121 Comparing Two Superstimulation Protocols Prior to Ovum Pick-Up in Dromedary Camel

2018 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 200
Author(s):  
T. Ararooti ◽  
A. Niasari-Naslaji ◽  
K. Razavi
Keyword(s):  
Single Dose ◽  
Prostaglandin F2α ◽  
Gonadotropin Releasing Hormone ◽  
Dromedary Camel ◽  
Gnrh Analogue ◽  
Follicular Waves ◽  
Follicle Diameter ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Good Number ◽  
Group 1

The objective of this study was to investigate different superstimulation protocol before oum pick-up (OPU) to increase the number of follicles suitable for puncture in dromedary camel. Follicular waves were synchronized using two intramuscular administrations of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) analogue (Alarelin, 25 µg, Vetaroline®, Aburaihan, Iran) 12 to 15 days apart. Two days after the second GnRH (Day 0 of experiment), donors were assigned into 2 groups (n = 6 in each group) receiving different amounts of eCG (Pregnecol®, Bioniche, Canada; intramuscular) and FSH (Folltropin-V®, Bioniche, Canada; intramuscular). Groups 1 and 2 received the respective amounts of eCG (3000 and 2000 IU) and FSH (200 and 160 mg). The eCG was administered as a single dose at the start of superstimulation and FSH was delivered twice daily in decreasing doses (group 1: 40, 30, 20, 10 mg; group 2: 30, 20, 20, 10 mg) between Days 0 and 3. On Day 4 of superstimulation, camel received 2 doses of prostaglandin F2α analogue (25 mg of dinoprost tromethamine; Lutalyse®, Pfizer, Belgium; intramuscular), 12 h apart and were examined by ultrasonography in the morning to record ovarian follicles (≥4 mm in diameter). Data were analysed using GLM procedure followed by Tukey in SAS (SAS Institute Inc., Cary, NC, USA). Data were presented as mean ± SEM. On Day 4 of superstimulation, the average follicle diameter was similar in group 1 (6.4 ± 0.16 mm) and group 2 (7.4 ± 0.33 mm; P > 0.05). The total number of follicles were different between group 1 (15.5 ± 1.75) and group 2 (4.7 ± 0.71; P < 0.001). Total number of follicles ≤6 was significantly greater in group 1 (6.2 ± 0.95) than in group 2 (1.2 ± 0.60; P < 0.05). Total number of follicles >6 mm in group 1 (9.3 ± 1.20) was greater than in group 2 (3.5 ± 0.76; P < 0.01). In conclusion, superstimulation with eCG (3000 IU) and FSH (200 mg) could provide a relatively good number of follicles for aspiration in OPU program of dromedary camel.

scholarly journals EFEK PENYUNTIKAN PROSTAGLANDIN F2α (PGF2α) TERHADAP TIMBUL DAN LAMA BIRAHI SAPI BALI PADA PARITAS YANG BERBEDA

2019 ◽  
Vol 44 (2) ◽  
pp. 141
Author(s):  
Abdul Malik
Keyword(s):  
Single Dose ◽  
Prostaglandin F2α ◽  
Estrus Synchronization ◽  
Group 4 ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Estrus Response ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Time Required ◽  
Group 1

The objective of this study was to evaluate of Effect of injection Prostaglandin F2α on the time required for onset of estrus and estrus durations in Bali cattle with differences of Paritas. A total of 24 Bali cows were divided into four groups, each group was consisting of 6 cows.  Group 1 samples is heifer’s, group 2, samples was paritas1, group 3, samples was paritas 2 and group 4, samples was paritas 3.  All  cows were normal  tract of reproduction  with showing regular cyclic activities and having active of corpus luteum. The parameters in this study were determined including the time required for onset of estrus and duration of estrus. The result showed that percentage estrus response and duration of estrus were non-significant difference (P>0.05) between heifers and paritas 1, 2, and 3 after estrus synchronization with single dose of prostaglandin F2α. It was concluded that injection of PGF2α on heifers and Paritas 1,2 and 3 were  similar result on the time required for onset of estrus and duration of estrus.

