26 PILOT STUDY: YOLK SAC VEGF EXPRESSION IN BOVINE EMBRYOS FROM REPRODUCTIVE TECHNIQUES

2016 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 143
Author(s):  
A. M. Mess ◽  
A. C. O. Carreira ◽  
C. Marinovic de Oliveira ◽  
P. Fratini ◽  
P. O. Favaron ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pilot Study ◽  
Mrna Level ◽  
Yolk Sac ◽  
Intercellular Spaces ◽  
Reproductive Techniques ◽  
Embryo Nutrition ◽  
Vasculogenesis And Angiogenesis ◽  
The Moment ◽  
And Function ◽  
Endodermal Cells

The bovine yolk sac morphology and function are vulnerable to alterations by reproductive techniques. We hypothesised that the early haematopoiesis, vasculogenesis, and angiogenesis of yolk sac affect embryo nutrition and placenta differentiation. A pilot study on bovine yolk sac vascularization was done using gestations with 25, 30, 35, and 40 days of pregnancy, produced by IVF (n = 10) and NT of somatic cell (NT, n = 5). Samples from an abattoir were used as controls (n = 9). All pregnancies were conduced with zebuine cross-breed. We examined yolk sac gross and fine morphology. Also immunohistochemistry and qPCR were done for VEGF-A and receptors (VEGFR-1/Flt-1 and VEGFR-2/KDR). Morphological aspects, including vascularization, of yolk sac from control and IVF groups were tightly similar, although IVF is discretely precocious. However, NT group at Day 30 had low vascularization with thin endothelium, and large intercellular spaces in the endodermal layer, when compared with control and IVF. At Day 35 to 40, NT group improved vascularization and decreased intercellular spaces when compared with early NT samples, remaining less developed than control and IVF. Protein of VEGF-A and receptors (VEGFR-1/Flt-1 and VEGFR-2/KDR) were detected in all groups and ages. The VEGF-A was particularly present in cytoplasm of endodermal, endothelial cells, and in yolk sac blood islands. Furthermore, VEGFR-1 and VEGFR-2 were restricted to endodermal cells. At mRNA level, VEGF-A was highly expressed at Day 25 for IVF (P < 0.05) and at Day 30 for NT (P < 0.05). In addition, VEGFR-1 was highly expressed at Day 30 for IVF group (P < 0.05). For VEGFR-2 high averages were observed at Days 25 and 40 for IVF (P < 0.05). The high expression of VEGF-A and receptors in comparison with control may be due to the precocious yolk sac development in this group. The increase of VEGF-A at Day 30 in NT group is related to the moment of yolk sac vascularization development. In conclusion, yolk sac development is affected by reproductive techniques that alter the vascularization pattern, decreasing embryo nutrition and organogenesis.

scholarly journals Why school-related content knowledge for pre-service chemistry teachers should include basic concepts in organic chemistry

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jolanda Hermanns ◽  
Nico Ermler
Keyword(s):  
Organic Chemistry ◽  
Mixed Methods ◽  
Content Knowledge ◽  
Structure And Function ◽  
Mixed Methods Study ◽  
Chemistry Teacher ◽  
Chemistry Teachers ◽  
Basic Concepts ◽  
The Moment ◽  
And Function

Abstract In this paper we describe and evaluate a study on the use of concepts in organic chemistry while solving tasks that are designed after the concept of school-related content knowledge (SRCK). The study was designed as a mixed methods study and conducted at a German university for the content of “organic chemistry”. As the results of this study show, the students rate the tasks and the use of anchoring concepts as for example “bonds” or “structure and function” as relevant for their future profession as a chemistry teacher. They therefore propose that concepts should be an integral part of their university studies as they find it lacking at the moment. Concepts can also be seen as an opportunity to build a bridge between school knowledge and university knowledge.

