scholarly journals 19POSTPARTUM ANESTROUS TREATMENT WITH INTRA-VAGINAL PROGESTERONE DEVICE OR CALF REMOVAL FOR 120 HOURS IN SUCKLED CROSSBRED DUAL PURPOSE COWS

2004 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 132 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Perea-Ganchou ◽  
E. Soto-Belloso ◽  
R. Palomares-Naveda ◽  
A. De Ondiz ◽  
H.J. Hernandez-Fonseca ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bos Taurus ◽  
Body Condition Score ◽  
Bos Indicus ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Dual Purpose ◽  
Tropical Conditions ◽  
Calf Removal ◽  
Chi Square Analysis

Postpartum anestrus is the main reproductive problem that affects crossbred cattle production in Venezuela. (Soto et al., 2002 Theriogenology 57, 1503–1510; Soto et al., 2000 Revista Científica FCV-LUZ 10, 391–398). In order to reduce the postpartum anestrus and lower the calving to conception interval, 167 crossbred (Bos indicus×Bos taurus) anestrous cows between 90 and 130 days postpartum with body condition score 3 (scale 1–5) were randomly allotted to one the following treatments: 1) PH (n=59), intravaginal sponge (IS) impregnated with 250mg of medroxyprogesterone acetate (MAP) during 7 days+50mg of MAP and 5mg of 17β-estradiol (17β-E) i.m. at the day of sponge insertion (Day 0), plus 500 IU of eCG i.m. at Day 5 and1.5mg of 17β-E i.m. at Day 8 (PREGNAHEAT-E, VIATECA, Villa del Rosario, Venezuela); 2) CR (n=57), 120-h temporary calf removal; and 3) CG (n=20), control group. Work was performed in a commercial farm located in a subhumid tropical forrest region. Estrus, first service conception and pregnancy rate were analyzed by chi-square analysis. The intervals to conception were analyzed using analysis of variance (GLM) and the means was compared by least square means method. To evaluate the treatment effect, the interval to conception of each pregnant cow during the first 100 days were considered for the analysis. This interval (days) was significantly (P≤0.05) higher in the PH treatment (155.9±7.3) compared to control (174.4±8.1) but no differences were shown between PH and CR (161.0±7.8). Other results are shown in Table 1. PH treatment improved the estrus and pregnancy rates and shorten the interval to conception indicating that this is a promising anestrous treatment for suckled crossbred dual purpose cows under tropical conditions. Table 1. Reproductive performance of postpartum anestrous suckled cows treated with intravaginal progesterone or temporary calf removal

154 EFFECTS OF THE BREED AND SEASON ON THE FERTILITY OF TROPICAL DUAL PURPOSE COWS

2006 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 184 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Nava-Trujillo ◽  
A. Hernández ◽  
H. Hernández-Fonseca ◽  
E. Soto-Belloso ◽  
F. Perea-Ganchou
Keyword(s):  
Bos Taurus ◽  
Bos Indicus ◽  
Oocyte Quality ◽  
Dry Season ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Dual Purpose ◽  
Extra Energy ◽  
Tropical Conditions ◽  
Energy Supplementation ◽  
Observation Period