Administration of Single-Dose Antibiotic Does Not Decrease Oronasal Fistula Rates After Primary Palatoplasty

2021 ◽  
pp. 105566562199265
Author(s):  
Ishwarya Shradha Mamidi ◽  
Esperanza Mantilla-Rivas ◽  
Brynne A. Ichiuji ◽  
Md Sohel Rana ◽  
Karen I. Ramirez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Single Dose ◽  
Fistula Formation ◽  
Readmission Rates ◽  
Oronasal Fistula ◽  
Inadequate Sample Size ◽  
Perioperative Antibiotics ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
National Databases ◽  
Group 1

Objective: Oronasal fistula (ONF) is a known complication after primary palatoplasty (PP). Studies investigating the effect of perioperative antibiotics on fistula rates after PP are limited by inadequate sample size or reliance on self-reporting through national databases. In this study, the authors evaluated the association between single-dose perioperative antibiotics and postoperative fistula rates after PP at a single institution. Design: A retrospective study. Participants: Children younger than 2 years who underwent PP from April 2009 to September 2019 were included. Interventions: Patients were divided into 2 categories: Group 1 received a single intraoperative dose of IV antibiotic, while group 2 did not. Main Outcome Measure(s): Outcome measures included ONF formation, length of stay (LOS), and 30-day readmission rates. Multivariable firth logistic regression, quantile regression, and χ2 tests were performed. Results: Of the 424 patients, 215 and 209 patients were in groups 1 and 2, respectively. The overall ONF rate was 1.9% among all patients. Patients in group 1 experienced an ONF rate of 3.3%, while patients in group 2 had an ONF rate of 0.5%. After correcting for confounding variables, the difference in ONF rates was not statistically different ( P = .68). Median LOS was 35.7 hours and 35.5 hours ( P = .17), while the rate of readmission within 30 days was 4.7% and 2.4% for group 1 and 2, respectively ( P = .96). Conclusions: Administration of a single-dose perioperative antibiotic did not decrease fistula formation after PP, nor did it affect the patient’s LOS or 30-day readmission rate.

scholarly journals Anti-CD28 Monoclonal Antibody Therapy Prevents Chronic Rejection of Renal Allografts in Rats

2002 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 519-527
Author(s):  
Igor A. Laskowski ◽  
Johann Pratschke ◽  
Markus J. Wilhelm ◽  
Victor M. Dong ◽  
Francisca Beato ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Single Dose ◽  
T Cell ◽  
Chronic Rejection ◽  
Interstitial Fibrosis ◽  
Inflammatory Factors ◽  
Renal Allografts ◽  
Short Course ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

ABSTRACT. The effects of a signaling anti-CD28 mAb (JJ319), which interferes with the CD28-B7 T cell costimulation pathway thought to be involved in the development of chronic rejection of organ transplants, was investigated. Functional, morphologic, and molecular changes in rat renal allografts were examined up to 24 wk after placement. Control Lewis rats, recipients of F344 kidneys, received a single dose of a nonspecific mouse mAb intravenously on the day of transplantation (group 1). Group 2 animals were given anti-CD28 mAb in similar fashion. Group 3 animals were treated with a short course of cyclosporin A (CsA), and group 4 received both anti-CD 28 mAb and CsA. The majority (>95%) of animals in groups 2, 3, and 4 survived throughout the follow-up, compared with 28% in group 1 (P < 0.001). Group 2 and 4 recipients produced negligible proteinuria, whereas group 1 controls developed progressively increasing proteinuria after 4 wk and group 3 animals developed proteinuria by 24 wk. Allografts in groups 2 and 4 were morphologically unremarkable at 24 wk. Kidneys of group 1 animals rapidly developed changes of acute rejection, and those that survived long-term showed extensive glomerulosclerosis and interstitial fibrosis. Changes of early chronic rejection were noted in group 3 grafts. By reverse transcriptase–PCR, expression of representative inflammatory factors interferon-γ and interleukin-10 were significantly elevated at 24 wk only in the surviving group 1 animals. A single dose of a signaling anti-CD28 mAb administered at transplantation or in combination with a short course of CsA significantly prolonged recipient survival, normalized function, and preserved the morphology of renal allografts in an established model of chronic rejection. These data support an important role for T cell costimulation in the evolution of the chronic process.

