Effects of maternal exposure to an aromatase inhibitor on sexual behaviour and neurochemical and endocrine aspects of adult male rat

2008 ◽  
Vol 20 (5) ◽  
pp. 557 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniela C. C. Gerardin ◽  
Renata C. Piffer ◽  
Patrícia C. Garcia ◽  
Estefânia G. Moreira ◽  
Oduvaldo C. M. Pereira
Keyword(s):  
Aromatase Inhibitor ◽  
Sexual Differentiation ◽  
Reproductive Function ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Male Rat ◽  
Plasma Testosterone ◽  
Anogenital Distance ◽  
Sexual Behaviours ◽  
Brain Sexual Differentiation ◽  
Adult Male Rat

The present study examined the effects of letrozole exposure during brain sexual differentiation on endocrine, behavioural and neurochemical parameters in male rat descendants. Pregnant female rats received 1 mg kg–1 day–1 letrozole or vehicle by oral gavage on gestational Days 21 and 22. Exposure to letrozole reduced anogenital distance in males on postnatal Day (PND) 22. At adulthood (PND 75), plasma testosterone levels and hypothalamic dopaminergic activity were increased, but sexual competence was impaired, because fewer successful sexual behaviours (mount, intromission and principally ejaculation) were observed. The impairment of reproductive function by prenatal exposure to an aromatase inhibitor reinforces the importance of adequate oestrogenic activity during perinatal sexual differentiation for complete masculinisation of the hypothalamus.

Effects of aroclor 1254 on the expression of the KAP3 gene and reproductive function in rats

2007 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 539 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chae Kwan Lee ◽  
Han Seung Kang ◽  
Ju Ran Kim ◽  
Byung Ju Lee ◽  
Jong Tae Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Differentiation ◽  
Reproductive Function ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Mrna Levels ◽  
Critical Periods ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Control Male ◽  
Control Female ◽  
Male Control ◽  
Brain Sexual Differentiation

The present study investigated the effects of aroclor 1254 (A1254) on the expression of the kinesin superfamily associated protein 3 (KAP3) gene in F1 rat brain during brain sexual differentiation and puberty. In addition, the effects of A1254 on reproductive function were examined. The KAP3 gene is involved in the neurogenesis and synaptogenesis of sexual differentiation in rats and also during puberty. In the present study, pregnant Sprague–Dawley rats each received a daily dose of A1254 (0, 10, 50 mg kg–1) dissolved in 1.0 mL corn oil by gavage, from gestational Day (GD) 8 to postnatal Day (PD) 21. The mRNA levels of the KAP3 gene in hypothalamic tissues were analysed by northern blot hybridisation during the critical periods of brain sexual differentiation (GD18 and PD5) and puberty (PD28). Variables affecting reproduction in F1 female rats, such as vaginal opening (VO), vaginal oestrus (VE) and oestrous cyclicity, were recorded. Depending on the sex and A1254 exposure (control or 50 mg kg–1 day–1), F1 rats were divided into three mating groups, namely control male–control female, control male–A1254-treated female and A1254-treated male–control female. During the critical periods of brain sexual differentiation (GD18, PD5) and puberty (PD28), KAP3 mRNA levels were significantly reduced in A1254-treated fetal and pubertal rat brains relative to those of control groups. In A1254-treated F1 female rats, VO and VE were delayed, the percentage of irregular oestrous cycles was increased and the duration of the oestrous cycle was extended in a dose-dependent manner compared with control groups. Treatment with a high dose of A1254 significantly impaired the reproductive function of both male and female F1 rats, including mating and pregnancy indices and the number of live fetuses. These data suggest that A1254 disrupts transcriptional regulation of the KAP3 gene in fetal and pubertal rat brains and that these effects may be related to A1254-induced abnormal brain sexual differentiation and lowered reproductive function in F1 rats.