First service fertility is an important factor affecting the calving-conception interval and the number of services per conception. In the present study, first service fertility of 618 multiparous dual purpose cows was analyzed according to breed predominance (Bos indicus and Bos taurus) and service season: dry (December-March); sub-humid (April-August); and humid season (September-November). All cows were located in a sub-humid tropical forest area, characterized by 1950 mm/year of rainfall and a mean daily temperature of 28.3�C. Cows were milked and suckled twice a day. Estrus was detected twice a day with a minimum observation period of 30 min. All cows were serviced according to the international rule AM-PM with semen of one of two Brahman bulls (A and B). All cows received water and mineral salt ad libitum during the entire year. Additionally, during the dry season cows received an energy supplementation. Data were analyzed using the chi-square procedure of SAS (SAS/STAT User's Guide, 8.2 ed. Cary, NC: SAS Institute, Inc., 2001). No bull effects were observed on first service fertility (bull A: 37.70%, 105/305; and bull B: 40.26%, 126/313; P > 0.05). Breed predominance significantly affected the first service fertility, being higher in Bos indicus cows (47.48%) than in Bos taurus cows (32.78%; P < 0.05). The higher first service fertility of Bos indicus cows seen during the year was probably because Bos indicus cattle are more thermotolerant than Bos taurus cattle (Hansen 2004 Anim. Reprod. Sci. 82-83, 349-360). Moreover, season of service did not affect the first service fertility of Bos indicus cows (dry: 48.95%, 70/143; sub-humid: 50%, 33/66; and humid: 41.30%, 19/46; P > 0.05). While in Bos taurus cows, first service fertility was higher in cows serviced during the dry season (43.24%) in comparison with those serviced during the sub-humid (28.26%; P < 0.05) or humid season (23.58%; P < 0.05). No differences were observed between Bos taurus cows serviced in the sub-humid and the humid season (P > 0.05). First service fertility did not differ between Bos indicus and Bos taurus cows serviced during the dry season (P > 0.05), which is likely due to the lower relative humidity and extra energy supplementation. This may improve oocyte quality. In conclusion, fertility of Bos taurus cattle is more sensitive than that of Bos indicus cattle under tropical conditions; therefore, the implementation of a reproductive seasonality scheme is recommended to increase the reproductive efficiency of Bos taurus cattle.

Reducing post-partum anoestrous interval in first-calf Bos indicus crossbred beef heifers. 2. Responses to weaning and supplementation

1993 ◽  
Vol 44 (5) ◽  
pp. 1079 ◽  
Author(s):  
CS McSweeney ◽  
PM Kennedy ◽  
MJ D'Occhio ◽  
LA Fitzpatrick ◽  
D Reid ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bos Taurus ◽  
Body Condition Score ◽  
Post Partum ◽  
Bos Indicus ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Ovarian Activity ◽  
Entry Rate ◽  
Condition Score ◽  
Mineral Mixture ◽  
Ovarian Cyclicity

Supplementation designed to increase the supply of glucose and amino acids, was compared with early weaning as strategies for reducing post-partum anoestrous in Bos indicusx Bos taurus (518x318) first-lactation heifers. Twenty-three pregnant heifers were allocated to four treatment groups and fed long-chopped hay (15.8 g N/kg dry matter) ad libitum and a complete mineral mixture throughout the experiment as well as 450 g molasses and 50 g urea per day during the final month of pregnancy. After calving, three groups were supplemented daily for 120 days with either 2 kg cracked rice (E), 0.4 kg formaldehyde-treated casein (P), or cracked rice (2 kg)+formaldehyde-treated casein (0.4 kg) (E+P); the unsupplemented control group had their calves weaned at 60 days post-partum. Supplemented animals had significantly higher intakes of hay (7- 1-7.3 v. 5.9 kg OM/day), weight gain (0.4-0.5 v. 0.0 kg/day) and body condition score (4.6-4.7 v. 4.3) than the unsupplemented heifers, but there were no differences between the supplemented groups in these variables. Unsupplemented animals and heifers fed P partitioned similar amounts of lactose and fat into milk, whereas secretion of both lactose and protein was significantly higher in the E+P and E groups. All control heifers ovulated within 14 days of their calves being weaned, whereas only two of the lactating supplemented heifers (EfP) showed cyclic ovarian activity at that time and three other lactating heifers ovulated several weeks later. The response to weaning occurred in heifers that had a liveweight and condition score of 374 kg and 4.3 respectively, which was 30-50 kg and a half unit in condition below the suckling heifers. In unsupplemented heifers showing ovarian cyclicity, acetate entry rate was less than half that of the supplemented animals, whereas glucose entry rate, adjusted for loss to lactose, was similar for both groups. Supplementation did not affect either the basal concentration or frequency of pulsatile release of luteinizing hormone (LH) at 60 days post-partum, or the LH response to gonadotrophin releasing hormone (5 8g GnRH). It is concluded that under the conditions of the present study, weaning had a greater effect than post-partum nutritional supplements on the resumption of ovarian activity in first-lactation heifers with moderate nutrition.

