Establishment and comparison of different intrauterine adhesion modelling procedures in rats

2019 ◽  
Vol 31 (8) ◽  
pp. 1360 ◽  
Author(s):  
Li Sun ◽  
Siwen Zhang ◽  
Qiyuan Chang ◽  
Jichun Tan
Keyword(s):  
Animal Model ◽  
Interleukin 6 ◽  
Mechanical Injury ◽  
The Other ◽  
Collagen I ◽  
Rat Uterus ◽  
Cytokeratin 18 ◽  
Vimentin Expression ◽  
Intrauterine Adhesion ◽  
Modelling Procedure

Intrauterine adhesion (IUA) is caused by endometrial damage and leads to the formation of scar fibrosis and repair disorders. We compared four different rat IUA modelling procedures in order to establish a stable animal model suitable for investigating IUA. Twenty female Sprague­–Dawley rats were randomly divided into four groups. IUA was induced on one side of each rat uterus by ethanol instillation, heat stripping, mechanical injury or mechanical injury with infection (dual-injury); the other side of the uterus was left intact as a control. After 8 days the rats were sacrificed, their uteri were examined for histomorphology and expression of endometrial markers was checked using immunohistochemistry. All four IUA modelling procedures resulted in visual pathophysiological changes in the rat uterus, including stenosis, congestion and loss of elasticity. Endometrial thinning, shrinkage of glands and formation of fibrotic hyperplasia were also observed. All four procedures resulted in the downregulation of cytokeratin 18 and vimentin expression compared with control tissues, as well as the upregulation of collagen I expression. After mechanical injury and dual-injury the expression of interleukin 6 was significantly increased. Overall, our results suggest that ethanol instillation is the most stable IUA modelling procedure. Mechanical injury reliably yielded inflammatory indicators.

Detection and Assessment of Interleukin 6 in Irreversible Pulp Inflamation

2017 ◽  
Vol 68 (2) ◽  
pp. 323-327
Author(s):  
Cristian Levente Giuroiu ◽  
Maria Vataman ◽  
Gabriel Melian ◽  
Dragos Bularda ◽  
Ludmila Lozneanu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dental Caries ◽  
Interleukin 6 ◽  
Dental Pulp ◽  
The Other ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Pulp Tissue ◽  
Immunohistochemical Technique ◽  
Systemic Distribution ◽  
Cell Zone

The study aimed to assess the number, localization and distribution of interleukin 6 (IL-6) positive cells in healthy pulp, acute and chronic pulpitis. The study group included 48 patients aged between 18-72, treated in University of Medicine and Pharmacy Grigore T. Popa Iasi, Romania. The pulpectomy was performed on 42 patients diagnosed with acute and chronic pulpitis. The other 6 patients, without signs of dental caries or periodontal disease, were submitted to extractions of teeth for orthodontic purposes, with pulpectomy performed before extraction. The pulp samples were examined with optic microscope. The detection and assessment of IL-6 were performed using immunohistochemical technique. Data were statistically analysed using non-parametric tests. According to morphopathological criteria, 42.85% were classified as acute pulpitis and 57.14% as chronic pulpitis. The pulp samples in control group were not associated with IL-6 positive cells. The analysis of all samples with acute and chronic pulpitis identified 73.80% samples with IL-6 and 26.20% associated with the absence of IL-6. The highest frequency of IL-6 positive cells was recorded in rich-cell zone of crown dental pulp. The systemic distribution of IL-6 positive cells was mostly diffused without well-defined orientation. IL-6 release in acute and chronic pulpitis is significantly higher comparing with healthy pulp tissue.

scholarly journals Evaluation of an in vivo model for ventricular shunt infection: a pilot study using a novel antimicrobial-loaded polymer

2019 ◽  
Vol 131 (2) ◽  
pp. 587-595 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rajiv R. Iyer ◽  
Noah Gorelick ◽  
Karen Carroll ◽  
Ari M. Blitz ◽  
Sarah Beck ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Animal Model ◽  
Experimental Animal ◽  
Control Animal ◽  
Shunt Infection ◽  
The Other ◽  
Neurological Deficits ◽  
In Vivo Model ◽  
Ventricular Catheter ◽  
Catheter Implantation

