scholarly journals 138EARLY EMBRYO MORTALITY IN BUFFALO (BUBALUS BUBALIS) DURING THE SPRING PERIOD

2004 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 191
Author(s):  
G. Neglia ◽  
C. Grassi ◽  
A. Prandi ◽  
G. Galiero ◽  
E. De Carlo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bubalus Bubalis ◽  
Early Embryo ◽  
Pcr Analysis ◽  
Blood Levels ◽  
Infectious Agents ◽  
National Meeting ◽  
Embryo Mortality ◽  
Pregnancy Diagnosis ◽  
Spring Period ◽  
Group B

Embryo development is linked to several factors, such as intrinsic defects within the embryo, an inadequate maternal environment or failure of maternal response to embryonic signals. Reproductive seasonality in buffalo species (Bubalus bubalis) is responsible for the lower reliability of the pregnancy diagnosis by progesterone assay in spring, probably due to the high incidence of early embryo mortality (EEM) for hormonal reasons (Campanile et al., 1989; Proc. 2th National Meeting ‘Studio dell’efficienza riproduttiva degli animali di interesse zootecnico’: 51–57). The aim of the study was to identify the causes of EEM in buffaloes inseminated during the spring period. Italian Mediterranean Buffalo cows (n=209) in a good state of health were synchronized using the Ovsynch-TAI Program (Pursley et al., 1995 Theriogenology 44, 915–923) and inseminated 16 and 40 hours after the second administration of GnRH. Artificial inseminations were performed by the same technician. Ten to 20 days after the first insemination two blood samples were collected from each animal for assessing P4 levels by RIA. Days 24 and 40 after the first insemination, pregnancy diagnosis was assessed by rectal ultrasonography (Aloka SSD-500) with a 5MHz sector scanner. In animals with EEM a uterine flushing was carried out and recovered fluid was analyzed for the principal infectious agents. Microbiological analyses were carried out according to Quinn et al. (1994 Clinical Veterinary Microbiology, Wolfe Publishing, Mosby, Europe) and a PCR analysis was performed only for Bubaline Herpes Virus (BuHV1), Toxoplasma and Neospora. Statistical analysis was assessed by Student’s t-test. The incidence of cyclic buffaloes after synchronization treatment (94%) and pregnancy rate at 40 days (34.4%) were similar to those reported in a previous study (Neglia et al., 2003 Theriogenology 60, 125–133). EEM between 24 and 40 days was 45% and only in 9 buffaloes (15.3%), these results correlated with the presence of infectious agents (Streptococcus spp. group B and G, Bacillus licheniformis, Proteus mirabilis, Staphylococcus spp.). P4 levels on Day 10 were higher (P<0.05) in pregnant (P) buffaloes than in those with EEM. On Day 20, P4 levels were higher (P<0.01) in P buffaloes than in those with EEM and those not pregnant. It is hypothesized that the reduced activity of hypophysis, correlated with an increase in hours of light, may be responsible for decreased P4 concentrations and EEM in buffalo. Table 1 P4 blood levels in pregnant (P) and non pregnant (NP) buffaloes and in buffaloes with EEM 10 and 20 days after insemination

REP-PCR Analysis of Erwinia Genus Bacteria – Infectious Agents of Apple Trees Diseases in Ukraine

2019 ◽  
Vol 81 (6) ◽  
pp. 45-57
Author(s):  
L.A. Dankevych ◽  
◽  
F.V. Muchnyk ◽  
V.P. Patyka ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pcr Analysis ◽  
Infectious Agents ◽  
Apple Trees

Fertility in Cheviot ewes. 2. The effect of level of pre-mating nutrition on ovulation rate and early embryo mortality in North and South Country Cheviot ewes in moderately-good condition at mating

1979 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-23 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. G. Gunn ◽  
J. M. Doney ◽  
W. F. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Food Intake ◽  
Good Condition ◽  
Early Embryo ◽  
Ovulation Rate ◽  
Corpora Lutea ◽  
Restricted Feeding ◽  
Embryo Mortality ◽  
The North ◽  
Breed Difference ◽  
High Level