Induction of ovulation with GnRH and PGF2a in lactating Bos taurus × Bos indicus cows

2004 ◽  
Vol 52 (4) ◽  
pp. 501-508 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Ahuja ◽  
F. Montiel
Keyword(s):  
Body Condition ◽  
Artificial Insemination ◽  
Bos Taurus ◽  
Body Condition Score ◽  
Bos Indicus ◽  
Ovarian Activity ◽  
Induction Of Ovulation ◽  
Tropical Conditions ◽  
Condition Score ◽  
Timed Artificial Insemination

Induction of ovulation for timed artificial insemination (TAI) with the Ovsynch protocol was evaluated in 49 anoestrous and lactating Bos taurus × Bos indicus cows. Palpation per rectum and transrectal ultrasonography were used on Days -30, -20, -10 and 0 (start of treatment) to confirm anoestrus but with the presence of follicles = 10 mm, and every other day during treatment to determine ovarian activity. Cows were randomly assigned to: (1) Ovsynch (n = 24; Day 0, 200 µg GnRH; Day 7, 150 µg PGF2a; Day 9, 200 µg GnRH + TAI 16 to 20 h later) and (2) control (n = 25; no treatment). Rates of ovulation for the first GnRH injection, detection of a corpus luteum (CL) at PGF2a injection, pregnancy and induction of cyclicity were greater (P < 0.05) with Ovsynch. There was no effect of body condition score (P ? 0.05). In conclusion, the Ovsynch protocol was not effective in obtaining acceptable pregnancy rate for TAI, but it was effective for induction of cyclicity in anoestrous and lactating Bos taurus × Bos indicus cows under tropical conditions.

17PREVENTION OF ANESTRUS USING AN INTRAVAGINAL PROGESTAGEN DEVICE COMBINED WITH 17²-ESTRADIOL, GNRH, AND PGF2± AT 60 DAYS POSTPARTUM IN DUAL PURPOSE CROSSBRED ZEBU COWS

2004 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 131 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Palomares-Naveda ◽  
F. Perea-Ganchou ◽  
H.J. Hernandez-Fonseca ◽  
J. Sandoval-Martinez ◽  
A. De Ondiz-Sanchez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pregnancy Rate ◽  
Reproductive Performance ◽  
Group Treatment ◽  
Body Condition Score ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Dual Purpose ◽  
T1 And T2 ◽  
Intravaginal Device ◽  
Zebu Cows

In order to study the effect of an intravaginal device (sponge) impregnated with Medroxyprogesterone acetate (MAP) on estrus induction and fertility, an assay was carried out on a commercial farm located in Zulia state, Venezuela. Eighty-four noncyclic (milk progesterone level &lt;0.5ng/mL) suckled crossbred cows (B. taurus×B. indicus) at 60 days postpartum and 3–3.5 body condition score (scale 1–5) were randomly allotted to one of the following treatments: T1 (n=22), intravaginal device impregnated with 250mg of MAP during 7 days+50mg of MAP and 5mg of 17β-estradiol (17β-E) i.m. on the day of device insertion (Day 0) and 1.5mg of 17β-E i.m. on Day 8 (Pregnaheat-E®; VIATECA, Venezuela); T2 (n=28), 17β-E given at Day 0 was replaced by 20μg of busereline (Conceptal® Hoescht, A. Germany)+injection of 25mg of dinoprost (Lutalyse® Pharmacia Upjohn, Kalamazoo, MI, USA) on Day 7 and 1.5mg of 17β-E 12h after device removal (Day 8); T3 (control group; n=34), without treatment. Animals detected in heat were inseminated in the uterine body 9 to 12 hours later in routine AM-PM. Pregnancy diagnose was carried out at 60days after AI by transrectal examination. Studied variables were: estrus rate (ER), pregnancy rate (PR), anoestrus rate (AR), and partum-conception interval (PCI). Variables were analyzed by frequency procedures and chi-square test of Statistical Analysis System (SAS). PCI was analyzed by variance model (PROC GLM) and compared by Ls means. Results are shown in Table 1. T1 and T2 showed higher ER and PR (P&lt;0.05) than T3. AR was lower (P&lt;0.05) in T1 and T2 than T3. PCI was significantly reduced (P&lt;0.05) in T1, but not in T2 versus T3. The cows treated with MAP showed greater estrus and pregnancy rate, shorter partum-conception interval and lower anoestrus rate than the control group. Treatment with the intravaginal device was effective to prevent postpartum anoestrus and to improve reproductive performance in dual purpose zebu crossbred suckled cows. Table 1. Effect of an intravaginal progestagen device on reproductive performance in crossbred Zebu cows

