Subfertile effects of quinestrol and levonorgestrel in male rats

2012 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 297 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ming Liu ◽  
Xinrong Wan ◽  
Yimeng Yin ◽  
Yu-xia Li ◽  
Fei Sun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fertility Control ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Wild Rodents ◽  
Contraceptive Effect ◽  
Germ Cell Differentiation ◽  
Sprague Dawley Rats ◽  
Genetic Abnormalities ◽  
Effective Contraceptive

The contraceptive regimen consisting of levonorgestrel and quinestrol (EP-1) has been shown to be effective in several types of wild rodents. In the present study, we investigated the effect of EP-1 and its two components on fertility and spermatogenesis to elucidate the mechanisms underlying its contraceptive effect. Sprague-Dawley rats were treated with 0.33 mg kg–1 quinestrol (E group), 0.67 mg kg–1 levonorgestrel (P group) or their combination (EP group) for 7 days and then killed on Days 21 or 42 after treatment for tissue analysis. On Day 21, the weight of the cauda epididymis decreased significantly, while the weight of the adrenal gland increased significantly in the E and EP groups compared with the weights in the control group. In addition, there was a significant decrease in sperm number in the E and EP groups compared with the control group and there was less staining for the androgen receptor and Wilms’ tumour nuclear protein 1 in the E and EP groups. The primary defects in E- or EP-treated rats were abnormal spermiogenesis, lack of elongating spermatids, and pachytene spermatocyte arrest. Analysis of MutL homologue 1 revealed that EP treatment inhibited chromosome recombination during meiosis, but did not cause obvious genetic abnormalities. These data demonstrate that quinestrol, alone or in combination with levonorgestrel, induces subfertility in male rats mainly by interfering with germ cell differentiation. Thus, EP-1 or E alone may be effective contraceptive regimens for fertility control in rodents.

scholarly journals Thymoquinone enhances sperm DNA integrity in nicotineinduced infertile male rats

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (6) ◽  
pp. 1219-1225
Author(s):  
Farah Dayana Rosli ◽  
Noor Hashida Hashim ◽  
Yusmin Mohd Yusuf ◽  
Khairul Osman ◽  
Siti Fatimah Ibrahim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Normal Saline ◽  
Quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Dna Integrity ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Sprague Dawley Rats ◽  
Sperm Dna ◽  
Potential Benefits

Purpose: To assess the effects of thymoquinone (TQ) on the integrity of sperm DNA in nicotineinduced sperm impairment in rats. Methods: Adult male Sprague Dawley rats were randomized into four equal groups: control group received normal saline orally for 60 days; nicotine group was subcutaneously injected with 5 mg/kg/day nicotine for 30 days and then given normal saline for the next 30 days; TQ group was given normal saline for 30 days followed by TQ at 5 mg/kg/day for 30 days; and nicotine-TQ group received 5 mg/kg of nicotine for 30 days and 5mg/kg of TQ for another 30 days. Sperm DNA breakages were evaluated using Comet assay. The expression levels of protamine 1 (PT1) and transition nuclear protein 2 (Tnp2) genes which are essential for the proper compaction of the sperm DNA were analyzed by quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). Results: Thymoquinone significantly decreased DNA fragmentation in the sperm of nicotine-treated rats. However, there was no change in PT1 gene expression. Tnp2 was downregulated in the nicotine group and slightly upregulated in nicotine-TQ group (p < 0.05). Conclusion: The results demonstrate the potential benefits of TQ in improving sperm DNA quality of nicotine-induced male infertility.

scholarly journals The Effects of Honey Administration on Petrol-Induced Oxidative Stress and Hepatotoxicity in Sprague-Dawley Male Rats

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 16-22
Author(s):  
Murtala Bello ABUBAKAR ◽  
Boon Suen ANG
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Pantothenic Acid ◽  
Ambient Air ◽  
Oil Fields ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Oil Refineries ◽  
Sprague Dawley Rats ◽  
Background Exposure