ABSTRACTIn two experiments over 2 years, 57 North Country Cheviot and 82 South Country Cheviot hill ewes were differentially group-fed indoors over a 2-month period to achieve either good or moderate body con- dition. Over 5 weeks prior to mating, ewes in good condition were brought down in condition by restricted feeding and ewes in mod- erate condition were raised in condition by a high level of feeding. The ewes were thus in moderately-good condition at mating. After mating, ewes were maintained in this condition until killed either on return to service or at 29 ± 8 days for counts of corpora lutea and viable embryos.Ovulation rate in each breed was positively related to the level of pre-mating food intake at the condition level studied. Embryo mortality, as ova loss, was not influenced overall by the level of pre-mating food intake but loss of multiple-shed ova was greater than that of single-shed ova in ewes which had been on restricted feeding before mating. Although a greater proportion of ewes in the North Country Cheviot breed were not pregnant at slaughter, this could not be identified as a breed difference since the breeds were studied in different years.

scholarly journals Diabetic Retinopathy Treated with Laser Photocoagulation and the Indirect Effect on Glycaemic Control

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-3 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Praidou ◽  
Sofia Androudi ◽  
Periklis Brazitikos ◽  
George Karakiulakis ◽  
Eleni Papakonstantinou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetic Retinopathy ◽  
Glycaemic Control ◽  
Laser Treatment ◽  
Laser Photocoagulation ◽  
Argon Laser ◽  
Previous Treatment ◽  
Blood Levels ◽  
Patients With Diabetes ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B

Purpose. To identify any possible relation between glycaemic control and previous laser photocoagulation for diabetic retinopathy.Methods. Seventy-two patients with diabetes were included in the study and were separated into 2 groups according to previous treatment (group A) or not (group B) with argon laser photocoagulation. Glycaemic control was estimated by measuring blood levels of HbA1c in four consecutive measurements.Results. Blood levels of HbA1c in group A were significantly lower 3, 6, and 12 months after laser treatment as compared to blood levels of HbA1c before laser treatment (7.1±0.4% versus7.6±0.9%,7.2±0.2% versus7.6±0.9%, and7.1±0.2% versus7.6±0.9%, resp., allP<0.05). Blood levels of HbA1c in group B did not differ significantly in four consecutive measurements.Conclusion. Our results suggest that we should anticipate a better glycaemic control in cases of patients with diabetes previously treated with laser photocoagulation.

scholarly journals Clinical efficacy of different dosage forms containing vitamin D: design and study outcomes of a randomized, comparative clinical trial

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 176
Author(s):  
Nidhi Sapkal ◽  
Gaurav Chhaya ◽  
Milan Satya ◽  
Dhara Shah
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Clinical Efficacy ◽  
Dosage Forms ◽  
Oral Solution ◽  
Blood Levels ◽  
Open Label ◽  
Soft Gelatin Capsules ◽  
25 Hydroxy Vitamin D ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> Different dosage forms of vitamin D like tablets, soft gelatin capsules, oral granules, powders, solutions and thin films are available. The objective of the present study was to evaluate and compare the clinical efficacy of three different dosage forms of vitamin D3 namely, orally disintegrating strips, oral granules and oral solution.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> An open label, single centre, prospective, randomized, parallel group, comparative study was conducted for a period of 4 months. The study participants were divided into three groups (A, B, C) and received the respective treatments (orally disintegrating strips, n=20; granules, n=20; oral nano solution, n=10) for the study period. The estimation of blood levels of 25-hydroxy vitamin D [25(OH)D<sub>3</sub>] in all the subjects at day 0, 60 and 120 was carried out.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> The normalization level of 25(OH)D<sub>3 </sub>achieved by the subjects in group A, group B and group C was 100%, 83.3% and 90% respectively after 90 days. Comparison of 25(OH)D<sub>3 </sub>level in all three groups showed significant increase at day 60. The levels were maintained at day 90 and 120 even after drastic reduction in dosage in Group A and group C. On day 120, the dose reduction was in the order of group A&gt;group C&gt;group B.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions: </strong>All the three formulations showed increase in the level of 25(OH)D<sub>3. </sub>It can be concluded that oral disintegrating strips of 25(OH)D<sub>3</sub> are clinically more efficient than other conventional dosage forms.</p>

Molecular Cloning and Characterization of Mx2 for Early Pregnancy Diagnosis in Bubalus bubalis

2018 ◽  
Vol 89 (3) ◽  
pp. 801-814 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kanisht Batra ◽  
Trilok Nanda ◽  
Aman Kumar ◽  
Akhil Kumar Gupta ◽  
Rajni Kumari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Cloning ◽  
Early Pregnancy ◽  
Bubalus Bubalis ◽  
Pregnancy Diagnosis

Novel staging protocol for non-small-cell lung cancers according to MRP-1/CD9 and KAI1/CD82 gene expression.