L'etica nella professione forense

2009 ◽  
pp. 163-172
Author(s):  
Angelo Abignente
Keyword(s):  
Public Interests ◽  
Legal Proceedings ◽  
Legal Professionals ◽  
Positive Law ◽  
Conflicting Interests ◽  
Discursive Participation ◽  
The Moment ◽  
The One ◽  
And Function ◽  
Role And Function

- The positive law tradition has hitherto had nothing to say about the legal profession's role and function, focusing more interest on questions of justice, of the legitimisation of power and of the genesis and organisation of normative material. This trend is now subject to a reversal promoted by new, neo-constitutionalist, narrativist, analytical and hermeneutic experiences, which no longer focuses attention on the moment when law is produced, but on the one when it is applied, reappraising and revitalising the function of the judge, of the attorneys and of other legal professionals. The attorney becomes an active protagonist, an intermediary not only between conflicting interests in a controversy, but also between opposing public interests, while the reappraisal of his role stimulates thinking about the ethical dimension of how the legal profession is practised. Referring to the theories of Habermas and of Alexy, the author treats the reasonable status of argumentation as the supreme ethical instance necessary for a decision that interferes in the sphere of another person's action. At the same time, however, the control of the reasonable status of the respective arguments on both sides is the ethical instance required of the attorneys taking part in the legal proceedings. It takes the form of compliance with the rules characteristic of the practical discourse, primarily the rule of free discursive participation that enables the onus of the argumentation to be explained. Ernesto de

scholarly journals Pilot study of the effects of a heat-retaining knee sleeve on joint pain, stiffness, and function in patients with knee osteoarthritis

2004 ◽  
Vol 51 (5) ◽  
pp. 716-721 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steven A. Mazzuca ◽  
Mark C. Page ◽  
Russell D. Meldrum ◽  
Kenneth D. Brandt ◽  
Satham Petty-Saphon
Keyword(s):  
Pilot Study ◽  
Knee Osteoarthritis ◽  
Joint Pain ◽  
And Function

scholarly journals Pilot Study on Frailty and Functionality on Routine Clinical Assessment in Allogeneichematopoietic Cell Transplantation to Predict Outcomes

Blood ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 134 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 380-380 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Queralt Salas ◽  
Eshetu G Atenafu ◽  
Ora Bascom ◽  
Leeann Wilson ◽  
Arjun Law ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cell ◽  
Pilot Study ◽  
Stem Cell Transplantation ◽  
Grip Strength ◽  
Cell Transplantation ◽  
Waiting Time ◽  
Acute Gvhd ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
And Function

