414 IMPROVEMENT OF EMBRYO QUALITY BY THE REPLACEMENT OF THE LAST TWO DOSES OF PORCINE FOLLICLE-STIMULATING HORMONE BY EQUINE CHORIONIC GONADOTROPIN IN SUPERSTIMULATED SINDI DONORS

2010 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 364
Author(s):  
M. C. C. Mattos ◽  
M. R. Bastos ◽  
M. M. Guardieiro ◽  
J. O. Carvalho ◽  
G. B. Mourão ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Embryo Quality ◽  
Linear Models ◽  
Previous Experiment ◽  
Animal Health ◽  
Follicle Stimulating Hormone ◽  
Bos Indicus ◽  
Previous History ◽  
Estradiol Benzoate ◽  
History Of ◽  
Equine Chorionic Gonadotropin

Results from a previous experiment (Barros C et al. 2008 Reprod. Fertil. Dev. 20, 152 abst) have shown that the replacement of porcine FSH (pFHS) by eCG on the last day of the superstimulatory treatment in Nellore (Bos indicus) cows resulted in a greater superovulatory (SOV) response as compared with treatment exclusively with pFSH. However, another study (Sartori R et al. 2009 Reprod. Fertil. Dev. 21, 245-246 abst) in Nellore heifers did not corroborate those observations. The aim of this study was to evaluate the SOV response of Sindi (Bos indicus) donors submitted to this protocol. Forty-eight SOV treatments were performed in a crossover design in 19 nulliparous and primiparous females that were randomly divided into 2 groups: FSH (n = 24), which consisted of 8 pFSH injections (Folltropin®-V, Bioniche Animal Health; Belleville, Ontario, Canada), or FSH-eCG (n = 24), which consisted of 6 pFSH injections followed by 2 eCG injections (Folligon®, Intervet Schering-Plough Animal Health, Brazil). Each female underwent 2 or 3 SOV treatments that consisted of an i.m. injection of 2 mg of estradiol benzoate (Gonadiol®, Intervet) and the insertion of an intravaginal progesterone-releasing device (DIB®, Intervet) on Day 0. On Day 4, the superstimulatory treatments (100 or 150 mg of pFSH, based on previous history of SOV responses) were initiated and given in decreasing doses twice a day over a 4-day period. In the FSH-eCG group, the last 2 doses of pFSH were replaced by 2 doses of eCG (150 or 200 IU of eCG each). At the time of the fifth and sixth injections of FSH, 0.150 mg of PGF2 (Preloban®, Intervet) was injected i.m. The DIB® device was removed at the time of the last FSH or eCG injection and ovulation was induced with 0.2 mg of GnRH (Fertagyl®, Intervet) 12 h later. All females were artificially inseminated with frozen-thawed semen from the same bull 12 and 24 h after GnRH treatment. Seven days after the first AI, embryos/ova were recovered. Superstimulatory (number of follicles ≥6 mm at the time of the last FSH or eCG injection) and SOV (CL number) responses were determined by transrectal ultrasonography. Data were analyzed using generalized linear models and results were presented as least squares means ± standard error. The FSH-eCG group had higher superstimulatory (33.3 ± 3.9 v. 24.2 ± 3.0 follicles; P ≤0.06) and SOV (16.8 ± 2.9 v. 10.8 ± 2.1 CL; P ≤ 0.10) responses. Although the number of total ova/embryos recovered was not different between groups (8.2 ± 1.8 v. 5.9 ± 1.4 for FSH-eCG and FSH groups, respectively; P > 0.25), the number (6.5 ± 1.2 v. 2.4 ± 0.7; P ≤ 0.008) and percentage (75.2 ± 6.6 v. 52.8 ± 8.6%; P ≤ 0.05) of viable embryos was greater for the FSH-eCG females. Contrasting with the results in Nellore heifers, this study observed improvement in superstimulatory and SOV responses and embryo quality by replacing the last 2 doses of pFSH by eCG in Sindi donors. Financial support from FAPESP, EMBRAPA, Intervet Schering-Plough Animal Health, Nutricell, and Sindi do ACS of Brazil.

