174 COMPARISON OF ORAL ALTRENOGEST, CIDR, AND LONG-ACTING PROGESTERONE FOR SYNCHRONIZATION OF ESTRUS IN MARES

2015 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 178 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Card ◽  
M. Diel de Amorim ◽  
J. Bruemmer ◽  
E. Squires
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Reactions ◽  
Assisted Reproductive Technologies ◽  
Reproductive Technologies ◽  
Severe Reaction ◽  
Reproductive Parameters ◽  
White House ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Agriculture Research Institute ◽  
Long Acting

Synchronization of oestrus in mares remains a challenge to practitioners using Assisted Reproductive Technologies. The research objective was to compare adverse reactions and reproductive parameters in mares treated with different sources of progestins for oestrus synchronization. Mixed breeds of mares with a mean age of 3 years (range 2–20) were used. Groups were: 1) altrenogest 0.044 mg kg–1 BW PO daily for 10 days (D) (Regumate, Merck, White House Station, NJ, USA) (n = 30), 2) Long-acting progesterone (LAP4) (BET Pharmacy, Lexington, KY, USA) (n = 30) 10 cc IM once in the neck, and 3) Controlled intravaginal drug release (CIDR-B 1.9 g P4; Zoetis, Kirkland, QC, Canada) (n = 15) vaginal insert for 10 days. Mares were randomly assigned to treatment and evaluated using transrectal reproductive ultrasonography on Days 1 (treatment initiation), 5, 10, and daily during oestrus until ovulation (Ov). On Day 10, mares were given 250 µg of cloprostenol (PG) (Estrumate, Merck) IM, and when a follicle (F) >35 mm was detected 2500 IU hCG (Chorulon, Intervet, Millsboro, MD, USA) was administered IM. Adverse reactions were scored as follows: Regumate – any reaction at any time; LAP4 – the injection site was inspected and scored as: 0, no reaction; 1, mild slight raised area; 2, moderate reaction 5 cm; 3, severe reaction 6–10 cm; 4, very severe reaction >10 cm on Day 5 post-injection; CIDR categorical scores were: 0, no discharge; 1, mild vaginal discharge on CIDR at withdrawal; 2, moderate discharge on tail or vulva; 3, severe urine scald or visible discharge; 4, very severe thickened inflamed skin from urine scald or discharge. Chi-squared test at P < 0.05 was used to evaluate the overall frequency of reactions in mares, and the presence of intrauterine fluid. The time from cloprostenol (PG) to F 35, hCG to Ov, PG to Ov, and mm of intrauterine fluid on Days 1–3, was evaluated using the Shapiro–Wilk test and Kruskall–Wallis at P < 0.05. Results of the overall adverse reactions were: Group 1 0/30 (0%), Group 2 9/30 (30%), and Group 3 14/15 (93.3%). The Group 2 treatment resulted in category 0–4 reactions as follows (21/30, 1/30, 5/30, 2/30, 1/30) and for Group 3 category 0–4 (1/15, 13/15, 0/15, 1/15, 0/15), respectively. The overall frequency of adverse reactions was significantly different between groups (P = 0.0000) with Group 2 having the highest rate. Reproductive parameter results were median (quartiles) days from PG to F35 for groups 1–3 respectively: 4 (2.8–6), 5 (0–6), 3 (4–6), hours from hCG to OV: 42(42–42), 42 (42–72), 42 (43–54); and days from PG to OV: 8 (4.5–8), 8 (5–8), 6.6 (4.8–8). Fluid Day 1, Day 2, Day 3 had a median of 0 mm on all days, and on Day 3 mm of fluid was mild 0 (0–0.125) but different between groups (P = 0.0379). The detection of intrauterine fluid on Day 2 (P = 0.005) was different between groups. No follicle wave synchronization was achieved by progestin administration; hence, the main differences noted between groups were the frequency of adverse reactions, rather than the reproductive parameters studied. The cost of the treatment and the frequency of adverse reactions are important considerations when choosing an oestrus synchronization therapy for mares. Research was supported by the Alberta Agriculture Research Institute.

