, the objective of the present study was to determine whether timing of induction of an accessory CL influenced pregnancy loss in IVP recipients. Holstein heifers (n=1,658) were synchronized using a modified 5-day CIDR CO-Synch protocol. Briefly, heifers received an intravaginal progesterone device (CIDR) on Day −8, Day −3: CIDR removed and first prostaglandin F2α (PGF2α) treatment, Day −2: second PGF2α, and Day 0: GnRH (G1, 100µg of gonadorelin acetate). Oestrus expression was evaluated on Day 0 with the use of an oestrus detection device. Transfer of fresh IVP embryos was performed on Day 7±1 after G1. At the time of transfer, heifers were randomly assigned, in a 2×2 factorial design, to receive GnRH (200µg of gonadorelin acetate) or remain as Control (untreated) at two different times: Day 7 (time of embryo transfer (ET)) or Day 21. Thus, the following groups were formed: Control-Control (n=410); Control-GnRH (n=409); GnRH-Control (n=419); and GnRH-GnRH (n=420). All heifers were evaluated by transrectal ultrasonography to determine number, size, and location of CL on Days 5, 14, 21, 28, 32, and 60 and pregnancy status on Days 28, 32, and 60. Data collected from each heifer included embryo stage and quality, oestrus expression, body condition score, number of transfers, and technician. Pregnancies per embryo transfer (P/ET) and pregnancy loss data were analysed by logistic regression (SAS 9.4). Ovulation to Day 7 treatment was greater (P&lt;0.01) in GnRH treated heifers (70.0%; 585 out of 836) than in untreated Controls (2.7%; 22 of 819). Ovulation to Day 21 treatment was determined only in animals pregnant at Day 28 and was greater (P&lt;0.01) in heifers treated with GnRH (37.6%; 153 of 407) than in untreated controls (1.0%; 4 of 390). There was no effect of Day 7 treatment (P&gt;0.68) or Day 21 treatment (P&gt;0.18), nor a Day 7×Day 21 treatment interaction (P&gt;0.48) on P/ET at Day 32 or 60 (Table 1). Treatment with GnRH on Day 7 or 21 did not alter pregnancy loss between Days 32 and 60 (P&gt;0.10). Heifers with an accessory CL present at Day 32 (11.7%; 41 of 350) had similar (P=0.55) pregnancy loss compared with heifers with no accessory CL (14.4%; 54 of 375). The number of CL present on Day 32 did not affect (P=0.23) pregnancy loss; however, heifers with 3 CL (4.9%; 3 of 61) tended (P&lt;0.10) to have reduced pregnancy loss compared with heifers with 1 CL (14.4%; 54 of 375) or 2 CL (13.2%; 38 of 289). In conclusion, treatment with GnRH on Day 7 or 21 induced an accessory CL; however, it did not affect P/ET on Days 32 or 60 and pregnancy loss. Table 1.Pregnancies per embryo transfer (P/ET) and pregnancy loss in embryo recipients based on timing of treatment with gonadotrophin-releasing hormone (GnRH) Treatment P/ET Day 32% (n) P/ET Day 60% (n) Pregnancy loss% (n) Day 7 Day 21 Control Control 42.4 (410) 36.1 (410) 15.0 (174) GnRH 46.0 (409) 40.7 (409) 11.7 (188) GnRH Control 43.7 (419) 36.8 (419) 15.9 (183) P-value GnRH 43.1 (420) 38.8 (420) 10.0 (181) Day 7 treatment 0.68 0.72 0.96 Day 21 treatment 0.51 0.18 0.11 Interaction 0.48 0.66 0.71

110 TREATMENT WITH GnRH ON DAY 5 REDUCES PREGNANCY LOSS IN HEIFERS RECEIVING IN VITRO-PRODUCED EXPANDED BLASTOCYSTS

2016 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 185 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Garcia-Guerra ◽  
R. V. Sala ◽  
G. M. Baez ◽  
M. Fosado ◽  
L. F. Melo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Embryo Transfer ◽  
Pregnancy Loss ◽  
Body Condition Score ◽  
Prostaglandin F2α ◽  
Gonadotropin Releasing Hormone ◽  
Crown Rump Length ◽  
Releasing Hormone ◽  
Embryo Size ◽  
Embryo Stage

