Plasma and acrosomal membrane lipid content of saltwater crocodile spermatozoa

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. R. Miller ◽  
F. Beranek ◽  
A. L. Anderson ◽  
S. D. Johnston ◽  
B. Nixon
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Content ◽  
Membrane Lipid ◽  
Acrosomal Membrane ◽  
Saltwater Crocodile

scholarly journals Cooling of equine semen at 16°C for 36 hours with addition of different glutathione concentrations

2015 ◽  
Vol 36 (6) ◽  
pp. 3699
Author(s):  
Rodrigo Arruda de Oliveira ◽  
Marco Antônio De Oliveira Viu ◽  
Maria Lúcia Gambarini
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Sperm Motility ◽  
Membrane Integrity ◽  
Membrane Lipid ◽  
Sperm Cells ◽  
Sperm Viability ◽  
Membrane Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Acrosomal Membrane ◽  
In Vitro Effects

Handling equine semen during the refrigeration process reduces sperm viability, and consequently causes membrane lipid peroxidation, among other challenges. The present study aimed to evaluate the in vitro effects of glutathione (control, 1. 0, 1. 5, and 2. 5 mM) on equine semen in a refrigeration protocol of 16ºC for 36 hours. The following variables were evaluated after 0, 12, 24, and 36 hours refrigeration: total sperm motility, vigor, viability, and plasma and acrosomal membrane integrity. Motility was higher with 2. 5mM of glutathione (57. 8 ± 7. 3) after 12 hours of refrigeration compared to the control (53. 2 ± 8. 3) (P < 0. 05). After 36 hours of refrigeration, motility was higher with 1. 5 mM (43. 4 ± 12. 7) and 2. 5mM glutathione (45. 5 ± 6. 2), than it was with 1mM glutathione (38. 2 ± 9) and the control (35. 5 ± 18. 4) (P < 0. 05), respectively. Vigor was highest with 1. 5mM glutathione (3. 7 ± 0. 3) after 36 hours compared to the control (3. 2 ± 1. 1), (P < 0. 05). Viability differed between control and 1mM treatments (79. 5 ± 1. 8) only after 24 hours (75. 5 ± 9. 7) (P < 0. 05). Throughout the investigation, no significant differences were noted in plasma and acrosomal membrane integrity (P > 0. 05). The 1. 5 and 2. 5mM glutathione levels were more efficient in protecting sperm cells and yielded higher total motility values after 36 hours of refrigeration.

Treatment with cyclic adenosine monophosphate modulators prior to in vitro maturation alters the lipid composition and transcript profile of bovine cumulus–oocyte complexes and blastocysts

2018 ◽  
Vol 30 (10) ◽  
pp. 1314 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eduardo M. Razza ◽  
Mateus J. Sudano ◽  
Patricia K. Fontes ◽  
Fernanda F. Franchi ◽  
Katia Roberta A. Belaz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Content ◽  
Lipid Composition ◽  
Transcriptional Profiling ◽  
Ovarian Follicle ◽  
Cyclic Adenosine Monophosphate ◽  
Adenosine Monophosphate ◽  
Cumulus Cells ◽  
Membrane Lipid ◽  
Unsaturated Lipids

Mammalian oocytes resume meiosis spontaneously after removal from the ovarian follicle. We tested the effects of a 2-h prematuration treatment (Pre-IVM) with forskolin (FSK) and 3-isobutyl-1-methylxanthine (IBMX) in bovine cumulus–oocyte complexes (COCs) on the lipid content of oocytes and blastocysts, on the membrane lipid composition of blastocysts and on the transcriptional profiling of cumulus cells and blastocysts in a high-throughput platform. Embryonic development rates to the morula (mean 56.1%) or blastocyst (mean 26.3%) stages were unaffected by treatment. Lipid content was not affected after Pre-IVM, but was increased after IVM in treated oocytes. Conversely, the lipid content was reduced in Pre-IVM blastocysts. Pre-IVM COCs generated blastocysts containing blastomeres with more unsaturated lipids in their membranes. Pre-IVM also altered the relative abundance of 31 gene transcripts after 2 h and 16 transcripts after 24 h in cumulus cells, while seven transcripts were altered in blastocysts. Our results suggest that the Pre-IVM treatment affected the lipid composition and transcriptional profiles of COCs and blastocysts. Therefore, Pre-IVM with FSK and IBMX could be used either to prevent spontaneous meiotic resumption during IVM or to modulate lipid composition in the membrane and cytoplasm of blastocysts, potentially improving bovine embryos.

scholarly journals 1275. Dynamics of Enterococcus faecalis Cardiolipin Synthase Gene Expression Reveal Compensatory Roles in Daptomycin Resistance

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S726-S726
Author(s):  
April Nguyen ◽  
Vinathi Polamraju ◽  
Rutan Zhang ◽  
Truc T Tran ◽  
Diana Panesso ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Lipid Content ◽  
Parent Strain ◽  
Expression Profiles ◽  
Membrane Lipid ◽  
Research Support ◽  
Acridine Orange Staining ◽  
Qrt Pcr ◽  
Study Gene Expression ◽  
Cardiolipin Synthase

