Culture of preantral ovarian follicles in the grey, short-tailed opossum, Monodelphis domestica

1996 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 535 ◽  
Author(s):  
L Butcher ◽  
SL Ullmann
Keyword(s):  
Body Temperature ◽  
Culture System ◽  
New World ◽  
Follicle Stimulating Hormone ◽  
Ovarian Follicles ◽  
Monodelphis Domestica ◽  
The Body ◽  
Follicle Growth ◽  
Marsupial Species

A culture system designed to support the development of individual preantral mouse ovarian follicles has been employed to study follicle growth in the New World marsupial species Monodelphis domestica. Preantral follicles were isolated mechanically and cultured individually in microdrops under oil. Preliminary results indicate that follicle growth was positively correlated to the concentration of follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) provided, with 1.0-1.5 IU FSH mL-1 producing the best results. Incubation at the body temperature of M. domestica (33 degrees C) was found to be preferable to that at 37 degrees C. The culture system was able to support follicle growth; however, despite follicles exceeding the size when antrum formation occurs in vivo, they remained preantral.

Dehydration enhances endotoxin fever by increased production of endogenous pyrogen

1986 ◽  
Vol 251 (1) ◽  
pp. R41-R47 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Morimoto ◽  
N. Murakami ◽  
T. Ono ◽  
T. Watanabe
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Body Temperature ◽  
Prostaglandin E2 ◽  
Intravenous Injection ◽  
Blood Parameters ◽  
Significant Rise ◽  
The Body ◽  
Hypotonic Solution ◽  
Endogenous Pyrogen

The febrile responses in rats to an intravenous injection of the bacterial endotoxin Salmonella typhosa were investigated under normally hydrated and dehydrated conditions. When endotoxin was injected intravenously into the dehydrated rats, a biphasic-patterned fever resulted, whereas in normal rats an intravenous injection of endotoxin did not induce fever. No significant differences in febrile responses to the intravenous endogenous pyrogen (EP), prostaglandin E2, and intracerebroventricular prostaglandin E2 between normal and dehydrated rats were observed. When the blood plasma obtained from rats with endotoxin-induced fever under dehydrated conditions was transferred to the normal rats, a significant rise in the body temperature was induced. The effect of hydration by an administration of the hypotonic solution after dehydration was examined in endotoxin-induced fever and in changes of the basic blood parameters. It is concluded that febrile responses to endotoxin during dehydrated condition are caused by an increased production of EP. The migration of leukocytes from circulation to any other tissue will be an important factor in producing EP under dehydrated conditions. Furthermore, under dehydrated condition, EP may be produced by numerous macrophages in tissues in vivo, where many kinds of leukocytes migrate and exchange signals with each other in developing an immune response.

428. Normal follicle growth and maturation in a three-dimensional in vitro culture system: follicular environment manipulation and assessment of oocyte outcomes

2008 ◽  
Vol 20 (9) ◽  
pp. 108
Author(s):  
K. R. Dunning ◽  
L. K. Akison ◽  
D. L. Russell ◽  
R. J. Norman ◽  
R. L. Robker
Keyword(s):  
Culture System ◽  
Cumulus Cell ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Oocyte Quality ◽  
Metabolic Effects ◽  
Follicle Growth ◽  
Cumulus Expansion ◽  
Follicle Diameter

In vivo, the oocyte matures in a niche environment surrounded by somatic cells, and later in ovarian follicular development, by follicular fluid. Maternal diet influences the environment in which an oocyte matures but the mechanisms by which an altered metabolic profile, such as hyperinsulinemia, affects oocyte quality are not known. We investigated the use of a three dimensional follicle culture system allowing direct manipulation of the follicular environment thus circumventing systemic hormonal and metabolic effects. Secondary follicles (113.4 ± 1.02µm, n = 54) were isolated from mice at d12, encapsulated individually in 2µl of alginate matrix, and cultured in aMEM/5%FCS/10 mIU/mL LH/100 mIU FSH at 37°C/5%CO2, with media sampling and replacement every second day. Following 12 days of culture there was a significant 3-fold increase in follicle diameter (320 ± 10.1µm, n = 51). Histological analysis showed normal follicular morphology and antrum formation. Analysis of oestradiol (15.0ng/mL), androstenedione (7.8ng/mL) and progesterone (23.7ng/mL) in the media at d12 confirmed normal steroidogenesis and differentiation. Treatment of follicles with an ovulatory stimulus (1.5IU/mL hCG/5ng/mL Egf), resulted in cumulus expansion and hyaluronan localising to the cumulus oocyte complex (COC) and follicular basement membrane. These analyses were consistent with follicle growth and induction of ovulation in vivo. Further, COCs isolated from follicles and matured in vitro (IVM) in the presence of Egf and FSH, underwent cumulus expansion (CEI 2.8 ± 0.2) and were capable of fertilisation and blastocyst development. LH did not induce IVM COC expansion (CEI 1.36 ± 0.2), reflecting the normal in vivo differentiation process. However, culturing follicles in high insulin (5ug/mL) led to a significant increase in the degree of IVM cumulus expansion in response to LH (CEI 2.1 ± 0.3) indicating inappropriate cumulus cell differentiation, which may lead to poorer oocyte quality. These results demonstrate that this technique recapitulates normal in vivo folliculogenesis and is useful for manipulation of the follicular environment and assessment of oocyte outcomes.

