10 EFFECTS OF INSEMINATION TIME, BREED, AND INSEMINATOR ON FERTILITY OF EWES INTRAUTERINALLY INSEMINATED WITH FROZEN - THAWED SEMEN IMPORTED FROM NEW ZEALAND

2007 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 123 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. Fukui ◽  
H. Kohno ◽  
T. Togari ◽  
T. Matsuoka ◽  
H. Imai
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Intrauterine Insemination ◽  
Fixed Time ◽  
Transfer Program ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Frozen Semen ◽  
Embryo Transfer Program ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Equine Chorionic Gonadotropin ◽  
Lambing Rate

Artificial insemination, especially with the use of frozen semen, is one of the important tools for embryo transfer program in sheep. The present study investigated the effects of insemination times, breeds, and two inseminators on the fertility of ewes intrauterinally inseminated with frozen–thawed ram semen imported from New Zealand. At 8 sheep farms located in Hokkaido, Japan, during the breeding season (October to December) in 2005, a total of 64 mature (1- to 6-year old) Suffolk (32 heads) and Polled Dorset (32 heads) ewes were used. The ewes were treated with controlled intravaginal drug release (CIDR containing 0.3 g progesterone; Pharmacia & Upjohn, Ltd., Auckland, New Zealand) for 12 days and an injection of 500 IU equine chorionic gonadotropin one day before CIDR removal. The fixed-time intrauterine inseminations (early: 43–46 h; late: 47–50 h) after CIDR removal were performed using the frozen–thawed semen from a Suffolk and Polled Dorset ram by two inseminators. The effects of breeds (Suffolk and Polled Dorset), fixed-time insemination times (early and late phases), and two inseminators on pregnancy (number of pregnant ewes/number of ewes inseminated, 60 days after insemination) and lambing (number of lambed ewes/number of ewes inseminated) rates were analyzed by chi-square test. The prolificacy was compared by Student's t-test, and differences were also analyzed by Tukey's omega procedure. The effect of the different farms on fertility was not examined due to the small numbers of ewes per farm. Pregnancy (60.0 and 72.4%, respectively) and lambing (60.0 and 71.4%, respectively) rates were not significantly different between Suffolk and Polled Dorset ewes. The inseminators also did not affect pregnancy (62.6 and 68.8%) and lambing (62.6 and 67.7%) rates. For the insemination times, the lambing rate tended to be higher (P ≤ 0.10) in the early insemination than in the late insemination (76.7% and 53.6%, respectively). The present results show acceptable fertility in ewes inseminated with Suffolk and Polled Dorset frozen semen imported from New Zealand. The early intrauterine insemination (43–46 h after CIDR removal) tended to result in higher fertility than the late insemination (47–50 h after CIDR removal). From 38 lambed ewes, 60 newborn lambs were produced, and this has provided new blood lines of Suffolk and Polled Dorset sheep in Japan.

9 SINGLE FIXED-TIME LAPAROSCOPIC INTRAUTERINE INSEMINATION IN PIGS TO PRODUCE LOW-DIVERSE EMBRYOS

2013 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 152
Author(s):  
K.-P. Brüssow ◽  
H. Torner ◽  
J. Rátky
Keyword(s):  
Intrauterine Insemination ◽  
Fixed Time ◽  
Uterine Wall ◽  
Sperm Cells ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cell Stage ◽  
Stage Of Development ◽  
Sperm Migration ◽  
Chi Square Test

