139 NEW APPROACH FOR BOVINE EMBRYO RECOVERY

2009 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 169
Author(s):  
R. Dupras ◽  
Y. Chorfi
Keyword(s):  
Animal Health ◽  
Prostaglandin F2α ◽  
Bovine Embryo ◽  
Recovery Method ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Embryo Recovery ◽  
Stage Of Lactation ◽  
Modified Method ◽  
Pfizer Animal Health ◽  
Estradiol 17Β

The objective of this study was to evaluate the use of a second flush for bovine embryo recovery. A total of 319 clinically healthy Holstein cows (247 lactating, 53 dry, 19 nulliparous) with an average age of 5.5 ± 2.5 years were used for this experiment. Superovulation was performed according to a modified method of Baracaldo et al. (2000). On Day 0 (beginning of the experiment), each cow received 3 mg of estradiol-17β intramuscularly (i.m.) and a progesterone-releasing vaginal insert (1.9 g of progesterone, CIDR, Pfizer Animal Health, Kirkland, QC, Canada) at random stages of the estrous cycle. From Day 4 evening to Day 8 evening, the cows received a total of 380 mg of NIH-FSH-P1 (FolltropinV, Bioniche Animal Health) administered im through 9 injections of decreasing dose (from 70 to 20 mg) at 12-h intervals. On Day 7, the cows received 2 injections consisting of 500 μg of cloprostenol (prostaglandin F2α analogue Estrumate, Schering-Plough, Pointe-Claire, QC, Canada) given approximately 12 h apart and vaginal inserts were removed 12 h after the last injection. Artificial insemination was performed on Day 10 after treatment with 100 μg, GnRH im (Cystorelin, Merial Canada Inc, Baie d’Urfe, QC, Canada). Embryos were flushed from the uterus of donor cows 6 days after AI. The method consisted of using simultaneously 1 catheter (18Fr Silicone 2-way, Bioniche Animal Health) per uterine horn. Catheters were maintained in place to perform 2 flushes 1 h apart. A total of 1000 mL of flushing media (Complete flush, Bioniche Animal Health) were used, 700 mL and 300 mL for the first and the second flush, respectively. Embryos were assessed for viability immediately after collection using IETS classification. Data were analyzed using the SAS MIXED procedure (SAS Institue, Cary, NC). The mean (±SD) number of embryos collected at the first flushing was 5.87 ± 5.1, 0.92 ± 2.2 and 2.9 ± 4.4 for transferable, degenerate and unfertilized oocytes, respectively. The second flushing yielded 2.32 ± 2.6 transferable embryos, 0.28 ± 0.83 dead embryos and 1.2 ± 2.2 unfertilized oocytes. There was no significant effect of age, day in milk, or stage of lactation on transferable or degenerate embryos or nonfertilized oocytes in each flushing. The embryo recovery method used in this experiment could be used to recover more transferable embryos. The authors want to thank Dr Vincent Girard for his help in statistics.

298 COMPARISON OF THREE DIFFERENT PROTOCOLS FOR SUPERSTIMULATION OF DAIRY CATTLE

2009 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 246 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. G. Steel ◽  
J. F. Hasler
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cattle ◽  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Estrous Cycle ◽  
Embryo Transfer ◽  
Animal Health ◽  
Bovine Embryo ◽  
Transfer Program ◽  
Frozen Semen ◽  
Pfizer Animal Health ◽  
Estradiol 17Β