scholarly journals Artificial induction of lactation in cattle

2010 ◽  
Vol 39 (10) ◽  
pp. 2268-2272 ◽  
Author(s):  
Priscila Ribeiro Corradi Freitas ◽  
Sandra Gesteira Coelho ◽  
Euler Rabelo ◽  
Ângela Maria Quintão Lana ◽  
Maria Alexandra Torres Artunduaga ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prostaglandin F2α ◽  
Estradiol Benzoate ◽  
Milk Composition ◽  
Regression Analyses ◽  
Dry Period ◽  
Recombinant Bovine Somatotropin ◽  
Artificial Induction ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Scheme Evaluation ◽  
Group 1

Forty Holstein cows, with previous reproductive problems, empty, at second or more lactations, with an average milk production of 9,200 kg in the previous lactation and a dry period over than 50 days were distruibuted in two groups to evaluate two protocols of milking induction. It was given to group 1, on days one, eight and 21 recombinant bovine somatotropin-bSTr (500 mg); from day two to eight, estradiol cypionate (0.075 mg/kg BW) and medroxi progesterone acetate (0.25 mg/kg BW); from days nine to 15, estradiol cypionate (0.037 mg/kg BW); on day 19, prostaglandin F2α (0.530 mg) and from days 19 to 21, isoflupredone acetate (0.05 mg/kg BW). Group two was given, on days one, eight and 21, bSTr (500 mg), from days 2 to 15, estradiol benzoate (0.071 mg/kg BW), from days two to eight, acetate of medroxi progesterone (0.25 mg/kg BW), day 19, prostaglandin F2α(0.530 mg) and from days 19 to 21 isoflupredone acetate, (0.05 mg/kg BW). Teats and udders of all cows were massaged for five minutes from day 17 to 21. Milking were carried out from the 22nd day of induction. After beginning of lactation, both groups were given bsTr (500 mg) every 14 days. It was used a complete random design with 20 replicates per treatment and a split-plot scheme. Evaluation of the protocols was carried out by using analyses of variance using Fisher´s test at 5% and production of milking per day using regression analyses. Milking was successfully induced in 85% of the animals. Animals from group 2 showed production mean 21.9 ± 12.9 kg of milk/day which was higher than group 1 mean 18.9 ± 11.5 kg of milk/day. There was no difference for milk composition in either groups. Twenty-nine cows were inseminated and 41.1% became pregnant.

scholarly journals Pharmacokinetics of a New Pharmaceutical Form of Vitamin D3 100,000 IU in Soft Capsule

Nutrients ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 703 ◽  
Author(s):  
Romuald Mentaverri ◽  
Jean-Claude Souberbielle ◽  
Gilles Brami ◽  
Christelle Daniel ◽  
Patrice Fardellone
Keyword(s):  
Single Dose ◽  
Vitamin D3 ◽  
Oral Solution ◽  
Wilcoxon Test ◽  
Late Winter ◽  
Reference Drug ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
New Formulation ◽  
Group 1

Vitamin D deficiency is frequent in the general population and both subjects and health professionals could benefit from a broader range of vitamin D3 formulations. We conducted a single-dose, open-label, parallel-group, randomized bioequivalence study to compare a single dose of a newly developed vitamin D3 100,000 IU in a soft capsule (Group 1) with the reference drug vitamin D3 100,000 IU oral solution in ampoule (Group 2) in healthy volunteers over a four-month period. The primary endpoint was the area under the curve (AUC) of serum 25-hydroxyvitamin-D (25(OH)D) concentrations on Day 112. This study was conducted in France from February to June 2014 in 53 young adults with a mean age of 26.9 years. At baseline, low mean serum 25(OH)D levels were observed in both groups (10.6 ng/mL in Group 1 and 9.0 ng/mL in Group 2). On Day 112, the AUC of serum 25(OH)D concentration was 2499.4 ± 463.8 nmol/mL (7.8 ± 0.2 for LogAUC) for Group 1 and 2152.3 ± 479.8 nmol/mL (7.6 ± 0.2 for LogAUC) for Group 2. Bioequivalence of the two treatments was not demonstrated. Superiority of vitamin D3 100,000 IU soft capsule was observed with p = 0.029 for AUC and p = 0.03 for LogAUC using a non-parametric Wilcoxon test. The profile of the serum 25(OH)D concentration showed a significant difference in favor of Group 1 on Days 1, 3, 7, 14 and 90. Mean serum 25(OH)D concentrations in Group 1 were between 20 and 30 ng/mL during the four-month period and under 20 ng/mL throughout the study in Group 2, except on Day 112. Mean Cmax for Group 1 was significantly higher (p = 0.002). Fourteen days were needed to reach Tmax by more than half the subjects in Group 1 compared to 45 days in Group 2. Both treatments were well tolerated, with no severe or related adverse events reported. In conclusion, the pharmacokinetic profile of the new formulation of vitamin D3 100,000 IU soft capsule is superior to that of the oral solution in ampoule. The new formulation increased serum 25(OH)D levels to above 20 ng/mL and maintained levels from 20 ng/mL to 30 ng/mL for four months in late winter and spring.