The hypothesis was that GnRH on Day 5 of a synchronized cycle in embryo transfer recipients would increase progesterone (P4) concentrations, embryo size, and fertility. Holstein and cross-bred Holstein heifers (n = 1562) were synchronized using a modified 5-day CIDR Co-Synch as follows: Day –8 CIDR inserted; Day –3 CIDR removed; prostaglandin F2α treatment; Day –2 second prostaglandin F2α; Day 0 gonadotropin-releasing hormone (G1, 100 μg of gonadorelin acetate) to induce ovulation. On Day 5.5, heifers were assigned in a completely randomised design to 1 of 2 treatments: Control (untreated) or GnRH (200 μg of gonadorelin acetate). Transfer of fresh in vitro-produced embryos was performed between d 6 and 8 after G1. Data collected from each heifer included embryo stage and quality, body condition score, technician, interval from G1 to transfer, and number of previous transfers. All heifers were evaluated by transrectal ultrasonography on Day 5, 33, and 62 and a subset of heifers was scanned on Day 12 (n = 718; to determine ovulation to treatment) and another subset on Day 33 (n = 296; 16-s video to determine embryo and amniotic vesicle size). Serum P4 was determined from a subset of heifers on Day 12 (n = 467). Fertility data were analysed by logistic regression (LOGISTIC procedure, SAS 9.4), whereas continuous outcomes were analysed by ANOVA (MIXED procedure). Ovulation to Day 5.5 gonadotropin-releasing hormone was 83.9% (302/360) in GnRH-treated heifers v. 3.3% (12/358) in Control (P < 0.001). Progesterone on Day 12 was greater in GnRH-treated heifers 7.2 ± 0.1 ng mL–1 v. Controls 6.0 ± 0.1 ng mL–1 (P < 0.001). There was an effect of embryo stage at Day 33 and 60 of pregnancy, with Stage 7 having greater P/ET than Stage 6 embryos. Treatment with GnRH did not alter pregnancy per embryo transfer with either embryo stage but decreased pregnancy loss in Stage 7 embryos, as shown in Table 1. Embryo size measured as crown-rump length (CRL) did not differ, as shown in Table 1. Similarly, amniotic vesicle volume (AVV) was not different between GnRH (549.1 ± 16 mm3) and Control (543.5 ± 14 mm3; P = 0.86), nor was there an interaction between treatment and embryo stage (P = 0.71). In addition, neither AVV (P = 0.22) nor CRL (P = 0.41) were associated with pregnancy loss between Day 33 and 60. In conclusion, treatment with GnRH on Day 5 resulted in increased P4 and a reduction in pregnancy loss in heifers receiving a Stage 7 embryo without changing conceptus size. Table 1.Pregnancies per embryo transfer (P/ET), crown-rump length (CRL), and pregnancy loss in embryo recipients receiving gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) on Day 5.5 v. control

P–532 Embryo quality needs to be considered as a main criterion when selecting mosaic embryos for transfer

2021 ◽  
Vol 36 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
C Escriba ◽  
A Alambiaga ◽  
M Benavent ◽  
C Miret ◽  
A Garcia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Embryo Transfer ◽  
Maternal Age ◽  
Embryo Quality ◽  
Implantation Rate ◽  
Small Population ◽  
Low Risk ◽  
P Value ◽  
P Values ◽  
Mosaic Embryo ◽  
Implantation Rates

