scholarly journals 8 DURATION OF ESTRUS AND TIME OF OVULATION IN SUPEROVULATED SANTA INÊS EWES

2013 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 151
Author(s):  
J. T. M. Lima ◽  
J. F. Fonseca ◽  
L. V. Esteves ◽  
A. B. V. Peneiras ◽  
M. S. D. Lima ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Condition Score ◽  
Animal Health ◽  
Follicular Development ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
Tropical Region ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Condition Score ◽  
Santa Inês ◽  
Student’S T

The aim of this study was to determine the intervals between sponge removal and the onset of estrus, sponge removal and the first detected ovulation, and onset of estrus and the first ovulation, and also to determine the duration of estrus, in superovulated Santa Inês ewes subjected to natural mating (NM) and AI. The trial was done in July and February at Cachoeiras de Macacu–Rio de Janeiro (22°27′S, 43°39′W). Fifteen non-pregnant Santa Inês ewes, age 3.4 ± 1.4 years, weighing 47.8 ± 6.3 kg, with 3.3 ± 0.4 body condition score (scale of 1 to 5), were randomly assigned to 2 groups. Both groups were superovulated using the same protocol and were mated in a crossover design by NM and laparoscopic AI. Estrus was synchronized using intravaginal sponges (60 mg of medroxyprogesterone acetate; Progespon®, Schering Plough Animal Health, São Paulo, Brazil) inserted (Day 0) and maintained for 6 days. On Day 5, the ewes received IM injections of 300 IU of eCG (Novormon®, Schering Plough Animal Health) and 0.0375 mg of cloprostenol (Prolise®, Tecnopec, São Paulo, Brazil). Twelve hours after sponge removal, 0.025 mg of gonadorelin acetate (Gestran®, Tecnopec) was administered IM. Superovulation started 60 h after sponge removal and consisted of 5 IU kg–1 of porcine FSH (pFSH; Pluset®, Hertape Calier, Minas Gerais, Brazil) IM in 6 decreasing doses (25, 25, 15, 15, 10, and 10%) at 12-h intervals. At the first pFSH dose, new sponges were inserted. At the fifth pFSH dose, 0.0375 mg of cloprostenol was administered IM and the sponges were removed. After the sponge removal, the NM group was exposed to rams twice per day for mating, until the end of estrus. In the AI group, estrus was detected using a teaser with the penis diverted. The females were permitted to be mounted twice per day until the end of estrus, and were inseminated with frozen–thawed semen 24 and 36 h after the end of superovulation. The follicular development and ovulation time were observed using real-time ultrasonography (8.0 MHz Pie Medical®, Aquila Vet, Tokyo, Japan) at 12-h intervals. For statistical analysis, a Student’s t-test was performed (5% significance level) using the BioEstat program. Results are presented as mean ± standard deviation. The time from sponge removal to onset of estrus and the duration of estrus did not differ between NM and AI groups (31.79 ± 5.94 v. 25.25 ± 10.38 h and 29.89 ± 11.54 v. 26.66 ± 8.67 h, respectively). The time from sponge removal to ovulation and from onset of estrus to the first ovulation were shorter (P < 0.001) in the NM group (32.11 ± 12.72 v. 56.48 ± 15.39 h and 8.61 ± 5.99 v. 32.25 ± 18.57 h, respectively). The time from sponge removal to ovulation in July and February was 56.07 ± 7.27 versus 56.83 ± 20.72 in the AI group and 29.54 ± 0.56 versus 33.83 ± 19.02 in the NM group, respectively, suggesting that the season of the year in a tropical region did not influence the ovulation time for each treatment. Possibly, the mechanical stimulation induced by the contact of the penis with the vagina fornix and by the accessory sex glands fluids in mating hastened the ovulation time in the NM group. The service can shorten the time of ovulation.

scholarly journals 167 EVALUATION OF SUPEROVULATORY RESPONSE IN Santa Inês EWES BY ULTRASONOGRAPHY AND LAPAROSCOPY