OBJECTIVEVentricular shunt infection remains an issue leading to high patient morbidity and cost, warranting further investigation. The authors sought to create an animal model of shunt infection that could be used to evaluate possible catheter modifications and innovations.METHODSThree dogs underwent bilateral ventricular catheter implantation and inoculation with methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus). In 2 experimental animals, the catheters were modified with a polymer containing chemical “pockets” loaded with vancomycin. In 1 control animal, the catheters were polymer coated but without antibiotics. Animals were monitored for 9 to 11 days, after which the shunts were explanted. MRI was performed after shunt implantation and prior to catheter harvest. The catheters were sonicated prior to microbiological culture and also evaluated by electron microscopy. The animals’ brains were evaluated for histopathology.RESULTSAll animals underwent successful catheter implantation. The animals developed superficial wound infections, but no neurological deficits. Imaging demonstrated ventriculitis and cerebral edema. Harvested catheters from the control animal demonstrated > 104 colony-forming units (CFUs) of S. aureus. In the first experimental animal, one shunt demonstrated > 104 CFUs of S. aureus, but the other demonstrated no growth. In the second experimental animal, one catheter demonstrated no growth, and the other grew trace S. aureus. Brain histopathology revealed acute inflammation and ventriculitis in all animals, which was more severe in the control.CONCLUSIONSThe authors evaluated an animal model of ventricular shunting and reliably induced features of shunt infection that could be microbiologically quantified. With this model, investigation of pathophysiological and imaging correlates of infection and potentially beneficial shunt catheter modifications is possible.

Mucosal Regeneration of the Maxillary Sinus after Surgery

1989 ◽  
Vol 101 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-37 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael S. Benninger ◽  
Bruce A. Sebek ◽  
Howard L. Levine
Keyword(s):  
Animal Model ◽  
Maxillary Sinus ◽  
Chronic Inflammation ◽  
The Other ◽  
Histologic Examination ◽  
Ciliated Epithelium ◽  
Mucociliary Transport ◽  
Mucosal Regeneration ◽  
Acute And Chronic Inflammation ◽  
Sinus Mucosa

The postsurgical effects of the removal of the maxillary sinus mucosa were studied in an animal model. Ten rabbits underwent Caldwell-Luc procedures with the removal of all the maxillary sinus mucosa from one sinus, while the other sinus in each animal was used as a control. After allowing time for postsurgical healing, animals were examined for mucociliary transport and sections for histologic examination were obtained. Respiratory ciliated epithelium was present in seven of the postsurgical sinuses. Marked increases in acute and chronic inflammation, granulation, fibrosis, and ulcerations were noted.

scholarly journals Overnight variations in cortisol, interleukin 6, tumour necrosis factor α and other cytokines in people with rheumatoid arthritis

2008 ◽  
Vol 68 (1) ◽  
pp. 63-68 ◽  
Author(s):  
M G Perry ◽  
J R Kirwan ◽  
D S Jessop ◽  
L P Hunt
Keyword(s):  
Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽  
Interleukin 6 ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Tumour Necrosis ◽  
Geometric Mean ◽  
The Other ◽  
Tumour Necrosis Factor Α ◽  
Random Coefficient Model ◽  
Factor Α ◽  
Necrosis Factor

Objective:To investigate overnight variations in absolute values and patterns of cytokines including interleukin 6 (IL6) and tumour necrosis factor α (TNFα) in rheumatoid arthritis (RA), and to relate any changes to those occurring in blood cortisol.Methods:A total of 16 people (8 female) with active RA and who had received no recent glucocorticoids were admitted overnight. Blood samples were obtained at 13 time points between 21.00 and 10.00.Results:The geometric mean IL6 concentration rose significantly from 35 pg/ml at 22:00 to 64 pg/ml at 07:15 (repeated measures analysis of variance (ANOVA), p<0.001). The geometric mean cortisol concentration rose significantly overnight from 57 ng/ml at 01:00 to 229 ng/ml at 07:15 (repeated measures ANOVA, p<0.001). Neither TNFα nor the other cytokines measured changed significantly. Using cubic regression modelling IL6 began to rise before cortisol (range 0.01 to 4.83 h) in eight participants and after cortisol (range 1.11 to 5.14 h) in three participants. In a random coefficient model including data from all participants, the estimated mean IL6 value began to rise 3.05 h before the estimated mean cortisol value, with the IL6 peak occurring 0.70 h before the cortisol peak.Conclusion:The mean IL6 and cortisol concentrations showed a significant overnight variation. Neither TNFα nor the other cytokines measured changed significantly. In a random coefficient model IL6 began to rise approximately 3 h, and reached a peak about 40 min, before cortisol. These studies confirm that there are abnormalities in plasma cortisol and IL6 concentrations and dynamics. The data also link the overnight rise in IL6 to the circadian variation in symptoms.