1998 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 1397-1406 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Adachi ◽  
T Taki ◽  
T Konishi ◽  
C I Huang ◽  
M Higashiyama ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Small Cell ◽  
Nodal Status ◽  
Pcr Analysis ◽  
Significant Prognostic Factor ◽  
Small Cell Lung ◽  
New Classification ◽  
Lung Cancers ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B ◽  
Better Than

PURPOSE The transmembrane-4 superfamily (TM4SF) is a recently discovered family of genes. Of the TM4SF members, MRP-1/CD9, KAI1/CD82, and ME491/CD63 have been reported to modulate tumor progression or metastasis. In this study, we investigated the relationships between these three genes, MRP-1, KAI1, and ME491, in patients with non-small-cell lung cancers (NSCLCs). Moreover, we assessed the prognostic value of evaluating the expressions of MRP-1, KAI1, and ME491 simultaneously in NSCLCs. PATIENTS AND METHODS One hundred seventy-two patients up to stage IIIB NSCLC underwent radical surgery during the period of January 1991 through June 1994. Using a quantitative reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) analysis, we studied the expression of MRP-1, KAI1, and ME491 genes in these patients. RESULTS We found that 109 patients (63.4%) had MRP-1-positive tumors and 42 patients (24.4%) had KAl1-positive tumors. Conversely, all 172 patients expressed ME491. No relationship was found between MRP-1 expression and KAI1 expression. We classified these patients into three groups. The 36 patients who were positive for both MRP-1 and KAI1 were defined as group A; the 79 patients with reduced expression of either MRP-1 or KAI1 were defined as group B, and the remaining 57 patients with reduced expression of both MRP-1 and KAI1 were defined as group C. This new classification was correlated with nodal status, tumor status, and pathologic stage (P = .0056, P = .0003, and P < .0001, respectively). In NSCLC patients, the 5-year survival rate of group A patients was significantly better than that of group B patients and much better than that of group C patients (86.8%, 53.9%, and 31.5%, respectively; P < .0001). Cox multivariate regression analysis showed that this new classification in NSCLCs was a significant prognostic factor, as was the nodal status (P < .0001). CONCLUSION Our results suggest that a low MRP-1 and KAI1 expression by tumors of the lung may be associated with poor prognosis. It is conceivable that the evaluation for MRP-1 and KAI1 expression may identify node-negative lung cancer patients who are at high risk for early disease recurrence, and thus need intensive adjuvant therapy.

scholarly journals Shedding new light on early sex determination in zebrafish

2020 ◽  
Vol 94 (12) ◽  
pp. 4143-4158
Author(s):  
Alex C. King ◽  
Michelle Gut ◽  
Armin K. Zenker
Keyword(s):  
Cytochrome P450 ◽  
Sex Determination ◽  
Pcr Analysis ◽  
Specific Expression ◽  
Related Transcription Factor ◽  
Group B ◽  
Cytochrome P450 Family ◽  
Next Generation Sequencing Ngs ◽  
Female Zebrafish ◽  
Transcription Factor 1