2010 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 242
Author(s):  
F. Z. Brandão ◽  
E. K. N. Arashiro ◽  
M. Henry ◽  
L. M. Figueira ◽  
J. M. G. Souza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Condition Score ◽  
Animal Health ◽  
Surgical Techniques ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
Poor Responders ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Condition Score ◽  
Santa Inês ◽  
Invasive Techniques

The development and use of non-invasive techniques would reduce risks of surgery sequels on the same animal and use of the donor could be optimized. The aim of this study was to evaluate the accuracy of ultrasonography performed prior to embryo collection to estimate superovulation response in sheep. Fifteen pluriparous Santa Inês sheep, 2 to 5 year old, with an average body weight of 46.79 ± 6.00 kg and body condition score of 2.96 ± 0.32 (1 to 5 scale) were allocated into 3 groups (GI, GII, GIII) in a cross-over design. In GI, intravaginal sponges (60 mg of medroxyprogesterone acetate; Progespon®, Schering Plough Animal Health, São Paulo, Brazil) were inserted (Day 0) and maintained for 14 days, and the superovulatory (SOV) protocol started on Day 12. In GII and GIII, intravaginal sponges were inserted (Day 0) and maintained for 6 days. On Day 5, the animals were treated with 300 IU of eCG (Novormon 5000®, Schering Plough Animal Health) and 5 mg of dinoprost (Lutalyse® Pfizer Animal Health, São Paulo, Brazil) i.m. Animals in GIII received 0.025 mg of gonadorelin acetate (Gestran-Plus®, Tecnopec, São Paulo, Brazil) i.m. 12 h after sponge withdrawal. In GII and GIII, the SOV protocol started 48 h after sponge removal and a new sponge was inserted immediately after its removal. The SOV protocol in all groups consisted of 200 mg of pFSH (Folltropin-V®, Tecnopec) administered in 6 decreasing doses given every 12 h (50/50, 30/30, and 20/20 mg). At the time of the fifth dose of pFSH, 5 mg of dinoprost was administered i.m. and the sponges were removed. Animals were bred by a sexually mature ram twice a day until the end of estrus. Prior to embryo collection, an ultrasonographic evaluation (5 MHz, Aloka SSD-500, Tokyo, Japan) was performed to determine the number of CL present on both ovaries. The number of CL was further evaluated by laparoscopy, when it was possible to detect poor responders or even non-ovulating animals. Statistical analysis was performed using all tests at the 95% confidence interval by SAEG program. Results are presented as mean ± SE. The number of CL was not different among all groups. The total number (GI, GII, and GIII) of CL determined by ultrasonography (9.09 ± 5.01) was not different (P > 0.05) from that observed by laparoscopy (8.87 ± 5.25). A significant correlation (r = 0.56, P < 0.0005) between evaluation performed by ultrasonography and laparoscopy was observed. These results suggest that ultrasonography can be used to determine the response to the superovulatory protocol. As embryo collection in sheep is performed mainly by surgical techniques, the implementation of non-invasive techniques such as ultrasonography could avoid unnecessary surgeries on animals that did not respond to the SOV protocol, therefore preventing early culling of embryo donors. Financial support: Fopesq/Proppi and Faperj (E26/171.065/2006).

scholarly journals Availability and access to food in supermarkets before and during the Covid-19 pandemic in a mid-size city

2021 ◽  
Vol 34 ◽  
Author(s):  
Priscila Moreira de Lima PEREIRA ◽  
Pollyana Ferreira PEREIRA ◽  
Mariana Lamha CASTELLÕES ◽  
Ramon Simonis PEQUENO ◽  
Mário Círio NOGUEIRA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fruits And Vegetables ◽  
Time Frame ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
Healthy Food ◽  
Processed Foods ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Food Store ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Student’S T ◽  
Corn Snacks