Reproductive function in male and female rats following extra- and intra-hypothalamic lesions

1977 ◽  
Vol 198 (1132) ◽  
pp. 267-278 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Preoptic Area ◽  
Reproductive Function ◽  
Medial Preoptic Area ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Male Rat ◽  
Stria Terminalis ◽  
Moderate Degree ◽  
Male And Female Rats ◽  
Adult Male Rat

Section of the stria terminalis and fimbria led to a moderate degree of hyperactivity in the pituitary-testis system of the adult male rat. Similar changes were seen following destruction of the sexually differ­entiated portion of the medial preoptic area but not following destruction of the bed nuclei of the stria terminalis or the suprachiasmatic nuclei. In females, destruction of the sexually differentiated portion of the medial preoptic area caused an acute blockade of ovulation and resulted in a high incidence of both immediate and delayed pseudopregnancies. These effects were not seen following lesions of the bed nuclei of the stria terminalis, or the paraventricular nuclei. Neither these lesions nor lesions of the sexually differentiated portion of the medial preoptic area resulted in long-term failure of ovulation.

Effects of a prenatal androgen peak on rat brain sexual differentiation

1986 ◽  
Vol 108 (2) ◽  
pp. 281-285 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Perakis ◽  
F. Stylianopoulou
Keyword(s):  
Rat Brain ◽  
Sexual Differentiation ◽  
Cyproterone Acetate ◽  
Male Rat ◽  
Testosterone Levels ◽  
Naturally Occurring ◽  
Female Brain ◽  
Brain Sexual Differentiation ◽  
Prenatal Androgen ◽  
The Brain

ABSTRACT Exposure of the developing female brain to a 5α-dihydrotestosterone surge on day 18 of gestation resulted in defeminization and slight masculinization of the brain. In contrast, abolition of the androgenic effects of the testosterone peak naturally occurring in male fetuses on day 18 of gestation by exposure of the developing male brain to cyproterone acetate, at that time, resulted in demasculinization while feminization was not affected. On the basis of these results, we suggest that both the prenatal testosterone peak and the high testosterone levels occurring in males neonatally are necessary for aromatization sufficient to effect complete male rat brain sexual differentiation. J. Endocr. (1986) 108, 281–285

Maternal undernutrition programs the apelinergic system of adipose tissue in adult male rat offspring

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Lecoutre ◽  
L. Marousez ◽  
A. Drougard ◽  
C. Knauf ◽  
C. Guinez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Adult Male ◽  
Messenger Rna ◽  
Leptin Receptor ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Male Rat ◽  
Mrna Levels ◽  
Maternal Undernutrition ◽  
Rat Offspring ◽  
Adult Male Rat

Based on the Developmental Origin of Health and Disease concept, maternal undernutrition has been shown to sensitize adult offspring to metabolic pathologies such as obesity. Using a model of maternal 70% food restriction in pregnant female rats throughout gestation (called FR30), we previously reported that obesity-prone adult male rat offspring displayed hyperleptinemia with modifications in leptin and leptin receptor messenger RNA (mRNA) levels in white adipose tissue (WAT). Apelin is a member of the adipokine family that regulates various aspects of energy metabolism and WAT functionality. We investigated whether apelin and its receptor APJ could be a target of maternal undernutrition. Adult male rat offspring from FR30 dams showed increased plasma apelin levels and apelin gene expression in WAT. Post-weaning high-fat diet led to marked increase in APJ mRNA and protein levels in offspring’s WAT. We demonstrate that maternal undernutrition and post-weaning diet have long-term consequences on the apelinergic system of adult male rat offspring.

Endocrinological and histological changes induced by flutamide treatment on the hypothalamo-hypophyseal testicular axis of the adult male rat and their incidences on fertility

1983 ◽  
Vol 104 (2) ◽  
pp. 246-252 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. C. Viguier-Martinez ◽  
M. T. Hochereau de Reviers ◽  
B. Barenton ◽  
C. Perreau
Keyword(s):  
Adult Male ◽  
Cell Number ◽  
Male Rat ◽  
Plasma Testosterone ◽  
Seminiferous Tubules ◽  
Testis Weight ◽  
Accessory Glands ◽  
Accessory Sex Organs ◽  
Adult Male Rat ◽  
Male Wistar Rats