297 LACK OF IMPROVEMENT ON EMBRYO PRODUCTION BY THE REPLACEMENT OF THE LAST TWO DOSES OF pFSH BY eCG IN SUPERSTIMULATED NELORE HEIFERS

2009 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 245 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Sartori ◽  
M. M. Guardieiro ◽  
C. M. Barros ◽  
M. R. Bastos ◽  
G. M. Machado ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Financial Support ◽  
Buenos Aires ◽  
Previous Experiment ◽  
Animal Health ◽  
Bos Indicus ◽  
Estradiol Benzoate ◽  
Embryo Production ◽  
Uterine Flushing ◽  
Paired T Test

Results from a previous experiment have shown that the replacement of pFSH by eCG on the last day of the superstimulatory treatment in Nelore (Bos indicus) cows resulted in a greater superovulatory (SOV) response as compared to the treatment exclusively with pFSH (Barros CM et al. 2008 Repr. Fertil. Dev. 20, 152 abst). The aim of this study was to investigate if a similar approach would be beneficial for embryo production in nulliparous Nelore heifers. Forty heifers were randomly divided into two SOV groups: FSH Group: eight pFSH injections or FSH-eCG Group: six pFSH injections followed by two eCG injections. Each female received both treatments 65 days apart in a cross-over design. The SOV protocols consisted of an IM injection of 2 mg estradiol benzoate (Estrogin, Farmavet, São Paulo, Brazil) and insertion of an intravaginal progesterone releasing device (1.9 g progesterone, CIDR, Pfizer, Hamilton, New Zealand) on Day 0. On Day 4.5, the superstimulatory treatments (70 mg pFSH; Folltropin-V, Bioniche Animal Health; Belleville, ON, Canada) were initiated and given in decreasing doses of 28, 21, 14, and 7 mg twice a day, over a 4-day period. The FSH-eCG Group had the last two doses of pFSH replaced by two doses of 150 IU eCG (Folligon, Bioniche). At the time of the fifth and sixth injections of FSH, 25 mg dinoprost tromethamine (Lutalyse, Pfizer, Paulinia, Brazil) was injected IM. The CIDR was removed at the time of the seventh superstimulatory injection. Ovulation was induced with an IM injection of 0.05 mg GnRH (gonadorelin acetate; Gestran Plus; ARSA S.R.L., Buenos Aires, Argentina) 12 h after the last superstimulatory injection. All heifers were artificially inseminated with frozen/thawed semen from the same bull 12 and 24 h after GnRH. Seven days after the first AI, embryos/ova were recovered using a nonsurgical uterine flushing technique and classified according to IETS standards. To determine the superstimulatory (number of follicles ≥6 mm 12 h prior to GnRH) and SOV (number of ovulated follicles 48 h after GnRH, confirmed by CL number at the time of embryo collection) responses, transrectal ultrasonography was performed. Data were analyzed by paired t test and are presented as mean ± SEM. There was no difference between FSH and FSH-eCG groups regarding superstimulatory (23.2 ± 1.9 v. 22.3 ± 1.6 follicles ≥6 mm, P = 0.56) or SOV (15.2 ± 1.1 v. 17.5 ± 1.4 CL, P = 0.21) responses. Treatments were also similar for number of total embryos/ova (9.6 ± 0.9 v. 9.5 ± 1.0, P = 0.91), viable embryos (4.9 ± 0.7 v. 3.7 ± 0.5, P = 0.17), or degenerate embryos (3.0 ± 0.6 v. 4.3 ± 0.7, P = 0.10) recovered. Contrasting with the results using Nelore cows, the present study did not observe improvement on embryo production by replacing of the last two doses of pFSH by eCG in superstimulated heifers. Financial support from CNPq, FAPESP, EMBRAPA and Pfizer of Brazil.