ABSTRACT Objective To investigate the availability and price of fresh and ultra-processed foods in supermarkets before and during the Covid-19 pandemic in a mid-size city in the Brazilian state of Minas Gerais. Methods Ecological and longitudinal study. A proportionate stratified random sampling method was applied to supermarkets in the municipality. To assess the availability, variety, and price of fresh and ultra-processed foods, we applied the Estudo do Ambiente Obesogênico em São Paulo (ESAO, Obesogenic Environment Study in São Paulo, Brazil) Food Store Observation Tool questionnaire and calculated the Healthy Food Store Index. The audits took place from December 2019 to January 2020, and we returned to the establishments in September 2020. Descriptive analyzes, McNemar tests, paired Student's T or Wilcoxon tests were performed using the SPSS software, version 20.0, with a 5% significance level. Results Ten supermarkets were evaluated. The prices of oranges (p=0.012), bananas (p=0.043), apples (p=0.004), and onions (p=0.004) were significantly increased during the time frame. Sugar-free soft drinks (p=0.044), powdered drinks (p=0.032), and corn snacks (p=0.015) showed a greater variety of brands and flavors during the pandemic. The Healthy Food Store Index score was 9.50±0.85 before the pandemic and 9.00±1.15 during it. Conclusion The prices of some fruits and vegetables increased, and supermarkets sold a greater variety of ultra-processed foods. Such findings highlight the importance of assessing the consequences of the Covid-19 pandemic on the food environment.

8 EFFECT OF SEMEN TYPES (SEXED v. NONSEXED) ON CONCEPTION RATES OF GIROLANDO HEIFERS INSEMINATED IN FIXED-TIME AI

2010 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 162
Author(s):  
J. Almeida ◽  
O. A. Resende ◽  
D. L. Silveira
Keyword(s):  
Body Condition Score ◽  
Fixed Time ◽  
Estradiol Benzoate ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Device Removal ◽  
Conception Rates ◽  
Sexed Semen ◽  
Condition Score ◽  
Intravaginal Device

With the goal of optimizing protocols, fixed-time artificial insemination (FTAI) was performed under field conditions in a study to evaluate conception rates in Girolando (5/8) heifers (18 to 24 months of age) treated with estradiol benzoate (BE) to induce ovulation. Forty heifers were allocated to 2 groups with 20 animals each: GI-sexed semen (2 million spermatozoa/dose) and GII-nonsexed semen (20 million spermatozoa/dose), with body condition score (BCS) of 3.0 ± 0.14 (scale of 1 to 5), middleweight of 335 ± 38 kg, so that it was made for reutilization of progesterone device. On Day 0 (morning), the animals received 2.0 mg of BE (RIC-BE®,Tecnopec, São Paulo, Brazil), 0.075 mg of D-cloprostenol (Prolise®, ARSA S.R.L., Buenos Aires, Argentina), and an intravaginal device of 1 g of progesterone (Primer®, Tecnopec). On Day 8 (morning) the device was removed and 0.075 mg of D-cloprostenol was managed in the GI animals, then these animals received 1.0 mg of BE 24 h after device removal. The insemination was in the late afternoon of Day 10 with a 6-hour delay (4 to 6 pm). The GII animals received Primer previously used for 8 days (being used in the GI animals under the same protocol). After pregnancy diagnosis at 60 days, a third group was created (GIII) using the not-pregnant animals of GI and GII. In GIII, Primer from third use [disinfected in solution Kilol®-L 1:250 (Quinabra, São Paulo, Brazil) and rinsed with water, dried, and packed in plastic sacks and kept for 60 days] was used following the GI protocol with sexed semen. There were no significant differences (P > 0.05) in the conception rates of 40, 58, and 65% among groups GI (8/20), GII (11/20), and GIII (13/20). These results indicate very good conception rates for heifers, contrary to recommendations of commercial companies of sexed semen that alert for the conception rate for mated animals to be lower when using FTAI and mating protocols in mass, compared with that of AI after estrus observation.

178 USE OF A NEW INTRAVAGINAL DEVICE TO RELEASE PROGESTERONE IN FIXED-TIME EMBRYO TRANSFER EMBRYO RECIPIENTS

2010 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 247
Author(s):  
J. R. V. Pimentel ◽  
P. H. P. Miguez ◽  
A. Kehrle ◽  
E. H. Madureira ◽  
F. A. Braga ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Embryo Transfer ◽  
Body Condition Score ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Fixed Time ◽  
Estradiol Benzoate ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
P Value ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Condition Score ◽  
Intravaginal Device

