scholarly journals MRL/MpJ mice produce more oocytes and exhibit impaired fertilisation and accelerated luteinisation after superovulation treatment

2019 ◽  
Vol 31 (4) ◽  
pp. 760
Author(s):  
Marina Hosotani ◽  
Osamu Ichii ◽  
Teppei Nakamura ◽  
Md Abdul Masum ◽  
Yuki Otani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Extracellular Matrix ◽  
Wound Healing ◽  
Reproductive System ◽  
Reproductive Hormones ◽  
Corpora Lutea ◽  
Biological Processes ◽  
Female Reproductive System ◽  
Formation Stage ◽  
Fertilisation Rate ◽  
Extracellular Matrix Remodelling

MRL/MpJ mice exhibit distinct phenotypes in several biological processes, including wound healing. Herein we report two unique phenotypes in the female reproductive system of MRL/MpJ mice that affect ovulation and luteinisation. We found that superovulation treatment resulted in the production of significantly more oocytes in MRL/MpJ than C57BL/6 mice (71.0±13.4 vs 26.8±2.8 respectively). However, no exon mutations were detected in genes coding for female reproductive hormones or their receptors in MRL/MpJ mice. In addition, the fertilisation rate was lower for ovulated oocytes from MRL/MpJ than C57BL/6 mice, with most of the fertilised oocytes showing abnormal morphology, characterised by deformation and cytolysis. Histological tracing of luteinisation showed that MRL/MpJ mice formed corpora lutea within 36h after ovulation, whereas C57BL/6 mice were still at the corpora haemorrhagica formation stage after 36h. The balance between the expression of matrix metalloproteinases and their tissue inhibitors shifted towards the former earlier after ovulation in MRL/MpJ than C57BL/6 mice. This result indicates a possible link between accelerated extracellular matrix remodelling in the ovulated or ruptured follicles and luteinisation in MRL/MpJ mice. Together, these findings reveal novel phenotypes in MRL/MpJ mice that provide novel insights into reproductive biology.

scholarly journals Dynamic expression of MMP28 during cranial morphogenesis

2020 ◽  
Vol 375 (1809) ◽  
pp. 20190559 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nadege Gouignard ◽  
Eric Theveneau ◽  
Jean-Pierre Saint-Jeannet
Keyword(s):  
Extracellular Matrix ◽  
Wound Healing ◽  
Neural Crest ◽  
Large Family ◽  
Tail Bud ◽  
Dynamic Expression ◽  
The Family ◽  
Extracellular Matrix Remodelling ◽  
And Migration ◽  
Human And Mouse

Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are a large family of proteases comprising 24 members in vertebrates. They are well known for their extracellular matrix remodelling activity. MMP28 is the latest member of the family to be discovered. It is a secreted MMP involved in wound healing, immune system maturation, cell survival and migration. MMP28 is also expressed during embryogenesis in human and mouse. Here, we describe the detailed expression profile of MMP28 in Xenopus laevis embryos. We show that MMP28 is expressed maternally and accumulates at neurula and tail bud stages specifically in the cranial placode territories adjacent to migrating neural crest cells. As a secreted MMP, MMP28 may be required in neural crest–placode interactions. This article is part of a discussion meeting issue ‘Contemporary morphogenesis’.

scholarly journals Dynamic expression of MMP28 during cranial morphogenesis

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nadege Gouignard ◽  
Eric Theveneau ◽  
Jean-Pierre Saint-Jeannet
Keyword(s):  
Extracellular Matrix ◽  
Wound Healing ◽  
Immune System ◽  
Neural Crest ◽  
Large Family ◽  
Dynamic Expression ◽  
The Family ◽  
Extracellular Matrix Remodelling ◽  
And Migration ◽  
Human And Mouse

AbstractMatrix metalloproteinases (MMP) are a large family of proteases comprising 24 members in vertebrates. They are well known for their extracellular matrix remodelling activity. MMP28 is the last member of the family to be discovered. It is a secreted MMP involved in wound healing, immune system maturation, cell survival and migration. MMP28 is also expressed during embryogenesis in human and mouse. Here we describe the detailed expression profile of MMP28 in Xenopus laevis embryos. We show that MMP28 is expressed maternally and accumulates at neurula and tailbud stages specifically in the cranial placode territories adjacent to migrating neural crest cells. As a secreted MMP, MMP28 may be required in normal neural crest-placode interactions.

scholarly journals The Versatile Role of Matrix Metalloproteinase for the Diverse Results of Fibrosis Treatment