Effect of recombinant bovine somatotropin on pregnancy rates of Nellore cows resynchronized with the use of new DIB and third use, and inseminated at fixed-time

2015 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 356-362
Author(s):  
Josemara Silva Santos ◽  
Tania Cavalcante ◽  
Francisca Elda Ferreira Dias ◽  
Domenica Palomaris Mariano de Souza ◽  
Alencariano J.S. Falcão ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Insemination ◽  
Linear Models ◽  
Plasma Concentrations ◽  
Fixed Time ◽  
Estradiol Benzoate ◽  
Pregnancy Rates ◽  
Recombinant Bovine Somatotropin ◽  
Equine Chorionic Gonadotropin ◽  
Rectal Palpation ◽  
Intravaginal Device

The objective of the experiment was to evaluate the effects of recombinant bovine somatropin (rbST), and the reuse of the progesterone (P4) releasing devices in resynchronization, on the pregnancy rates of Nellore cows submitted to fixed-time artificial insemination. A group of 123 multiparae Nellore cows, was submitted to a resynchronization protocol: on day 0 a Bovine Intravaginal Device (DIB® ) with 1,0g of P4 was implanted, associated with intramuscular administration of 2,0mg of estradiol benzoate (IM); on day 8 DIB was removed; and 1,0mg of estradiol cypionate, 0,15mg of prostaglandin F2? and 300 UI of equine chorionic gonadotropin were administered; on day 10, fixed-time artificial insemination was conducted (FTAI). The cows were randomized into G1 (n=12) – without rbST / with used Bovine Intravaginal Device, G2 (n=50) – without rbST / with new DIB, G3 (n=11) - with rbST / with used DIB and G4 (n=50) – with rbST/ with new DIB. rbST was introduced on the eighth day of the protocol. Sixty days after TAI, pregnancy diagnoses were conducted, via rectal palpation. Blood samples were taken on day 0, 8 and 10 of the protocol, in order to assess P4 plasma concentrations. Pregnancy rates were statistically evaluated through Generalized Linear Models Theory and their significance was tested with Analysis of Deviance. Pregnancy rates were 58%, 40%, 81% and 48% for G1, G2, G3 and G4, respectively, with significant statistical difference for G3. Plasma concentrations of P4 were not statistically different among groups, or collections. In view of the results obtained, we concluded that the administration of rbST in association with P4 DIB, used for the third time, improves pregnancy rates. Estrus resynchronization and re-insemination positively impacted pregnancy rates.

406 EFFECT OF DIFFERENT FOLLICLE-STIMULATING HORMONE DOSES ON SUPEROVULATORY RESPONSE OF Red Sindhi COWS

2010 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 359
Author(s):  
B. P. Carvalho ◽  
M. R. B. Mello ◽  
J. M. Baldrighi ◽  
J. S. Campanati ◽  
R. R. C. Mello ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Animal Health ◽  
Follicle Stimulating Hormone ◽  
Reproductive Potential ◽  
Estradiol Benzoate ◽  
Bovine Embryo ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Adequate Dosage ◽  
Level Of Significance ◽  
Cryopreserved Embryos ◽  
Stimulating Hormone