In Vitro Follicle Growth, Maturation, and Gene Expression: Three-Dimensional (3D) Matrigel Culture versus Two-Dimensional Culture (2D)

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 2512-2515
Author(s):  
Byoung-San Moon ◽  
Seungki Lee ◽  
Jung Kyu Choi
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Ovarian Follicles ◽  
Dimensional System ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Follicle Growth ◽  
Adult Mice ◽  
Three Dimensional Culture

This research aimed to compare the In Vitro growth, maturation, and gene expression in ovarian follicles collected from adult mice (6–8-week-old) between two-dimensional and three-dimensional cultures. First, we confirmed In Vitro follicle growth and maturation using adult mice with outbred characteristics and analyzed the expression of genes related to follicular development. We found that the three-dimensional culture system utilizing a Matrigel drop to create an in vivo-like ovarian microenvironment was more efficient in terms of In Vitro follicle growth, maturation, and gene expression than the two-dimensional system (non-physical environment). The in vivo-like three-dimensional culture of ovarian follicles provides new insights into the physiology and development of ovarian follicle in vivo, thereby contributing to new strategies to improve female fertility.

scholarly journals Development of a Wireless Health Monitoring System for Measuring Core Body Temperature from the Back of the Body

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qun Wei ◽  
Hee-Joon Park ◽  
Jyung Hyun Lee
Keyword(s):  
Body Temperature ◽  
Skin Temperature ◽  
Core Body Temperature ◽  
The Body ◽  
Wireless Health ◽  
Measuring Device ◽  
Temperature Measuring ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Core Body

In this paper, a user-friendly and low-cost wireless health monitoring system that measures skin temperature from the back of the body for monitoring the core body temperature is proposed. To measure skin temperature accurately, a semiconductor-based microtemperature sensor with a maximum accuracy of ±0.3°C was chosen and controlled by a high-performance/low-power consumption Acorn-Reduced Instruction Set Computing Machine (ARM) architecture microcontroller to build the temperature measuring device. Relying on a 2.4 GHz multichannel Gaussian frequency shift keying (GFSK) RF communication technology, up to 100 proposed temperature measuring devices can transmit the data to one receiver at the same time. The shell of the proposed wireless temperature-measuring device was manufactured via a 3D printer, and the device was assembled to conduct the performance tests and in vivo experiments. The performance test was conducted with a K-type temperature sensor in a temperature chamber to observe temperature measurement performance. The results showed an error value between two devices was less than 0.1°C from 25 to 40°C. For the in vivo experiments, the device was attached on the back of 10 younger male subjects to measure skin temperature to investigate the relationship with ear temperature. According to the experimental results, an algorithm based on the curve-fitting method was implemented in the proposed device to estimate the core body temperature by the measured skin temperature value. The algorithm was established as a linear model and set as a quadratic formula with an interpolant and with each coefficient for the equation set with 95% confidence bounds. For evaluating the goodness of fit, the sum of squares due to error (SSE), R-square, adjusted R-square, and root mean square error (RMSE) values were 33.0874, 0.0212, 0.0117, and 0.3998, respectively. As the experimental results have shown, the mean value for an error between ear temperature and estimated core body temperature is about ±0.19°C, and the mean bias is 0.05 ± 0.14°C when the subjects are in steady status.

