Expression of protocadherin 11Yb (PCDH11Yb) in seminal germ cells is correlated with fertility status in men

2017 ◽  
Vol 29 (11) ◽  
pp. 2100 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thottathil R. Anilkumar ◽  
Anandavalli N. Devi ◽  
Sathy M. Pillai ◽  
Krishnapillai Jayakrishnan ◽  
Oommen V. Oommen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Germ Cells ◽  
Neuronal Cell ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Wnt Signalling ◽  
Retinoic Acid Signalling ◽  
Fertility Status ◽  
Neuronal Cell Differentiation ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Differentiation And Proliferation ◽  
Canonical Wnt

Protocadherin 11 Y-linked (PCDH11Y), a member of the cadherin superfamily, is predominantly expressed in the central nervous system, is encoded by the Yp11.2 locus and exists in three isoforms: 11Ya, 11Yb and 11Yc. PCDH11Y is upregulated by retinoic acid signalling and is essential for spermatogonial differentiation and initiation of meiosis. PCDH11Y mediates Wnt signalling, which plays a crucial role in the differentiation of various cell types. PCDH11Y has been implicated in neuronal cell differentiation and proliferation, but its association with spermatogenesis has not yet been addressed. Hence, in order to address the possible role of PCDH11Y in relation to spermatogenesis, the expression analysis of PCDH11Y in the seminal germ cells of fertile and infertile males were carried out employing RT-PCR, western blotting and immunofluorescence analysis. In the present study, PCDH11Yb, but not PCDH11Ya or PCDH11Yc, was expressed in germ cells isolated from the semen of all 13 men with proven fertility. However, in several subjects from various infertility classes, there was complete absence or a significant reduction in the expression of PCDH11Yb. PCDH11Y exhibited prominent localisation on the head and midpiece region of spermatozoa from fertile men, whereas spermatozoa from infertile subjects had either weak or abnormal localisation patterns for PCDH11Y. In addition, downregulation of canonical Wnt signalling was correlated with defective expression of PCDH11Y in spermatozoa of infertile men, as evidenced by downregulation of the Wnt targets C-Myc and C-Jun. In conclusion, expression levels of PCDH11Yb in germ cells in the semen were correlated with the fertility status of men.

scholarly journals Canonical Wnt signalling regulates nuclear export of Setdb1 during skeletal muscle terminal differentiation

2016 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sophie Beyer ◽  
Julien Pontis ◽  
Elija Schirwis ◽  
Valentine Battisti ◽  
Anja Rudolf ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nuclear Export ◽  
Target Genes ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Terminal Differentiation ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Wnt Signalling ◽  
Skeletal Myoblasts ◽  
Exclusive Processes ◽  
Canonical Wnt

Abstract The histone 3 lysine 9 methyltransferase Setdb1 is essential for both stem cell pluripotency and terminal differentiation of different cell types. To shed light on the roles of Setdb1 in these mutually exclusive processes, we used mouse skeletal myoblasts as a model of terminal differentiation. Ex vivo studies on isolated single myofibres showed that Setdb1 is required for adult muscle stem cells expansion following activation. In vitro studies in skeletal myoblasts confirmed that Setdb1 suppresses terminal differentiation. Genomic binding analyses showed a release of Setdb1 from selected target genes upon myoblast terminal differentiation, concomitant to a nuclear export of Setdb1 to the cytoplasm. Both genomic release and cytoplasmic Setdb1 relocalisation during differentiation were dependent on canonical Wnt signalling. Transcriptomic assays in myoblasts unravelled a significant overlap between Setdb1 and Wnt3a regulated genetic programmes. Together, our findings revealed Wnt-dependent subcellular relocalisation of Setdb1 as a novel mechanism regulating Setdb1 functions and myogenesis.

scholarly journals Biosynthesis of anandamide and related acylethanolamides in mouse J774 macrophages and N18 neuroblastoma cells

1996 ◽  
Vol 316 (3) ◽  
pp. 977-984 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vincenzo Di MARZO ◽  
Luciano De PETROCELLIS ◽  
Nunzio SEPE ◽  
Anna BUONO
Keyword(s):  
Cell Function ◽  
Cannabinoid Receptor ◽  
Neuroblastoma Cells ◽  
Neuronal Cell ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Endogenous Ligand ◽  
Alternative Pathways ◽  
Central Neurons ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Hydrolysis Of