Abstract. Adult male Wistar rats were treated with flutamide from 90 to 105 days of age. In a first experiment, testis and accessory sex organs were weighed. In the same animals, hypothalamic LRH content, pituitary gonadotrophin concentrations, plasma LH, FSH, prolactin and testosterone levels, and testicular gonadotrophin receptors were evaluated. In a second experiment, fertility was tested at the end of the treatment, and histology of the testis was performed. All the results were compared to those obtained in control animals of the same age. Accessory glands of genital tract were significantly lower in flutamide-treated animals (P < 0.01). Hypothalamic LRH, pituitary and plasma FSH, and prolactin concentrations were unchanged, while pituitary and plasma LH level and especially plasma testosterone concentration were increased (P < 0.001). Flutamide therefore exerted a strong inhibition on testosterone-dependent organs, and blocked the negative feedback of testosterone on the hypothalamo-pituitary axis, increasing the LH levels. Testis weight, intertubular tissue volume, total number and total volume of Leydig cells/testis, as well as total length and diameter of seminiferous tubules were unchanged in flutamide treated rats. However number of LH receptors/Leydig cell, nuclear area of Sertoli cells, number of FSH receptors/Sertoli cell, number of leptotene spermatocytes and of round spermatids per cross section, and yield of spermatogonial divisions were decreased after treatment. Flutamide treatment also decreased fertility by 48% (P < 0.05). This lowered fertility is likely the result of impaired spermatogenesis and/or a dysfunction of accessory sex organs.

scholarly journals Epigenome-wide association study for pesticide (Permethrin and DEET) induced DNA methylation epimutation biomarkers for specific transgenerational disease

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer L. M. Thorson ◽  
Daniel Beck ◽  
Millissia Ben Maamar ◽  
Eric E. Nilsson ◽  
Michael K. Skinner
Keyword(s):  
Dna Methylation ◽  
Association Study ◽  
Disease Susceptibility ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Male Rat ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Sperm Dna ◽  
Adult Male Rat ◽  
Disease Specific ◽  
Sperm Dna Methylation

Abstract Background Permethrin and N,N-diethyl-meta-toluamide (DEET) are the pesticides and insect repellent most commonly used by humans. These pesticides have been shown to promote the epigenetic transgenerational inheritance of disease in rats. The current study was designed as an epigenome-wide association study (EWAS) to identify potential sperm DNA methylation epimutation biomarkers for specific transgenerational disease. Methods Outbred Sprague Dawley gestating female rats (F0) were transiently exposed during fetal gonadal sex determination to the pesticide combination including Permethrin and DEET. The F3 generation great-grand offspring within the pesticide lineage were aged to 1 year. The transgenerational adult male rat sperm were collected from individuals with single and multiple diseases and compared to non-diseased animals to identify differential DNA methylation regions (DMRs) as biomarkers for specific transgenerational disease. Results The exposure of gestating female rats to a permethrin and DEET pesticide combination promoted transgenerational testis disease, prostate disease, kidney disease, and the presence of multiple disease in the subsequent F3 generation great-grand offspring. The disease DMRs were found to be disease specific with negligible overlap between different diseases. The genomic features of CpG density, DMR length, and chromosomal locations of the disease specific DMRs were investigated. Interestingly, the majority of the disease specific sperm DMR associated genes have been previously found to be linked to relevant disease specific genes. Conclusions Observations demonstrate the EWAS approach identified disease specific biomarkers that can be potentially used to assess transgenerational disease susceptibility and facilitate the clinical management of environmentally induced pathology.

scholarly journals ER Function in the Adult Male Rat: Short- and Long-Term Effects of the Antiestrogen ICI 182,780 on the Testis and Efferent Ductules, without Changes in Testosterone

Endocrinology ◽  
2002 ◽  
Vol 143 (6) ◽  
pp. 2399-2409 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cleida A. Oliveira ◽  
Qing Zhou ◽  
Kay Carnes ◽  
Rong Nie ◽  
David E. Kuehl ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Testicular Atrophy ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Male Rat ◽  
Plasma Testosterone ◽  
Seminiferous Tubules ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Ici 182,780 ◽  
Efferent Ductules ◽  
Testicular Weight ◽  
Adult Male Rat