Effects of progesterone withdrawal on uterine secretion of prostaglandin F2α in response to oxytocin in ewes

1997 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 255 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. A. Kaminski ◽  
S. H. Hayes ◽  
W. J. Silvia
Keyword(s):  
Venous Blood ◽  
Prostaglandin F2α ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Group 4 ◽  
Sham Surgery ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Ovine Uterus ◽  
Group 1

Two experiments were conducted to determine if withdrawal of progesterone during the luteal phase of the oestrous cycle affected the ability of the ovine uterus to secrete prostaglandin F2α(PGF2α ) in response to oxytocin. In Experiment 1, 18 ewes were ovariectomized on Day 9 and Day 12 after oestrus. Ewes were subdivided into three treatment groups (n= 6 per group): Group-1 ewes underwent sham surgery; Group-2 ewes received oestradiol (OVX + O); and Group-3 ewes received oestradiol + progesterone (OVX + O,P). Oxytocin was administered to each ewe on Days 10, 13 and 15 after oestrus. Concentrations of 13,14-dihydro-15-keto-PGF2α (PGFM) were determined in samples of jugular venous blood for 2 h after oxytocin challenge. The magnitude of the PGFM response 24 h after ovariectomy was greater (P < 0·1) in ewes from which progesterone had been withdrawn (OVX + O) than in ewes in which progesterone was maintained (intact controls and OVX + O,P). Therefore, progesterone appears to exert an inhibitory effect on uterine secretory responsiveness to oxytocin which is removed by progesterone withdrawal. In Experiment 2, ewes were ovariectomized on Day 11 and assigned to 1 of 4 treatment groups (n = 6 per group): Group 1, no steroid replacement (OVX); Group 2, oestradiol replacement (OVX + O); Group 3, progesterone replacement (OVX + P); or Group 4, progesterone+oestradiol replacement (OVX + O,P). Ewes received oxytocin on Day 12 and Day 15. On Day 12, uterine secretory responsiveness to oxytocin was greatest in ewes in the OVX + O group (P < 0 · 1). Responsiveness was low in ewes in the OVX group, as it was in ewes in both groups that received progesterone replacement. Therefore, the increase in uterine secretory responsiveness to oxytocin following progesterone withdrawal is dependent on oestradiol replacement.

351 A COMPARISON OF 2 APPROACHES FOR THE USE OF GnRH TO SYNCHRONIZE FOLLICLE WAVE EMERGENCE FOR SUPEROVULATION

2015 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 263 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. H. Hinshaw ◽  
M. L. Switzer ◽  
R. J. Mapletoft ◽  
G. A. Bó
Keyword(s):  
Mixed Models ◽  
Animal Health ◽  
Treatment Protocol ◽  
Prostaglandin F2α ◽  
Random Variable ◽  
Crossover Design ◽  
Dominant Follicle ◽  
Follicular Wave ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