In vivo-derived embryos at a defined stage of development are often a necessary requirement for ongoing biotechnological applications. Because double fixed-time insemination after ovulation induction is commonly used in pigs to produce embryos, variations in the time of ovulation and fertilization of the ovulated oocytes by spermatozoa mainly of 1 of the 2 inseminations can cause, however, diversities in embryo development. To moderate embryo diversity and to realize a uniform outcome of porcine embryo stages, single laparoscopic fixed-time insemination can be used to minimize embryo diversity. The potential of laparoscopic intrauterine insemination (LIUI) has been demonstrated in sperm-mediated gene transfer (Fantinati et al. 2005) and evaluation of sperm migration (Brüssow et al. 2006, 2011). The aim of the present study was to analyze the development and possible diversity of embryos after LIUI. Forty-eight puberal German Landrace gilts were included in the study. Estrus of gilts was synchronized by 15-day Regu-Mate® (Intervet, Millsboro, DE, USA) feeding and follicle development was stimulated with 850 IU of eCG 24 h after Regu-Mate® treatment. Ovulation was induced by 500 IU of hCG 80 h after eCG treatment. The LIUI was performed 31 h after hCG treatment. To that, ketamine/azaperone-anaesthetized gilts were fixed in a dorsal position, a pneumoperitoneum was produced and 3 trocar cannulas were inserted into the abdomen for optics and instruments. Laparoscopic handling was observed on a television monitor. Each uterine horn was carefully fixed with an atraumatic forceps 10 to 15 cm caudal from the utero-tubal junction and the uterine wall was punctured with a 2.5-mm diameter trocar. A 2.2-mm catheter connected to a syringe was inserted about 3 cm into the uterine lumen and 20 mL of extended, fresh boar semen (32.2 × 106 sperm cells mL–1; 65% motility) was deposited in the lumen. Embryos were surgically flushed from the genital tract on Day 2 and 3, respectively. Altogether, 778 oocytes were recovered (recovery rate 68 ± 17%); 45 of 48 gilts (93.8%) revealed fertilization and 76.1% of the recovered embryos (n = 592) were at the 2- and 4-cell stage. On Day 2 (n = 22 gilts), a higher percentage of gilts displayed only 2-cell embryos compared with both 2- and 4-cell, and only 4-cell embryos (72.2 v. 22.7 and 4.6%, P < 0.05; chi-square test). On Day 3 (n = 23 gilts), there was a shift regarding the embryo stage. The proportion of gilts with 2-cell, 2- and 4-cell, and only 4-cell embryos was 4.3, 0, and 95.7%, respectively (P < 0.05). Results of the present study demonstrate high rates of fertilization and of non-diverse developed embryos after single fixed-time LIUI in gilts. Additionally, these results were achieved after inseminating a 75% lower number of sperm cells per insemination dose. Laparoscopic intrauterine insemination can be suggested as an alternative for insemination of sex-sorted semen where the number of available sperm cells after the sorting procedure is restricted.

scholarly journals 19 LOW-DOSE DEEP INTRAUTERINE INSEMINATION IN SOWS UNDER CONDITIONS: INCIDENCE OF UNILATERAL FERTILIZATIONS

2005 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 159 ◽  
Author(s):  
E.A. Martinez ◽  
J.M. Vazquez ◽  
I. Parrilla ◽  
C. Cuello ◽  
M.A. Gil ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Insemination ◽  
Rate Ratio ◽  
Low Dose ◽  
Intrauterine Insemination ◽  
Fertilization Rate ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Fold Reduction ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Chi Squared ◽  
Chi Square Test

A new procedure for nonsurgical deep intrauterine insemination (DUI) in non-sedated sows has recently been reported (Martinez et al. 2002 Reproduction 123, 163–170). In comparison to traditional artificial insemination (AI), using this procedure, a 20-fold reduction in the number of spermatozoa inseminated can be used without a decrease in fertility when hormonally treated post-weaning estrous sows are used. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effectiveness of DUI under field conditions. In Experiment 1, crossbred sows (2–6 parity) were weaned at 20.75 ± 0.06 days. Estrous detection was performed once per day, beginning 3 days after weaning. Sows with a weaning to estrus interval of 4–5 days were selected to be inseminated. A total of 190 sows were inseminated at 12, 24, and 36 h after onset of estrus using one of the following two regimes: (1) DUI with 150 × 106 fresh spermatozoa in 5 mL of BTS (n = 95) and (2) Traditional AI with 3 × 109 fresh spermatozoa in 100 mL of BTS (n = 95) prepared from the same semen samples used for the DUI group. Farrowing rates (FR) and litter sizes (LTS; mean ± SEM) from both groups were compared using chi-squared test and ANOVA, respectively. There was no significant difference in the FR between groups (83.2 and 86.3% for DUI and AI groups, respectively). However, a decrease (P < 0.001) in the LTS was observed in sows inseminated by the DUI procedure (9.8 ± 0.29 and 10.9 ± 0.17, respectively). In Experiment 2, seventy one natural post-weaning estrus sows were used. Fifty-five sows were DUI inseminated three times with 150 (n = 17), 300 (n = 19), or 600 (n = 19) × 106 spermatozoa in 5, 10, or 20 mL of BTS, respectively. The remaining sows (n = 16) were traditionally inseminated. On Day 6 after estrus, sows were subjected to laparotomy and the tips of both uterine horns were flushed in order to evaluate pregnancy rate (PR: percentage of sows with at least 4 viable embryos) and fertilization rate (ratio of viable embryos to the total number of embryos and oocytes). PR was similar in all the groups, ranging from 84.2% (DUI 300 × 106 spermatozoa group) to 94.7% (DUI 600 × 106 spermatozoa group). Fertilization rate and the percentage of bilateral fertilization after DUI with 600 × 106 spermatozoa did not differ from those of the AI group (97.8 and 100% vs. 98.4 and 100%, respectively), but a significant decrease in both parameters (P < 0.05; chi-square test) was observed in sows inseminated with 300 (94.3 and 87.5%) or 150 (84.4 and 66.7%) × 106 spermatozoa. In conclusion, DUI with 150 × 106 spermatozoa offers similar FR but a lower LTS in sows with natural estrus in comparison with those parameters obtained when traditional AI is used. The lower litter size could be related to the low percentage of bilateral fertilization observed in that group. This work was supported by CDTI 020003.