The use of bovine embryo transfer to increase the reproductive potential of animals with high genetic merit is unquestionable. However, studies that evaluate the response to exogenous FSH stimulation in Red Sindhi cows are rare. Therefore, the objective of this study was to compare the superovulatory response of Red Sindhi cows treated with 3 different doses of FSH (Folltropin®-V, Bioniche Animal Health, Belleville, Ontario, Canada). The animals used had body condition scores ranging from 3.5 to 4.0 (1-5 scale), were between 6 and 10 years of age, and were randomly assigned to 1 of 3 treatment groups. Three doses of FSH were administered: 100 mg (n = 16); 133 mg (n = 13), and 200 mg (n = 14). The treatments were initiated on random days of the estrous cycle. On Day 0, animals received 2 mg of estradiol benzoate i.m. (Estrogin®, Farmavet, Jaboticabal, Brazil) and an intravaginal device (CIDR; InterAg, Hamilton, New Zealand) with 1.9 g of progesterone. On Day 4, donors received FSH in 8 i.m. injections that decreased in dose during 4 consecutive days. A dose of 265 μg of cloprostenol (Ciosin®, Schering-Plough, Cotia, Brazil) was given i.m. concomitantly with the fifth FSH injection. Twelve hours after the last FSH injection, donors received 25 μg of lecirelin i.m. (GnRH; Gestran Plus®, ARSA SRL, Buenos Aires, Argentina). TheAI were performed 12 and 24 h after GnRH. Seven days after the first AI, embryos were recovered and classified as described in the IETS manual. Data were evaluated using KruskalWallis test at a 5% level of significance. Ovarian ultrasonography was also performed to count the number of CL present at the time of ova/embryo collection. Results are summarized in Table 1. The number of CL and total ova/embryos was higher in donors receiving 200 mg of FSH than in those in the other groups. However, the number of transferable or cryopreserved embryos did not differ among groups. In conclusion, the dosage of 200 mg of Folltropin®-V seemed to be the more adequate dosage for this breed of cattle. Table 1.Effect of different follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) doses on CL number, total structures, transferable embryos, and cryopreserved embryos in Red Sindhi cows (mean ± SEM) Financial support provided by FAPERJ (E26-170.529/2007).

251 FOLLICLE DEVIATION AND OVULATORY CAPACITY IN BOS INDICUS HEIFERS

2007 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 242 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. U. Gimenes ◽  
N. A. T. Carvalho ◽  
M. F. Sá Filho ◽  
H. Ayres ◽  
J. R. S. Torres-Júnior ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bos Taurus ◽  
Animal Health ◽  
Bos Indicus ◽  
Estradiol Benzoate ◽  
Transrectal Ultrasonography ◽  
Holstein Cows ◽  
Second Phase ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Follicle Diameter ◽  
Two Phases

In Holstein cows, the diameter of the dominant follicle (DF) at the time of follicle deviation is 8.5 mm and the subordinate follicle (SF) is 7.2 mm (Ginther et al. 1996 Biol. Reprod. 55, 1187–1194). However, follicular responsiveness to an ovulatory treatment occurs only with 10.0-mm-diameter follicles (Sartori et al. 2001 Biol. Reprod. 65, 1403–1409). The current study tested the hypothesis that, in Bos indicus (Nelore and crossbred Nelore � Gir) females, the follicular diameters at the time of deviation and ovulation responsiveness are smaller than those in Holstein cows. The experiment was performed in two phases. In the first phase, 12 Nelore heifers were previously synchronized with a protocol using progestagen and estradiol benzoate. After implant removal, all heifers were evaluated by transrectal ultrasonography (Aloka SSD-500, Tokyo, Japan) every 12 h until Day 5 of the estrous cycle (Day 0 = Day of the ovulation) to assess the time of ovulation, the time of follicle deviation, and the follicular diameter at the deviation. In the second phase, 29 Bos indicus heifers (Nelore and crossbred Nelore � Gir) were previously synchronized with the same protocol as cited above. After the ovulations (Day 0), the follicles were evaluated by transrectal ultrasonography every 24 h, until they reached the diameter of 7.0–8.4 mm (n = 9); 8.5–10.0 mm (n = 10); and >10.0 mm (n = 10). In order to assess the ovulatory capacity, all animals were treated with 25 mg of LH (Lutropin-V�; Bioniche Animal Health, Inc., Belleville, Ontario, Canada) at these follicle diameter ranges. After the LH treatment, all animals were monitored by ultrasonography every 12 h for 48 h. ANOVA, Bartlett, and chi-square tests were used in the statistical analyses. In the first phase, the diameters of the DF and SF at the time of follicular deviation (61.9 � 4.9 h after ovulation) were 6.2 � 0.2 and 5.8 � 0.2 mm, respectively. In the second phase, the the average follicular diameters at the time of LH administration in the groups 7.0–8.4 mm, 8.5–10.0 mm, and >10.0 mm were 7.6a � 0.1 mm, 9.6b � 0.1 mm, and 10.9c � 0.2 mm; and their ovulation rates were 33.3%a (3/9), 80.0%b (8/10), and 90.0%b (9/10), respectively (P < 0.05). The interval from LH treatment to ovulation was 38.0 � 4.0 h, 31.5 � 2.7 h, and 30.0 � 2.0 h, respectively (P > 0.05). In conclusion, in Bos indicus heifers, follicle deviation occurred with smaller diameters than previously reported in Bos taurus breeds. In addition, Bos indicus heifers are able to ovulate in response to 25 mg of LH with smaller diameters compared to those of Bos taurus breeds. Moreover, in Bos indicus heifers, ovulatory capacity is acquired by follicles as small as 7.0–8.4 mm, but this responsiveness significantly increases after follicles reach 8.5–10.0 mm. This work was supported by FAPESP (Proc:03/10203-4); Bioniche Animal Health, Inc., Belleville, Ontario, Canada; and Tecnopec, S�o Paulo, Brazil.