Abstract Study question Should we consider embryo quality as one of the most important criteria to follow when transferring a mosaic embryo? Summary answer Embryo quality is an implantation biomarker both for euploid and mosaic embryos, and also a determinant for selecting the most eligible mosaic for transfer. What is known already Several studies show the benefit of transferring mosaic embryos when there are no euploid embryos to transfer, and they still result in ongoing pregnancies and what is more important is that they result in healthy babies. Studies and guidelines suggest prioritizing mosaic embryos based on maternal age, chromosomes impacted, percentage of aneuploidy, number of chromosomes involved, type of mosaic (simple vs complex, segmental vs complete, monosomy vs trisomy) but embryo quality is never part of these criteria. Studies claim that mosaic implantation rate is lower than euploid embryos, but they never show if both populations are comparable in terms of quality. Study design, size, duration This is a retrospective observational study performed in a private centre between February 2018 and January 2020. The study includes the data analysis of 96 euploid blastocysts and 14 low risk mosaic blastocysts (defining low risk regarding chromosome syndromes and less than 50% level mosaicism). All transferred in single embryo transfer (SET) to 105 patients after PGT-A (mean maternal age 38,9 years). The SET factor enables us to track the implantation outcome of all embryos. Participants/materials, setting, methods PGT-A with NGS technology was offered to patients of advanced maternal age and/or with repeated IVF failures. Trophectoderm biopsies were performed on day 5 and/or day 6 embryos, with laser assistance. Blastocyst morphology was scored in 3 groups: A: excellent (AA, AB, BA), B: good (BB), C: average and poor-quality embryos (BC, CB, CC). (Gardner-Schoolcraft classification) Low risk mosaic embryo transfer was offered to patients with no euploid embryos to transfer. Main results and the role of chance We found no significant differences between both populations (euploid and mosaic embryos) in terms of embryo quality (Chi^2 p-value =0,0975) so we were able to compare the overall implantation of similar quality populations. Despite euploid implantation being higher as described in most studies, no statistical differences (Chi^2 p-value = 0,4344) were found in terms of implantation rates between mosaic (57,0%) and euploid (67,6%) blastocysts during the same period. There are no differences between the mean age of both groups (39,7 vs 38,8 years, respectively). The implantation rates for euploid blastocysts were 79,5% (n = 39), 62,7% (n = 51) and 33,3% (n = 6) in the A, B and C blastocyst quality groups, respectively, showing significative differences among the three groups. The implantation rates of low-risk mosaic blastocysts were 100% (n = 3), 62,5% (n = 8) and 0,0% (n = 3) in the A, B and C blastocyst morphology groups, respectively, showing also still significant differences among the three groups despite the small population. (Chi^2 p-values according to implantation: Euploid =0,0434; Mosaic=0,0419) We have also compared the three quality categories between both populations showing no significative differences (Chi^2 p-values according to quality: A = 0,4344; B = 0,9894; C = 0,2568), concluding that same quality embryos behave the same way despite being euploid or mosaic. Limitations, reasons for caution The study is limited by its retrospective nature and the low number of mosaic embryos transferred as they are the last option for transfer. Additionally, it is common to transfer more than one mosaic embryo to increase the chances of pregnancy, therefore losing implantation track. Wider implications of the findings: Embryo quality has always been a strong biomarker predictable for implantation and this is also true for mosaic embryos as well. It is a simple concept, but we cannot compare implantation potential of euploid embryos with mosaic embryos without describing both populations in terms of quality. Trial registration number Not applicable

172 PREGNANCY RATES AND EARLY PREGNANCY LOSSES IN POSTPARTUM EQUINE EMBRYO RECIPIENTS

2010 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 244
Author(s):  
M. E. Demarchi ◽  
A. M. Tirone ◽  
J. Aguilar ◽  
L. Losinno
Keyword(s):  
Embryo Transfer ◽  
Early Pregnancy ◽  
Pregnancy Loss ◽  
Early Pregnancy Loss ◽  
Transfer Program ◽  
Transfer Programs ◽  
Embryo Transfer Program ◽  
Breeding Seasons ◽  
In Pregnancy ◽  
Loss Rates