Abstract Background Daptomycin (DAP) is a lipopeptide antibiotic targeting membrane anionic phospholipids (APLs) at the division septum, and resistance (DAP-R) has been associated with activation of the E. faecalis (Efs) LiaFSR response and redistribution of APL microdomains (predicted to contain cardiolipin) away from the septum. Efs encodes two putative cardiolipin synthase genes, cls1 and cls2. While changes in Cls1 are associated with DAP-R, the exact roles of each enzyme in resistance are unknown. This work aims to establish the contributions for both enzymes in the development of DAP-R. Methods cls1 and cls2 were deleted individually and in tandem from Efs OG117∆liaX (a DAP-R strain with an activated LiaFSR response). Mutants were characterized by DAP minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) using E-test and localization of APL microdomains with 10-N-nonyl-acridine orange staining. Quantitative PCR (qRT-PCR) was used to study gene expression profiles of cls1 and cls2 in Efs OG117∆liaX relative to Efs OG117. Membrane lipid content was analyzed using hydrophilic interaction chromatography-mass spectrometry (HILIC-MS). Results cls1 was highly upregulated in stationary phase concurrent with a decrease in cls2 expression. However, independent deletion of cls1 or cls2 in the DAP-R background resulted in no significant phenotypic changes from the parent strain. Interestingly, qRT-PCR showed that cls2 expression was upregulated upon deletion of cls1 (and vice-versa), suggesting a compensatory role for one enzyme upon deletion of the other (Fig 1). When comparing membrane lipid content between Efs OG117∆liaX∆cls1 and Efs OG117∆liaX∆cls2, there were no significant differences in both the overall amount or species of cardiolipin generated, further supporting a potential redundancy between the cardiolipin synthases (Fig 2). Ultimately, double deletion of both cls genes lowered the DAP MIC relative to the parent strain and restored septal localization of APL microdomains. Conclusion Overall, Cls1 has a predominant role in the development of DAP-R in E. faecalis. However, here, we describe a novel compensatory role for Cls2 under conditions in which there is no functional Cls1 to maintain the DAP-R phenotype. Disclosures Truc T. Tran, PharmD, Merck (Grant/Research Support) Cesar A. Arias, M.D., MSc, Ph.D., FIDSA, Entasis Therapeutics (Grant/Research Support)MeMed Diagnostics (Grant/Research Support)Merk (Grant/Research Support)

Changes in intact membrane lipid content of archaeal cells as an indication of metabolic status

2010 ◽  
Vol 41 (9) ◽  
pp. 930-934 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carme Huguet ◽  
Hidetoshi Urakawa ◽  
Willm Martens-Habbena ◽  
Laura Truxal ◽  
David A. Stahl ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Content ◽  
Membrane Lipid ◽  
Metabolic Status ◽  
Intact Membrane

Dependence of erythrocyte hemolysis under gramicidin S action on their membrane lipid content

2008 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 183-186
Author(s):  
Adiba Al Amush Khalaf Fadela ◽  
Evgen Perskiy ◽  
Volodymir Berest ◽  
Nataliya Bulankina ◽  
Sergiy Gatash
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Content ◽  
Membrane Lipid ◽  
Erythrocyte Hemolysis ◽  
Gramicidin S

scholarly journals Temporal changes in plasma membrane lipid content induce endocytosis to regulate developmental epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael L. Piacentino ◽  
Erica J. Hutchins ◽  
Cecelia J. Andrews ◽  
Marianne E. Bronner
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Plasma Membrane ◽  
Neural Crest ◽  
Lipid Content ◽  
Epithelial To Mesenchymal Transition ◽  
Membrane Lipid ◽  
Bmp Signaling ◽  
Membrane Function ◽  
Mesenchymal Transition ◽  
Plasma Membrane Lipid

AbstractEpithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a dramatic change in cellular physiology during development and metastasis which involves coordination between cell signaling, adhesion, and membrane protrusions. These processes all involve dynamic changes in the plasma membrane, yet how membrane lipid content regulates membrane function during developmental EMT remains incompletely understood. By screening for differential expression of lipid-modifying genes over the course of EMT in avian neural crest, we have identified the ceramide-producing enzyme neutral sphingomyelinase 2 (nSMase2) as a critical regulator of a developmental EMT. nSMase2 expression begins at the onset of EMT, and in vivo knockdown experiments demonstrate that nSMase2 is necessary for neural crest migration. Further, we find that nSMase2 promotes Wnt and BMP signaling, and is required to activate the mesenchymal gene expression program. Mechanistically, we show that nSMase2 is sufficient to induce endocytosis, and that inhibition of endocytosis mimics nSMase2 knockdown. Our results support a model in which nSMase2 is expressed at the onset of neural crest EMT to produce ceramide and induce membrane curvature, thus increasing endocytosis of Wnt and BMP signaling complexes and activating pro-migratory gene expression. These results highlight the critical role of plasma membrane lipid metabolism in regulating transcriptional changes during developmental EMT programs.

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