Traditionally, successful superstimulation of cattle depended on initiating injections of gonadotrophin at mid-cycle, approximately at second follicular wave emergence. This approach limited the convenience of scheduling donors for superstimulation. With the use of intravaginal progesterone-releasing devices and estradiol 17β, superstimulation can be initiated successfully at any time of the estrous cycle. However, because estradiol cannot be legally injected into cattle in an increasing number of countries, the efficacy of GnRH as an estradiol substitute was investigated. A retrospective analysis was performed on data collected in a commercial bovine embryo transfer program over a period of several years. All donors were lactating dairy cows at least two years of age; approximately 75% were comprised of Holstein and the remainder of Jersey, Guernsey, or Brown Swiss breeds. The three treatments employed were (1) Controls injected twice daily for 4 days with a total of 240 to 400 mg of porcine FSH (Folltropin-V, Bioniche Animal Health, Inc.) in decreasing doses starting between day 7 and day 14 of diestrus, with PG (Lutalyse, Pfizer Animal Health) given at the time of FSH injections no. 5 (35 mg) and 6 (25 mg); (2) Estradiol females received a CIDR (Pfizer Animal Health), 5.0 mg estradiol 17β and 100 mg progesterone in oil on random days of the estrous cycle; FSH was initiated 4 days later as described for controls with CIDR removal at the time of FSH injection no. 6; (3) GnRH females received a CIDR on random days of the estrous cycle and 100 μg GnRH on day 1.5 following CIDR insertion; FSH was initiated 60 h after GnRH injection as described for controls with CIDR removal at the time of FSH injection no. 6. All donors were inseminated with one straw of frozen semen 12 and 24 h after the onset of estrus. Embryos were nonsurgically recovered 7 to 8 days after onset of estrus. Only embryos of grades 1 to 3 (IETS classification) were included in the data. Data were analyzed by ANOVA and Tukey’s hsd test was used to distinguish significance among means as shown in Table 1. Estradiol females produced approximately 2 more ova/embryos per procedure than Control and GnRH groups and an average of 0.8 more embryos per female than did the Control group, but there was no difference compared to the GnRH group. Similar to what has been shown in other commercial embryo transfer data sets, nearly 25% of the donors in each group failed to produce at least one good embryo. Clearly, all three treatments resulted in efficacious superstimulation. In light of the legality issues surrounding the use of estradiol, this study shows that GnRH can be used quite successfully to superstimulate dairy cattle at random times of the estrous cycle. Table 1.Average numbers of ova and embryos recovered from dairy cows superstimulated with three different protocols We thank G.E. Seidel, Jr. and S.C. Purcell for assistance with statistical analysis.

293 SUBCUTANEOUS ADMINISTRATION OF FOLLICLE STIMULATING HORMONE FOR SUPEROVULATION OF HOLSTEIN COWS

2009 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 243 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. W. Farin ◽  
K. M. Dowdall ◽  
J. E. Hicks ◽  
C. E. Farin ◽  
C. S. Whisnant
Keyword(s):  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Animal Health ◽  
Follicle Stimulating Hormone ◽  
Subcutaneous Administration ◽  
Prostaglandin F2α ◽  
Wilcoxon Test ◽  
Holstein Cows ◽  
Embryo Recovery ◽  
Pfizer Animal Health ◽  
Stimulating Hormone

Follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) is usually administered in a series of intramuscular (IM) injections to induce multiple ovulations for embryo production in cattle and other species. The objective of this study was to determine the superovulatory response of dairy cows to subcutaneous (SC) administration of FSH using a reduced number of injections in combination with a progesterone-releasing device. Eighteen non-lactating Holstein cows initially received 25 mg Prostaglandin F2α IM (PGF; Lutalyse; Pfizer Animal Health, Groton, CT, USA) on Day –7. All cows then received an intravaginal progesterone-releasing device (CIDR-B, 1.38 mg progesterone; Pfizer Animal Health) on Day 0, and 100 μg GnRH IM (Cystorelin; Merial Ltd, USA) on Day 2. Cows were randomly assigned to receive a total of 400 mg (20 mL) of FSH (Folltropin-V; Bioniche Animal Health, USA) either by IM injection (IM Group, n = 9 cows) given at 12 h intervals on Days 4 (60 mg, 60 mg), 5 (55 mg, 55 mg), 6 (45 mg, 45 mg) and 7 (40 mg, 40 mg), or by SC injection (SC Group, n = 9 cows) given at 24 h intervals on Days 4 (140 mg), 5 (140 mg) and Day 6 (120 mg). On Day 7, CIDR-B inserts were removed and cows received two 25 mg PGF IM injections given 12 h apart. Cows were artificially inseminated at 12 and 24 h after standing estrus. Blood samples were obtained from all cows at 0, 2, 4, 8, 12, 24, 36, 48, 60, 72, and 84 h after the first FSH injection for determination of serum FSH concentrations. Ovarian follicles and CL were monitored using ultrasonography on Days 4, 7, and 16. Embryos were recovered non-surgically on Day 16 (7 days after estrus). The effects of treatment on follicular response and embryo yield were analyzed by Wilcoxon test, and the response of cows to treatment was analyzed by chi-square test. The effects of treatment on concentrations of serum FSH were analyzed using ANOVA for repeated measures. There was no effect (P > 0.05) of route of FSH administration on the concentrations of serum FSH at any time point. The superovulatory response of cows to treatment, defined as greater than 2 CL per cow, did not differ (P > 0.05) between the IM (77.8%, 7/9 cows) and SC (88.9%, 8/9 cows) Groups. There was also no difference (P > 0.05) between the IM and SC Groups for the number of 5 to 10 mm follicles prior to FSH treatment (mean ± SEM; 0.6 ± 0.2 v. 0.9 ± 0.4), the total number of follicles after FSH treatment (12.4 ± 1.6 v. 12.7 ± 2.2) or the number of CL at embryo recovery (6.4 ± 1.5 v. 10.4 ± 2.1). Similarly, there were no differences (P > 0.05) between the IM and SC Groups for total number of oocytes/embryos (5.6 ± 2.6 v. 13.0 ± 4.3), transferable embryos (Grade 1, 2, 3; 3.0 ± 1.4 v. 6.1 ± 2.9) or Grade 1 embryos (2.9 ± 1.4 v. 4.3 ± 2.5). In conclusion, administration of FSH using 3 SC injections in combination with a progesterone-releasing device was an effective method for superovulation of Holstein cows. Supported by USDA Animal Health Formula Funds and the State of North Carolina.