In commercial equine embryo transfer programs, the cost of recipient mares represents one of the major economical items that increases the final cost of the pregnancies (Douglas 1985; Losinno and Alvarenga 2006). Due to the risks to newborn foal, it is uncommon to use foaling recipients in the large equine embryo transfer programs in Argentina. The objective of this study was to evaluate pregnancy and early embryonic loss rates between foaling and non-foaling recipients in a commercial embryo transfer program. A total of 173 embryos were collected from Arabian donor mares during 3 consecutive breeding seasons, 2006-2009. Donor mare’s ages ranged from 2 to 22 years, and donors were inseminated with either fresh or frozen semen from 8 stallions 2-17 years old and of proved fertility. Uterine flushing was performed on Day 8 to 9 post-ovulation by standard techniques (Douglas 1985) and recovered embryos were transferred nonsurgically. Recipient mares 3-12 years old were selected clinically by rectal palpation and ultrasound. All embryos were transferred to synchronized recipient mares (-1 to +1 according to donor’s ovulation day) and randomly assigned to non-foaling (n = 84) or foaling (n = 89) recipient groups. For the analysis, we first considered pregnancy and early pregnancy loss rates in both groups, and second, the foaling mares were divided in 3 groups according to the days between foaling and transfer: 1) before 30 days postpartum (n = 10), 2) between 31 and 60 days postpartum (n = 30), and 3) after 61 days postpartum (n = 49). Pregnancy diagnosis was performed by ultrasonography on Days 14, 30, and 60 post-ovulation of the donor. Results were evaluated by chi-square test. No statistical differences (P > 0.05) were observed in pregnancy rates between non-foaling and foaling recipients (76.2% and 80.9%, respectively) and in post-foaling groups (80% for recipients transferred before 30 days postpartum, 73.3% for recipients transferred between 31 to 60 days postpartum, and 85.7% for recipients transferred after 61 days postpartum). No statistical differences (P > 0.05) were found in pregnancy loss rates between recipients transferred before 30 and after 61 days postpartum (25% v. 4.8%, respectively) and between recipients transferred before 30 days postpartum and the non-foaling group (25% v. 10.9%, respectively). Pregnancy loss rates for recipients transferred after 31 and 61 days postpartum (9.1% and 4.8%, respectively) were not significantly different with the non-foaling group, and both are within previously reported values. Our results show that postpartum recipients can be used 30 days after normal foaling in a commercial embryo transfer program with similar pregnancy and early pregnancy loss rates and can be a valuable tool maximizing the use of the recipient mares during consecutive breeding seasons.

290 OPTIMAL OF DOSE OF OVINE PITUITARY GLAND EXTRACT OVAGEN® FOR SUPERSTIMULATION OF BEEF COW DONORS IN ARGENTINA

2009 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 242
Author(s):  
G. Brogliatti ◽  
J. Villarreal ◽  
L. Cutaia ◽  
A. Albrech ◽  
A. Garcia Guerra ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pituitary Gland ◽  
Total Dose ◽  
Embryo Transfer ◽  
Buenos Aires ◽  
Optimal Dose ◽  
Recommended Dose ◽  
Transfer Program ◽  
Embryo Viability ◽  
Gland Extract ◽  
Donor Cows

The success of an embryo transfer program is measured by the number of calves born alive by female donor in a given period. The success is influenced by several factors related to the number of ovulations, fertilization rate, and embryo viability (Armstrong D 1993 Theriogenology 39, 7–24). One of the main inconveniences of embryo transfer programs is the variability of superovulatory response to treatments. An experiment was designed to determine the optimal dose of ovine pituitary gland extract Ovagen® (ICPbio, Ltd., Auckland, New Zealand) for inducing superovulation in Aberdeen Angus donor cows. Sixty cycling multiparous donors with a condition score between 3.5 and 4.5 (Scale 1 to 5) were used. All donors received an intravaginal progesterone device DIB (1 g of Progesterone, Syntex, Buenos Aires, Argentina), along with 2 mg of EB (Estradiol Benzoate, Syntex, Buenos Aires, Argentina) and 50 mg of progesterone (Laboratorio Rio de Janeiro, Argentina) on Day 0. Superestimulatory treatment began on Day 4 and donors were randomly assigned to 3 treatment groups according to the total dose of NIADDK-oFSH-Z (Ovagen®) as follows: Group 1, cows received the total dose recommended by the manufacturer (100%* Group), 17.6 mg; Group 2, cows received 75% of the total dose recommended by manufacturer (75% Group), 13.2 mg and Group 3, cows received 50% of the total dose recommended by manufacturer (50% Group), 8.8 mg. All cows received two 150 μg of D+ cloprostenol IM (Ciclase, Syntex) injections on Day 6 given at 12 h interval. DIB was removed on Day 7 a.m. On Day 8 a.m., cows received 0.05 mg of GnRH IM (Gonasyn, Syntex). Fixed time AI was done on Day 8 p.m. and Day 9 a.m. with high quality frozen–thawed semen. On Day 15 embryo collection was performed by non-surgically method and evaluated by developmental stage and quality. The efficiency of superestimulatory response was evaluated by total amount of collected ova-embryos, fertilized ova and embryos Grade 1, 2, and 3, (according to IETS manual). One way AOV test was used to compare variables among groups and results are shown in Table 1. A significant increase in total CL was observed for the groups receiving 75% or 100% of the recommended dose with respect to the group receiving 50% of that dose. There was also a significant greater number of grade 1 embryos for the groups receiving 75% or 100% of the dose than in the group receiving 50% of the recommended dose. There were no differences for any of the evaluated parameters between 75% and 100% dose groups. These results suggest that acceptable superstimulatory responses can be obtained using reduced doses of Ovagen® in Aberdeen Angus donor cows. (*) the percentage makes reference to the total dose recommended by the laboratory of origin. Table 1.Embryo collection results of superstimulated donors with different dose* of NIADDK-oFSH-Z (Ovagen) Research supported by Syntex S.A. and Eolia S.A.