scholarly journals Clinical implications of globally emerging azole resistance in Aspergillus fumigatus

2016 ◽  
Vol 371 (1709) ◽  
pp. 20150460 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jacques F. Meis ◽  
Anuradha Chowdhary ◽  
Johanna L. Rhodes ◽  
Matthew C. Fisher ◽  
Paul E. Verweij
Keyword(s):  
De Novo ◽  
Animal Health ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Previous History ◽  
Resistance Mechanisms ◽  
Antifungal Drugs ◽  
Cross Resistance ◽  
Azole Resistance ◽  
Health Food ◽  
History Of

Aspergillus fungi are the cause of an array of diseases affecting humans, animals and plants. The triazole antifungal agents itraconazole, voriconazole, isavuconazole and posaconazole are treatment options against diseases caused by Aspergillus . However, resistance to azoles has recently emerged as a new therapeutic challenge in six continents. Although de novo azole resistance occurs occasionally in patients during azole therapy, the main burden is the aquisition of resistance through the environment. In this setting, the evolution of resistance is attributed to the widespread use of azole-based fungicides. Although ubiquitously distributed, A. fumigatus is not a phytopathogen. However, agricultural fungicides deployed against plant pathogenic moulds such as Fusarium , Mycospaerella and A. flavus also show activity against A. fumigatus in the environment and exposure of non-target fungi is inevitable. Further, similarity in molecule structure between azole fungicides and antifungal drugs results in cross-resistance of A. fumigatus to medical azoles. Clinical studies have shown that two-thirds of patients with azole-resistant infections had no previous history of azole therapy and high mortality rates between 50% and 100% are reported in azole-resistant invasive aspergillosis. The resistance phenotype is associated with key mutations in the cyp51A gene, including TR 34 /L98H, TR 53 and TR 46 /Y121F/T289A resistance mechanisms. Early detection of resistance is of paramount importance and if demonstrated, either with susceptibility testing or through molecular analysis, azole monotherapy should be avoided. Liposomal amphotericin B or a combination of voriconazole and an echinocandin are recomended for azole-resistant aspergillosis. This article is part of the themed issue ‘Tackling emerging fungal threats to animal health, food security and ecosystem resilience’.