151 EFFECT OF RECIPIENT CATEGORY ON PREGNANCY RATES ON A BOVINE EMBRYO TRANSFER PROGRAM IN PATAGONIA, ARGENTINA

2008 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 155
Author(s):  
J. Villarreal ◽  
A. Garcia Guerra ◽  
G. M. Brogliatti
Keyword(s):  
Embryo Transfer ◽  
Pregnancy Rates ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Bovine Embryo ◽  
Transfer Program ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Lactating Cows ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Embryo Transfer Program ◽  
Condition Score

The fertility of the recipient is one of the more important factors conditioning the success of an embryo transfer (ET) program. Selection and management of recipients is a very important contributing factor to achieve high pregnancy rates (Stroud and Hasler 2006 Theriogenology 65, 65–76). From a reproductive point of view, a good recipient is a cow capable of receiving an embryo and taking it to term (Palma et al. 2001 Biotecnologia de la reproduccion, INTA). In beef and dairy cattle, recipients are categorized according to number of births, age, and condition score (Stroud and Hasler 2006). A retrospective analysis was done to confirm a relationship between recipient category, based on their physiologic and reproductive stage, and pregnancy rates. The analysis was done during January and February (2006–2007) based on data recovered from an embryo transfer program done in Chubut province (Patagonia) for the project ‘Polo Genetico Angus’ (Angus Association – Chubut government agreement). Two hundred and seven morulas and/or blastocysts, quality 1 or 2 frozen in 1.5 m ethylene glycol (IETS manual), were transferred randomly in 10 different farms. Embryos were thawed for 10 s at room temperature and 30 s in a water bath at 35°C and transferred by one single technician. Angus, Hereford, or its breeds were used as recipients. A reproductive exam was performed before embryo transfer and, based on it, recipients were classified into 4 categories: heifer (3–4 years old), lactating cow, weaned cow, and dry old cow (Table 1). The synchronization protocol used for recipients consisted of a single administration of D-cloprostenol and heat detection twice a day for 5 days. Data were analyzed by Cochran-Mantel-Haenszel test (chi-square). Results are shown in Table 1. There is a significant difference (P ≤ 0.05) in pregnancy rates among categories. Recipients with higher pregnancy rates were lactating cows and weaned cows 61.6% and 56.9%, respectively, compared to heifers, 45.3%; a lower pregnancy rate was founded in the dry old cows group. Dry cows were animals that failed to get pregnant during the last season. Heifers also were animals that failed the artificial insemination program. In both groups, the reduced fertility may explain their lower pregnancy rates. In conclusion, selection toward fertility of recipients is a very important factor to take into account to design a successful embryo transfer program. Table 1. Pregnancy rates for recipient categories in an ET program in Chubut (Patagonia), Argentina This research was supported by Centro Genetico Bovino Eolia.

scholarly journals 181COMPARISON OF THE PREGNANCY RATES AFTER SYNCHRONIZATION OF OVULATION USING GnRH AND PGF2± IN RECIPIENT DAIRY CATTLE