Molecules ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (22) ◽  
pp. 4188 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hong-Meng Chuang ◽  
Yu-Shuan Chen ◽  
Horng-Jyh Harn
Keyword(s):  
Extracellular Matrix ◽  
Wound Healing ◽  
Cardiovascular Diseases ◽  
De Novo ◽  
Biological Processes ◽  
Tissue Formation ◽  
Ecm Degradation ◽  
Excessive Secretion ◽  
Wound Tissue

Fibrosis is a type of chronic organ failure, resulting in the excessive secretion of extracellular matrix (ECM). ECM protects wound tissue from infection and additional injury, and is gradually degraded during wound healing. For some unknown reasons, myofibroblasts (the cells that secrete ECM) do not undergo apoptosis; this is associated with the continuous secretion of ECM and reduced ECM degradation even during de novo tissue formation. Thus, matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are considered to be a potential target of fibrosis treatment because they are the main groups of ECM-degrading enzymes. However, MMPs participate not only in ECM degradation but also in the development of various biological processes that show the potential to treat diseases such as stroke, cardiovascular diseases, and arthritis. Therefore, treatment involving the targeting of MMPs might impede typical functions. Here, we evaluated the links between these MMP functions and possible detrimental effects of fibrosis treatment, and also considered possible approaches for further applications.

scholarly journals Impact of Cold Exposure on the Reproductive Function in Female Rats

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tong Xu ◽  
Xi Li ◽  
Lin Yang ◽  
Yongqiang Zhang ◽  
Li Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cold Exposure ◽  
Reproductive System ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Reproductive Function ◽  
Reproductive Hormones ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Estrus Cycle ◽  
Female Reproductive System ◽  
Female Reproduction ◽  
Holistic View

Female reproductive system diseases caused by exposure to a cold environment are widely considered as important human health challenges. Although the projection of female reproduction in cold temperature has been studied, a holistic view on the probable effects of cold exposure on the functions of the female reproductive system has not been achieved. Our aim was to evaluate the effects of cold exposure to the functions of the ovary and uterus in female rats. For this purpose, female rats were randomly grouped as follows: (1) the cold group was exposed to -10°C, 4 h per day for 2 weeks, and (2) the normal temperature (23 ± 1°C) group was used as control. Alterations were observed in different parameters, including body weight gain, organ coefficients, estrus cycle, and pathology of the cold-exposed female rats. Similarly, the serum reproductive hormones and mRNA expression were evaluated. Cold exposure induced estrus cycle irregularity and some alterations in the morphology of the ovary. Cold exposure impairs the function of the ovary probably by changing the level of serum LH and increasing LHR expression. Cold exposure induced a significant reduction of uterine epithelium height. Cold exposure causes alterations in the morphology of the uterus probably because of the effect of progesterone, the increase in the PR level, and the decrease in the ER level.

Regulation of hyaluronan synthesis by vasodilatory prostaglandins

2007 ◽  
Vol 98 (08) ◽  
pp. 287-295 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karsten Schrör ◽  
Jens Fischer
Keyword(s):  
Extracellular Matrix ◽  
Wound Healing ◽  
Plasma Membrane ◽  
Receptor Subtypes ◽  
Biological Processes ◽  
Vascular Remodelling ◽  
Malignant Growth ◽  
Prostaglandin Receptor ◽  
Structural Functions

SummaryHyaluronan (HA) is a macromolecular polysaccharide of the vascular extracellular matrix that confers both structural functions as well as signalling activity. HA is involved in a wide variety of biological processes, such as tissue morphogenesis, malignant growth and metastasis, wound healing and angiogenesis. In atherosclerosis, HA associates with leukocytes and vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMC) and is involved in vascular remodelling. HA is synthesized at the plasma membrane by three HAsynthase isoforms (HAS1–3). Human VSMC upregulate HAS1 and HAS2 in response to prostaglandins via Gs-coupled prostaglandin receptor subtypes IP and EP2. This review discusses the regulation of HA-synthesis by prostaglandins and the evidence for a central role of cyclooxygenase-2/PGE2 in regulation of HAsynthesis during atherogenesis.

