Phosphoinositide 3-kinase/protein kinase B (PI3K/AKT) and Janus kinase/signal transducer and activator of transcription (JAK/STAT) follicular signalling is conserved in the mare ovary

2018 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 624 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sally E. Hall ◽  
Rose M. O. Upton ◽  
Eileen A. McLaughlin ◽  
Jessie M. Sutherland
Keyword(s):  
Protein Kinase ◽  
Granulosa Cells ◽  
Protein Kinase B ◽  
Quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Janus Kinase ◽  
Signalling Pathways ◽  
Ovary Development ◽  
Signal Transducer ◽  
Adult Ovary ◽  
Phosphoinositide 3 Kinase

The mare ovary is unique in its anatomical structure; however, the signalling pathways responsible for physiological processes, such as follicular activation, remain uncharacterised. This provided us with the impetus to explore whether signalling molecules from important folliculogenesis pathways, phosphoinositide 3-kinase/protein kinase B (PI3K/AKT) and Janus kinase/signal transducer and activator of transcription (JAK/STAT), are conserved in the mare ovary. Messenger RNA expression of six genes important in follicle development was measured using quantitative polymerase chain reaction and protein localisation of key pathway members (PI3K, AKT1, phosphatase and tensin homologue (PTEN), JAK1, STAT3 and suppressor of cytokine signalling 4 (SOCS4)) was compared in tissue from fetal and adult mare ovaries. Tissue from adult ovaries exhibited significantly increased levels of mRNA expression of PI3K, AKT1, PTEN, JAK1, STAT3 and SOCS4 compared with tissue from fetal ovaries. PI3K, AKT1, JAK1 and STAT3 demonstrated redistributed localisation, from pregranulosa cells in fetal development, to both the oocyte and granulosa cells of follicles in the adult ovary, whilst negative feedback molecules PTEN and SOCS4 were only localised to the granulosa cells in the adult ovary. These findings suggest that the PI3K/AKT and JAK/STAT signalling pathways are utilised during folliculogenesis in the mare, similarly to previously studied mammalian species, and may serve as useful biomarkers for assessment of ovary development in the horse.

Physiological roles of PKB/Akt isoforms in development and disease

2007 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 231-235 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Dummler ◽  
B.A. Hemmings
Keyword(s):  
Protein Kinase ◽  
Mammalian Cells ◽  
Adipocyte Differentiation ◽  
Protein Kinase B ◽  
Signal Transducer ◽  
Akt Isoforms ◽  
Tumour Development ◽  
Glucose Homoeostasis ◽  
Signalling Cascades ◽  
Phosphoinositide 3 Kinase

PKB (protein kinase B, also known as Akt) is a serine/threonine protein kinase that is important in various signalling cascades and acts as a major signal transducer downstream of activated phosphoinositide 3-kinase. There are three closely related isoforms of PKB in mammalian cells, PKBα (Akt1), PKBβ (Akt2) and PKBγ (Akt3), and this review discusses recent advances in our understanding of the functions of these isoforms in the regulation of adipocyte differentiation, glucose homoeostasis and tumour development.

scholarly journals Signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) 1 and STAT3 are expressed in the human ovary and have Janus kinase 1-independent functions in the COV434 human granulosa cell line

2020 ◽  
Vol 32 (12) ◽  
pp. 1027
Author(s):  
E. R. Frost ◽  
E. A. Ford ◽  
A. E. Peters ◽  
N. L. Reed ◽  
E. A. McLaughlin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Line ◽  
Granulosa Cell ◽  
Granulosa Cells ◽  
Cell Function ◽  
Janus Kinase ◽  
Ovary Development ◽  
Signal Transducer ◽  
Human Ovary ◽  
Human Granulosa Cell ◽  
Independent Functions

Ovarian granulosa cells are fundamental for oocyte maintenance and maturation. Recent studies have demonstrated the importance of members of the Janus kinase (JAK)/signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) signalling pathway in the granulosa cell population of mouse and horse ovaries, with perturbation of JAK1 signalling in the mouse shown to impair oocyte maintenance and accelerate primordial follicle activation. The presence and role of the JAK/STAT pathway in human granulosa cells has yet to be elucidated. In this study, expression of JAK1, STAT1 and STAT3 was detected in oocytes and granulosa cells of human ovarian sections from fetal (40 weeks gestation) and premenopausal ovaries (34–41 years of age; n=3). To determine the effects of JAK1 signalling in granulosa cells, the human granulosa-like cell line COV434 was used, with JAK1 inhibition using ruxolitinib. Chemical inhibition of JAK1 in COV434 cells with 100nM ruxolitinib for 72h resulted in significant increases in STAT3 mRNA (P=0.034) and p-Y701-STAT1 protein (P=0.0117), demonstrating a role for JAK1 in modulating STAT in granulosa cells. This study implicates a conserved role for JAK/STAT signalling in human ovary development, warranting further investigation of this pathway in human granulosa cell function.

Lupeol Inhibits Proliferation and Promotes Apoptosis of Ovarian Cancer Cells by Inactivating Phosphoinositide-3-Kinase/Protein Kinase B/ Mammalian Target of Rapamycin Pathway

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 206-210
Author(s):  
Feng Chen ◽  
Bei Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Cell Cycle ◽  
Ovarian Cancer ◽  
Protein Kinase ◽  
Cell Viability ◽  
Cancer Cells ◽  
Protein Kinase B ◽  
Mammalian Target Of Rapamycin ◽  
Target Of Rapamycin ◽  
Ovarian Cancer Cells ◽  
Phosphoinositide 3 Kinase

Lupeol exhibits multiple pharmacological activities including, anticancerous, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant. The aim of this study was to explore the anticancerous activity of lupeol on ovarian cancer cells and examine its mechanism of action. To this end, increasing concentrations of lupeol on cell viability, cell cycle, and apoptosis in Caov-3 cells were evaluated. Lupeol inhibited cell viability, induced G1 phase arrest in cell cycle, increased cell apoptosis, and inhibited the ratio of phospho-Akt/protein kinase B and phospho-mammalian target of rapamycin/mammalian target of rapamycin. In conclusion, these data suggest that lupeol may play a therapeutic role in ovarian cancer.

scholarly journals Lovastatin inhibits the growth and survival pathway of phosphoinositide 3-kinase/protein kinase B in immortalized rat brain neuroblasts

2005 ◽  
Vol 94 (5) ◽  
pp. 1277-1287 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Isabel Cerezo-Guisado ◽  
Luis Jesus Garcia-Marin ◽  
Maria Jesus Lorenzo ◽  
Maria Julia Bragado
Keyword(s):  
Protein Kinase ◽  
Rat Brain ◽  
Protein Kinase B ◽  
Growth And Survival ◽  
Survival Pathway ◽  
Phosphoinositide 3 Kinase
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