402 SUPEROVULATION OF TROPICAL-ADAPTED BOS TAURUS AND BOS INDICUS COWS IN A TROPICAL ENVIRONMENT

2010 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 357
Author(s):  
R. H. Alvarez ◽  
A. C. Martinez ◽  
R. M. L. Pires
Keyword(s):  
Ovarian Function ◽  
Bos Taurus ◽  
Animal Health ◽  
Bos Indicus ◽  
Ovarian Response ◽  
Estradiol Benzoate ◽  
Maximum Temperature ◽  
Embryo Production ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Average Maximum

Breed differences in ovarian function were found among beef Bos indicus and Bos taurus cows maintained in a subtropical environment (Alvarez P et al. 2000 J. Anim. Sci. 78, 1291-1302). The aim of this study was to compare ovarian response to superovulation and embryo production of tropical-adapted Bos taurus and Bos indicus cows. The experiment was carried out in a tropical wet climate at the experimental station of Instituto de Zootecnia (latitude 22°46′S, longitude 47°17′W) from November to February (average maximum temperature = 30.0 ± 0.8°C and average absolute precipitation = 153.1 ± 78.8 mm3). Forty Caracu (a local Bos taurus breed) and 50 Nelore (Bos indicus breed) lactating cows were treated with an intravaginal device containing progesterone (1.38 mg; CIDR-B®, Pfizer Animal Health, Montreal, Québec, Canada) and 2.5 mg i.m. of estradiol benzoate (Estrogin®, Farmavet, São Paulo, Brazil). Four days later, the animals were superovulated with multiple i.m. injections of 400 IU of FSH (Pluset®, Calier, Spain) in decreasing doses (75-75, 75-50, 50-25, and 25-25 IU) at 12-h intervals over 4 days. The CIDR-B® device was removed 3 days after the first superovulatory injection and cows received i.m. 150 μg of cloprostenol (Veteglan®, Calier, Spain). Cows were inseminated 48 and 62 h after the cloprostenol injection and embryos were recovered nonsurgically 7 days after insemination. Differences in the number of CL (assessed by ultrasound scanning), total number of ova/embryos, and number of transferable embryos were analyzed by ANOVA. Differences in the number of animals with low response (<3 CL) to superovulation were analyzed by chi-square test. All donors (with the exception of 1 Caracu and 2 Nelore) with ovarian response >3 CL showed estrus at insemination. Three (8.9%) Caracu and 5 (10.0%) Nelore cows had <3 CL following the superovulation treatment (P = 0.68). There was no difference (P > 0.05) in the mean (± SEM) CL counts of Caracu (11.4 ± 3.3) and Nelore (12.0 ± 4.1) cows. Similarly, there were no differences (P > 0.05) between Caracu and Nelore cows for total number of ova/embryos collected (8.6 ± 2.6 v. 9.0 ± 4.3) or transferable embryos (6.0 ± 2.4 v. 5.1 ± 2.9). In conclusion, the superovulation of Caracu and Nelore cows carried out in a tropical climate resulted in similar ovarian responses and embryo production. Supported by FAPESP.

Evidence for default mode network dysfunction in borderline personality disorder

2019 ◽  
Vol 50 (10) ◽  
pp. 1746-1754
Author(s):  
Salvatore Aguilar-Ortiz ◽  
Pilar Salgado-Pineda ◽  
Daniel Vega ◽  
Juan C. Pascual ◽  
Josep Marco-Pallarés ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Borderline Personality Disorder ◽  
Personality Disorder ◽  
Default Mode Network ◽  
Linear Models ◽  
Previous History ◽  
Memory Task ◽  
Borderline Personality ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Default Mode ◽  
History Of

AbstractBackgroundAlthough executive and other cognitive deficits have been found in patients with borderline personality disorder (BPD), whether these have brain functional correlates has been little studied. This study aimed to examine patterns of task-related activation and de-activation during the performance of a working memory task in patients with the disorder.MethodsSixty-seven DSM-IV BPD patients and 67 healthy controls underwent fMRI during the performance of the n-back task. Linear models were used to obtain maps of within-group activations and areas of differential activation between the groups.ResultsOn corrected whole-brain analysis, there were no activation differences between the BPD patients and the healthy controls during the main 2-back v. baseline contrast, but reduced activation was seen in the precentral cortex bilaterally and the left inferior parietal cortex in the 2-back v. 1-back contrast. The patients showed failure of de-activation affecting the medial frontal cortex and the precuneus, plus in other areas. The changes did not appear to be attributable to previous history of depression, which was present in nearly half the sample.ConclusionsIn this study, there was some, though limited, evidence for lateral frontal hypoactivation in BPD during the performance of an executive task. BPD also appears to be associated with failure of de-activation in key regions of the default mode network.