Progestagen-releasing devices are commonly used for fixed-time artificial insemination and fixed-time embryo transfer (FTET). The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of a new progesterone-releasing intravaginal device made of poly(3-hydroxy)butyrate-valerate copolymer (PHB-V) and poly-ϵ-caprolactone (PCL; Progestar®, Innovare, São Paulo, Brazil) to synchronize crossbredcows and heifers for FTET by determining ovulation, conception, and pregnancy rates. A total of 205 recipients ranging in age from 2 to 8 years (heifers, n = 77; non-suckled cows, n = 69; suckled cows, n = 59) were used on 3 different farms during February, March, and April 2008. The experimental design was a generalized block design (cyclicity, body condition score, postpartum interval, and animal category, i.e. heifers, suckled, or non-suckled cows), with 2 different synchronization treatments for FTET (Progestar® v. Crestar®). Cows were assigned to either Crestar® (norgestomet ear implants; Intervet Schering-Plough, Kenilworth, NJ, USA; n = 103) or Progestar® (PHB-V; n = 102) treatments. All groups were treated with 2 mg of estradiol benzoate i.m. (Innovare) and received the intravaginal or auricular device according to their group (Day 0). Together with P4 device withdrawal (Day 8), all animals received 400 IU of eCG i.m. (Novormon®, Schering-Plough) and 500 μg i.m. of PGF2α, (Sincrocio®, Ouro Fino, Brasil). On Day 9, all cows were treated with 1 mg of estradiol benzoate (Innovare) and the innovulation was performed on Day 17. Embryos were maintained at 37°C during the innovulation period. The percentage of usable recipients (AR) based on the presence of a functional CL on the day of embryo transfer, conception rate (numbers of pregnant recipients of the total number transferred; CR), and pregnancy rate (numbers of pregnant recipients of the total number synchronized; PR) were determined by ultrasonography 23 days after embryo transfer. Data were submitted to ANOVA (PROC GLM, SAS Institute Inc., Cary, NC, USA) and significant differences were considered to have a P-value of <0.05. None of the interactions were significant and there was no effect of treatment on AR (72.8% v. 83.3%), CR (47.9% v. 42.7%), and PR (34.7% v. 35.0%) for Progestar® v. Crestar® groups, respectively. This experiment showed that Progestar® was as efficacious as Crestar® to synchronize crossbred cows and heifers for FTET. FAPESP-Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo and CNPq-Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico.

32 USE OF HORMONE WITH ACTION FOLLICLE-STIMULATING IN OVULATION SYNCHRONIZATION OF CROSSBRED HOLSTEIN-GYR COWS

2010 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 174
Author(s):  
V. A. Nascimento ◽  
G. S. Moura ◽  
M. Dias ◽  
F. A. Oliveira ◽  
A. R. Dias ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pregnancy Rate ◽  
Body Condition ◽  
Buenos Aires ◽  
Body Condition Score ◽  
Animal Health ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Fixed Time ◽  
Estradiol Benzoate ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
São Paulo