P–367 A comparison of frozen-thawed embryo transfer protocols in 3,478 frozen embryo transfers

2021 ◽  
Vol 36 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
V Bellemare ◽  
E Kadou. Peero ◽  
I Feferkorn ◽  
W Buckett
Keyword(s):  
Embryo Transfer ◽  
Endometrial Thickness ◽  
Oocyte Retrieval ◽  
Natural Cycle ◽  
Female Age ◽  
Stage Embryo ◽  
Embryo Stage ◽  
Embryo Grade ◽  
Frozen Thawed Embryo Transfer ◽  
Thawed Embryo Transfer

Abstract Study question What frozen-thawed embryo transfer (FET) protocol is associated with the highest live birth rate (LBR)? Summary answer: Natural cycle FET (NC-FET), with or without hCG triggering are associated with higher LBR and clinical pregnancy rate (CPR) compared to artificial HRT-FET cycles. What is known already FET cycles (as opposed to fresh ET) are now the most frequently performed treatment in ART. There are many reasons for this including better laboratory cryopreservation techniques, increased single ET cycles, freeze-all cycles to reduce OHSS, as well as PGT-A and personalized ET. Nevertheless, there is no clear consensus on the most effective protocol. Study design, size, duration Retrospective cohort study with FET of cleavage (n = 220) and blastocyst (n = 3258) embryos thawed 2013–2018 in a single academic center. FET protocols were NC-FET (n = 182), artificial HRT-FET (n = 3159) and modified NC (mNC) with hCG triggering (n = 137). Other cycles (gonadotrophin or GnRH agonist) and women with uterine anomalies were excluded. Primary outcome was LBR. Secondary outcomes were CPR, visits per cycle and endometrial thickness. Adjustment was made for potential known confounders. Participants/materials, setting, methods In NC-FET, no medication was given and ET timing was by serum LH surge. In mNC-FET, hCG was given when the lead follicle reached 18mm rather than awaiting the LH surge. In artificial HRT-FET, estradiol valerate was given and once endometrial thickness reached 8mm, progesterone was added and ET was planned. Adjustment for female age at oocyte retrieval, embryo stage, embryo grade, year of freezing, year of thawing, infertility cause and endometrial thickness was performed. Main results and the role of chance There were no significant differences between the groups with regard to female age at oocyte retrieval, embryo stage, embryo grade, embryo number, cycle number and endometrial thickness. As expected, more women with irregular cycles were included in the artificial HRT-FET compared to NC-FET (16.1% vs. 8.2%, p = 0.003) and mNC-FET (16.1% vs. 4.1%, p &lt; 0.0001). There were more visits per cycle in NC-FET and mNC-FET compared to artificial HRT_FET (p &lt; 0.0001). LBR was higher in the mNC-FET (38.0%) and NC-FET (31.9%) compared to artificial HRT_FET (20.2%) (p = 0.0001 and p = 0.0003 respectively). CPR was higher in mNC-FET compared to artificial HRT-FET (45.3% vs. 32.3%, p = 0.0002), and in NC-FET compared to artificial HRT-FET (44.5% vs. 32.3%, p = 0.0009). There was no significant difference in LBR or CPR between NC-FET and mNC-FET. Sub-analysis of the first FET showed similar results. Biochemical pregnancy loss and miscarriage rates were similar in all groups. The higher LBR with NC-FET and mNC-FET remained significant even after adjusting for potential confounders, (aOR 2.42, 95%CI: 1.53–3.66, p &lt; 0.0001). Limitations, reasons for caution The interpretation of the findings of this study is limited by the retrospective nature of the analysis and the potential for unmeasured confounding variables. Wider implications of the findings: Although artificial HRT FET cycles are more common, convenient and practical for clinicians, with less visits per cycle, its use must be cautiously reconsidered in light of the potential negative effect on LBR when compared with natural cycle FET. Trial registration number Not applicable

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