Anandamide (arachidonoylethanolamide, AnNH) has been recently proposed as the endogenous ligand at the brain cannabinoid receptor CB1. Two alternative pathways have been suggested for the biosynthesis of this putative mediator in the central nervous system. Here we present data (1) substantiating further the mechanism by which AnNH is produced by phospholipase D (PLD)-catalysed hydrolysis of N-arachidonoylphosphatidylethanolamine in mouse neuroblastoma N18TG2 cells, and (2) suggesting for the first time that AnNH is biosynthesized via the same mechanism in a non-neuronal cell line, mouse J774 macrophages, together with other acylethanolamides and is possibly involved in the control of the immune/inflammatory response. Lipids from both neuroblastoma cells and J774 macrophages were shown to contain a family of N-acylphosphatidylethanolamines (N-aPEs), including the possible precursor of AnNH, N-arachidonoyl-PE. Treatment with exogenous PLD, but not with exogenous phospholipase A2 and ethanolamine, resulted in the production of a series of acylethanolamides (AEs), including AnNH, from both cell types. The formation of AEs was accompanied by a decrease in the levels of the corresponding N–aPEs. Enzymically active homogenates from either neuroblastoma cells or J774 macrophages were shown to convert synthetic N-[3H]arachidonoyl-PE into [3H]AnNH, thus suggesting that in both cells an enzyme is present which is capable of catalysing the hydrolysis of N–aPE(s) to the corresponding AE(s). Finally, as previously shown in central neurons, on stimulation with ionomycin, J774 macrophages also produced a mixture of AEs including AnNH and palmitoylethanolamide, which has been proposed as the preferential endogenous ligand at the peripheral cannabinoid receptor CB2 and, consequently, as a possible down-modulator of mast cells. On the basis of this as well as previous findings it is now possible to hypothesize for AnNH and palmitoylethanolamide, co-synthesized by macrophages, a role as peripheral mediators with multiple actions on blood cell function.

scholarly journals A p38 MAPK regulated MEF2:β-catenin interaction enhances canonical Wnt signalling

2015 ◽  
pp. MCB.00832-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saviz Ehyai ◽  
Mathew G. Dionyssiou ◽  
Joseph W. Gordon ◽  
Declan Williams ◽  
K. W. Michael Siu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Proliferation ◽  
P38 Mapk ◽  
Cancer Progression ◽  
Cross Talk ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Wnt Signalling ◽  
Nuclear Accumulation ◽  
Mapk Signalling ◽  
Multiple Cell ◽  
Canonical Wnt

Canonical Wnt/β-catenin signalling plays a major role in various biological contexts such as embryonic development, cell proliferation, and cancer progression.. Previously, a connection between p38 MAPK signalling and Wnt-mediated activation of β-catenin has been implied but poorly understood. In this study, we investigate potential cross talk between p38 MAPK and Wnt/β-catenin signalling. Here, we show that loss of p38 MAPK α/β function reduces β-catenin nuclear accumulation in Wnt3a stimulated primary vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs). Conversely, active p38 MAPK signalling increases β-catenin nuclear localization and target gene activity in multiple cell types. Furthermore, the effect of p38 MAPK α/β on β-catenin activity is mediated through phosphorylation of a key p38 MAPK target, myocyte enhancer factor 2 (MEF2). Here, we report a p38 MAPK mediated phosphorylation-dependent interaction between MEF2 and β-catenin in multiple cell types and primary VSMCs, resulting in: (a) increased β-catenin nuclear retention, which is reversed by siRNA mediated MEF2 gene silencing; (b) increased activation of MEF2 and Wnt/β-catenin target genes, and; (c) increased Wnt stimulated cell proliferation. These observations provide mechanistic insight into a fundamental level of cross talk between p38 MAPK/MEF2 signalling and canonical Wnt signalling.

The Red Neuronal Pigment in the Nervous System of the Mussel, Mytilus Edulis: Localization and Its Effect on Lateral Ciliary Activity with Spectral and Analytical Changes

1981 ◽  
Vol 39 ◽  
pp. 494-495
Author(s):  
Anthony A. Paparo ◽  
Judith A. Murphy
Keyword(s):  
Nervous System ◽  
Mytilus Edulis ◽  
Neuronal Cell ◽  
Ciliary Activity ◽  
Neuronal Cell Bodies ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Intracellular Organelles ◽  
The Common ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Cryostat Sections

The purpose of this study was to localize the red neuronal pigment in Mytilus edulis and examine its role in the control of lateral ciliary activity in the gill. The visceral ganglia (Vg) in the central nervous system show an over al red pigmentation. Most red pigments examined in squash preps and cryostat sec tions were localized in the neuronal cell bodies and proximal axon regions. Unstained cryostat sections showed highly localized patches of this pigment scattered throughout the cells in the form of dense granular masses about 5-7 um in diameter, with the individual granules ranging from 0.6-1.3 um in diame ter. Tissue stained with Gomori's method for Fe showed bright blue granular masses of about the same size and structure as previously seen in unstained cryostat sections.Thick section microanalysis (Fig.l) confirmed both the localization and presence of Fe in the nerve cell. These nerve cells of the Vg share with other pigmented photosensitive cells the common cytostructural feature of localization of absorbing molecules in intracellular organelles where they are tightly ordered in fine substructures.

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