The objective of this study was to evaluate the administration of the follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH-p) or equine chorionic gonadotropin (eCG) in protocols of ovulation synchronization. One hundred forty-nine crossbred Holstein-Gyr cows were used in 2 properties in Minas Gerais and 3 treatments: TControl (n = 49 cows), Day 0: insert of a progesterone device (Primer®, Tecnopec, São Paulo, Brazil) + 2 mg of estradiol benzoate (RIC-BE®); Day 8: removal of Primer + 112 mg of D-cloprostenol (Prolise®, ARSA SRL, Buenos Aires, Argentina) + 1 mg of estradiol benzoate and fixed-time artificial insemination (FTAI) accomplished 44 h after the removal of Primer; TFSH (n = 50 cows), similar to TControl, but on Day 8, 15 mg of FSH-p (Folltropin®, Bioniche Animal Health) was administered; TeCG (n = 50 cows), similar to TControl, with administration on Day 8 of 300 IU of eCG (Novormon®, Syntex SA, Buenos Aires, Argentina). Cows that returned to estrus 14 to 28 days after the FTAI were inseminated once again. For all statistical analysis, we used the program SAS 9.0 (2002; SAS Institute Inc., Cary, NC, USA) at 5% probability. Quantitative variables (live weight, days postpartum, follicular average per cow) were analyzed by variance, and body condition score by Friedman test. The pregnancy rates were submitted to logistic analysis considering the effect of local experimental factors and were analyzed by Spearman correlation among the variables studied and the pregnancy rate. There was no difference (P > 0.05) between treatment for pregnancy rate in FTAI protocols (TControl = 40.82%; TFSH = 38.00%; TeCG = 26.00%), in the first insemination after FTAI (TControl = 56.25%; TFSH = 70.59%; TeCG = 68.42%), and in FTAI plus first insemination after FTAI (TControl = 59.18%; TFSH =62.00%; TeCG = 52.00%), as well as for the estrus repetition (TControl = 55.17%; TFSH = 54.84%; TeCG = 51.35%) and the correlation (P > 0.05) among the pregnancy rate and postpartum period, milk production, body weight and body condition. No effect was observed on the pregnancy rate by the addition of the hormones FSH and eCG in the protocol of ovulation synchronization in crossbred Holstein-Gyr cows; however, reinsemination in the period from 14 to 28 days after FTAI increased the pregnancy rate. CNPq; FAPEMIG; TECNOPEC/São Paulo, Brazil.

203 EFFECT OF SUPPLEMENTAL FOLLICLE-STIMULATING HORMONE OR EQUINE CHORIONIC GONADOTROPIN DURING THE PROTOCOL FOR TIMED AI IN HIGH-PRODUCING HOLSTEIN COWS

2010 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 260 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Ayres ◽  
R. M. Ferreira ◽  
M. C. Wiltbank ◽  
P. S. Baruselli
Keyword(s):  
Body Condition Score ◽  
Estradiol Benzoate ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
Additional Treatment ◽  
Dairy Herds ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Condition Score ◽  
Parity Number ◽  
Equine Chorionic Gonadotropin ◽  
Ovulatory Follicles

Programs that allow timed AI (TAI) have been used to improve reproductive efficiency in dairy herds; however, in many cases pregnancies per AI (P/AI) during these programs remain suboptimal. In the present experiment, it was hypothesized that treatment with FSH or eCG at the time of the PGF2 treatment of the TAI protocol would increase fertility in dairy cattle. This experiment was performed in June 2008 (winter) and January 2009 (summer) on 2 commercial dairy farms located in southeast Brazil. On a random day of the estrous cycle (Day 0), 694 cows at 196 ± 138 days in milk (DIM) received 2 mg of estradiol benzoate (RICB®, Tecnopec, São Paulo, Brazil) i.m. and a releasing intravaginal device (P4; Primer®, Tecnopec), which was removed on Day 8 when 150 μg of PGF (Prolise®, ARSA, Buenos Aires, Argentina) i.m. were administered. At this time, the cows were stratified by days in milk (DIM), parity, number of insemination, milk production, presence of a CL on Day 0, and body condition score (BCS) and were randomly assigned to 1 of 3 treatments: control (n = 232), consisting of no additional treatment; eCG (n = 232), consisting of 400 IU of eCG (Folligon®, Intervet, São Paulo, Brazil); and FSH (n = 230), consisting of 20 mg of FSH (Folltropin®, Bioniche, Belleville, Ontario, Canada). All cows received GnRH (100 μg of gonadorelin; Fertagyl®, Intervet) and were TAI 56 h after the removal of the device. Pregnancy diagnosis was performed 30 and 60 days after TAI. Also, a subset of animals (n = 89) was submitted to ultrasonographic exams to evaluate the diameter of the ovulatory follicles (ØOF), time to ovulation after P4 removal (TOV), and ovulation rate (OR). Statistical analyses were performed with logistic regression by PROC GLIMMIX of SAS (SAS Institute, Cary, NC, USA). There were no interactions of treatment with DIM, parity, number of insemination, BCS, locomotion score, sire, batch, inseminator, farm, or month; therefore, these variables were removed from the statistical model. The overall P/AI was different between treatments at 30 days after TAI [control = 28.0% (65/232), eCG = 29.7% (69/232), and FSH = 18.7% (43/230); P = 0.01], but not at 60 days [control = 21.6% (50/232), eCG = 24.1% (56/232), and FSH = 16.1% (37/230); P = 0.08]. Pregnancy loss was also similar among treatments [control = 23.1% (15/65), eCG = 18.8% (13/69), and FSH = 14.0% (6/43); P = 0.08]. In addition, the treatments (control, eCG, and FSH, respectively) were not different among ØOF (13.78 ± 0.52; 14.50 ± 0.59; and 15.35 ± 0.69 mm; P = 0.15); TOV (82.50 ± 2.14; 78.48 ± 2.35; and 78.96 ± 2.39 h after P4 withdrawal; P = 0.30); or OR [82.76% (24/29); 83.33% (25/30); and 83.33% (25/30); P = 0.44]. Thus, these data do not indicate a major fertility-enhancing effect of a single eCG or FSH treatment during protocol for TAI in high-producing dairy cows, contrary to the hypothesis of the present study. Tecnopec, Fazenda Campestre, Agrindus S/A, Echoa e Nutricell Nutrientes Celulares.