310 DOES PROGESTERONE OR EQUINE CHORIONIC GONADOTROPIN IMPROVE THE SUPEROVULATORY RESPONSE AND EMBRYO QUALITY IN WOOD BISON DURING THE ANOVULATORY SEASON?

2013 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 302
Author(s):  
J. M. Palomino ◽  
R. J. Mapletoft ◽  
M. Anzar ◽  
M. R. Woodbury ◽  
M. P. Cervantes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Embryo Quality ◽  
Animal Health ◽  
Ovarian Response ◽  
Ovulation Rate ◽  
Bison Bison ◽  
Corpora Lutea ◽  
Chi Squared ◽  
Wood Bison ◽  
Exogenous Progesterone ◽  
Equine Chorionic Gonadotropin

Superovulation protocols are being developed in wood bison (Bison bison athabascae), a threatened Canadian species. In initial studies, 2 doses of FSH diluted in hyaluronan given 48 h apart were successful for inducing ovarian superstimulation in wood bison, and ovulation rate was improved by final treatment with hCG instead of LH (Palomino et al. 2012 Reprod. Fertil. Dev. 24, 226). In that study, exogenous progesterone had no effect on the number of ovulations, but embryo quality could not be evaluated because of the low number of embryos collected. In beef cattle, replacement of the final doses of FSH with eCG has resulted in the recovery of a greater number of ova/embryos. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the effect of exogenous progesterone (PRID) on embryo quality and to determine if the addition of eCG increases the ovulation rate in superstimulated wood bison. Follicular ablation was done to synchronize follicular wave emergence in 26 wood bison cows during the anovulatory season (May). Cows were assigned randomly to 3 groups: PRID/no eCG (n = 8), PRID/eCG (n = 9), and no PRID/eCG (n = 9). A PRID was inserted on the day of follicular ablation (Day –1) in respective groups. In all bison, FSH diluted in hyaluronan (5 mg mL–1, MAP-5, Bioniche Animal Health Inc., Belleville, Ontario, Canada) was given intramuscularly on Day 0 (300 mg) and Day 2 (100 mg). On Day 3, a single dose of 450 IU of eCG (Pregnecol, Bioniche Animal Health Inc.) was given intramuscularly and the PRID were removed in the corresponding groups. On Day 5, all bison were given 2500 IU of hCG (Chorulon, Merck, Whitehouse Station, NJ, USA) intramuscularly to induce ovulation. Bison were inseminated with chilled semen 12 and 24 h later. Nonsurgical embryo collection was performed on Day 14. Transrectal ultrasonography was done to record the ovarian response, ovulation rate, and number of corpora lutea (CL). Results were compared by ANOVA and Chi-squared test (Table 1). The number of ovulatory-sized follicles (≥9 mm) on Day 5 did not differ among groups. Ovulation rate was lowest in bison treated with both a PRID and eCG (P < 0.05). There were no differences among groups in the number of CL on Day 14, the number of ova/embryos collected, or the number of transferable embryos. The superovulatory response and embryo collection rate in the present study were higher than in any previous reports in bison. The ovulation rate was not improved by the addition of eCG treatment, and exogenous progesterone had no effect on embryo quality. Table 1.Response of superstimulated wood bison (mean ± SEM) to treatment with exogenous progesterone (PRID) and/or eCG

387 EFFECT OF NUMBER OF INSEMINATIONS ON EMBRYO PRODUCTION IN SUPERSTIMULATED NELORE (BOS INDICUS) COWS SUBJECTED TO FIXED-TIME ARTIFICIAL INSEMINATION