scholarly journals Cryopreservation of human spermatozoa with penetrating and non-penetrating cryoprotectants

2019 ◽  
Vol 85 (4) ◽  
pp. 27-34
Author(s):  
E. Pavlovich ◽  
G. Gapon ◽  
T. Yurchuk ◽  
M. Petrushko
Keyword(s):  
Assisted Reproductive Technologies ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Study Groups ◽  
Reproductive Technologies ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Motile Cells ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Cryopreservation Method ◽  
Group 1

Сryopreserved spermatozoa are widely used in infertility treatment by assisted reproductive technologies. However, the spermatozoa survival rate remains low in patients with oligoastenoteratozoospermia. Therefore the development of effective cryopreservation methods for spermatozoa from pathospermia is relevant. The effectiveness of cryopreservation spermatozoa from oligoastenoteratozoospermia man using penetrating and non-penetrating cryoprotectants was compared. Sperm motility, viability and morphological characteristics were evaluated after cryopreservation with glycerol and polyvinylpyrrolidone. The average number of spermatozoa count in fresh ejaculate was (11.0±0.2) mln/ml. After isolation of active motile fraction the number of cells was (3.8±0.3) mln/ml and (84.3±8.4) % from them were motile (group 3). (78.8±6.6) % of spermatozoa cryopreserved with glycerol (group 1) and (41.4±8.1) % cryopreserved with polyvinylpyrrolidone (group 2) remained active motile. The spermatozoa viability after cryopreservation was (82.1±8.6) % and (89.6±8.6) % in group 1 and 2, respectively. Despite the high rate of spermatozoa survival in group 1 the number of motile cells decreased to (27.3±4.8) % after cryoprotectant removing stage. Morphological analysis revealed that the incidence of spermatozoa head abnormalities was (25.97±2.67), (19.21±2.67) and (20.57±1.19) % in group 1–3, respectively. The differences of spermatozoa midpiece and tail abnormalities in the study groups were statistically insignificant. The use of polyvinylpyrrolidone as a cryoprotectant allows preserving 90 % of survived spermatozoa from oligoastenoteratozoospermia men after freeze/thawing. The set of spermatozoa head, neck and midpiece abnormalities is significantly lower after cryopreservation with polyvinylpyrrolidone compared with routine method with glycerol. Two-stage spermatozoa cryopreservation method with polyvinylpyrrolidone is promising for assisted reproductive technologies since spermatozoa can be used immediately after warming for oocyte fertilization without cryoprotectant removing step.

scholarly journals 191 TIMING OF OVULATION IN THE GONADOTROPHIN-STIMULATED SOUTHERN HAIRY-NOSED WOMBAT, LASIORHINUS LATIFRONS

2005 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 246 ◽  
Author(s):  
G.V. Druery ◽  
M.D. Rival ◽  
D.A. Taggart ◽  
G.A. Shimmin ◽  
A.B. Horsup ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Tract ◽  
Assisted Reproductive Technologies ◽  
Reproductive Technologies ◽  
Ovarian Activity ◽  
Corpora Lutea ◽  
Transabdominal Ultrasonography ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Follicular Response ◽  
Circulating Levels ◽  
Breeding Techniques