Introduction: Frailty can adversely affect the outcomes of allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (alloHSCT) but is difficult to measure in busy transplant clinics. The limited published studies have used dedicated trained persons and comprehensive geriatric assessment (GA) tools, which are time consuming (Muffly LS, Haematologica 2014; Holmes HM, J Geriatr Oncol 2014; Rodrigues M, J Geriatr Oncol 2019). The difficulty in application of GA tools by transplant clinicians, residents and nurses in their clinics has resulted in low adoption rates in routine practice. At our center we adopted selected tests for frailty and function which could be conducted during pre-transplant consultation in a busy clinic, without extra waiting time for patients, and using existing staff. The Timed up and Go test (TUGT) was adopted as it could be done in any closed clinic room, without need for a corridor. Thus it was considered safer than a gait speed test and was even applicable to patients in "isolation". We aim to share a preliminary analysis of the applicability and correlation between our selected frailty assessment with transplant outcomes and complications. Methods: Patients referred for transplant underwent the following assessments conducted by different providers. All ages were included. Relevant tests and source of data are as follows: Frailty and function by clinician evaluating (a) Clinical Frailty scale (CFS) with 9 points based on clinical judgement (Rockwood 2005) (b) Lawton's Instrumental activities of daily living (IADL). Objective physical performance by nursing BMT coordinator using (a) TUGT and (b) Grip strength using hydraulic "Jamar" hand dynamometer conducted in clinic room at time of documentation. Self assessment by patient completing (a) Self-rated health (SRH) question and (b) a question on falls. Blood tests (a) CRP (b) Albumin. The present study is a single center prospective observational study. Patients who did not proceed to transplant were excluded. Ninety-six consecutive adult allo-HSCT patients were eligible for the present analysis, updated on July 2019. The parameters were individually correlated with overall survival (OS), non-relapse mortality (NRM), cumulative incidence (cum.Inc) of acute GVHD, median time of transplant hospitalization and readmissions. Multivariate analysis was not performed in this pilot study due to limited number of patients and low frequency of adverse events. Results: Baseline characteristics and main post-transplant information are noted in Table 1. Median follow up of cohort was 5 months. Table 2 shows the main outcomes (with normal values). For the entire cohort the median OS at 6 months was 73.9% (range 61.7-82.8), NRM at day+100 was 8.7% (range 2.6-14.7), Cum.Inc of Acute GVHD 41.1% (range 30.1-52.1), Cum.Inc gr II-IV acute GVHD was 25.7% (range 15.6-35.9). Relapse occurred in 8 cases (8.3%) and deaths in 23 (23.9%). A TUGT of more than 10 seconds and raised CRP predicted poor OS (p&lt;0.05). Abnormal TUGT, SRH question score of &lt;A (excellent), lower albumin levels and raised CRP levels correlated with high NRM (p&lt;0.05). A Clinical Frailty Score of more than 2, limitations of 1 or more IADLs, Grip strength below normal for age and sex, TUGT &gt;10 seconds, SRH question &lt;A, and lower albumin level were significant predictors for a longer median duration of transplant hospitalization. No frailty or functionality parameter correlated significantly with the Cum.Inc of any grade of acute GVHD, grade II-IV acute GVHD or the risk of rehospitalization after alloHSCT. Conclusions: Our pilot study shows that with selected brief tools, frailty and functionality can be assessed as part of routine clinical practice in allogeneic-stem cell transplantation in all age groups without extra waiting time for patients or additional human resources. TUGT is a useful prognostic tool which can be conducted in a clinic room and correlates with OS, NRM, and duration of hospitalization. Larger number of patients and longer follow-up will help to evaluate the different assessment modalities as prognostic tools in allo-HSCT and their wider applicability. Disclosures Michelis: CSL Behring: Other: Financial Support. Mattsson:Gilead: Honoraria; Celgene: Honoraria; Therakos: Honoraria.

scholarly journals Dampak perubahan jenis dan fungsi uang bagi perekonomian menurut perspektif ekonomi Islam

2020 ◽  
pp. 25-36
Author(s):  
Asra Asra
Keyword(s):  
Economic Problems ◽  
Paper Money ◽  
The Moment ◽  
And Function ◽  
Value Of Money

The alteration in the type and function of money which continue to roll creates a lot of new dynamics that are considered both positive and negative. In fact, this shift is influenced by many causes and reasons, this also affects the global economic problems. And it must be acknowledged that the issue of the type of money is the most crucial thing at the moment and continues to be debated on how to find solutions to the problem of paper money, especially related to inflation from the value of money itself. This paper tries to look out this issue, specifically from the perspective of the value of money (paper), where the value created is only based on perceptions or assumptions, not the value intrinsically attached to the medium of exchange itself, so it is very vulnerable to inflation.  

Role of the cell surface in selection during transport of proteins from mother to foetus and newly born

1975 ◽  
Vol 271 (912) ◽  
pp. 395-410 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Small Intestine ◽  
Cell Surface ◽  
Specific Binding ◽  
Molecular Size ◽  
Essential Amino Acids ◽  
Yolk Sac ◽  
Background Information ◽  
Selective Uptake ◽  
Specific Receptors ◽  
Endodermal Cells