311 SUPEROVULATION OF NORTH AMERICAN BISON WITH TWO INJECTIONS OF FOLLICLE-STIMULATING HORMONE

2013 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 302
Author(s):  
J. P. Barfield ◽  
G. E. Seidel
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
North American ◽  
Animal Health ◽  
Reproductive Potential ◽  
Sodium Hyaluronate ◽  
Prostaglandin F2α ◽  
Embryo Recovery ◽  
Recovery Treatment ◽  
Pfizer Animal Health ◽  
Long Acting

Few studies have examined superovulation of North American Bison. In cattle, ovarian superstimulation is usually achieved with 6 to 8 injections of FSH at half-day intervals. However, handling bison repeatedly stresses the animals, which could adversely affect their reproductive potential, as well as pose a risk of injury to the bison and handlers. To limit the number of times the bison were handled, we tested a two-injection superovulation scheme using sodium hyaluronate (MAP-5, Bioniche Animal Health Inc., Belleville, Ontario, Canada) in the FSH diluent, which serves to slow the absorption of FSH when given IM. We hypothesised that the two-injection superstimulation protocol would result in recovery of more embryos on average than a single-embryo recovery protocol. Although a traditional superovulation scheme with 6 to 8 injections of FSH would have been a better comparison, our goal was to handle the bison minimally. Eight female bison ranging in age from 5 to 11 years were used as embryo donors. For superovulation, females with a corpus luteum (CL) were given 25 mg of prostaglandin F2α (PGF, Lutalyse, Pfizer Animal Health, New York, NY, USA) IM followed by 266 mg of FSH (Folltropin V in MAP-5 diluent, i.m., Bioniche Animal Health Inc.) 12 days later (or 9 days after presumed oestrus 3 days post-PGF). Forty-eight hours after the first FSH injection, 134 mg of FSH IM and 25 mg of PGF IM were given. Two days later females were put in a pen with a bison bull for natural breeding. Seven days after assumed oestrus, embryos were recovered nonsurgically. Although the situation is not clear in bison, there is evidence in cattle that superovulated cycles influence embryo collections in subsequent cycles. Consequently, females were randomly assigned to a superovulation or single-embryo recovery treatment for each cycle; however, consecutive superovulation protocols were never conducted without a short oestrous cycle in between. Superovulated females were given PGF at embryo recovery after superovulation, followed by PGF 12 to 14 days later, and bred off the assumed oestrus of the second PGF injection. Embryos were collected from females 4 times (2 superovulation and 2 single embryo cycles, except one bison that was superovulated once). Data were analysed using a one-tailed t-test. Superovulation resulted in greater mean numbers of palpable CL (3.7; P < 0.001), embryos collected (1.8; P < 0.05), and transferable quality embryos (0.8; P < 0.05) compared with the single-embryo recovery protocol (mean palpable CL, 1.0; embryos collected, 0.5; transferable embryos, 0.2). Notably, the bison breeding season is July to September and occasionally animals breed in October; this experiment was conducted in October and November. Thirteen transferable embryos were nonsurgically transferred to recipients; 6 pregnancies were established, but 5 were resorbing by 2 months of gestation; 1 healthy calf was carried to term. Two injections of FSH with a long-acting diluent can be used to increase the number of embryos recovered from bison compared with a single-embryo recovery scheme.