216 DINOPROST ADMINISTRATION, PERIOD OF OVULATION, AND OVULATORY FOLLICULAR SIZE ON DAYS FOUR TO SIX OF ESTROUS CYCLE IN EWES

2010 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 266
Author(s):  
P. M. P. Nascimento ◽  
A. P. Oliveira ◽  
F. Z. Brandao ◽  
A. L. R. S. Maia ◽  
P. H. N. Pinto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Estrous Cycle ◽  
Body Condition Score ◽  
Animal Health ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
Corpora Lutea ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Device Removal ◽  
Ovulatory Follicle ◽  
Follicle Size ◽  
The Difference

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of 2 doses of dinoprost at the time of ovulation on Days 4 to 6 of the estrous cycle in ewes. The experiment was conducted in the city of Piau (Minas Gerais, Brazil) from July to August 2008 during the local no-breeding season. Twenty-four ewes with body condition score 3.0 ± 0.75 were used for this experiment. The estrous cycle was synchronized with intravaginal releasing devices containing 0.33 g of progesterone for 6 days (Eazi-Breed CIDR®, Pfizer Animal Health, São Paulo, Brazil), and 12.5 mg of dinoprost (Lutalyse®, Pfizer do Brasil Saúde Animal, São Paulo, Brazil) laterovulvar plus 300 IU of eCG 24 h before device removal. Animals were monitored by transrectal ultrasonography every 8 h and subjected to 5 or 10 mg of dinoprost on Days 4, 5, or 6 of the cycle. Results were submitted to ANOVA and Tukey test, using all tests at the 95% confidence interval (SAEG program, Funarbe, Viçosa, Brazil). Data were reported as percentage or mean ± SD. The period from device removal to ovulation was 48.0 ± 7.07 h. The 5-mg dinoprost dose evoked similar (P > 0.05) results for Days 4, 5, and 6 regarding the time of ovulation after luteal gland regression induction [71.3 ± 28.6, 71.46 ± 30.4, and 68.2 ± 29.2 h for Days 4 (n = 4), 5 (n = 4), or 6 (n = 4), respectively] and follicle size (6.48 ± 0.34, 6.41 ± 0.35, and 6.5 ± 0.32 mm for Days 4, 5, and 6, respectively) at the time of ovulation. In animals that received 10 mg of dinoprost, the time of ovulation was affected (P ≤ 0.05) by Day of treatment [71.3 ± 27.6, 68.3 ± 30.6, and 64 ± 29.2 h for Days 4 (n = 4), 5 (n = 4), and 6 (n = 4), respectively]. However, there was no effect of the 10 mg on follicle size at ovulation (6.48 ± 0.34, 6.41 ± 0.35, and 6.3 ± 0.33 mm for Days 4, 5, and 6, respectively). There was no difference (P ≥ 0.05) on the size of ovulatory follicle(s) among animals with 1 (n = 4, 4, and 1 for Days 4, 5, and 6, respectively), 2 (n = 3, 3, and 4 for Days 4, 5, and 6, respectively), and 3 (n = 1, 1, and 3 for Days 4, 5, and 6, respectively) ovulations. The difference in the interval from luteal gland regression to ovulation in animals that received 10 mg of dinoprost on Day 6 of the estrous cycle suggests a higher sensitivity of corpora lutea at that moment. Results showed that both doses of dinoprost were capable of inducing early luteal gland regression; this fact supports the use of short-term protocols for the induction of estrus in ewes. Pfizer Brazil, CNPq, FAPEMIG.