Abstract In contrast to established zebrafish gene annotations, the question of sex determination has still not been conclusively clarified for developing zebrafish, Danio rerio, larvae, 28 dpf or earlier. Recent studies indicate polygenic sex determination (PSD), with the genes being distributed throughout the genome. Early genetic markers of sex in zebrafish help unravel co-founding sex-related differences to apply to human health and environmental toxicity studies. A qPCR-based method was developed for six genes: cytochrome P450, family 17, subfamily A, polypeptide 1 (cyp17a1); cytochrome P450, family 19, subfamily A, polypeptide 1a (cyp19a1a); cytochrome P450, family 19, subfamily A, polypeptides 1b (cyp19a1b); vitellogenin 1 (vtg1); nuclear receptor subfamily 0, group B, member 1 (nr0b1), sry (sex-determining region Y)-box 9b (sox9b) and actin, beta 1 (actb1), the reference gene. Sry-box 9a (Sox9a), insulin-like growth factor 3 (igf3) and double sex and mab-3 related transcription factor 1 (dmrt1), which are also known to be associated with sex determination, were used in gene expression tests. Additionally, Next-Generation-Sequencing (NGS) sequenced the genome of two adult female and male and two juveniles. PCR analysis of adult zebrafish revealed sex-specific expression of cyp17a1, cyp19a1a, vtg1, igf3 and dmrt1, the first four strongly expressed in female zebrafish and the last one highly expressed in male conspecifics. From NGS, nine female and four male-fated genes were selected as novel for assessing zebrafish sex, 28 dpf. Differences in transcriptomes allowed allocation of sex-specific genes also expressed in juvenile zebrafish.

scholarly journals Cytoplasmic Transfer Improves Human Egg Fertilization and Embryo Quality: an Evaluation of Sibling Oocytes in Women with Low Oocyte Quality

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ales Sobek ◽  
Emil Tkadlec ◽  
Eva Klaskova ◽  
Martin Prochazka
Keyword(s):  
Embryo Quality ◽  
Oocyte Quality ◽  
Fertilization Rate ◽  
Early Embryo ◽  
Vitro Fertilization ◽  
Sibling Oocytes ◽  
Fertilization Rates ◽  
Group B ◽  
Cytoplasmic Transfer

Abstract The aim of this study was to evaluate if cytoplasmic transfer can improve fertilization and embryo quality of women with oocytes of low quality. During ICSI, 10–15% of the cytoplasm from a fresh or frozen young donor oocyte was added to the recipient oocyte. According to the embryo quality, we defined group A as patients in which the best embryo was evident after cytoplasmic transfer and group B as patients in which the best embryo was evident after a simple ICSI. We investigated in the period of 2002–2018, 125 in vitro fertilization cycles involving 1011 fertilized oocytes. Five hundred fifty-seven sibling oocytes were fertilized using ICSI only and 454 oocytes with cytoplasmic transfer. Fertilization rates of oocytes were 67.2% in the cytoplasmic transfer and 53.5% in the ICSI groups (P < 0.001). A reduction in fertilization rate was observed with increased women age in the ICSI but not in the cytoplasmic transfer groups. The best embryo quality was found after cytoplasmic transfer in 78 cycles (62.4%) and without cytoplasmic transfer in 40 cycles (32%, P < 0.001). No significant differences were detected between the age, hormonal levels, dose of stimulation drugs, number of transferred embryos, pregnancy rate and abortion rate between A and B groups. Cytoplasmic transfer improves fertilization rates and early embryo development in humans with low oocyte quality. All 28 children resulting from cytoplasmic transfer are healthy.

scholarly journals A one-foetus pregnancy monitored by ultrasonography and progesterone blood levels in a German Shepherd bitch: a case report

2011 ◽  
Vol 56 (No. 1) ◽  
pp. 55-57
Author(s):  
A. Domoslawska ◽  
A. Jurczak ◽  
T. Janowski
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Early Embryo ◽  
Blood Levels ◽  
German Shepherd ◽  
The Real ◽  
Physiological Range ◽  
Embryo Resorption

This case study describes the pregnancy of a German Shepherd bitch with a singleton (one puppy) litter as a result of early embryo resorption. Resorption was confirmed by ultrasonography and the pregnancy was regularly monitored by USG and measurements of progesterone levels until parturition. These levels stayed within the physiological range. One healthy puppy was delivered within the timeframe of a physiological pregnancy although the inner chorionic cavity diameter (ICCD) protocol used for predicting the time of parturition showed divergence from the real time of whelping.

Comparing early embryo mortality in dairy cows during hot and cool seasons of the year

1990 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 314 ◽  
Author(s):  
D.P. Ryan ◽  
J.F. Prichard ◽  
E. Kopel ◽  
R.A. Godke
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Early Embryo ◽  
Embryo Mortality
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