Although oestradiol has been used successfully to synchronize follicle wave emergence for superovulation, it cannot be used in many countries. Attention has turned to alternatives, including the use of GnRH to induce ovulation of a dominant follicle, which will be followed by emergence of a new follicular wave in 1 to 2 days. However, GnRH synchronizes follicular wave emergence only when it induces ovulation and administration of GnRH at random stages of the oestrous cycle results in ovulation in less than 60% of animals. The objective of the study was to compare superovulatory response and ova/embryo production following synchronization of follicle wave emergence for superovulation with GnRH administered 2 days after insertion of a progestin device, with a protocol in which GnRH is administered 7 days after administration of prostaglandin F2α and a progestin device. Beef donors of various breeds were placed at random into 1 of 2 groups and superstimulated by replicate so that one cow in each group had ova/embryos collected on the same day. Sixty-six superstimulations were performed in this study; 26 were performed in 13 donors that were superstimulated twice in a crossover design, and 40 donors were superstimulated once (i.e. 20 donors in each treatment group). Cows in group 1 received CIDR devices (Zoetis Animal Health, USA) on Day –2 and 100 μg of GnRH (Cystorelin, Merial USA) on Day 0; FSH treatments were initiated on Day 2 with 288 mg of Folltropin-V (Vetoquinol, Canada) given in twice-daily decreasing doses for 4 days. Prostaglandin F2α (PGF; 35 mg dinoprost, Lutalyse, Zoetis) was given with the last 2 injections of Folltropin-V and CIDR were removed with the last Folltropin-V administration (i.e. Day 6). Donors received a second GnRH at the onset of oestrus and were AI 8 and 20 h later. Donors that were still in standing oestrus at the second AI were AI again at 30 h. Ova/embryo collections were done on Day 14 and embryos were classified according to the IETS manual. Cows in group 2 received an injection of PGF and a CIDR on Day –7 and 100 μg of GnRH on Day 0; FSH treatments were initiated on Day 2 and the remainder of the treatment protocol was as in group 1. Data (total ova/embryos collected and transferable embryos) were analysed by ANOVA for mixed models, using treatment as a fixed variable and cow (i.d.) as a random variable. The group 1 cows produced a mean (± s.e.m.) of 18.6 ± 1.9 total ova/embryos of which 12.7 ± 1.5 were of transferable quality (7.2 ± 1.3 grade 1). Cows in group 2 produced a mean (± s.e.m.) of 19.5 ± 1.7 total ova/embryos, of which 14.8 ± 1.5 were of transferable quality (8.9 ± 1.2 grade 1). Although 2 more transferable embryos were obtained in group 2, differences were not significant (P > 0.3). At the same time as this experiment was done, 214 other cows were superstimulated in this practice, yielding an average of 7.9 transferable embryos per donor. Results suggest that both approaches are efficacious for the superstimulation of beef cows.Special thanks to Vetoquinol/Bioniche Animal Health, USA for support.

118 A retrospective analysis of follicular dynamics, LH, estradiol-17β, and progesterone in prostaglandin F2α-induced estrus of Beetal goats

2019 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 185
Author(s):  
A. Murtaza ◽  
M. I. R. Khan ◽  
W. Ahmad ◽  
T. Sohail ◽  
I. Mohsin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Single Dose ◽  
Corpus Luteum ◽  
Luteal Phase ◽  
Linear Models ◽  
Variable Interval ◽  
Prostaglandin F2α ◽  
Follicle Diameter ◽  
Coefficient Corrélation ◽  
Student’S T ◽  
Follicular Dynamics

The objective of the study was to reveal the factors associated with variable interval to ovulation following a single dose of prostaglandin F2α (PGF2) in Beetal goats. In experiment 1, the extent of ovulation time was demonstrated after synchronizing Beetal goats (n=38) by using a single injection of PGF2 based on corpus luteum detection by B-mode transrectal ultrasonography. Ovulations were detected every 6h from PGF2 until ovulation. To explore the changes in follicular dynamics, endocrine profiles and behavioural events due to the variation in the interval to ovulation, another set of goats (n=13; experiment 2) were synchronized by a single dose of PGF2 given at random days of the luteal phase. Follicular dynamics were monitored every 12h from PGF2 until ovulation and oestrus was detected by apronized bucks every 6h from PGF2 treatment. Blood sampling (3mL) for oestradiol-17β and progesterone was done every 12h from PGF2 until ovulation and every 2h for LH assay by radioimmunoassay. Data were analysed by Student’s t-test, general linear models, and Pearson coefficient correlation (SPSS, version 20.0, SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL, USA). Results revealed that ovulation time varied from 60 to 96h after PGF2, and 57% of ovulations occurred by 72h after PGF2 (experiment 1). Based on this observation, goats (n=13) in second experiment were retrospectively divided into early and late ovulators (i.e. 72 and 84h following PGF2, respectively). Onset of oestrus, peak oestradiol-17β concentration, and LH surge after PGF2 were first observed in early than late ovulators (P&lt;0.05). The goats having greater follicle diameter and smaller corpus luteum diameter at the time of PGF2 ovulated earlier than late ovulators (5.4±0.2v. 4.3±0.2mm and 10±0.6v. 11.8±0.3mm, respectively; P&lt;0.05). Likewise, plasma progesterone concentration tended to be lower (P=0.087) in early than late ovulators. However, interval from onset of oestrus to peak LH and ovulation, duration of standing oestrus, interval from LH peak to ovulation, diameter and growth rate of preovulatory follicles, and number of ovulations were similar (P&gt;0.05) between early and late ovulators. In conclusion, the size of dominant follicle and corpus luteum at the time of PGF2 determines the interval to ovulation following a single dose of PGF2 during the luteal phase.