XIX.—The Female Reproductive System and Corpora Lutea of the False Killer Whale, Pseudorca crassidens Owen

1938 ◽  
Vol 59 (2) ◽  
pp. 521-531 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. C. Comrie ◽  
Ann B. Adam
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Reproductive System ◽  
Killer Whale ◽  
Corpora Lutea ◽  
Female Reproductive System ◽  
Galapagos Archipelago ◽  
False Killer Whale ◽  
Preliminary Account ◽  
Pseudorca Crassidens

The material to be described here was taken from individuals of a school of Pseudorca crassidens, forty-one of which were stranded at Buddon Ness in the estuary of the Tay in November 1935. There is very little published work on this species beyond reports on the occurrence of stranded individuals. Beebe (1924) refers to six skeletons found on the shores of the Galapagos Archipelago, and West (1935) gave a preliminary account of a male fœtus taken from a female stranded in Wales. More recently, Peacock, Comrie, and Greenshields (1936) gave an account of the Tay specimens, while Fraser (1936) published a review of various strandings around our British coasts, and Gill (1935) has dealt with those stranded in South Africa (see abstract in Nature, September 1936). With regard to the reproductive system valuable assistance has been obtained from recent researches on other species by MacIntosh and Wheeler (1929), Wheeler (1930), Ommanney (1932), and Laurie (1937), published in Discovery Reports, while earlier papers, also on other species, by Schulte (1916) and Meek (1918) have also been consulted.

scholarly journals Matrix Metalloproteinases (MMPs) and Inhibitors of MMPs in the Avian Reproductive System: An Overview

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (15) ◽  
pp. 8056
Author(s):  
Anna Hrabia
Keyword(s):  
Extracellular Matrix ◽  
Matrix Metalloproteinases ◽  
Reproductive System ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Physiological State ◽  
Limited Information ◽  
Female Reproductive System ◽  
Reproductive Tissues ◽  
Follicle Atresia

Many matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are produced in the mammalian reproductive system and participate in the regulation of its functions. In birds, the limited information available thus far indicates that MMPs are significant regulators of avian ovarian and oviductal functions, too. Some MMPs and inhibitors of MMPs are present in the hen reproductive tissues and their abundances and/or activities change according to the physiological state. The intraovarian role of MMPs likely includes the remodeling of the extracellular matrix (ECM) during folliculogenesis, follicle atresia, and postovulatory regression. In the oviduct, MMPs are also involved in ECM turnover during oviduct development and regression. This study provides a review of the current knowledge on the presence, activity, and regulation of MMPs in the female reproductive system of birds.

FEMALE ENDOCRINE CONTROL MECHANISMS DURING THE NEONATAL PERIOD

1972 ◽  
Vol 70 (2) ◽  
pp. 396-408 ◽  
Author(s):  
K.-D. Schulz ◽  
H. Haarmann ◽  
A. Harland
Keyword(s):  
Protein Synthesis ◽  
Reproductive System ◽  
Rna Synthesis ◽  
Neonatal Period ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Female Reproductive System ◽  
Endocrine Control ◽  
Hypothalamic Region ◽  
Rna And Protein Synthesis ◽  
Physiological Dose

ABSTRACT The present investigation deals with the oestrogen-sensitivity of the female reproductive system during the neonatal period. Newborn female guinea pigs were used as test animals. At different times after a single subcutaneous injection of a physiological dose of 0.1 μg or an unphysiologically high dose of 10 μg 17β-oestradiol/100 g body weight, the RNA- and protein-synthesis was examined in the hypothalamic region, pituitary, cerebral cortex, liver, adrenal gland, ovary and uterus. With a physiological dose an increase in organ weight, protein content, RNA-and protein-synthesis was found only in the uterus. These alterations turned out to be dose-dependent. In addition to the findings in the uterus an inhibition of the aminoacid incorporation rate occurred in the liver following the injection of the high oestradiol dose. As early as 1 hour after the administration of 0.1 μg 17β-oestradiol an almost 100% increase in uterine protein synthesis was detectable. This result demonstrates a high oestrogen-sensitivity of this organ during the neonatal period. All the other organs of the female reproductive system such as the hypothalamus, pituitary and ovary did not show any oestrogen response. Therefore the functional immaturity of the uterus during post partem life is not the result of a deficient hormone sensitivity but is correlated with the absence of a sufficient hormonal stimulus at this time. The investigation on the effects of actinomycin resulted in different reactions in the uterus and liver. In contrast to the liver a paradoxical actinomycin effect was found in the uterus after treatment with actinomycin alone. This effect is characterized by a small inhibition of RNA-synthesis and a 50% increase in protein synthesis. The treatment of the newborn test animals with actinomycin and 17β-oestradiol together abolished the oestrogen-induced stimulation of the uterine RNA-and protein-synthesis. Consequently, the effect of oestrogens during the neonatal period is also connected with the formation of new proteins via an increased DNA-directed RNA-synthesis.

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