2004 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 212 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Nishisouzu ◽  
M. Sugawara ◽  
S. Aoki ◽  
K. Kishida ◽  
M. Moriyoshi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cattle ◽  
Pregnancy Rate ◽  
Embryo Transfer ◽  
Fixed Time ◽  
Pregnancy Rates ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Corpora Lutea ◽  
Transfer Program ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Follicle Diameter

Treatments with GnRH and PGF2α for synchronization of ovulation has resulted in acceptable pregnancy rates after fixed-time artificial insemination in dairy cows without estrus detection. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the practicability of ovulation synchronization (Ovsynch, Pursley JR et al. 1995 Theriogenology 44, 915–923) in dairy cattle using GnRH and PGF2α for the embryo transfer recipients. Dairy cattle (cows; n=100, heifers; n=88) were randomly allocated to one of two groups. The control group (cows; n=45, heifers; n=37) was composed of cows in natural estrus. The ovulation synchronization group (cows; n=55, heifers; n=51) was treated with an intramuscular injection of 100μg of GnRH at a random stage of the estrous cycle. Seven days later, the cattle received PGF2α (Cows; 25–30mg) or PGF2α analog (Heifers; 0.5mg) in order to regress the corpora lutea (CL). Forty-eight hours later, cows and heifers received a second injection of 100μg GnRH. Embryo transfer was carried out 7 days after the second injection of GnRH in the ovsynch group and 7 days after estrus in the control group. The cattle judged to have CL 17mm were classified as acceptable recipients. The size of the follicles and the CL were determined to be of estrus stage and embryo transfer by means of ultrasonography. The mean numbers of follicles and CL were analyzed by ANOVA, while pregnancy rates were analyzed by chi-square test. The results are presented in the Table. The proportion of cows and heifers determined to be acceptable embryo transfers was not different between the control group and the ovsynch group. There were no differences in the proportion of acceptable embryo transfers between the control group and the ovsynch group. Follicle diameter at the time of estrus in the control group (cows; 20.7±0.7mm, heifers; 16.8±0.5mm) were significantly larger than that of the ovsynch group (cows; 18.0±1.0mm, heifers; 14.7±0.2mm) (P&lt;0.05). Although CL diameter at the time of embryo transfer in heifers showed no differences between the control group and the ovsynch group (25.0±1.0mm v. 22.8±1.5mm), The CL diameter of the control cow group was larger than that of the ovsynch group (29.8±0.7mm v. 26.1±1.0mm, P&lt;0.05). However, no differences in pregnancy rate were seen between the control group and the ovsynch group. These results suggest that ovsynch can be effectively applied in an embryo transfer program for cattle. Table 1 Proportion of acceptable embryo transfer recipients and pregnancy rate in dairy cattle in the control ovsynch groups

scholarly journals The effect of topical endometrial scratching on pregnancy outcome in women with previous failure of intrauterine insemination: A non-randomized clinical trial

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Farahnaz Farzaneh ◽  
Farzaneh Khastehfekr
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trial ◽  
Randomized Clinical Trial ◽  
Intrauterine Insemination ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Case Group ◽  
Male Factor ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Endometrial Scratching ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Endometrial Scratch

Background: The prevalence of infertility is increasing worldwide and the treatment is one of the important issues. Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the effect of local endometrial scratching on pregnancy outcomes in women with previous failure of intrauterine insemination. Materials and Methods: This non-randomized clinical trial study was performed on 336 women referred to the infertility clinic of Ali ebn-e Abitaleb Hospital of Zahedan (between May and November 2019). Women were divided into two groups: endometrial scratch as case and a control group. In the case group (n = 173), endometrial scratching was performed on days 8–9 of the menstrual cycle in addition to routine infertility treatments, while in the control group (n = 163), only routine treatment was performed. Chi-square test was used to compare the frequency of male factor severity and the percentage of successful pregnancies between both groups and was used to investigate the effect of male factor on the fertility rate in each group (moderate male factor and mild male factor). Results: The mean age of the women was 28.4 ± 5.2 yr. The success rate of pregnancy in the case group was 12.3% and in the control group 11%, which were not statistically significant (p = 0.697). Conclusion: Overall, the results of this study showed that endometrial scratching had no effect on the pregnancy rate. Key words: Infertility, Endometrial, Scratch, Insemination.