Background: Exposure to petrol is common among individuals working in oil refineries, oil fields, filling stations, automobile mechanical workshops. Exposure to petrol is associated with a number of health hazards including hepatotoxicity and oxidative stress. Honey is rich in many antioxidants such as catalase, flavonoids, thiamine, riboflavin, pyridoxine, pantothenic acid, ascorbic acid and nicotinic acid and was recently reported to reduce petrol-induced hepatotoxicity and nephrotoxicity. Materials and Methods: A total of 32 male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into four groups: control group (exposed to ambient air daily), petrol exposed group

scholarly journals Protective Effects of Fluvastatin on Reproductive Function in Obese Male Rats Induced by High-Fat Diet through Enhanced Signaling of mTOR

2017 ◽  
Vol 41 (2) ◽  
pp. 598-608 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiangrong Cui ◽  
Chunlan Long ◽  
Jing Zhu ◽  
Jie Tian
Keyword(s):  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Reproductive Function ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Standard Diet ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Sprague Dawley Rats ◽  
Obese Male

Background: Statins can reduce reproductive damage induced by obesity or high-fat diet (HFD), but the specific regulatory mechanisms are largely unknown. Since mTOR/p70s6k sinaling promotes spermatogonia proliferation and spermatogenesis, we hypothesized that this pathway will be involved in the protective effects of statin in HFD-induced reproductive dysfunction. Methods: Male Sprague Dawley rats (3 weeks old) were randomly divided into a control group (standard diet), HFD group, and a fluvastatin group (HFD + fluvastatin at 6mg/kg, once daily by oral gavage). After 8 weeks, body weight was obtain and rats were sacrificed. Weights of the testes, gross morphology, sperm parameters, circulating levels of sex hormones, lipid levels, and tissue mTOR, p-P70s6k were measured. Another set of male rats were treated with rapamycin or vehicle. Flow cytometry was used to detect the spermatogonia marker c-kit and cell cycle. p-P70s6k expression was analyzed by Western blot. Results: HFD not only results in rat obesity but also leads to spermatogenetic damage and fluvastatin was able to partially block the effects of HFD. Fluvastatin also partially reversed the suppression of mTOR and p-p70s6k expresson. Conclusion: Our data suggest that fluvastatin has protective effects on reproductive function in obese male rats most probably through enhanced signaling of mTOR.

scholarly journals Pengaruh pemberian nano daun kelor (moringa oleifera) terhadap kadar mineral serum dan tulang pada tikus sprague dawley jantan tumbuh

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 114-120
Author(s):  
Syahrial Syahrial ◽  
Rimbawan Rimbawan ◽  
Evy Damayanthi ◽  
Dewi Apri Astuti ◽  
Pipih Suptijah
Keyword(s):  
Group Intervention ◽  
Moringa Oleifera ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Bioactive Compound ◽  
Magnesium Level ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Sprague Dawley Rats ◽  
Mineral Levels

Background: One of the important minerals for growth is calcium to build new bone. Moringa oleifera has been known as high nutritional content and bioactive compound tree that could act as antioxidant and improved several diseases like diabetes, arthritis, cardiovascular. Phytochemical analyses have shown that Moringa oleifera contain of high macro minerals like calcium, potasium, magnesium, and phosphor. Several previous studies have shown that mineral nanoparticle have higher bioavailability than natural compounds.. Objectives: The purpose of this study was to analyze the effect of moringa oleifera nanoparticle leaf on mineral serum and bone at growth stage of Sprague Dawley male rats. Methods: In this study, the pre and post controlled group design and complete random design was used. The subjects were 27 growing male Sprague dawley rats aged 2 month were devided into three group which received standard feed contain CaCO3 (control group), intervention feed contained 450nm and 750nm nano Moringa oleifera for 60 days. The data of the experiment was analyzed by paired T-test and Duncan test at 95% confidence level.Results: The result showed that there was no significance different for both of intervention group for mineral serum and fermur bone. While for the tibia bone, the result showed that the calcium, phosphor and magnesium were significantly increase (p<0.05). The intervention group received 450nm showed more effective improvement of magnesium level (p<0.05) than intervention group received 750nm.Conclusion: The intervention of moringa oleifera nanoparticle leaf had a positive effect in decreasing serum and bone mineral levels in male rats. There were significant increased at magnesium level measured in tibia bones after intervention, with higher increasing at group received 450nm nanoparticle.