2007 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 309
Author(s):  
C. M. Martins ◽  
H. Ayres ◽  
J. R. S. Torres-Junior ◽  
A. H. Souza ◽  
G. A. Bó ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Animal Health ◽  
Bos Indicus ◽  
Fixed Time ◽  
Estradiol Benzoate ◽  
Ovulation Rate ◽  
Embryo Production ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Level Of Significance ◽  
Ovulatory Follicles

In embryo transfer programs, 2 inseminations per superstimulated donor are usually recommended. Based on studies of follicular dynamics in Bos indicus donors (Baruselli et al. 2006 Theriogenology 65, 77–88), we tested the hypothesis that a single fixed-time AI (FTAI) at 16 h after pituitary luteinizing hormone (pLH) treatment is as efficacious as 2 FTAI at 12 and 24 h after the pLH treatment. Suckling Nelore cows (n = 10), 60 � 12 days postpartum, were equally distributed in 2 experimental groups: G-1TAI vs. G-2TAI, in a crossover design. All animals received an intravaginal progesterone device (DIB; Syntex S.A., Buenos Aires, Argentina) and 2 mg of estradiol benzoate (IM, Ric Be; Syntex) at random stages of the estrous cycle (Day 0). Superstimulatory treatments started on Day 4 with pFSH (133 mg; Folltropin-V; Bioniche Animal Health Canada, Inc., Belleville, Ontario, Canada) in 8 decreasing doses, given IM 12 h apart. On Day 6, all cows received 2 (AM and PM) treatments of 0.15 mg of d-cloprostenol (Prolise; Syntex). The DIB devices were removed 36 h after the first PGF2� injection. The pLH treatment (25 mg IM; Lutropin-V; Bioniche) was given 48 h after the first PGF2� treatment (12 h after the last pFSH treatment). In the G-2TAI group, all cows received 2 inseminations (12 and 24 h after the pLH). Cows in the G-1TAI group received a single insemination (16 h after the pLH). All inseminations were done with the same batch of semen from a single bull. Ultrasound examinations (PIE Medical Scanner 200; Pie Medical Equipment, Maastricht, The Netherlands) were performed every 12 h from 0 to 72 h after pLH treatment to evaluate the number of ovulatory follicles (&lt;8 mm), the ovulation rate, and the time of ovulation. Variables were analyzed by ANOVA and chi-square test. The homogeneity of the variances (distribution of ovulations) was analyzed by Bartlett&apos;s test. Conclusions were based on a 5% level of significance. The results for G-1TAI and G-2TAI were, respectively: number of follicles &gt;8 mm at the time of pLH administration (16.2 � 1.4 vs. 14.8 � 1.2; P &gt; 0.05), ovulation rate (63.8 � 3.8% vs. 64.2 � 4.3%; P &gt; 0.05), interval from the first to the last ovulation (32.4 � 1.8 vs. 33.6 � 1.6 h; P &gt; 0.05), total ova/embryos (8.2 � 0.9 vs. 7.2 � 0.8; P &gt; 0.05), Grade 1 embryos (2.0 � 0.5 vs. 2.3 � 0.4; P &gt; 0.05), transferable embryos (Grades 1, 2, and 3) (4.3 � 0.7 vs. 4.2 � 0.6; P &gt; 0.05), freezable embryos (Grades 1 and 2) (2.9 � 0.6 vs. 2.8 � 0.4; P &gt; 0.05), unfertilized ova (0.6 � 0.2 vs. 0.8 � 0.2; P &gt; 0.05), and degenerated embryos (3.3 � 0.9 vs. 2.2 � 0.3; P &gt; 0.05). These results suggest no significant differences in embryo production between superstimulated Nelore donors inseminated once or twice by fixed time following administration of pLH. This work was supported by Tecnopec, Brazil.

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