162 FERTILITY OF BEEF RECIPIENTS FOLLOWING A FIXED-TIME EMBRYO TRANSFER PROTOCOL WHICH INCLUDED FOLLICLE STIMULATING HORMONE DILUTED IN HYALURONAN

2013 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 229
Author(s):  
J. W. Thorne ◽  
C. R. Looney ◽  
J. F. Hasler ◽  
D. K. Hockley ◽  
D. W. Forrest
Keyword(s):  
Corpus Luteum ◽  
Pregnancy Rate ◽  
Embryo Transfer ◽  
Transfer Rate ◽  
Animal Health ◽  
Fixed Time ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Pfizer Animal Health ◽  
And Control ◽  
Estradiol 17Β

This study was performed to test the viability of administering Folltropin-V® (FSH, Bioniche Animal Health) diluted in hyaluronan (MAP-5 50 mg, sodium hyaluronate, Bioniche Animal Health) to beef cows enrolled in a recipient synchronization protocol to evaluate its effect on recipient fertility. All recipients were administered an estradiol 17β (2.5 mg, IM) and progesterone (50 mg, IM) combination injection on Day 0, a CIDR® (progesterone 1.34 g, Pfizer Animal Health, Groton, CT, USA) was inserted for 7 days. Lutalyse® (dinoprost tromethamine, Pfizer Animal Health, 25 mg, IM) was administered at the time of CIDR removal on Day 7, and estradiol 17β (1 mg, IM) was administered on Day 8. On Day 16, the presence of at least one corpus luteum, detected via ultrasound, resulted in the recipient receiving an embryo (both fresh and frozen–thawed embryos were used). Embryos were not transferred into cows that did not show ultrasonic evidence of a CL. Dependent variables for which data were collected included circulating progesterone levels at the time of transfer and CL diameter, area, and circumference; measured in millimeters. The total study (n = 274) consisted of both wet (n = 85) and dry (n = 189) cows and included both Bos indicus (Brahman-influenced) crossbred (n = 93) and Bos taurus (Angus-based) cows (n = 181). The experiment consisted of cows being placed in either the treated or control groups, with treated cows receiving a single 40 mg (1 mL) IM injection of Folltropin-V in hyaluronan on Day 5 and control cows receiving no additional injections. Results are shown in Table 1. Transfer rate, conception rate, and pregnancy rate were tested for significance with chi-square analysis and remaining statistics were analyzed with a t-test: two-sample assuming equal variances. There were no significant differences found between the treated and control groups for transfer rate, conception rate, or pregnancy rate. Corpus luteum diameter was shown to be larger in control cows (P < 0.05); however, CL area and circumference did not differ significantly. Folltropin-V given with hyaluronan at a 40-mg dose on Day 5 did not improve fertility, induce a larger CL, or increase circulating progesterone levels in synchronized beef recipients as hypothesized. Further work is needed with Folltropin-V in hyaluronan to determine if an alternative dose or timing of administration would be more appropriate for improving fertility in recipients. Table 1.Fertility data in beef recipients following synchronization for fixed-time embryo transfer with a protocol that included (Treated) or did not include (Control) FSH in hyaluronan

173 ESTRADIOL-17β CONCENTRATIONS IN BLOOD AND MILK DURING SUPEROVULATORY TREATMENT IN DAIRY COWS

2010 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 245
Author(s):  
R. Dupras ◽  
J. Dupras ◽  
Y. Chorfi
Keyword(s):  
Los Angeles ◽  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Artificial Insemination ◽  
Animal Health ◽  
Follicular Wave ◽  
Milk Samples ◽  
Pfizer Animal Health ◽  
Estradiol 17Β