scholarly journals Effect of Different Doses of Nitrate Supplements on hepatocellular Damage Markers in Male Sprague Dawley Rats Following One Session of Exercise

2020 ◽  
pp. 119-133
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Low Dose ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Control Group ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Hepatocellular Damage ◽  
Sprague Dawley Rats ◽  
And Control ◽  
Different Doses

Background: Hepatocellular damage caused by physical activity or the use of supplements is one of the serious problems facing athletes in various fields. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of different doses of nitric oxide supplements on AST and ALT liver enzymes and the ratio of AST to ALT following a session of eccentric exercise in Sprague Dawley male rats. Materials and Methods: In this study, 36 Sprague Dawley male rats (two months old) were divided into three groups of control, low dose (4.8 mg/kg body weight), and high dose of NO supplements (15.4 mg/kg body weight). Supplements were given to rats for seven days. Subsequently, all three groups of rats were forced to run on a treadmill for 45 min with a speed of 20 m/min, and a slope of -15 degrees. Blood samples were taken directly from cardiac puncture of rats 24 h after the running exercise. Blood serum variables of the study were measured afterward. Results: Low dose of nitrate supplements did not change AST and ALT indices, while the high dose of nitrate supplements increased ALT serum level and decreased AST to ALT ratio, compared to a low dose of NO supplements and control group. Conclusion: Based on the obtained results, the consumption of a low dose of NO supplements does not change hepatocellular damage markers, while the high dose of NO supplements causes degeneration of hepatic cells in athletes.

scholarly journals Skeletal Muscle Metabolomic Responses to Endurance and Resistance Training in Rats under Chronic Unpredictable Mild Stress

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 1645
Author(s):  
Xiangyu Liu ◽  
Xiong Xue ◽  
Junsheng Tian ◽  
Xuemei Qin ◽  
Shi Zhou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Resistance Exercise ◽  
Endurance Exercise ◽  
Field Tests ◽  
Treadmill Running ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Mild Stress ◽  
Chronic Unpredictable Mild Stress ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Exercise Interventions ◽  
Sprague Dawley Rats

The objectives of this study were to compare the antidepressant effects between endurance and resistance exercise for optimizing interventions and examine the metabolomic changes in different types of skeletal muscles in response to the exercise, using a rat model of chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS)-induced depression. There were 32 male Sprague-Dawley rats randomly divided into a control group (C) and 3 experimental groups: CUMS control (D), endurance exercise (E), and resistance exercise (R). Group E underwent 30 min treadmill running, and group R performed 8 rounds of ladder climbing, 5 sessions per week for 4 weeks. Body weight, sucrose preference, and open field tests were performed pre and post the intervention period for changes in depressant symptoms, and the gastrocnemius and soleus muscles were sampled after the intervention for metabolomic analysis using the 1H-NMR technique. The results showed that both types of exercise effectively improved the depression-like symptoms, and the endurance exercise appeared to have a better effect. The levels of 10 metabolites from the gastrocnemius and 13 metabolites from the soleus of group D were found to be significantly different from that of group C, and both types of exercise had a callback effect on these metabolites, indicating that a number of metabolic pathways were involved in the depression and responded to the exercise interventions.

scholarly journals The Effect of Single and Triple Testicular Biopsy Using Biopty Gun on Spermatogenesis in Pubertal Rats

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 1569
Author(s):  
Tomislav Šušnjar ◽  
Ivana Kuzmić Prusac ◽  
Ivan Švagelj ◽  
Anđela Jurišić ◽  
Tomislav Šušnjar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sperm Count ◽  
Semen Analysis ◽  
Study Groups ◽  
Testicular Biopsy ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Lower Percentage ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Left Testis ◽  
Significant Difference