Abstract Male rats, 30 d old, were treated with the antiestrogen ICI 182,780 (3–150 d) to determine sequences of events leading to testicular atrophy and infertility. Plasma testosterone and LH concentrations were unchanged. ICI 182,780 induced dilation of efferent ductules as early as 3 d post treatment, and the dilation increased over time, resulting in an overall increase of 200% in tubule diameter. A gradual reduction in height of the ductule epithelium was observed; however, the microvilli height increased up to d 73 but subsequently decreased. A transient increase in lysosomes in nonciliated cells was seen from d 15 to d 100. Testicular weight increased by d 45 and seminiferous tubules were dilated by d 52. These effects on testes persisted until d 100, but on d 150 the weight decreased and severe atrophy was observed. These testicular effects were probably owing to accumulation of fluid following inhibition of reabsorption in the efferent ductules, similar to the ER-α knockout mouse. In agreement with this conclusion, there was a decrease in Na+-H+ exchanger-3 mRNA and protein, which is consistent with previous studies showing that ER is required for expression of Na+-H+ exchanger-3 and ultimately fluid reabsorption in the efferent ductules.

scholarly journals Anatomy and Physiology of Animal Model Rats in Biomedical Research

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 265-269
Author(s):  
Rachmat Hidayat ◽  
Patricia Wulandari
Keyword(s):  
Seminal Vesicles ◽  
Male Rat ◽  
Female Rat ◽  
Anogenital Distance ◽  
Anatomy And Physiology ◽  
Sperm Counts ◽  
Yellow Orange ◽  
Adult Male Rat ◽  
Preputial Glands ◽  
Orange Color

A distinguishing feature of rodents, including rats, is the absence of canines and thepresence of prominent incisors. Rats are monophydontic, meaning they grow one setof teeth in their lifetime. The enamel of the rodent incisor contains iron, which givesit its yellow-orange color. Rats are mammals and as such, possess many similaritieswith other mammals. Only the peculiarities of the rat’s anatomy are addressed. Malerats reach puberty at 40 - 60 days of age. Descent of the testes usually occursbetween days 30 - 60. Sperm counts vary by strain. The male rat has an os penis.Male rats have the following accessory sexual organs: ampulla, seminal vesicles,prostate, bulbourethral glands, coagulating glands, and preputial glands. Thecoagulating gland and prostatic and vesicular secretions are responsible for thecopulation plug, a firm plug deposited in the vagina of the female after copulation.(This plug, when found outside the female rat, is capsuleshaped and approximately5 mm long.) The male rat has no nipples. The adult male rat has a prominentscrotum and a longer anogenital distance than the female rat.

IV. EFFECTS OF THE ANTI-ANDROGEN TSAA-291 (16β-ETHYL-17β-HYDROXY-4-OESTREN-3-ONE) ON THE SECRETION OF GONADOTROPHINS

1979 ◽  
Vol 92 (3_Supplb) ◽  
pp. S53-S66 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katsuichiro Sudo ◽  
Iwao Yamazaki ◽  
Michio Masuoka ◽  
Ryo Nakayama
Keyword(s):  
Adult Male ◽  
General Circulation ◽  
Venous Blood ◽  
Subcutaneous Administration ◽  
Male Rat ◽  
Plasma Testosterone ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Serum Lh ◽  
Adult Male Rat ◽  
Dose Levels

ABSTRACT Effects of the anti-androgen TSAA-291 on the gonadotrophin secretion were studied. (1) A single subcutaneous or oral administration of TSAA-291 and its caproate induced the ovulation in the proestrous rat of which the spontaneous ovulation was blocked by the treatment with chlorpromazine. (2) A single subcutaneous administration of TSAA-291 at 2.4 mg/kg to the adult male rat induced only a slight elevation in the serum LH and FSH levels at 30 min after the administration. Successive intramuscular administrations of TSAA-291 to the adult male rat for 2 or 4 weeks resulted in significant decreases in the serum LH and FSH levels at high dose levels. A dose-dependent decrease in the serum LH level but not FSH level was observed in the orchiectomized rat. (3) Successive intramuscular adminstrations of TSAA-291 at high dose levels to the male rat suppressed the plasma testosterone level in the testicular venous blood and general circulation.

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