scholarly journals A NEUTROPHIL-DEPENDENT PATHWAY FOR THE GENERATION OF A NEUTRAL PEPTIDE MEDIATOR

1974 ◽  
Vol 140 (3) ◽  
pp. 812-824 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bruce U. Wintroub ◽  
Edward J. Goetzl ◽  
K. Frank Austen
Keyword(s):  
Guinea Pig ◽  
Subcellular Fraction ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
The Other ◽  
Heat Inactivation ◽  
Guinea Pig Ileum ◽  
Rat Uterus ◽  
Deficient Patient ◽  
Dependent Pathway ◽  
Neutral Peptide

A biologically active neutral peptide mediator is cleaved from a plasma protein substrate by an α-1-antitrypsin-inhibitable serine protease apparently residing on the membrane of the human neutrophil. The peptide mediator has an approximate mol wt of 1,000, and is distinguished from the kinin peptides by a neutral isoelectric point, susceptibility to inactivation by trypsin as well as chymotrypsin and activity on the isolated, atropinized, and antihistamine-treated guinea pig ileum with relatively little action on the estrous rat uterus. The neutrophil protease is fully inhibitable by DFP, trypsin inhibitors from lima or soy bean, and α-1-antitrypsin and is associated with the high mol wt fragments of the neutrophil and not the nuclear, lysosomal, or cytoplasmic subcellular fraction. The substrate has an approximate mol wt of 90,000 and is chromatographically separable from kininogen. The exquisite sensitivity of the neutrophil protease to α-1-antitrypsin was established both by inhibition with highly purified α-1-antitrypsin and by the inability of the protease to generate detectable neutral peptide in a homozygous (ZZ) α-1-antitrypsin-deficient patient without heat inactivation of the residual inhibitor. On the other hand, plasma from a (null) α-1-antitrypsin-deficient patient supported neutral peptide generation and revealed an additional factor which inactivated neutral peptide.

scholarly journals Application of Cornelian Cherry Iridoid-Polyphenolic Fraction and Loganic Acid to Reduce Intraocular Pressure

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dorota Szumny ◽  
Tomasz Sozański ◽  
Alicja Z. Kucharska ◽  
Wojciech Dziewiszek ◽  
Narcyz Piórecki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Animal Model ◽  
Intraocular Pressure ◽  
Chemical Compounds ◽  
Hypotensive Effect ◽  
The Other ◽  
Cornelian Cherry ◽  
Cornus Mas ◽  
Strongly Connected ◽  
Main Components ◽  
New Zealand Rabbits

One of the most common diseases of old age in modern societies is glaucoma. It is strongly connected with increased intraocular pressure (IOP) and could permanently damage vision in the affected eye. As there are only a limited number of chemical compounds that can decrease IOP as well as blood flow in eye vessels, the up-to-date investigation of new molecules is important. The chemical composition of the dried Cornelian cherry (Cornus masL.) polar,iridoid-polyphenol-rich fraction was investigated. Loganic acid (50%) and pelargonidin-3-galactoside (7%) were found as the main components. Among the other constituents, iridoid compound cornuside and the anthocyans cyanidin 3-O-galactoside, cyanidin 3-O-robinobioside, and pelargonidin 3-O-robinobioside were quantified in the fraction. In an animal model (New Zealand rabbits), the influence of loganic acid and the polyphenolic fraction isolated from Cornelian cherry fruit was investigated. We found a strong IOP-hypotensive effect for a 0.7% solution of loganic acid, which could be compared with the widely ophthalmologically used timolol. About a 25% decrease in IOP was observed within the first 3 hours of use.

scholarly journals Leptin Inhibit the Effect of Pioglitazone in Reducing MMP-9 and MMP-13 of IL-1β-Induced Chondrocytes

1970 ◽  
pp. 12
Author(s):  
Rena Normasari ◽  
Anis Murniati
Keyword(s):  
Animal Model ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Joint Pain ◽  
The Other ◽  
Leptin Resistance ◽  
Main Risk Factor ◽  
Common Cause ◽  
Ppar Γ

Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most common cause of joint pain, but there’s still no satisfying treatment that can inhibit degradation of articular cartilage in OA. One approach that is being widely studied is through activation of PPAR-γ. Many studies have shown effect of PPAR-γ on OA either in vitro or in vivo in animal model. On the other hand, the main risk factor of OA is obesity. Obesity generally followed by increased of leptin level due to leptin resistance. The aim of this study is to examine the effect of pioglitazone as PPAR-γ agonist in reducing the level of MMP-9 and MMP-13 in OA chondrocyte with hyperleptinemia. MMP-9 and MMP-13 are key role enzymes that degrades cartilage in OA. This study use IL-1β-induced chondrocyte exposed to pioglitazone. Pioglitazone 0,1μM, 1μM, and 10μM reduce MMP-9 and MMP-13 level. Whereas pioglitazone together with leptin 10μg/ml reduce the decrease level of MMPs compared to the group without leptin. Leptin inhibit the effect of pioglitazone in reducing the level of MMPs.Keywords: OA, leptin, pioglitazone, MMP-9, MMP-13

scholarly journals New bradykinin analogues acylated on the N-terminus: effect on rat uterus and blood pressure.

2007 ◽  
Vol 54 (1) ◽  
pp. 193-198 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olga Labudda ◽  
Tomasz Wierzba ◽  
Dariusz Sobolewski ◽  
Małgorzata Sleszyńska ◽  
Łukasz Gawiński ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
The Other ◽  
Rat Uterus ◽  
Rat Blood ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
N Terminus ◽  
Pressure Lowering ◽  
Bradykinin Analogues ◽  
Group D

Our previous studies suggested that acylation of the N-terminus of several known B2 antagonists with various kinds of bulky acyl groups consistently improved their antagonistic potency in rat blood pressure assay. On the other hand, our earlier observations also seemed to suggest that the effects of acylation on the contractility of isolated rat uterus depended substantially on the chemical character of the acyl group, as we observed that this modification might either change the range of antagonism or even transform it into agonism. Bearing all this in mind, we decided to synthesize seven new analogues of bradykinin by N-terminal acylation with various acyl groups of a moderately potent B2 antagonist, previously synthesized by Stewart's group, D-Arg-Arg-Pro-Hyp-Gly-Thr-Ser-D-Phe-Thi-Arg. The analogues were tested in vitro for their blood pressure-lowering and uterotonic activities. The modifications either preserved or increased the antagonistic potency in the rat blood pressure test. On the other hand, all seven substituents negatively influenced the interaction with the rat uterine receptors. Our results may be helpful for designing new B2 agonists and antagonists.

In Vitro Platelet Binding Compared with In Vivo Thrombus Imaging Using αIIbβ3-Targeted Radioligands

1998 ◽  
Vol 80 (11) ◽  
pp. 845-851 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jan Romano ◽  
Alan Maurer ◽  
Linda Knight
Keyword(s):  
Animal Model ◽  
The Other ◽  
Organ Distribution ◽  
Pulmonary Emboli ◽  
Binding Studies ◽  
Platelet Binding ◽  
Αiibβ3 Integrin ◽  
Surprising Finding

SummaryRadioligands for the αIIbβ3 integrin on platelets are being studied for their ability to image venous thrombi and pulmonary emboli. One such radioligand, 123I-bitistatin, was previously shown to have higher thrombotic uptake in an animal model than other disintegrins, but the reason for this difference was not clear. The purpose of this study was to evaluate three labeled disintegrins, bitistatin, kistrin and barbourin, to look for in vitro differences in platelet binding which could explain the in vivo behavior.Disintegrins labeled with 125I were compared in vitro for extent of binding to platelets and rates of binding and dissociation. These findings were related to organ distribution and image quality for imaging thrombotic lesions, following administration of 123I-disintegrins in an animal model. Fibrinogen at 8.8 μmol/l was able to displace 125Ibarbourin and 125I-kistrin more rapidly from ADP-stimulated platelets, with half-times of 3.5 and 10.7 min, compared with 125I-bitistatin (31.6 min). At equivalent concentrations in whole blood, a higher percentage of bitistatin bound to platelets compared with the other two. In vivo, kistrin and barbourin had significantly lower thrombus:muscle and pulmonary embolus:lung ratios in images compared with bitistatin. There was evidence of more metabolic deiodination of labeled kistrin and barbourin in vivo compared with bitistatin. A surprising finding was that conventional in vitro platelet binding studies did not predict the relative in vivo behavior of labeled disintegrins.The results suggest that labeled bitistatin has improved targeting of thrombi because it is less easily displaced from stimulated platelets, permitting longer lesion retention. It also appears to have a greater association with resting platelets in the blood, which may increase bioavailability and delay metabolic breakdown.

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