Elevated blood urea nitrogen alters the transcriptome of equine embryos

2020 ◽  
Vol 32 (16) ◽  
pp. 1239 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yatta Linhares Boakari ◽  
Hossam El-Sheikh Ali ◽  
Pouya Dini ◽  
Shavahn Loux ◽  
Claudia Barbosa Fernandes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Embryo Development ◽  
Blood Urea Nitrogen ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Normal Embryo ◽  
Urea Nitrogen ◽  
Urea Treatment ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Embryo Recovery ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Elevated Blood Urea Nitrogen

High blood urea nitrogen (BUN) in cows and ewes has a negative effect on embryo development; however, no comparable studies have been published in mares. The aims of the present study were to evaluate the effects of high BUN on blastocoele fluid, systemic progesterone and Day 14 equine embryos. When a follicle with a mean (±s.e.m.) diameter of 25±3mm was detected, mares were administered urea (0.4g kg−1) with sweet feed and molasses (n=9) or sweet feed and molasses alone (control; n=10). Blood samples were collected every other day. Mares were subjected to AI and the day ovulation was detected was designated as Day 0. Embryos were collected on Day 14 (urea-treated, n=5 embryos; control, n=7 embryos). There was an increase in systemic BUN in the urea-treated group compared with control (P<0.05), with no difference in progesterone concentrations. There were no differences between the two groups in embryo recovery or embryo size. Urea concentrations in the blastocoele fluid tended to be higher in the urea-treated mares, with a strong correlation with plasma BUN. However, there was no difference in the osmolality or pH of the blastocoele fluid between the two groups. Differentially expressed genes in Day 14 embryos from urea-treated mares analysed by RNA sequencing were involved in neurological development, urea transport, vascular remodelling and adhesion. In conclusion, oral urea treatment in mares increased BUN and induced transcriptome changes in Day 14 equine embryos of genes important in normal embryo development.

scholarly journals Defective ADP-Induced Platelet Factor 3 Activation in Uremia

Blood ◽  
1967 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
pp. 331-340 ◽  
Author(s):  
HERBERT I. HOROWITZ ◽  
BURTON D. COHEN ◽  
PABLO MARTINEZ ◽  
MITSU F. PAPAYOANOU
Keyword(s):  
Blood Urea Nitrogen ◽  
Platelet Rich Plasma ◽  
Elevated Blood ◽  
Platelet Factor ◽  
Urea Nitrogen ◽  
Guanidinosuccinic Acid ◽  
Elevated Blood Urea Nitrogen ◽  
Abnormal Results

Abstract A test for platelet thromboplastic function measuring the activation of platelet factor 3 on incubation of ADP with citrated platelet-rich plasma has been standardized in terms of ADP and platelet concentrations, and amount of agitation, to give sensitive and reproducible results. Abnormal results have been found in patients with elevated blood urea nitrogen; the abnormality is due to a plasma inhibitor and is reversible on the addition of small amounts of calcium. Guanidinosuccinic acid, a newly described metabolite found in the urine of patients with azotemia, also inhibits ADP-induced platelet factor 3 activation. The properties of guanidinosuccinic acid and the uremic inhibitor so far studied suggest that they may be identical.

Elevated Blood Urea Nitrogen: An Aid to the Diagnosis of Intraperitoneal Rupture of the Bladder

1979 ◽  
Vol 122 (6) ◽  
pp. 741-743 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pravin M. Shah ◽  
Kyu-Hwan Kim ◽  
Gerhart Ramirez-Schon ◽  
Benedict M. Reynolds
Keyword(s):  
Blood Urea Nitrogen ◽  
Elevated Blood ◽  
Urea Nitrogen ◽  
Intraperitoneal Rupture ◽  
Rupture Of The Bladder ◽  
Elevated Blood Urea Nitrogen

Elevated Blood Urea Nitrogen (BUN) Levels in Goldfish as an Indicator of Gill Dysfunction

1999 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 52-60 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keith Nelson ◽  
Jennifer Jones ◽  
Suzanne Jacobson ◽  
Renate Reimschuessel
Keyword(s):  
Blood Urea Nitrogen ◽  
Elevated Blood ◽  
Urea Nitrogen ◽  
Elevated Blood Urea Nitrogen

scholarly journals Elevated blood urea nitrogen is associated with recurrence of post-operative chronic subdural hematoma