The southern hairy-nosed wombat (SHW), Lasiorhinus latifrons, is a model species in which to develop assisted breeding techniques for the endangered northern hairy-nosed wombat, Lasiorhinus krefftii. We recently showed that anoestrus SHW respond to eutherian gonadotrophins by production of multiple ovarian follicles, but ovulation had not occurred at the time of examination 24 h post-LH (Druery GV et al. 2003 Theriogenology 59, 391 abst). This study investigated the timing of ovulation in six anoestrus captive adult female SHW (n = 3 per group) after ovarian superstimulation using porcine FSH (200 mg total, Folltropin-V, Bioniche, Belleville, Ontario, Canada) administered s.c. at 12-h intervals over 7 days. Ovulation was triggered by a single s.c. dose of porcine LH (25 mg Lutropin-V, Bioniche) 12 h after the final FSH injection. Superstimulatory response was determined by laparoscopy immediately after the final FSH injection on Day 7 prior to LH. Group 1 was re-examined at 33, 36, and 39 h post-LH, and Group 2 at 42, 45, and 48 h post-LH, for evidence of ovulations using laparoscopy and transabdominal ultrasonography. Laparoscopy on Day 7 revealed an ovarian follicular response in all six females, which coincided with the highest levels of estradiol. The reproductive tract also responded to the treatment (swollen fimbriae and enlarged, highly vascular uteri). Multiple follicles (range 16–31) up to 11 mm in diameter were observed in five females. One female had ovulated, as determined by the presence of corpora lutea. Transabdominal ultrasonographic imaging was unable to confirm the number of follicles in stimulated ovaries. Ovulation had commenced by 36 h post-LH, with the majority occurring 39–45 h post-LH. Ovulation was recorded as having occurred if a dark red, highly vascular crater on the surface of the newly formed corpus hemorrhagicum was observed. Increased circulating levels of progesterone were confirmed 9 days after the last laparoscopies. These results have important implications for the development of assisted reproductive technologies in the SHW: (1) transabdominal ultrasound imaging is ineffective for determining ovarian activity; (2) laparoscopy is a well-tolerated, repeatable minor surgical procedure that can be used for intrauterine AI in this species in which nonsurgical AI is unlikely to succeed (Paris DBBP et al. 2003 Theriogenology 59, 401 abst); and (3) knowledge of the timing of ovulation will enable insemination of spermatozoa into the uterus prior to ovulation. Financial support was provided by Dr. M. Jacobson, and hormones were supplied by Bioniche.

97 PRELIMINARY DESCRIPTIVE STUDY OF EQUINE PLACENTA GENERATED AFTER TRANSFER OF IN VIVO- AND IN VITRO-PRODUCED EMBRYOS

2017 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 156 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Lanci ◽  
J. Mariella ◽  
B. Merlo ◽  
C. Castagnetti ◽  
E. Iacono
Keyword(s):  
Embryo Transfer ◽  
Intracytoplasmic Sperm Injection ◽  
Reproductive Technologies ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Placental Development ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

Placental changes associated with artificial reproductive technologies have been described in several species, but little information is available in horses. Joy et al. (2012) reported that human placentas from intracytoplasmic sperm injection derived embryos were heavier and thicker than those produced after natural conception. Despite the most growing interest and efficiency of artificial reproductive technologies in equine species, only recently, Pozor et al. (2016) described placental abnormalities in pregnancies generated by somatic cell NT, but there are no studies on equine placenta generated by intracytoplasmic sperm injection and traditional embryo transfer. In the present preliminary study, macroscopic differences of placentas generated after transfer of in vitro- or in vivo-produced embryos were registered. Twelve Standardbred recipient mares with pregnancy generated after transfer of in vivo-derived (Group 1) and in vitro-derived (Group 2) embryos were enrolled; 10 Standardbred mares with pregnancy derived by traditional AI were included as control (Group 3). All pregnancies were physiological, and newborn foals were healthy. Mare age, parity, length of pregnancy, gross evaluation and weight of placenta, total length of umbilical cord (UC), length of UC, number of UC coils, foal sex, and weight at birth were registered. Collected data are listed in Table 1 and are expressed as mean ± standard deviation. Differences between groups were evaluated by 1-way ANOVA, and the difference in proportion of overweight placentas was evaluated with the Fisher test. The gross evaluation of placenta revealed 8/12 placentas (2/4 Group 1; 6/8 Group 2) were heavier than 11% (Madigan, 1997) due to oedema of the chorioallantois. No overweight placentas were registered in Group 3. In Group 1, 1/4 placentas had villous hypoplasia, and in Group 2, 1/8 placentas had cystic pouches on the UC. There were no significant differences among groups. However, the proportion of overweight placentas between Group 2 (6/8) and Group 3 (0/10) approached significance (P = 0.06). Although preliminary, the results of the present study suggest that production of equine embryos in vitro may lead to alterations in placental development. Several studies in cattle and sheep have suggested that alterations in the placentas of pregnancies derived from in vitro-produced embryos are related to effects of culture on epigenetic regulation. Less is known in the horse about the effects of in vitro embryo production on placental development; thus, further research in this area is necessary. Table 1. Characteristics of full-term placentas derived from AI or embryo transfer with in vivo- and in vitro-produced embryos