scholarly journals Gestational losses after innovating with two embryos in a fixed-time embryo transfer program

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (10) ◽  
Author(s):  
Carla Neves Barbosa ◽  
Felipe De Col ◽  
Juan Carlos Domínguez Fernández de Tejerina ◽  
Rodolfo Cassimiro de Araujo Berber
Keyword(s):  
Embryo Transfer ◽  
Birth Rate ◽  
Considerable Increase ◽  
Hormonal Treatment ◽  
Fixed Time ◽  
Estradiol Benzoate ◽  
Corpora Lutea ◽  
Transfer Program ◽  
Embryo Transfer Program ◽  
Group 1

The aim of this study was to quantify the pregnancy rate after implantation of two embryos after FTET protocols, as well as to monitor pregnancy losses until parturition, evaluating, mainly, if this strategy results in more number of animals born. Therefore, 423 multiparous recipients were selected, standardized in terms of body score, who had high-quality corpora lutea. Animals were randomly divided into two groups according to one or two embryos transferred (1 embryo = Control, n = 237; 2 embryos = Group 1, n = 186). All recipients received the same hormonal treatment, which consisted of administering, on Day 0, 2 mL of estradiol benzoate (Gonadiol, ZOETIS) + 1.9 g multidose 1st use progesterone implant (CIDR, ZOETIS); on Day 8 the implants were removed + injected 0.4 mL of estradiol cypionate (E.C.P, ZOETIS) + 1.5 mL of eCG (Novormon, ZOETIS) + 1 mL of dinoprost tromethamine (Lutalyse, ZOETIS). The animals were evaluated by ultrasonography at 30 and 60 days after embryo transfer, to diagnose the success rate and embryo losses during this period. Furthermore, information was collected on births, length of gestation, number of twin births, number of childbirth assistance and the weight of the calves. The results showed that Group 1 had better success than the Control, with higher conception rates at 30 days (68.3% vs. 53.2%, P<0.001) and at 60 days (62.9% vs. 52.3%; P<0 .05). The number of animals born was also higher for Group 1 (53.3% vs. 43.3%, P<0.01). The percentage of twins born in Group 1 was 17.9%, and the animals had lower weight compared to the Control (34.29 + 7.36 vs 37.63 + 5.73, P<0.05). The length of pregnancy and the number of assistances were similar between groups. In conclusion, the strategy adopted in this experiment suggests a considerable increase in the calf birth rate, but losses during pregnancy and their mechanisms need to be elucidated.

scholarly journals Kualitas Semen dengan Berbagai Formulasi Pengencer Dasar Air Kelapa Hijau Selama Simpan Dingin pada Sapi Madura

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 37
Author(s):  
Aulia Puspita Anugra Yekti ◽  
Jois Harsah ◽  
Muchamad Luthfi ◽  
Muhammad Dikman ◽  
Asri Nurul Huda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Egg Yolk ◽  
Egg White ◽  
Coconut Water ◽  
National Standard ◽  
Research Station ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Frozen Semen ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Water Base