92 INDUCTION OF FIRST POSTPARTUM OVULATION, AFTER ADMINISTRATION OF GONADOTROPIN-RELEASING HORMONE OR ESTRADIOL BENZOATE, IN NELLORE COWS

2009 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 146
Author(s):  
V. G. Pinheiro ◽  
R. A. Satrapa ◽  
R. A. L. Simões ◽  
F. S. Rosa ◽  
C. M. Barros
Keyword(s):  
Body Condition ◽  
Body Condition Score ◽  
Hormone Treatment ◽  
Estradiol Benzoate ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
Gonadotropin Releasing Hormone ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Releasing Hormone ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Condition Score

There are reports in the literature indicating that the presence of calf, body condition score, number of births (multiparous v. primiparous), and breed are factors that influence the duration of postpartum anestrus in beef cows. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate, during early postpartum, the time of the reestablishment of LH stocks, measured by the hypothalamic-pituitary axis responsiveness to exogenous administration of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) or estradiol benzoate (EB). Primiparous lactating Nellore cows (n = 38, body condition score 2.5 to 3.5, on a 0 to 5 scale) were kept in a Brachiaria brizantha pasture. The animals were randomly allocated into 2 groups, according to hormone treatment: EB group (1 mg EB, i.m., Estrogin®, Farmavet, Sao Paulo, Brazil; n = 20) and GnRH group (100 μg, licerelina, i.m, Gestran Plus®, ARSA S.L.R., Buenos Aires, Argentina; n = 18). In each group, half of the animals were supplemented with a balanced diet based on cotton meal and ground corn. The drugs were administered from 7 days postpartum (±4 days), at intervals of 7 days, until the occurrence of the first ovulation that was observed by weekly ultrasonography (US, Aloka 900, Tokyo, Japan; 7.5-MHz transrectal probe). The data were analyzed by ANOVA (Proc GLM, SAS Institute, Cary, NC). Within the GnRH and EB groups, the first ovulation occurred 15 and 33 days postpartum, respectively, whereas the group averages (± SD) occurred earlier in cows treated with GnRH compared with those treated with EB (43.0 ± 3.8. v. 75.1 ± 8.7 days postpartum, respectively; P < 0.01). In the EB group, 4 animals did not ovulate until Day 140 postpartum. There was no interaction of treatment (GnRH, EB) × nutrition (supplemented, nonsupplemented). When data from the EB and GnRH groups were combined, there was a significant difference between supplemented and nonsupplemented animals (44.4 ± 6.2 v. 68.9 ± 7.3 days, respectively; P < 0.02). The results indicate that GnRH induces ovulation from Day 15 postpartum, suggesting the presence of sufficient LH in the pituitary to induce the first ovulation at this time. However, EB administration did not induce ovulation in this period, possibly because of the sensitivity of the hypothalamus to negative feedback of estrogens, inhibiting the preovulatory LH surge. These results also indicate that nutritional supplementation anticipates the first postpartum ovulation induced by GnRH or EB. Support by FAPESP(Sao Paulo, Brazil); fellowship from FAPESPA; fellowship from CAPESB.

scholarly journals Decision Support Systems with AHP and SAW Method for Determination of Cattle with Superior Seeds

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 119-128
Author(s):  
Clarissa Amanda Josaputri ◽  
Endang Sugiharti ◽  
Riza Arifudin
Keyword(s):  
Decision Support ◽  
Decision Support Systems ◽  
Support Systems ◽  
Body Condition Score ◽  
Animal Health ◽  
Animal Husbandry ◽  
Importance Value ◽  
Condition Score ◽  
Hierarchy Process