Effect of Sinorhizobium meliloti lipopolysaccharide on blood cell composition in experiment

2019 ◽  
pp. 20-28
Author(s):  
А.Р. Мавзютов ◽  
Р.Р. Гарафутдинов ◽  
А.Р. Габдрахманова ◽  
И.М. Салахов ◽  
И.Д. Тупиев
Keyword(s):  
Single Dose ◽  
Bacterial Infections ◽  
Sinorhizobium Meliloti ◽  
White Blood Count ◽  
Immunodeficient Mice ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Emergency Myelopoiesis ◽  
Hematopoietic Activity ◽  
Group 1

Липолисахариды (ЛПС, эндотоксины) грамотрицательных бактерий обладают выраженной биологической активностью, в том числе терапевтической, однако для S. meliloti таких данных нет. Цель работы - экспериментальное изучение гемопоэтической активности 4 фракций липополисахаридов, выделенных из S. meliloti, при индуцированном иммунодефиците у мышей. Методика. Сформировано 7 групп лабораторных мышей (по 10 особей в каждой): 1-я группа - интактные (контроль 1), 2-я - 7-я группа - мыши с иммунодефицитным состоянием, индуцированным однократным внутрибрюшинным введением циклофосфамида. Через 1 сут после моделирования иммунодефицита в течение 21 сут ежедневно мышам 3-й группы вводили препарат сравнения Ликопид® (химическое название: [4-O-(2-ацетиламино-2-дезокси-β-D-глюкопиранозил)-N-ацетилмурамил]-L-аланил-D-α-глутамиламид - синтетический аналог бактериальных гликопептидов из группы иммуностимулирующих средств). Мышам 4-7-й групп - вводили исследуемые фракции липолисахаридов - ЛПС-1, ЛПС-2, ЛПС-3 и ЛПС-4 соответственно. Для ликопида разовая доза составляла 0,1 мл (0,05 мг/мл), для исследуемых фракций ЛПС S. meliloti - 0,2 мл (10 пг/мл). Иммунодефицитным мышам 2-й группы фракции липополисахаридов и препарат сравнения Ликопид® не вводили Через 21 сут мышей выводили из эксперимента. Изучали весовые характеристики органов подопытных животных и лейкоцитарную формулу. Результаты. Введение мышам на фоне вторичного экспериментального иммунодефицита ликопида сопровождалось снижением количества палочкоядерных нейтрофилов и моноцитопенией; при введении фракции ЛПС-1 возрастало количество сегментоядерных нейтрофилов; ЛПС-2 - имели место снижение содержания палочкоядерных нейтрофилов и лимфоцитоз; ЛПС-3 - наблюдали снижение содержания палочкоядерных нейтрофилов и лимфоцитоз на фоне значимого увеличения количества сегментоядерных нейтрофилов; ЛПС-4 - констатировалось увеличение числа базофилов, снижение содержания палочкоядерных нейтрофилов и лимфоцитоз на фоне значимого увеличения количества сегментоядерных нейтрофилов. Заключение. Фракции ЛПС Sinorhizobium meliloti проявляют модулирующие эффекты, схожие с механизмами «экстренного миелопоэза» при физиологичном варианте течения бактериальных инфекций. Lipolysaccharides (LPS, endotoxins) of gram-negative bacteria have a pronounced biological activity, including therapeutic activity; however, there is no such data for S. meliloti. Aim. To conduct an experimental study of hematopoietic activity of four lipopolysaccharide fractions isolated from S. meliloti under induced immunodeficiency in mice. Methods. 7 groups of 10 laboratory mice each were formed: group 1, intact mice (control 1); groups 2-7, mice with immunodeficiency induced by a single intraperitoneal injection of cyclophosphamide. Mice of group 3 were daily injected with a comparison agent, Licopid® (Chemical name: [4-O- (2-acetylamino-2-deoxy-β-D-glucopyranosyl) -N-acetylmuramyl] -L-alanyl-D-α-glutamyl amide; single dose, 0.1 ml (0.05 mg/ml)) for 21 days starting one day after the induction of immunodeficiency. Mice of groups 3-7 were injected with the studied S. meliloti LPS fractions, LPS-1, LPS-2, LPS-3, and LPS-4, respectively (single dose, 0.2 ml (10 pg/ml)). Immunodeficient mice of group 2 received neither the comparison agent, Licopid® nor LPS fractions. The mice were euthanized at 21 days. Weight characteristics of animal organs and white blood count were studied. Results. Administration of Licopid® to mice with secondary experimental immunodeficiency was associated with decreased count of stab neutrophils and monocytopenia; LPS-1 fraction increased the count of segmented neutrophils; LPS-2 decreased the count of stab neutrophils and induced lymphocytosis; LPS-3 decreased the count of stab neutrophils and induced lymphocytosis associated with a significant increase in the count of segmented neutrophils; LPS-4 induced basophilia, decreased count of stab neutrophils, and lymphocytosis associated with a significant increase in the count of segmented neutrophils. Conclusion. Sinorhizobium meliloti LPS fractions exerted modulating effects similar to the mechanisms of “emergency myelopoiesis” in the physiological course of bacterial infections.