ABSTRAKInseminasi Buatan dengan menggunakan semen cair digunakan untuk daerah yang sulit nitrogen cair dan mempunyai kualitas yang lebih baik dari pada semen beku. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui kualitas berbagai bahan pengencer dasar air kelapa penyimpanan dingin 2-5°C.Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di Loka Penelitian Sapi Potong Grati, Pasuruan. Semen yang digunakan berasal dari sapi madura sebanyak dua ekor, berumur 5 dan 3 tahun  dan berat badan yaitu 397 kg dan 360,5 kg. Sapi madura ditampung seminggu 2 kali dengan motilitas > 70% , sedangkan air kelapa yang digunakan adalah air kelapa hijau yang masih muda. Pengenceran semen cair dibagi menjadi 4 yaitu P0 (CEP-3 + 20% kuning telur) sebagai kontrol, P1 (air kelapa hijau +20% kuning telur), P2 (P1 + 0,4% putih telur + 1% fruktosa) dan P3 (P1 + 0,4% putih telur kuning telur +2% fruktosa). Data dianalisis menggunakan uji Pearson’s Chi Square dan Uji Deskriptif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan motilitas spermatozoa sesuai standar SNI yaitu motilitas> 40% pada pengencer CEP-3 dapat disimpan selama hari ke-8 (40,50±6,43%) sedangkan pada pengencer dasar air kelapa hijau pada P1, P2 dan P3 tidak menunjukkan perbedaan yang nyata (P>0,05) selama disimpan 6 hari yaitu 40,50±10,12%, 38,00±4,22%, 40,00±8,50%. Abnormalitas dari semua perlakuan menunjukan nilai <20%. Viabilitas didapatkan nilai tertinggi pada perlakuan P0(89,58±2,16%) kemudian P1(89,39±3,79%), P2(88,62±4,59%) dan P3(87,93±4,41%).Kata kunci: CEP-3, semen cair, sapi madura, simpan dingin, air kelapa hijau ABSTRACTArtificial Insemination using liquid semen is performed for areas that where liquid nitrogen is difficult to find and havng better quality than frozen semen. Purpose of this research was to investigate the quality on various coconut water base diluents on liquid semen of madura bull during cold storage of 2-5°C. Research was conducted at Laboratory of Reproduction of Grati Beef Cattle Research Station, Pasuruan.Semen that is used comes from two madura bulls aged 5 and 3 years with body weight is 397 kg and 360.5 kg. The semen was collected twice a week with motility> 70%, and the coconut water used is unripe green coconut water. The research treatments were P0 (CEP-3 + 20% egg yolk) as control, P1 (unripe green coconut water + 20% egg yolk), P2 (P1+ 1% fructose + 0.4% egg white) and P3 (P1+ 0.4% egg white + 2% fructose). Data were analyzed using Pearson's Chi Square test and Descriptive Test. The results showed that the motility of spermatozoa was within Indonesian National Standard (SNI) with more than 40% motility in the CEP-3 diluent and it can be stored until the 8th day (40.50 ± 6.43%). The basic diluents of green coconut water at P1, P2 and P3 was not significantly affected (P> 0.05) until 6 days storing with the motility number average are 40.50 ± 10.12%, 38.00 ± 4.22%, 40, 00 ± 8.50%. The abnormality of all treatments was under 20%. The highest viability was showed by treatment P2 (89.58±2.16%), followed by P4 (89.39 ± 3.79%), P3 (88.62 ± 4.59%) and the lowest was P4 (87.93 ± 4.41%). Keywords:CEP-3, liquid semen, madura bull, cool storage, green coconut water ABSTRACT               Artificial Insemination using liquid semen is performed for areas that where liquid nitrogen is difficult to find and havng better quality than frozen semen. Purpose of this research was to investigate the quality on various coconut water base diluents on liquid semen of madura bull during cold storage of 2-5°C. Research was conducted at Laboratory of Reproduction of Grati Beef Cattle Research Station, Pasuruan.Semen that is used comes from two madura bulls aged 5 and 3 years with body weight is 397 kg and 360.5 kg. The semen was collected twice a week with motility> 70%, and the coconut water used is unripe green coconut water. The research treatments were P0 (CEP-3 + 20% egg yolk) as control, P1 (unripe green coconut water + 20% egg yolk), P2 (P1+ 1% fructose + 0.4% egg white) and P3 (P1+ 0.4% egg white + 2% fructose). Data were analyzed using Pearson's Chi Square test and Descriptive Test. The results showed that the motility of spermatozoa was within Indonesian National Standard (SNI) with more than 40% motility in the CEP-3 diluent and it can be stored until the 8th day (40.50 ± 6.43%). The basic diluents of green coconut water at P1, P2 and P3 was not significantly affected (P> 0.05) until 6 days storing with the motility number average are 40.50 ± 10.12%, 38.00 ± 4.22%, 40, 00 ± 8.50%. The abnormality of all treatments was under 20%. The highest viability was showed by treatment P2 (89.58±2.16%), followed by P4 (89.39 ± 3.79%), P3 (88.62 ± 4.59%) and the lowest was P4 (87.93 ± 4.41%).

scholarly journals 11 TIME OF INSEMINATION RELATIVE TO OVULATION EXPLAINS FERTILITY VARIATIONS OFFROZEN - THAWED SPERMATOZOA BETWEEN FARMS