7 ESTRUS LENGTH AND INTENSITY IN BOS TAURUS (HOLSTEIN) v. BOS INDICUS (NELORE) NONLACTATING COWS

2011 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 110
Author(s):  
M. R. Bastos ◽  
M. A. P. Meschiatti ◽  
R. S. Surjus ◽  
A. B. Prata ◽  
A. P. Lemes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bos Taurus ◽  
Body Condition Score ◽  
Bos Indicus ◽  
Visual Observation ◽  
Holstein Cows ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Exact Test ◽  
Nutritional Conditions ◽  
Condition Score ◽  
Student’S T

The aim of this study was to compare the length and intensity of oestrus in nonlactating Bos taurus (Holstein; n = 11) v. nonlactating Bos indicus (Nelore; n = 13) cows. The cows were kept in a single pen to allow interaction between them and were daily fed a maintenance diet according to the NRC (2000), containing 42.8% sugarcane bagasse, 45.7% corn, 3.2% soybean meal, 1.2% urea, 5.7% molasses, and 1.4% mineral salt, totaling 71% dry matter (DM) in the diet. The intake of DM per kg of body weight (BW) was 1.45%. Body condition score and BW were 3.5 ± 0.1 and 3.0 ± 0.2 (range 1 to 5), and 549.5 ± 14.3 and 625.5 ± 20.5 kg for Nelore and Holstein cows, respectively. All females had the emergence of follicular wave synchronized with an intravaginal progesterone device (Sincrogest, Ourofino Agronegócio, São Paulo, Brazil), 2 mg of oestradiol benzoate (Sincrodiol, Ourofino; IM) and 0.150 mg PGF2α (Sincrocio, Ourofino; IM). Ten days after initiation of the protocol, the intravaginal device was removed and another treatment with 0.150 mg PGF2α was given. Thereafter, cows were evaluated for oestrus by continuous visual observation 24 h a day for 5 days. The number of the cow that was mounting and the number of the cow that was standing was recorded for each event, as well as the time of the event. To confirm ovulation, ultrasound examination was performed between 5 and 7 days after oestrus detection. Data were analysed by Student’s t-test and Fisher’s exact test or Chi-square and data are presented as mean ± SE or percentage. Ten of 13 (76.9%) and 11 of 11 (100%) Nelore and Holstein cows, respectively, were detected in standing oestrus and ovulated (P > 0.10). On average, Holstein cows tended to start oestrus earlier than Nelore cows after device removal (40.4 ± 2.9 v. 47.7 ± 2.8 h; P = 0.09). There was no difference in intensity and duration of oestrus between Bos taurus and Bos indicus cows. Oestrus length was 14.7 ± 1.0 h (range 8.3 to 19.0 h) in Holstein cows and 12.4 ± 0.8 h (range 8.6 to 17.1 h) in Nelore cows (P > 0.10). Moreover, the average number of times that cows accepted mounts was 32.2 ± 6.1 and 36.3 ± 5.3 for Holstein and Nelore cows, respectively (P > 0.10). Only 9.1% of the mounts accepted by Nelore cows were performed by Holstein cows and only 3.8% of the mounts accepted by Holstein cows were done by Nelore cows (P < 0.05). We concluded that Bos taurus and Bos indicus cows managed under similar environment and nutritional conditions exhibit oestrus with the same intensity and duration. However, there was very little interaction during oestrus between Nelore and Holstein cows, showing a breed segregation pattern. This work was financially supported by CNPq, FAPESP, and Ourofino Agronegócio of Brazil.