In cows, estradiol-17β is usually used to synchronize follicular wave emergence during superovulatory treatment. This approach, however, raises some concerns about the presence of estrogens in bovine products and their possible association with some human estrogen-sensitive cancers. The objective of this study was to determine estradiol-17β concentrations in blood and milk of dairy cows after i.m. injection of estradiol-17β and to compare these concentrations to those obtained during standard superovulation protocols. Six cows were used for this experiment. On Day 0, corresponding to Day 7 of their ensuing cycle, cows received 4.5 mg of estradiol-17β (Gentes et Bolduc, St-Hyacinthe, Québec, Canada) via i.m. injection and a progesterone-releasing vaginal insert (1.9 g of progesterone, CIDR, Pfizer Animal Health, Kirkland, Québec, Canada). Blood and milk samples were taken at 0, 24, 48, and 72 h after injection. From Day 4 evening to Day 8 evening, the cows received a total of 380 mg of NIH-FSH-P1 (Folltropin-V, Bioniche Animal Health, Belleville, Ontario, Canada) administered i.m. through 9 injections of decreasing dose (from 70 to 20 mg) at 12-h intervals. On Day 7, the cows received 2 injections consisting of 500 μg of cloprostenol (prostaglandin F2 α analogue, Estrumate, Shering-Plough, Pointe-Claire, Québec, Canada) given approximately 12 h apart and vaginal inserts were removed 12 h after the last injection. Artificial insemination was performed on Day 9 and 10 after treatment with 100 μg of GnRH i.m. (Cystorelin, Merial Canada Inc., Baie Urfe, Québec, Canada). A second batch of blood and milk samples was taken at Day 8, 9, 10, and 11. Measurement of estradiol-17β was performed with an IMMULITE chemiluminescent counter using an IMMULITE Estradiol Kit (Siemens Diagnostic Products Corporation, Los Angeles, CA, USA). Concentrations of estradiol-17β in blood (37.1 ± 15.6 pg mL-1 at 24 h, 19.1 ± 14.2 pg mL-1 at 48 h) and milk (38.4 ± 29.5 pg mL-1 at 24 h, 9.3 ± 4.9 pg mL-1 at 48 h) were significantly higher after i.m. injection of 4.5 mg of estradiol-17β. In comparison, superovulation heat (Day 9 to 11) increased estradiol-17β concentrations in blood (20 ± 13.6 pg mL-1 at 24 h, 32.5 ± 16.3 pg mL-1 at 48 h) but not in milk.

scholarly journals Effects of coated and noncoated steroidal implants on growth performance, carcass characteristics, and serum estradiol-17β concentrations of finishing Holstein steers

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Pedro H V Carvalho ◽  
Mariana F Westphalen ◽  
Jonathan A Campbell ◽  
Tara L Felix
Keyword(s):  
Growth Performance ◽  
Animal Health ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Carcass Characteristics ◽  
Feed Ratio ◽  
Serum Estradiol ◽  
Trenbolone Acetate ◽  
Coated Implant ◽  
Daily Gain ◽  
Estradiol 17Β

Abstract The objectives of the study were to determine the effect of coated or noncoated hormone implants on growth performance, carcass characteristics, and serum estradiol-17β (E2) concentrations of Holstein steers fed a grain-based diet for 112 d. Seventy-nine Holstein steers [average initial body weight (BW) = 452 ± 5.5 kg] were stratified by BW and allotted to one of two treatments: 1) Holstein steers implanted with a coated implant containing 200 mg of trenbolone acetate (TBA) and 40 mg E2 (Revalor-XS (Merck Animal Health; Summit, NJ)] on day 0 (XS) or 2) Holstein steers implanted two times (days 0 and 56) with a noncoated implant containing 80 mg of TBA and 16 mg of E2 [(2IS) Revalor-IS (Merck Animal Health)]. Data were analyzed using the MIXED procedure of SAS (SAS Inst. Inc., Cary, NC). There was no effect (P ≥ 0.71) of implant strategy on initial, middle, and final BW. No effect (P ≥ 0.12) of implant strategy was observed on average daily gain, dry matter intake, or gain-to-feed ratio. There were no effects (P ≥ 0.11) of implant strategy on carcass characteristics. There was an implant × day interaction (P &lt; 0.01) for the circulation of serum E2 concentrations. Serum E2 concentration increased similarly 14 d after Holstein steers were implanted, regardless of implant strategy. At 28 d, after steers were implanted, steers in the XS group had less serum E2 concentration than Holstein steers in the 2IS group. However, at 56 d after the first implantation, both groups, once again, had similar serum E2 concentrations and E2 concentrations were less on day 56 than day 28 for both strategies. Holstein steers implanted with 2IS had greater serum E2 concentration on day 70 and E2 concentrations remained greater than serum E2 of Holstein steers implanted XS for the duration of the trial (day 112). In summary, there was no effect of coated or two doses of noncoated implant on growth performance or carcass characteristics of Holstein steers.