Department of Animal Husbandry and Fisheries of Semarang District is an institution in charge of livestock and animal health. Basically the Animal Husbandry Department has provided standardization for quality livestock cattle with superior seeds that usually can be judged or measured by various criteria.They are weight, age and value of BCS (Body Condition Score).They needed a system that could help the Department of Livestock and Fisheries of Semarang District in determining the electoral process cattle with superior seeds. In this research, the manufacture of Decision Support Systems in the determination cattle with superior seedsis using a combination of two methods is Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) and the Simple Addictive Weighting (SAW). In AHP will perform an importance value calculation criteria that will be paired up with an alternative to the SAW the next process is the sum of the weight from performance rating of all the attributes to each alternative, a ranking conducted to determine the result of cattle with superior seeds. Suggestions on this system, can be developed further by combining other methods to determine the recommendation that more effective.

scholarly journals Performance and carcass characteristics of lambs ½ Dorper + ½ Santa Inês, slaughtered with different thicknesses of subcutaneous fat

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 125-135 ◽  
Author(s):  
Urias Fagner Santos Nascimento ◽  
Gladston Rafael de Arruda Santos ◽  
Camilo Santos Azevedo ◽  
Francisco de Assis Fonseca Macedo ◽  
Telisson Ribeiro Gonçalves ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Condition Score ◽  
Subcutaneous Fat ◽  
Carcass Characteristics ◽  
Final Body Weight ◽  
Total Weight Gain ◽  
Condition Score ◽  
Subcutaneous Fat Thickness ◽  
Fat Thickness ◽  
Santa Inês ◽  
Compactness Index

SUMMARY The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of subcutaneous fat thickness (SFT) on slaughter in lambs ½ Dorper + ½ Santa Inês (DSI) on performance, carcass characteristics and commercial cuts. It was used twenty-four lambs, slaughtered with 2mm, 3mm and 4mm SFT. There was an effect of SFT on performance: for days of confinement (2mm = 51.38, 3mm = 66.50, 4mm = 91.63 days), age at slaughter (2mm = 139.38, 3mm = 159.88, 4mm = 171.00 days), final body weight (2mm = 33.50, 3mm = 42.81, 4mm = 46.19 kg), total weight gain (2mm = 18.75, 3mm = 25.08, 4mm = (2mm = 0.44, 3mm = 0.39, 4mm = 0.28kg), slaughter weight (2mm = 32.76, 3mm = 39.79, 4mm = 44.88 kg), body condition score (2mm = 2.97, 3mm = 3.13, 4mm = 3.56); for carcass characteristics: warm carcass weight (2mm = 15.33, 3mm = 19.16, 4mm = 21.90 kg) and cold (2mm = 15.03, 3mm = 18.75, 4mm = 21.47), cooling losses (2mm = 0.00234; 3mm = 0.00333; 4mm = 0.00201 kg), carcass yields: in the refrigerator (2mm=46,79; 3mm=48,30; 4mm=48,79%); commercial (2mm = 45.88, 3mm = 47.25, 4mm = 47.82%) and true (2mm = 52.93, 3mm = 54.51, 4mm = 55.67%); carcass compactness index (2mm= 0,250; 3mm=0,30; 4mm=0,33 kg/cm) for cut weights; neck (2mm=0,44; 3mm=0,55; 4mm=0,56 kg); palette (2mm=1,38; 3mm=1,61; 4mm=2,14 kg), flank steak (2mm=2,16; 3mm=2,73; 4mm=3,19 kg), loin (2mm=0,93; 3mm=1,14; 4mm=1,25 kg), and leg (2mm=2,68; 3mm=3,20, 4mm=3,76 kg). For the tissue composition of only the muscular cuts of the neck (2mm = 50.24, 3mm = 51.44, 4mm = 55.34%), bone of the neck (2mm = 30.24, 3mm = 29.63, 4mm = 25.91%), of the loin (2mm=15,05; 3mm=24,63; 4mm=24,71%) and the leg (2mm=11,38; 3mm=13,33; 4mm=13,13%), they presented differences between the SFT (p> 0.05). It is recommended to slaughter lambs ½ Dorper + ½ Santa Inês with 3mm of SFT.

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