Effectiveness of programs of auxiliary reproductive technologies in patients of late reproductive age

GYNECOLOGY ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 109-112 ◽  
Author(s):  
E P Beik ◽  
A G Syrkasheva ◽  
N V Dolgushina
Keyword(s):  
Live Birth ◽  
Assisted Reproductive Technologies ◽  
Laboratory Data ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Reproductive Technologies ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Art Programs ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Twofold Decrease ◽  
Group 1

The aim of the study was to study the effectiveness of assisted reproductive technologies (ART) programs in patients of different age groups, taking into account clinical and laboratory data. Materials and methods. A prospective cohort study included 188 patients with infertility of various genesis who were stratified according to age: group 1 (n=87) - patients of late reproductive age - LRA (>35 years), group 2 (n=101) - patients of early reproductive age (≤35 years). Results. In patients with ART compared with patients with LRA, the chances of pregnancy were reduced by 2.2 times (odds ratio - OR 2.2, 95% confidence interval - CI 1.1-4.3), the chances of live birth were 2 times (OR 2.0; 95% CI 1.0-3.9). The only factor affecting the onset of pregnancy in addition to age was the number of embryos received. The threshold age at which and above which the chances of pregnancy and live birth decreased as much as possible were the age of 37 years: the OR of pregnancy 2.6 (95% CI 1.4-5.1, AUC 61.3%), OR live birth 2.6 (95% CI 1.3-5.1, AUC 60.8%). Conclusions. In patients of LRA there is a twofold decrease in the effectiveness of ART programs due to a significant decrease in the number of oocytes obtained, mature oocytes, and, accordingly, embryos.

scholarly journals Application of Long-Acting VLHL PAI-1 during Sutureless Partial Nephrectomy in Mice Reduces Bleeding

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Khaled Shahrour ◽  
Rick Keck ◽  
Jerzy Jankun
Keyword(s):  
Partial Nephrectomy ◽  
Blood Clot ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Group 4 ◽  
Final Weight ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Long Acting ◽  
Pai 1 ◽  
Group 1

PAI-1 prevents lysis of blood clot by inhibiting the urokinase and tPA induced conversion of plasminogen to plasmin. VLHL PAI-1 protein mutant was created to extend half-life over 700 hours. The objective of this paper was to test VLHL PAI-1 effects on bleeding during partial nephrectomy in mice. All animals had a left partial nephrectomy after intravenous infusion of saline or tPA. The animals were divided into four groups. Group 1 was infused with saline and kidney was exposed to saline too; Group 2 was infused with saline and kidney was exposed to PAI-1. Group 3 was infused with tPA and kidney was exposed to saline, while Group 4 was infused with tPA and kidney was exposed to PAI-1. Preweighed gauze containing PAI-1 or saline was then applied to the kidney for 30 minutes. The gauze was afterward weighed and blood loss was measured by subtracting the preweight of gauze from the final weight. We have observed a statistically significant (P≤0.05) reduction of bleeding in PAI-1-treated group in comparison to saline and tPA-treated groups. Based on these results we propose that VLHL PAI-1 can be used therapeutically in limiting the flow of blood from renal wounds.