scholarly journals Relationship Physical Environmental in Bedroom and Familyroom with New Cases of Smear Positive Pulmonary Tuberculosis in the work area of Puskesmas Songgon Banyuwangi

2018 ◽  
pp. 141-153
Author(s):  
Ayudita Ismiyanti ◽  
Corie Indria Prasasti ◽  
Erni Astutik
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Tuberculosis ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Case Group ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
The People ◽  
Work Area ◽  
Smear Positive Pulmonary Tuberculosis ◽  
Chi Square Analysis ◽  
Physical Environmental Factors

Tuberculosis (TB) is a contagious infectious disease due to the bacterium Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Until now, TB disease is still one of the world's health problems and its existence is often linked to environmental problems. This study aims to analyze the physical environmental factors of the house, especially in the bedroom and familiy room associated with smear positive pulmonary tuberculosis new cases in the work area of ​​Puskesmas Songgon Banyuwangi. The design of this research is case control, with the comparison of case:control is 1: 2. A total of 15 people from the case group were taken from SITT (Integrated Tuberculosis Information System) Puskesmas Songgon Banyuwangi and selected using simple random sampling method, while 30 control group were neighbors of case group matching based on gender. Dependent variables is new cases of smear positive pulmonary tuberculosis in the work area of ​​Puskesmas Songgon Banyuwangi and independent variables include ventilation, temperature, humidity, and lighting in bedroom and famiy room. The result of chi square analysis showed that there was a significant correlation between bedroom lighting (OR=4,667; 95%CI=1,237-17,600; p=0,043) and family room lighting (OR=4,571; 95%CI=1,182-17,678; p=0,039) with a new case of smear positive pulmonary TB in the work area of Puskesmas Songgon Banyuwangi. Therefore, the need for awareness to the community, especially the people with pulmonary tuberculosis, by health personnel Pukesmas Songgon Banyuwangi about the importance of keeping the home environment to stay healthy, one of them by allowing air to change and sunlight can enter the house by opening the window in every room house in the morning, and replace the brick tile with glass tile.   Keywords : Pulmonary Tuberculosis, smear, lighting, bedroom, family room

scholarly journals 243 PREGNANCY RATES IN THE FIELD AFTER THE TRANSFER OF BOVINE IVP EMBRYOS VITRIFIED BY THE CRYOLOGIC VITRIFICATION METHOD

2005 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 272 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Fry ◽  
C. Earl ◽  
K. Fry ◽  
W. Lindemans
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Bos Taurus ◽  
Bos Indicus ◽  
Pregnancy Rates ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Full Field ◽  
Transfer Programs ◽  
Short Period ◽  
Rectal Palpation ◽  
User Friendly

Although large numbers of IVP embryos can be produced from donor cattle in a short period of time, commercial acceptance of the technology depends on the ability to cryopreserve these embryos and achieve a 50% pregnancy rate in large-scale embryo transfer programs. Many studies have reported low pregnancy rates of about 20% after the transfer of cryopreserved IVP embryos. We have developed the user friendly CryoLogic Vitrification Method (CVM) that vitrifies embryos on a solid surface at −196°C and warms them rapidly in a one-step procedure prior to transfer (Lindemans et al. 2004 Reprod. Fertil. Dev. 16, 174). We present an overview of the pregnancy rates in the field after vitrification of bovine IVP embryos by the CVM. The bos taurus IVP embryos in southern Australia (bT) and the bos indicus-based IVP embryos in northern Australia (bI) were produced by our standard TVR and IVP methodology (Fry et al., 2003 Theriogenology 59, 446). Pregnancy was determined by rectal palpation between Day 40 and Day 90 and differences between treatments were analyzed by chi-square. The development of the CVM has enabled the successful cryopreservation of bovine IVP embryos. In the laboratory the typical survival (90% re-expansion) and development (80% hatching) of IVP embryos post-vitrification is high and, as demonstrated here, the pregnancy rates after transfer are approaching commercially acceptable levels. However, further research is required to identify factors that may influence success under full field conditions, for both the IVP and the vitrification technologies. Table 1. Pregnancy rates for fresh IVP, CVM-vitrified IVP, and traditionally flushed embryos cryopreserved in glycerol