The transport of immunoglobulins from mother to foetus and newly born mammal involves selective events which are independent of molecular size, related to immunoglobulin class, structure, and species of origin, and involve considerable protein degradation. Such events are briefly described as background information to a discussion of how selection of proteins might take place during transport across the cellular barriers concerned, namely the yolk sac splanchnopleur, chorio-allantoic placenta, and small intestine. Until recently the Brambell hypothesis has been the most favoured explanation. This implies that selection occurs intracellularly, within endodermal cells of the yolk sac splanchnopleur and small intestine, and within the syncytiotrophoblast of the chorio-allantoic placenta, of certain species. It also suggests that specific receptors are present which give attached proteins protection from degradation when the vesicles containing them fuse with lysosomes; such protected proteins are then liberated from the vesicle by exocytosis. This hypothesis is examined in the light of what is now known about the mechanism of uptake and transport of proteins by the endodermal cells and syncytiotrophoblast. It is suggested that rather than being an intracellular event, involving protection from proteolytic degradation, selection takes place at the cell surface. Evidence is presented, some direct and some circumstantial, that proteins may be selectively endocytosed by coated micropinocytotic vesicles, and non-selectively endocytosed through a complex apical canalicular system leading to macropinocytotic vesicle formation. In the small intestine of the suckling rat these two processes appear to be segregated, selective uptake occurring in the proximal half and non-selective uptake occurring in the distal half. In the endodermal cells of the rabbit yolk sac splanchnopleur, and by implication in the syncytiotrophoblast of man and monkey, it is suggested that both selective, and non-selective, uptake of protein occurs. Non-selective uptake into macropinocytotic vesicles is regarded as an event leading to complete degradation of all contained protein and functioning so as to supply the foetus and newly born mammal with essential amino acids. Selective uptake into coated micropinocytotic vesicles is regarded as an event leading to the transport of immunoglobulins across the cell without any contact with lysosomes, and functioning so as to supply the newly born mammal with protection against invasive organisms. Specific receptors are still required but only for the initial uptake and segregation of proteins into coated micropinocytotic vesicles. The role which the glycocalyx might have in such selective binding of proteins is considered and possible difficulties in characterization of specific receptors brought to light in view of the likely overwhelming need for non-specific binding to effect non-selective uptake.

‘I Assume You Know’

2015 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 70-102
Author(s):  
Maher Bahloul
Keyword(s):  
Pilot Study ◽  
Discourse Markers ◽  
Discourse Marker ◽  
Form And Function ◽  
Pragmatic Function ◽  
Truth Value ◽  
And Function ◽  
Discourse Connectives ◽  
Formal Features

This paper is a pilot study on the form and function of the Arabic discourse marker ‘ṭabʕan’. Discourse markers in language have been the focus of myriad studies under a number of denotations such as discourse operators, discourse connectives, modal markers, cue phrases, amongst several others. While such markers occur in written and spoken forms of language, they are much more abundant in formal and informal conversations. ṭabʕan, for instance, is observed in media Arabic in formal and semi-formal contexts. The paper highlights its formal features, its syntactic distribution, and identifies its core pragmatic function. Although the marker does not change the truth value of utterances or alter them in any significant way, it tends to cluster around the speaker. Thus, it injects some modal features oscillating between assertiveness and evidentiality.

Management of musculoskeletal complications in patients with hemophilia: literature review and expert recommendations

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Carlos Rodriguez-Merchan
Keyword(s):  
Ankle Arthrodesis ◽  
Joint Disease ◽  
Structural Defects ◽  
Childhood And Adolescence ◽  
Joint Degeneration ◽  
Hemophilic Arthropathy ◽  
Younger Age ◽  
The Moment ◽  
And Function ◽  
Expert Recommendations

: In people with hemophilia, hematological prophylaxis during childhood and adolescence could elude the occurrence of musculoskeletal complications (in joints and muscles) if the concentration of the defective factor is averted from decreasing under 1% of normal. Prompt management is of capital significance as the juvenile skeleton is hypersensitive to the adverse events of the disease; intense structural defects might appear rapidly. Important articular bleeds and inveterate hypertrophy of the articular synovial membrane must be treated vigorously to preclude joint degeneration (hemophilic arthropathy). At the moment that extreme joint disease is in place with intense affliction, the goal must be to reestablish activity whilst at the same time reducing the peril to the patient. Articular debridement is an efficacious surgical technique to accomplish this goal, particularly around the knee or ankle, and may be contemplated to be a backup to ankle arthrodesis or ankle or knee replacement in patients of younger age. Eventually joint replacement can commonly reestablish both articular mobility and function in an unhealthy articulation.

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