200 THE USE OF LONG-ACTING FSH-MAP5 IN SHEEP SUPEROVULATION PROGRAMS

2017 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 208 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Fry
Keyword(s):  
Sustained Release ◽  
Embryo Quality ◽  
Corpora Lutea ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Group 4 ◽  
Multiple Ovulation ◽  
Injection Protocol ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Long Acting

The administration of sustained-release FSH-MAP5 in a 2-injection protocol has been shown to be as effective as a multiple-FSH injection protocol in inducing superovulation in cattle (Bo and Mapletoft 2014 Theriogenology 81, 38) and in sheep (Fry et al. 2016 Reprod. Fertil. Dev. 28, 250); however, the effect on embryo quality in the latter experiment was unclear. The following experiment further investigated the effect of FSH-MAP5 on ovulation rate and embryo quality in a sheep multiple-ovulation embryo transfer (MOET) program conducted in the breeding season. Two hundred sixteen Dohne merino ewes received a 12-day CIDR-S device containing 0.33 g of progesterone (Zoetis, Florham Park, NJ, USA) plus 200 mg of FSH IM (Folltropin-V; Vetoquinol, Belleville, Canada) and 400 IU of eCG IM (Pregnecol: Vetoquinol) in 4 treatment groups. Group 1 (n = 51) received 7 injections (a.m., p.m.) of FSH in saline (2.5, 2.0, 1.5, 1.5, 1.0, 1.0, and 0.5 mL) starting 2.5 days before CIDR withdrawal and 400 IU of eCG in saline at the time of the first FSH injection. Group 2 (n = 53) received 6 injections (a.m., p.m.) of FSH in saline (3.0, 2.0, 1.5, 1.5, 1.0, and 1.0 mL) starting 2.5 days before CIDR withdrawal and 400 IU of eCG in saline at CIDR withdrawal. Group 3 (n = 56) received 3.3 mL of FSH in hyaluronan (50 mg of MAP5, Vetoquinol) and 400 IU of eCG in saline 2.5 days before CIDR withdrawal and 1.7 mL of FSH-MAP5 at 0.5 days before CIDR withdrawal. Group 4 (n = 56) received 3.3 mL of FSH-MAP5 at 2.5 days before CIDR withdrawal, 1.7 mL of FSH-MAP5 at 0.5 days before CIDR withdrawal, and 400 IU of eCG in saline at CIDR withdrawal. Ewes were inseminated with semen collected and pooled from 5 rams at 36 to 40 h after CIDR withdrawal. Donor ewes were slaughtered 6 days after AI, corpora lutea were counted on the ovary, and ova/embryos were collected. Data for corpora lutea, total ova/embryo, and transferable embryo was analysed by the Kruskal–Wallis test and differences between groups were determined by the Dunn’s test. Results are shown in Table 1. There were no differences in the mean number of ovulations or total ova/embryo collected between any group (P > 0.05); however, those receiving eCG at the time of CIDR withdrawal (Groups 2 and 4) had significantly more transferable embryos than those receiving eCG at the time of the first FSH injection (Groups 1 and 3). In conclusion, the administration of the sustained-release FSH-MAP5 in a 2-injection protocol in sheep was as effective as a multiple-FSH injection protocol in inducing multiple ovulations and yielded similar number of transferable embryos, whereas the administration of eCG at the time of CIDR withdrawal resulted in more transferable embryos, possibly by improving fertilisation rates. Table 1. Results1

scholarly journals Treatment of osteoarthritis of large and small joints using an injectable complex action chondroprotector

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
И.В. Меньшикова ◽  
В.И. Сороцкая
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Reactions ◽  
Joint Stiffness ◽  
Complex Action ◽  
Womac Index ◽  
Results Of Treatment ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Inflammatory Drugs ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