Background: The aim of this study was to compare consequences in single and triple testicular biopsy by biopty gun in pubertal rats using histological and immunohistochemical analysis. Methods: Thirty-two Sprague-Dawley male rats were used as the experimental model. The rats were randomly divided into three study groups. The rats from the first group (n = 12) received a single-biopsy of upper pole of the left testis, while the rats from the second group (n = 10) received triple-biopsy of upper and lower poles and lateral surface of left testis. The third group (n = 10) was a control group. On the eightieth day after the biopsy in all rats bilateral orchiectomy and funiculectomy were performed to obtain testicular tissue and sperm for analysis. The consequences of the puncture were observed by pathohistology, immunohistochemistry and semen analysis. Results: The results of the study showed lower percentage of sperm count (14.5 mill/mL vs. 16 mill/mL, p = 0.130), sperm motility (24.6% vs. 32.7%, p > 0.05), abnormal sperm (30% vs. 27%, p > 0.05), atrophic tubules (21% vs. 6%, p < 0.001), volume (1.7 mL vs. 2.28 mL, p < 0.01) and apoptotic index (1.56 vs. 1.19, p = 0.650) in the testes with a triple-biopsy compared to the testes with a single-biopsy. Semen analysis showed a borderline significant difference between the group with triple-biopsy where sperm count was lower than it in the control group (14.5 mill/mL vs. 17.5 mill/mL, p = 0.05). A single-biopsy has little effect on the testis, especially on overall fertility. A triple-biopsy showed higher degree of the testicular damage but without a significant impact on overall fertility. Semen analysis showed that single- and triple-biopsies did not have a significant effect on sperm count, motility and morphology. Conclusion: Biopty gun procedure is a cheap, simple and reliable method for testicular biopsy in rats without a significant effect on sperm count, motility and morphology.

scholarly journals Comparison of Bax and Caspase-3 Protein Expression in Liver Cells following UVB Irradiation for 7 days and Treatment of Pimpinella alpina Molk during 7 and 15 days

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 296-303
Author(s):  
Eni Widayati ◽  
Taufiqurrachman Nasihun ◽  
Azizah Hikma Savitri ◽  
Nurina Tyagita
Keyword(s):  
Protein Expression ◽  
Caspase 3 ◽  
Medical Science ◽  
Liver Cells ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Control Group Design ◽  
Uvb Irradiation ◽  
The Difference

Objective: The effect of Pimpinela alpina Molk (PaM) on decrease in Bax and Caspase-3 protein expression in liver cells apoptosis have been proven. However, the difference result between 7 and 15 days treatment duration of PaM need to be confirmed. This study aimed to confirm that treatment of PaM during 15 days is more effective decreasing Bax and Caspase-3 protein expression in liver cells following UVB irradiation. Methods: In the post test only control group design, 35 Sprague Dawley male rats, 300 gram body weight were divided into two arms, consisting of three groups respectively. First arm comprise Neg-7, PaM7-100, and PaM7-150. Second arm comprise Neg-15, PaM15-100, and PaM15-150. Nor-G was added as normal control neither exposed to UVB nor PaM treatment. In negative group was only radiated to UVB and PaM groups were exposed to UVB and treatment with 100, and 150 mg PaM per oral for 7 and 15 days respectively. At day 8 (first arm) and 16 (second arm), liver organ was taken and Bax and Caspase-3 protein expression assessed by Immunohistochemical staining method. Result: Post Hoc LSD analysis indicated that Bax and Caspase-3 protein expression in PaM15-100 and PaM15-150 was significant lower compared to that of Nor-G, PaM7-100, and PaM7-150, p < 0.05. Conclusion: Ttreatment of PaM with doses 100 and 150 mg for 15 days was better in decreasing Bax and Caspase-3 protein expression of liver cells following UVB irradiation. Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science Vol.19(2) 2020 p.296-303

Ranitidine as an alcohol dehydrogenase inhibitor in acute methanol toxicity in rats