scholarly journals Effects of steroidal implants on feedlot performance, carcass characteristics, and serum and meat estradiol-17β concentrations of Holstein steers

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 206-213 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pedro Henrique Vilela Carvalho ◽  
George A Perry ◽  
Tara L Felix
Keyword(s):  
Feed Efficiency ◽  
Animal Health ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Carcass Characteristics ◽  
Feed Ratio ◽  
Longissimus Muscle ◽  
Feedlot Performance ◽  
Trenbolone Acetate ◽  
Daily Gain ◽  
Estradiol 17Β

Abstract The objectives of the study were to determine the effect of steroidal implants on growth performance, carcass characteristics, and estradiol-17β (E2) concentrations in the blood and longissimus muscle of Holstein steers fed a grain-based diet. Seventy Holstein steers (average initial BW = 275 ± 6.4 kg, 10 to 12 mo of age) were assigned to treatments: (i) implanted with 80 mg of trenbolone acetate (TBA) and 16 mg of E2 (Component TE-IS with Tylan; Elanco Animal Health, Greenfield, IN) at the start of the trial (day 0), and reimplanted with 120 mg of TBA and 24 mg of E2 (Component TE-S with Tylan; Elanco Animal Health) on day 84 of the experiment; or (ii) no implant. Implanted Holstein steers were heavier (P ≤ 0.01) than nonimplanted Holstein steers in the middle (day 84) and at the end of the experiment (day 186). Implanting Holstein steers increased (P &lt; 0.01) average daily gain (ADG) and dry matter intake (DMI) without affecting gain-to-feed ratio compared with nonimplanted animals. Carcasses from implanted Holstein steers had greater (P &lt; 0.01) hot carcass weight (HCW) and longissimus muscle (LM) area than carcasses from nonimplanted steers. Implanting did not affect (P ≥ 0.21) other carcass characteristics. There was an increase (P = 0.03) of 1.3 pg of E2/g of muscle in implanted Holstein steers compared with that from nonimplanted Holstein steers. There was an implant × day interaction (P &lt; 0.01) in serum E2 concentrations. Serum E2 concentrations were not altered in nonimplanted Holstein steers, whereas E2 concentration increased (P &lt; 0.01) after steers were implanted, regardless of implant characteristics. Serum E2 peaked at 28 days after the first implant and then rapidly declined after day 56. In summary, steroidal implants administered on days 0 and 84 increased DMI, ADG, HCW, and LM area in Holstein steers compared with nonimplanted steers due to increased serum E2 concentrations. However, these changes did not improve feed efficiency or other carcass characteristics.

scholarly journals Effects of a single initial and delayed release implant on arrival compared with a non-coated initial implant and a non-coated terminal implant in heifers fed across various days on feed

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 1182-1193 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zachary K Smith ◽  
Ben P Holland ◽  
Alyssa B Word ◽  
Grant I Crawford ◽  
Wade N Nichols ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Performance ◽  
Animal Health ◽  
Feed Ratio ◽  
United States Department ◽  
Initial Body Weight ◽  
Department Of Agriculture ◽  
Live Animal ◽  
Trenbolone Acetate ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Estradiol 17Β