В многоцентровом исследовании «КОЛИБРИ» оценивали эффективность и переносимость инъекционного средства замедленного действия для терапии остеоартроза крупных и мелких суставов. Исследуемую группу составили 49 больных (87,8% женщин, 12,2% мужчин, медиана возраста – 63,4 [52,3; 75,2] года, длительность болезни – 5,86 [3,07; 11,4] года, индекс массы тела – 30,06 [23,1; 41,4] кг/м2): 14,6% – с поражением мелких суставов кистей (1-я группа), 62,5% – с поражением крупных суставов, получавшие препарат внутримышечно (2-я группа), и 22,9% – с поражением крупных суставов, получавшие препарат внутрисуставно (в/с) и внутримышечно (в/м) (3-я группа). В течение года проведено 2 курса инъекций с интервалом 6 мес и последующим наблюдением в течение 3 мес. Результаты лечения оценивали в динамике по визуально-аналоговой шкале (ВАШ) боли, индексам AUSCAN и WOMAC, удовлетворенности пациента и врача по 5-балльной шкале и потребности в нестероидных противовоспалительных препаратах (НПВП). После первого курса лечения отмечено статистически значимое уменьшение боли по шкале ВАШ на 45,4-57,7%, индекса AUSCAN– на 49,3%, индекса WOMACво 2-й группе – на 44,9%, в 3-й группе – на 53,2%. Около 1/3 больных отказались от приема НПВП. К началу второго курса указанные показатели возросли, но не до исходного уровня. После второго курса терапии отмечено дальнейшее улучшение показателей боли по ВАШ – на 20,2-30,8%, индекса AUSCAN – на 28,4%, индекса WOMAC во 2-й группе – на 20,5%, в 3-й группе – на 22,9%. Через 3 месяца наблюдения отмечено уменьшение по сравнению с исходными показателями боли по ВАШ на 60,8-64,8%, индекса AUSCAN – на 34,3%, WOMAC во 2-й группе – на 51,3%, в 3-й группе – на 35,4%. Наиболее выражена была динамика скованности в суставах. 50% пациентов отказались от приема НПВП. Нежелательные реакции (дерматит в месте инъекции и синовит после внутрисуставного введения препарата) выявлены у 2 больных. The aim of the study was to assess the efficacy and tolerability of slow-acting injectable agent for the treatment of osteoarthritis in the treatment of osteoarthritis of large and small joints. The study group consisted of 49 patients (87,8% women, 12,2% men, whose median age – 63,4 [52,3; 75,2] years, the duration of the disease – 5,86 [3,07; 11.4] years, body mass index – 30,06 [23,1; 41,4] kg/m2): 14,6% – with damage to small joints of the hands (group 1), 62,5% with damage to large joints, who received the drug only intramuscularly (group 2) and 22,9% with lesions of large joints, who received the drug intra-articularly and intramuscularly (group 3). During the year, 2 courses of injections were carried out with an interval of 6 months. 3 months follow-up period was held. The results of treatment were assessed by the dynamics of the VAS of pain, AUSCAN and WOMAC indices, patient and doctor satisfaction on a 5-point scale, and the need for non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). After 1 course of treatment, there was a statistically significant decrease in pain according to VAS in all groups by 45,4-57,7%, in the AUSCAN index – by 49,3%, in the WOMAC index in group 2 – by 44,9%, in group 3 – by 53,2%. About 1/3 of patients refused to take NSAIDs. By the beginning of the 2nd course, these indicators increased, but not to the initial level. After the 2nd course of therapy, further improvement was noted pain according to VAS – by 20,2-30,8%, AUSCAN index – by 28,4%, WOMAC index in group 2 – by 20,5%, in group 3 – by 22 ,9%. After 3 months of follow-up there was a decrease in comparison with the initial indicators: pain according to VAS – by 60,8-64,8%, AUSCAN index – by 34,3%, WOMAC in group 2 – by 51,3%, in group 3 – by 35,4%. The dynamics of joint stiffness was most pronounced. Half of the patients stopped taking NSAIDs. Adverse reactions (dermatitis at the injection site and synovitis after i/a administration of the drug) were detected in 2 patients.