scholarly journals In Vivo Bonding of Orthodontic Brackets to Fluorosed Enamel using an Adhesion Promotor

2008 ◽  
Vol 78 (2) ◽  
pp. 357-360 ◽  
Author(s):  
James Noble ◽  
Nicholas E. Karaiskos ◽  
William A. Wiltshire
Keyword(s):  
Dental Fluorosis ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
High Volume ◽  
Aluminum Silicate ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Adhesion Promoter ◽  
Bond Failure ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Chi Square Analysis

Abstract Objectives: To determine the success of bracket retention using an adhesion promoter with and without the additional microabrasion of enamel. Materials and Methods: Fifty-two teeth with severe dental fluorosis were bonded in vivo using a split-mouth design where the enamel surfaces of 26 teeth were microabraded with 50 μm of aluminum silicate for 5 seconds under rubber dam and high volume suction. Thirty-seven percent phosphoric acid was then applied to the enamel, washed and dried, and followed by placement of Scotchbond Multipurpose Plus Bonding Adhesive. Finally, precoated 3M Unitek Victory brackets were placed and light cured. The remaining teeth were bonded using the same protocol but without microabrasion. Results: After 9 months of intraoral service, only one bond failure occurred in the control group where microabrasion was used. Chi-square analysis revealed P = .31, indicating no statistical significance between the two groups. Conclusions: Bonding orthodontic attachments to fluorosed enamel using an adhesion promoter is a viable clinical procedure that does not require the additional micro-mechanical abrasion step.

Evaluation of Bos indicus and Bos taurus straightbreds and crosses. II. Post-weaning growth, puberty, and pelvic size of heifers

1994 ◽  
Vol 45 (4) ◽  
pp. 795 ◽  
Author(s):  
H Hearnshaw ◽  
PF Arthur ◽  
R Barlow ◽  
PJ Kohun ◽  
RE Darnell
Keyword(s):  
Body Condition ◽  
Bos Taurus ◽  
Body Condition Score ◽  
Bos Indicus ◽  
The Other ◽  
South Wales ◽  
Condition Score ◽  
Medium Quality ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Pelvic Size

Post-weaning growth and body condition, puberty and pelvic size of 197 heifers comprising straightbred Hereford (HxH) and Brahman (BxB), first-cross (BxH) and back-cross (HxBH and BxBH) heifers were evaluated. The heifers were born over a 3 year period, and grazed improved and semi-improved pastures following weaning at Grafton, New South Wales. Prior to weaning, heifers had been reared by dams on three pasture systems (high, medium and low quality pastures). Heifers from low quality pre-weaning pasture had higher (P < 0.05) post-weaning liveweight gain than those from high and medium quality pastures. BxH heifers gained 71 g/day more (P < 0.05) than the mean gain of their contemporaries of the other genotypes, whose gains were similar, from weaning to either 26 or to 30 months of age. Liveweight at all ages was influenced by genotype x pre-weaning pasture system interaction. At 30 months of age, BxH heifers from high and medium pre-weaning pastures were the heaviest. At the same age, but from low quality pre-weaning pasture, heifers with crossbred dams (HxBH and BxBH) were the heaviest. Wither height depended significantly (P < 0.05) on the proportion of Bos indicus genes, increasing from 113.8 cm in the HxH heifers to 124.4 cm in the BxB heifers at 30 months of age. BxH heifers had a higher (P < 0.05) body condition score than their contemporaries of the other genotypes, which were in similar condition, at 26 and 30 months of age. On average (across pre-weaning pasture system), 9% of BxB heifers had reached puberty by 22 months of age compared to 62, 95, 82 and 64% (s.e.= 9) for HxH, HxBH, BxH and BxBH heifers respectively. No significant genotype differences were obtained in the height, width and size of the pelvic opening of the heifers, measured just prior to the beginning of the mating season at 26 months of age.