2005 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 155 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Bolarín ◽  
G. Carvajal ◽  
M. Hernandez ◽  
J.M. Vazquez ◽  
E.A. Martinez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Litter Size ◽  
Intrauterine Insemination ◽  
Female Genital Tract ◽  
Egg Yolk ◽  
Corpora Lutea ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Limited Life ◽  
Estrus Detection ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Female Genital

Swine fertility after AI with frozen-thawed spermatozoa varies between trials. As thawed spermatozoa have an extremely limited life span in the female genital tract, fertility of frozen-thawed spermatozoa depends mainly on the time of insemination relative to ovulation. The objective of this study was to evaluate whether the time of insemination relative to ovulation could explain the farm differences in fertility when frozen-thawed spermatozoa are used. Pooled sperm-rich fractions collected from three mature Pietrain boars were diluted in lactose/egg-yolk/glicerol/Orvus-ES-Paste extender, loaded in 0.5-mL straws (1 × 109 cells/mL), and frozen under controlled conditions (Carvajal et al. 2003 J. Androl. 25, 389–396). Thawing was conducted in a waterbath at 37°C for 20 s. Inseminations were performed using the deep intrauterine insemination technique (Martínez et al. 2002 Reproduction 123, 167–170) with 1 × 109 thawed spermatozoa (post-thaw motility >50%) diluted in 5 mL of Beltsville thaw solution (BTS). Ninety-seven and 82 weaned sows (parity 2–7) in farms A and B, respectively, were twice inseminated at 30 and 36 h after onset of estrus (estrus detection was performed twice a day by allowing females nose-to-nose contact with a mature boar and by applying back pressure). At insemination time, both ovaries were checked for ovulation by transrectal ultrasonography and sows were classified into three groups: F sows (follicles visible during the two examinations), O sows (ovulation visible during at least one examination), and C sows (corpora lutea visible during both examinations). Data were analysed with ANOVA and chi-square test, and are reported as % or mean ± SEM. Overall farrowing rates differed (P < 0.01) between farms: 70.1% (68/97) and 51.22% (42/82) in farms A and B, respectively. Litter size did not differ (P > 0.05) between farms (9.18 ± 0.24 and 9 ± 0.39 in farms A and B, respectively). Distribution of sows among F, O, and C groups differed (P < 0.05) between farms. Seventeen (17.52%), 70 (72.16%), and 10 (10.31%) sows in farm A and 33 (40.24%), 24 (29.27%), and 25 (30.49%) sows in farm B were classified as F, O, and C, respectively. Fertility in F, O, or C sows did not differ (P > 0.05) between farms. Farrowing rates and litter size in O sows (82.98% and 9.45 ± 0.23) were higher (P < 0.05) than in F (48% and 8.67 ± 0.54) and C (48.57% and 7.55 ± 0.62) sows. We can conclude that time of insemination relative to ovulation explains fertility differences between farms when frozen-thawed spermatozoa are used. This work was supported by INIA (RZ01-019) and INFO (CARM).

24 EVALUATION OF THE PREGNANCY RATE OF FIXED-TIME ARTIFICIALLY INSEMINATED BOS INDICUS COWS USING HETEROSPERMIC AND MONOSPERMIC SEMEN

2013 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 159
Author(s):  
J. P. Detomini ◽  
R. R. Tirloni ◽  
C. V. Araujo ◽  
L. R. Martins
Keyword(s):  
Pregnancy Rate ◽  
Estrous Cycle ◽  
Body Condition Score ◽  
Bos Indicus ◽  
Fixed Time ◽  
Estradiol Benzoate ◽  
Pregnancy Rates ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Mato Grosso ◽  
Chi Square Test