scholarly journals The use of prophylactic single-dose fosfomycin in patients who undergo transrectal ultrasound-guided prostate biopsy: A prospective, randomized, and controlled clinical study

2015 ◽  
Vol 9 (11-12) ◽  
pp. 863 ◽  
Author(s):  
Volkan Sen ◽  
Ozgu Aydogdu ◽  
Ibrahim Halil Bozkurt ◽  
Tarik Yonguc ◽  
Pinar Sen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Single Dose ◽  
Antibiotic Prophylaxis ◽  
Transrectal Ultrasound ◽  
Infectious Complications ◽  
Power Calculation ◽  
Ultrasound Guided ◽  
Febrile Uti ◽  
Fosfomycin Trometamol ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

<p><strong>Introduction:</strong> We aimed to demonstrate the efficacy, safety, and convenient use of fosfomycin trometamol in the preoperative antibiotic prophylaxis (PAP) of transrectal ultrasound-guided biopsy of the prostate (TRUSBP) in this prospective, randomized study.</p><p><strong>Methods:</strong> Between May 2014 and May 2015, a total of 300 patients who underwent TRUSBP were examined prospectively. Patients were randomized into two groups: group 1 consisted of 150 patients who were administered a single dose of 3 g oral fosfomycin as a PAP the night before the procedure; group 2 consisted of 150 patients who were administered 500 mg oral ciprofloxacin 60 min before the procedure as a PAP. Post-procedural febrile and afebrile infectious complications and pathological characteristics of the two groups were compared prospectively.</p><p><strong>Results:</strong> The mean age of the patients was 63.5±0.6 years in group 1 and 62.9±0.6 years in group 2. A total of two patients (1.3%) in group 1 and nine patients (6.0%) in group 2 experienced afebrile urinary tract infection (UTI). Afebrile UTI rate was significantly higher in group 2 (1.3% s. 6.0%, p=0,032). Febrile UTI was detected in two patients in group 2 and one patient in group 1. Urine cultures revealed 35.7% fluoroquinolone resistance. As a limitation, although the sample size was appropriate due to the power calculation, we believe that comprehensive studies including larger patient cohorts are needed to support our findings.</p><p><strong> Conclusions:</strong> Due to its ease-of-use with only a single dose and lower rates of infectious complications (resistant and febrile UTIs), fosfomycin trometamol is a strong alternative for antibiotic prophylaxis in TRUSBP.</p>

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