207 INFLUENCE OF THE INTERVAL BETWEEN THAWING TO TRANSFER ON PREGNANCY RATES OF FROZEN - THAWED DIRECT-TRANSFER EMBRYOS

2007 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 220
Author(s):  
G. A. Bo ◽  
L. C. Peres ◽  
D. Pincinato ◽  
M. de la Rey ◽  
R. Tribulo
Keyword(s):  
Bos Taurus ◽  
Body Condition Score ◽  
Bos Indicus ◽  
Fixed Time ◽  
Pregnancy Rates ◽  
Direct Transfer ◽  
Condition Score ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

An experiment was designed to evaluate the effect of the interval between thawing to deposition of the embryo into the uterine horn on pregnancy rates of in vivo-produced frozen–thawed embryos in 1.5 M ethylene glycol (direct transfer). Data were collected from 1122 embryo transfers performed in the same farm (Estancia El Mangrullo, Lavalle, Santiago del Estero, Argentina) during the spring and summer of 2004/05 and 2005/06 (6 replicates, ambient temperature between 20 and 40�C). Recipients used in all replicates were non-lactating, cycling, multiparous Bos taurus � Bos indicus crossbred cows with body condition score between 3 and 4 (1 to 5 scale) that were synchronized using fixed-time embryo transfer protocols. Briefly, the synchronization treatments consisted of the insertion of a Crestar ear implant (Intervet, Sao Paulo, Brazil) or a progesterone-releasing device (DIB; Syntex SA, Buenos Aires, Argentina), plus 2 mg of estradiol benzoate (EB; Syntex) intramuscularly (IM) on Day 0, and 400 IU of eCG (Folligon 5000; Intervet, or Novormon 5000; Syntex) IM plus 150 �g d-cloprostenol IM (Preloban; Intervet, or Ciclase; Syntex) on Day 5. Progestin devices were removed on Day 8 and all cows received 1 mg of EB IM on Day 9. All cows were examined by ultrasonography on Day 16 and those with a luteal area &gt;76 mm2 (by calculating the area of the CL minus the area of the cavity) received, on Day 17, frozen–thawed embryos by nonsurgical transfer. All embryos were Grade 1, and all were frozen in 1.5 M ethylene glycol at the Embryo Plus Laboratory (Brits, South Africa). After being stored in liquid nitrogen, the embryos were plunged directly (no air thawing) in a 30�C water bath for 30 s, and then transferred to the recipient cows by either one of two technicians. Based on the interval between thawing and transfer, the transfers were classified as being in one of 3 groups: Group 1: &lt;3 min; Group 2: 3 to 6 min; and Group 3: 6 to 16 min. The main reason for delayed transfers beyond 6 min was the replacement of one recipient for another because of difficulty in threading the cervix (1% of the total transfers) or a recipient falling down into the chute or with very bad disposition and behavior. Pregnancy was determined by ultrasonography 28 to 35 days after fixed-time embryo transfer, and data were analyzed by logistic regression. There were no effects of replicate, technician, CL area, recipient body condition score, embryo stage, and time from thawing to transfer on pregnancy rates. Pregnancy rates in the 3 thawing to transfer intervals were: Group 1: 215/385, 55.8%; Group 2: 372/655, 56.8%; Group 3: 42/82, 51.2%; P &gt; 0.6. These results may be interpreted to suggest that there is no significant effect of time from thawing to transfer (up to 16 min) in direct transfer embryos using Bos taurus � Bos indicus recipients transferred at a fixed time.

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