The aim of this study was to establish a comparison between heterospermic and monospermic semen on the pregnancy rate of fixed-time AI Bos indicus cows. The experiment was conducted in the state of Mato Grosso, Brazil, during December 2010 and February 2011. Multiparous (n = 173) and primiparous (n = 204) Nelore cows, 45 ± 15 days postpartum, were evaluated on body condition score (BCS; score 1 to 9), and those that presented BCS between 5 and 8 were selected. Two protocols of estrous cycle synchronization were performed (PeCG and Pshang). Synchronization of the estrous cycle was achieved with the aid of the following protocol: on Day 0, all animals were treated with a progesterone vaginal implant with 1.9 g of progesterone combined with an IM injection of 2 mg of estradiol benzoate. On Day 7, an IM injection of 12.5 mg of dinoprost was administered. On Day 9, implants were withdrawn and the animals received an IM injection of 0.5 mg of estradiol cypionate. On Day 9, part of the animals (n = 222) received an IM injection of 300 IU mg of eCG (PeCG) and the other part (n = 155) had their calves removed for 48 hours (Pshang). All animals were inseminated 46 to 52 h after the end of the protocol. Cows were allocated randomly in 4 groups according to the donor male sample in the semen straw and groups were designated as MA (monospermic straw from bull A; n = 110), MB (monospermic straw from bull B; n = 102), MC (monospermic straw from bull C; n = 108), and HT (heterospermic sample from bulls A, B, and C; n = 57). Commercially available semen straws from Aberdeen Angus donors were used (ABS Pecplan, Brazil). Pregnancy diagnosis was performed 35 days after AI using real-time ultrasonography. Results are summarized in Table 1. There was no statistical difference between MA, MB, MC, and HT in any group according to the chi-square test (P > 0.05). However, there was a remarkable difference in pregnancy rates among the 3 bulls tested considering both protocols, probably due to the variation in the ovulation moment. Table 1.Pregnancy rates of Nelore cows submitted to FTAI protocol inseminated with monospermic (bull A, B, or C) or heterospermic (HT) semen

155 Fertility of sexed semen in Holstein heifers and cows

2020 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 204
Author(s):  
M. Yamaguchi ◽  
M. Takayama ◽  
T. Nishisouzu ◽  
H. López ◽  
O. Dochi
Keyword(s):  
Sex Ratio ◽  
Dairy Cattle ◽  
Female Offspring ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Frozen Semen ◽  
Conception Rates ◽  
Sexed Semen ◽  
Parity Number ◽  
Chi Square Test

Compared with conventional semen, use of sexed semen decreases the conception rate (CR); therefore, it is important to address the factors that lead to sperm damage. Recently, a novel sexed semen technology was developed for improving dairy cattle fertility (Betthauser et al. 2016 J. Dairy Sci. 99 (E-Suppl. 1), 534). However, there are few reports about the fertility of this novel sexed semen in dairy cattle in Japan. The objective of this study was to compare the CR of traditional sorting semen (S1: flow cytometry/cell sorting) and the novel sexed semen (S2: SexcelTM, ABS Global Inc.) in Holstein heifers and cows in Japan. The CR for the first insemination was obtained from 391 Holstein cows and 148 heifers (10.7-17.8 months old) from 14 dairy farms in Hokkaido from June 2017 to April 2019. Semen used for AI was collected from six bulls and packaged into 0.25-mL straws and frozen. Cows inseminated with conventional frozen semen (S3: unsexed semen in 0.5-mL straws) were used as controls. Calving data were collected from 123 cows and 69 heifers that had calved between January 2018 and May 2019. The diagnosis of pregnancy was confirmed using ultrasonography between 30 and 45 days after insemination. The CR and sex ratio were analysed using chi-square test. The average parity number was 1.9±1.1, and average days open was 84.9±20.4 days. The average interval between calving and the first service was 86.2±20.3 days. The average milk yield (at 305 days) was 12 195±1595 kg. All of the animals were inseminated after the onset of standing heat or removal of the tail chalk of natural heats and oestrus and ovulation synchronisation programmes on the farm. Conception rates of heifers of the first service of S1 (n=54) and S2 (n=94) were 68.5 and 70.2%, respectively. Conception rates of cows of the first service of S1 (n=32), S2 (n=173), and S3 (n=186) were 56.3, 57.8, and 53.8%, respectively. There were no significant differences in CR between these groups (P&gt;0.4). The proportion of female calves produced using S1 (n=61) and S2 (n=57) was 91.8 and 93.0%, respectively, which was significantly more (P&lt;0.01) compared with the 50.0% produced using S3 (n=74). There were no significant differences between S1 and S2 (P&gt;0.8) in terms of the proportion of calves produced. The results of this study demonstrated that the traditional sorting and novel sexed semen (S1 and S2, respectively) did not differ in terms of the first-service CR and produced considerably more female calves than when the conventional semen (S3) was used. Furthermore, these findings indicate that the use of this novel sexed semen could achieve a sex ratio close to 90% female offspring.

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