BMC Neurology ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ning Wang ◽  
Jiangnan Hu ◽  
Anthony Oppong-Gyebi ◽  
Xuanhao Zhu ◽  
Yihao Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Urea Nitrogen ◽  
Subdural Hematoma ◽  
Chronic Subdural Hematoma ◽  
Recurrence Risk ◽  
Urea Nitrogen ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Post Operation ◽  
Laboratory Investigations ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Elevated Blood Urea Nitrogen

Abstract Background Chronic subdural hematoma (CSDH) is fundamentally treatable with about a 2–31% recurrence rate. Recently, there has been renewed interest in the association between Blood Urea Nitrogen (BUN) and intracranial lesion. Therefore, this paper attempts to show the relationship between BUN and CSDH recurrence. Methods A total of 653 CSDH cases with Burr-hole Irrigation (BHI) were enrolled from December 2014 to April 2019. The analyzed parameters included age, gender, comorbidities, laboratory investigations, medication use and hematoma location. The cases were divided into recurrence and non-recurrence groups while postoperative BUN concentration was further separated into quartiles (Q1 ≤ 4.0 mmol/L, 4.0 < Q2 ≤ 4.9 mmol/L, 4.9 < Q3 ≤ 6.4 mmol/L, Q4 > 6.4 mmol/L). Restricted cubic spline regressions and logistic regression models were performed to estimate the effect of BUN on CSDH recurrence. Results CSDH recurrence was observed in 96 (14.7%) cases. Significant distinctions were found between recurrence and non-recurrence groups in postoperative BUN quartiles of cases (P = 0.003). After adjusting for the potential confounders, the odds ratio of recurrence was 3.069 (95%CI =1.488–6.330, p = 0.002) for the highest quartile of BUN compared with the lowest quartile. In multiple-adjusted spline regression, a high BUN level visually showed a significantly high OR value of recurrence risk. Conclusions Elevated BUN at post-operation is significantly associated with the recurrence of CSDH, and it is indicated that high levels of serum BUN after evacuation may serve as a risk factor for CSDH recurrence.

scholarly journals Elevated Blood Urea Nitrogen are associated with Recurrence of post-operative Chronic Subdural Hematoma

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ning Wang ◽  
Jiangnan Hu ◽  
Anthony Oppong-Gyebi ◽  
Xuanhao Zhu ◽  
Yihao Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Urea Nitrogen ◽  
Subdural Hematoma ◽  
Chronic Subdural Hematoma ◽  
Recurrence Risk ◽  
Urea Nitrogen ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Post Operation ◽  
Laboratory Investigations ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Elevated Blood Urea Nitrogen

Abstract BACKGROUND Chronic subdural hematoma (CSDH) is fundamentally treatable with about 2-31% recurrence rate. Recently, there has been renewed interest in the association between Blood Urea Nitrogen (BUN) and intracranial lesion. Therefore, this paper attempts to show the relationship between BUN and CSDH recurrence. METHODS A total of 661 CSDH cases with Burr-hole Irrigation (BHI) were enrolled from December 2014 to April 2019. The analyzed parameters included age, gender, comorbidities, laboratory investigations, medication use and hematoma location. The cases were divided into recurrence and non-recurrence groups while postoperative BUN concentration was further separated into quartiles (Q1 ≤ 4.0 mmol/L, 4.0 < Q2 ≤ 4.9 mmol/L, 4.9 < Q2 ≤ 6.4 mmol/L, Q4 > 6.4 mmol/L). Restricted cubic spline regressions and logistic regression models were performed to estimate the effect of BUN on CSDH recurrence. RESULTS CSDH recurrence was observed in 97(14.8%) cases. Significant distinctions were observed between recurrence and non-recurrence groups in BUN quartiles of cases ( P =0.004). After adjusting for the potential confounders, the odds ratio of recurrence was 3.124 (95%CI =1.509–6.468, p = 0.002) for the highest quartile of BUN compared with the lowest quartile. In multiple-adjusted spline regression, high BUN level visually showed significantly high OR value of recurrence risk. CONCLUSIONS Elevated BUN at post-operation is significantly associated with the recurrence of CSDH, and it is indicated that high levels of serum BUN after evacuation may be served as a risk factor for CSDH recurrence.

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