scholarly journals Effectiveness of enrofloxacin for the treatment of experimentally-induced bovine anaplasmosis

2012 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 32-36 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elias Jorge Facury-Filho ◽  
Antônio Último de Carvalho ◽  
Paulo Marcos Ferreira ◽  
Marcelo Fonseca Moura ◽  
Bethania Campos Apolinário ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Single Dose ◽  
Day Treatment ◽  
Animal Group ◽  
Group 4 ◽  
Blood Smears ◽  
Physical Examinations ◽  
Holstein Calves ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Long Acting

Four groups of six Holstein calves were inoculated with 3.6 × 10(7) erythrocytes parasitized with Anaplasma marginale. The criteria for treatment of calves were increasing A. marginale rickettsemia and 30% reduction of baseline packed cell volume (PCV) of each animal. Group 1 (G1) received 7.5 mg.kg-1 of enrofloxacin in a single dose; Group 2 (G2) 7.5 mg.kg-1 of enrofloxacin twice every three days; Group 3 (G3) 20 mg.kg-1 of long-acting oxytetracycline in a single dose; and Group 4 (G4) a single dose of PBS. Physical examinations, blood smears and PCV were performed daily. On day treatment, G1, G2 and G3 animals had a mean rickettsemia of 17, 23 and 12%, respectively. At 2 days after treatment (DAT) G1 and G2 animals showed a significant reduction of rickettsemia (p < 0.05) compared to G3. G3 animals had high rates of rickettsemia in the first 2 DAT and a slow decrease until stabilization on 9 DAT. The mean PCV in G1 and G2 increased and stabilized after 7 and 8 DAT, respectively. PCV stabilization was achieved in G3 at 13 DAT. Both enrofloxacin and oxytetracycline were effective for the treatment of anaplasmosis, but enrofloxacin was faster reduction of rickettsemia and PCV recuperation (p < 0.05) compared to oxytetracycline

Retrospective analysis of 536 embryological protocols of cryocycles: the influence of oocyte competence and genetic screening of human embryos on vitrification results

2020 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-56
Author(s):  
O. V. Shurygina ◽  
O. V. Ivanova ◽  
S. N. Yukhimets ◽  
S. Z. Yuldasheva ◽  
D. Yu. Rusakov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Survival Rate ◽  
Embryo Transfer ◽  
Genetic Screening ◽  
Reproductive Technologies ◽  
Single Embryo Transfer ◽  
Age Difference ◽  
Donor Cells ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Donor Oocytes

The achievements of fundamental science have recently become the most widespread in the field of reproductive medicine. The biology of human development has mostly become understandable and manageable, thanks to new technologies. Some stages of the early human embryogenesis are predictably reproduced in the laboratories of assisted reproductive technologies (ART). Nevertheless, despite all the achievements, the success (birth of a healthy child) does not exceed 30% of the started cycles. That is why there is a continual search for new methods and their combinations to achieve better results and develop standard protocols for managing patients with infertility. The purpose of this work is to analyze the feasibility of genetic screening of embryos (NGS) and to compare the effectiveness of using donor and own oocytes when transferring a single embryo in cryocycles. We have analyzed the 536 cryocycles. There were four groups of patients with single embryo transfer (SET): group 1 - cycles with NGS, embryos with genetically euploid status taken for selection for transfer with used own oocytes (NSd, n=20); group 2 - cycles with single embryo transfer without NGS and using own oocytes (nSd, n=446); group 3 - cycles without NGS, using donor oocytes (nSD, n=8). All groups 1, 2, and 3 were near the same with an average age (34,1 - 34,3 - 34,6 years, respectively). Due to the small size of group 3, another (4th) observation group was taken (cycles without NGS, using donor oocytes, nSD, n=62), but without age restrictions, where the average age of patients was 42.3 years. Analyze of the survival rate shows significant decreasing in the group used donor cells (3 groups) than in groups (1 and 2) used own cells (84.62% vs 100%, p=0.060 and 91.96%, p<0.0001, respectively). The age difference in the groups with donor cells (3 and 4) did not significantly affect the survival rate (84.82% and 92.94%, p=0.443). We found differences in the rate of HCG(+) between groups using donor oocytes (groups 3 and 4) and own oocytes without genetic screening (group 2), where the indicator was significantly lower (62.5% and 62.98% vs 41.03%, p<0.0001 in both cases). The same significant differences in the pregnancy rate (PR) and implantation rate (IR) we found between group 2 (own oocytes without screening) and all other groups (1, 3 and 4). In the last groups, the indicators were significantly higher (PR - 35.2% against 60%, 62.5% and 58.06%, respectively, and IR - 36.36% against 60%, 62.5% and 56.45%, respectively). The results we obtained confirm the definitive role of oocyte competencies, demonstrate the absence of an adverse effect of vitrification on embryos after trophoblast biopsy, and convincingly prove the feasibility and significant positive impact of genetic screening of embryos on clinical results. 