2009 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 93-101 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amal A El-Bakary ◽  
Sahar A El-Dakrory ◽  
Sohayla M Attalla ◽  
Nawal A Hasanein ◽  
Hala A Malek
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Dehydrogenase ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Negative Control Group ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Methanol Poisoning ◽  
Sprague Dawley Rats

Methanol poisoning is a hazardous intoxication characterized by visual impairment and formic acidemia. The therapy for methanol poisoning is alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) inhibitors to prevent formate accumulation. Ranitidine has been considered to be an inhibitor of both gastric alcohol and hepatic aldehyde dehydrogenase enzymes. This study aimed at testing ranitidine as an antidote for methanol acute toxicity and comparing it with ethanol and 4-methyl pyrazole (4-MP). This study was conducted on 48 Sprague-Dawley rats, divided into 6 groups, with 8 rats in each group (one negative control group [C1], two positive control groups [C2, C3] and three test groups [1, 2 and 3]). C2, C3 and all test groups were exposed to nitrous oxide by inhalation, then, C3 group was given methanol (3 g/kg orally). The three test groups 1, 2 and 3 were given ethanol (0.5 g/kg orally), 4-MP (15 mg/kg intraperitoneally) and ranitidine (30 mg/kg intraperitoneally), respectively, 4 hours after giving methanol. Rats were sacrificed and heparinized, cardiac blood samples were collected for blood pH and bicarbonate. Non-heparinized blood samples were collected for formate levels by high performance liquid chromatography. Eye balls were enucleated for histological examination of the retina. Ranitidine corrected metabolic acidosis (p = .025), decreased formate levels (p = .014) and improved the histological findings in the retina induced by acute methanol toxicity.

Mineralocorticoid Receptor Activation by Aldosterone or Corticosterone Induces Hypertension, Myocardial Infarction and Proteinuria

Hypertension ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 36 (suppl_1) ◽  
pp. 723-723
Author(s):  
Qing-Feng Tao ◽  
Diego Martinez vasquez ◽  
Ricardo Rocha ◽  
Gordon H Williams ◽  
Gail K Adler
Keyword(s):  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Mineralocorticoid Receptor ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Weight Ratio ◽  
Myocardial Necrosis ◽  
Receptor Activation ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Sprague Dawley Rats

P165 Aldosterone through its interaction with the mineralocorticoid receptor (MR) plays a critical role in the development of hypertension and cardiovascular injury (CVI). Normally, MR is protected by 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (11β-HSD) which inactivates glucocorticoids preventing their binding to MR. We hypothesis that if activation of MR by either aldosterone or glucocorticoids induces hypertension and CVI, then the inhibition of 11β-HSD with glycyrrhizin (GA), a natural inhibitor of 11β-HSD, should induce damage similar to that observed with aldosterone. Sprague-Dawley rats were uninephrectomized, and treated for 4 weeks with 1% NaCl (in drinking water) for the control group, 1% NaCl + aldosterone infusion (0.75 μg/h), or 1% NaCl + GA (3.5 g/l in drinking water). After 4 weeks, aldosterone and GA caused significant increases in blood pressure compared to control rats ([mean ± SEM] 211± 9, 205 ± 12, 120 ± 9 mmHg, respectively, p<0.001). Both aldosterone- and GA-treated rats had a significant increase in proteinuria (152.2 ± 8.7 and 107.7 ± 19.5 mg/d, respectively) versus controls (51.2 ± 9.5 mg/d). There was a significant increase (p<0.001) in heart to body weight ratio in the rats treated with aldosterone or GA compared with control (3.92 ± 0.10, 3.98 ± 0.88, and 3.24 ± 0.92 mg/g, respectively). Hearts of GA and aldosterone treated rats showed similar histological changes consisting of biventricular myocardial necrosis and fibrinoid necrosis of small coronary arteries and arterioles. These data suggests that in rodents activation of MR by either aldosterone or corticosterone leads to severe hypertension, vascular injury, proteinuria and myocardial infarction. Thus, 11β-HSD plays an important role in protecting the organism from injury.

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