Abstract Two experiments evaluated the effect of implant number, type, and total steroidal dose on live animal performance and carcass traits in heifers fed for three different days on feed (DOF). In experiment 1, heifers (n = 3,780; 70 heifers/pen and 9 pens/treatment; initial body weight [BW] = 309 kg) were used in a 2 × 3 factorial arrangement of treatments. Factors were as follows: 1) implant (all from Merck Animal Health, De Soto, KS): 200 mg trenbolone acetate (TBA) and 20 mg estradiol-17β (E2) administered on arrival (SINGLE), or 80 mg TBA and 8 mg E2 administered on arrival followed by 200 mg TBA and 20 mg E2 after approximately 90 d (REPEATED) and 2) duration of DOF: harvested after approximately 172, 193, and 214. In experiment 2, heifers (n = 3,719; 65 to 70 heifers/pen and 9 pens/treatment; initial BW = 337 kg) were used with the same factors as experiment 1, except DOF were 150, 171, and 192. No implant × DOF interaction (P ≥ 0.06) was noted for any performance parameters in either experiment. Heifers administered REPEATED had improved (P ≤ 0.05) live gain to feed ratio (G:F) and carcass-adjusted G:F and tended (P = 0.09) to have greater hot carcass weight (HCW) in experiment 1. Increasing DOF resulted in greater (P ≤ 0.01) live and carcass-adjusted final BW and decreased (P = 0.01) live ADG in experiment 1. As DOF increased, HCW, HCW gain, and dressing% (P ≤ 0.01) increased in experiment 1. The mean carcass transfer was 79.6% across the 42 d terminal window in experiment 1. In experiment 2, REPEATED had improved (P = 0.03) carcass-adjusted G:F compared with SINGLE, but HCW was not different (P = 0.36) between treatments. Increased DOF resulted in greater (P ≤ 0.01) final live and carcass-adjusted BW, decreased (P ≤ 0.01) live and carcass-adjusted ADG, and poorer (P ≤ 0.01) live and carcass-adjusted G:F in experiment 2. In experiment 2, dressing percentage was greater (P = 0.02) in REPEATED compared with SINGLE. Heifers given SINGLE had greater (P = 0.01) back fat and estimated empty body fat (EBF), whereas REPEATED had fewer (P = 0.01) Yield Grade 4 carcasses and greater (P = 0.01) longissimus muscle (LM) area. Increased DOF resulted in greater (P ≤ 0.04) HCW, HCW gain, dressing%, back fat, LM area, marbling, EBF%, and United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) Prime-grading carcasses, Yield Grade 4 and 5, and over 454-kg carcasses in experiment 2. Carcass ADG and carcass transfer indicate a 0.70 kg carcass ADG between 150 and 192 DOF, resulting in an average carcass transfer of 72.2% in experiment 2. Although feedlot growth performance and HCW did not differ between the implant regimens tested, increasing DOF resulted in decreased live growth performance while increasing the proportion of USDA prime carcasses and HCW.

scholarly journals Pregnancy rate in indigenous ewes by direct transfer of vitrified embryos

2018 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-33 ◽  
Author(s):  
S Ghosh ◽  
MRI Talukder ◽  
PK Jha ◽  
MGS Alam ◽  
NS Juyena ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pregnancy Rate ◽  
Standard Procedure ◽  
Prostaglandin F2α ◽  
Corpora Lutea ◽  
Abdominal Ultrasonography ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Embryo Recovery ◽  
Embryo Yield ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Grade 3

The effects of PMSG on superovulation, quality of embryos, and pregnancy rate were studied following transfer of vitrified embryos into indigenous ewes. Three donor and nine recipient ewes were synchronized using two intramuscular doses of Cloprostenol (PGF2α) equivalent to 125 μg Prostaglandin F2α (Ovoprost® Bayer, New Zealand) at an interval of nine days. To ensure ovulation donor and recipient ewes were treated with 600 iu and 250 iu Pregnant Mare Serum Gonadotrophin (PMSG; Folligon®, Intervet, Boxmeer, The Netherlands) at the time of 2nd injection of Prostaglandin F2α. All donor ewes were mated by fertile rams. Embryos were collected from donor ewes on day six after mating by inguinal laparotomy. Grade 1 embryos were vitrified using standard procedure. After thawing the embryos were transferred into the exteriorized uterine horn of the recipient by inguinal laparotomy. Pregnancy diagnosis was performed by trans-abdominal ultrasonography on Day 40 of transfer. Oestrus occurred 31.3 ± 8.1 hours after second injection of prostaglandin and 32.6 ± 8.7 hours in recipients. Oestrus lasted 24.7 ± 9.9 hours in donors and 32.8 ± 12.8 hours in recipients. The mean numbers of corpora lutea and embryos of donor ewes were 11.7 ± 4.0 and 8 ± 2.6, respectively. Total embryo recovery rate of donor ewes was 68.6%. The mean values of qualities of embryo yield of donor ewes were 6 ± 1.7 grade 1, 0.3 ± 0.6 grade 2, 1.3 ± 1.2 grade 3, and 0.3 ± 0.6 grade 4. Twenty embryos were vitrified, 16 embryos were transferred and four recipient ewes were found pregnant. The pregnancy rate of recipient ewes was 44.4%.Bangl. vet. 2017. Vol. 34, No. 1, 27-33

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