Leptin and Gaba Interactions on Thermoregulation of Rats

2014 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 20-24 ◽  
Author(s):  
Krassimira S. Yakimova ◽  
Rumen P. Nikolov ◽  
Ivan G. Todorov ◽  
Milen H. Hristov
Keyword(s):  
Body Temperature ◽  
Core Body Temperature ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
The Body ◽  
In Vitro Experiments ◽  
In Vivo Experiments ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
In Vivo Effects

Abstract Leptin inhibits feeding, reduces body weight and increases thermogenesis. Experimental data suggest involvement of GABAergic mechanisms in the regulation of feeding behavior and energy balance. The present study was set to determine the effect of combinations from leptin, GABAB-agonist baclofen and GABAB-antagonist CGP35348 on thermoregulation of male Wistar rats, using in vivo and in vitro experiments. The substances used for in vivo experiments were administered intraperitoneally (i.p.). The measurement of the body temperature was done via thermistor probes (TX8) and monitored on multichannel recorder Iso-Thermex16. In vitro experiments were conducted on rat PO/AH neurons, recorded extracellulary by conventional electrophysiological equipment, using brain slice preparations. The separate intraperitoneal injection of leptin as well as GABAB-antagonist CGP35348 produced significant hyperthermia in rats while the GABAB-agonist baclofen caused a decrease in the core body temperature. The probable synergy between the hyperthermic effects of leptin and GABAB-antagonist did not occur. On the contrary, the effect of this combination was lower as compared to the result of the separate administration of GABAB-antagonist. When leptin was applied just prior to GABAB-agonist baclofen, neither of their separate effects appeared. In vivo effects determined correlated with in vitro changes of firing rate observed in PO/AH neurons. The data from this study provide a new point of view concerning the interactions of leptin and GABA on the level of thermoregulation. These results represent a step forward in understanding the complicated mechanisms involved in thermoregulation.

Numerical Prediction of Heat Transfer Patterns in a Subject-Specific Human Upper Airway

2012 ◽  
Vol 134 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Prihambodo H. Saksono ◽  
Perumal Nithiarasu ◽  
Igor Sazonov
Keyword(s):  
Heat Transfer ◽  
Body Temperature ◽  
Upper Airway ◽  
Heat Transfer Process ◽  
The Body ◽  
In Vivo Measurement ◽  
Flow And Heat Transfer ◽  
Subject Specific ◽  
Specific Geometry

In this paper, the flow and heat transfer patterns in a subject-specific geometry of the human upper airway is numerically studied. The study was conducted for steady, inspiratory flow associated with quiet normal breathing with a tidal volume of VT = 0.5 L/min and flow rate of Q = 250 cm3/s. The numerical results confirmed in vivo measurement that the majority of heat transfer process takes place inside the nasal cavity. It is apparent that even for extreme cases (T∞ = −30 °C and Twall = 37 °C), the inspired air approached the body temperature by the time it passes the distal nasopharyngeal region. The air temperature reached the body temperature by the time it is in the vicinity of the larynx.

scholarly journals Goat ovarian follicles express different levels of mRNA for inhibin-ßA subunit and activin-A stimulates secondary follicle growth in vitro

2012 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
pp. 107-113
Author(s):  
Cintia Camurça Fernandes Leitão ◽  
José Jackson Nascimento Costa ◽  
Márcia Viviane Alves Saraiva ◽  
Valdevane Rocha Araújo ◽  
José Ricardo Figueiredo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Follicle Stimulating Hormone ◽  
Ovarian Follicles ◽  
Activin A ◽  
Fsh Receptor ◽  
Follicle Growth ◽  
Ribonucleic Acids ◽  
Antral Follicles ◽  
Secondary Follicle ◽  
Different Levels

This study investigated the levels of messenger ribonucleic acids (mRNA) for inhibin-ßA subunit in goat primordial, primary and secondary follicles, as well as in cumulus-oocyte complexes (COCs) and mural granulosa / theca cells of antral follicles. The effects of activin-A (100ng mL-1) and/or follicle stimulating hormone (FSH, 50ng mL-1) on growth and expression of mRNA for activin-A and FSH receptor (FSH-R) in secondary follicles cultured for six days were evaluated. The data showed that the expression of inhibin-ßA is lower in secondary follicles than in primary follicles and is higher in large antral follicles than in small antral follicles. After culture, activin-A and/or FSH promoted growth of secondary follicles, while FSH increased the levels of mRNA for inhibin-ßA, and activin-A increased the levels of FSH-R mRNA. In conclusion, mRNA for inhibin-ßA is expressed at different levels in pre-antral and antral follicles and activin-A acts as a stimulator of the FSH-R expression in goat follicles. On its turn, the expression of inhibin-ßA is stimulated by FSH, which together with activin-A promotes secondary follicle growth in-vitro.

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