scholarly journals 78CHRONOLOGICAL EVENTS OF IN VITRO MATURATION IN CAMEL (CAMELUS DROMEDARIES) OOCYTES

2004 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 161 ◽  
Author(s):  
N.A. Wani ◽  
U. Wernery ◽  
M.A. Nowshari
Keyword(s):  
In Vitro Maturation ◽  
Assisted Reproductive Technologies ◽  
Germinal Vesicle ◽  
Reproductive Technologies ◽  
Dromedary Camel ◽  
Glass Slides ◽  
Maturation Medium ◽  
Stereo Microscope ◽  
Group 3

Experiments were conducted to investigate the chronological events and optimum time for in vitro oocyte maturation in the dromedary camel. Follicles measuring 3–12mm were isolated from ovaries obtained from an abattoir and the oocytes harvested by teasing apart these follicles under a stereo microscope. Pooled oocytes were randomly distributed to 4-well dishes (20–25per well) (Nunc, Denmark) containing 400μL of the maturation medium (TCM-199 supplemented with 0.6mgmL−1 calcium lactate, 0.1mgmL−1 L-glutamine, 0.8mgmL−1 sodium bicarbonate, 1.4mgmL−1 HEPES, 0.25mgmL−1 pyruvate, 50μgmL−1 gentamicine, 10μgmL−1 FSH, 10μgmL−1 LH, 1μgmL−1 estradiol and 10% heat-inactivated estrous camel serum) and incubated at 38.5°C under 5% CO2 for 4 to 48h. After every 4h (starting from 0 to 48h), oocytes were denuded by treating them with hyaluronidase (1mgmL−1) followed by repeated pipetting. Denuded oocytes were mounted on glass slides and fixed in 3:1 ethanol:acetic acid for 24h. Oocytes were stained with 1% aceto-orcein and examined under a phase contrast microscope at 400times. for each experimental group, 3 to 7 replications were made. Based on the visualization of the chromatin, oocytes were categorized as at germinal vesicle (GV), diakinesis (DK), metaphase-I (M-I), anaphase (Ana), metaphase-II (M-II) stage and those with no visible chromatin as NVC. At the start of maturation, 75.4% (43/57) of oocytes were at GV stage; however, none of the oocytes revealed a GV at 28 h of maturation (0/97). At 8h of maturation 49.3% (34/69) of oocytes were at DK stage, and after 16h of maturation 50% (49/98) of oocytes were at M-I stage. At 24h of maturation the maximum number of oocytes were in Ana (24.7%, 21/85) stage. At 44h the maximum number of oocytes had reached M-II stage (52%, 103/198) whereas, 10.6% (21/198) of the oocytes were at Ana stage. After 48h the proportion of oocytes with NCV increased to 52.9% (45/85) and the proportion of M-II stage oocytes decreased to 37.6% (32/85). It may be concluded that 40–44h of in vitro maturation yields the highest proportion of matured (M-II stage) oocytes suitable for further use in assisted reproductive technologies in camel.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document