Vascular endothelial growth factor production by rat granulated metrial gland cells and their morphological features in normal and pathological conditions

2007 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 341 ◽  
Author(s):  
Celal Kaloglu ◽  
H. Eray Bulut
Keyword(s):  
Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor ◽  
Growth Factor ◽  
Blood Vessels ◽  
Cell Structure ◽  
Vascular Endothelial ◽  
Intense Staining ◽  
Pathological Conditions ◽  
Metrial Gland ◽  
Implantation Sites ◽  
Endothelial Growth Factor

Granulated metrial gland (GMG) cells are pregnancy-specific cells that may have many functions in successful placentation and pregnancy. In the present study, changes in the rat GMG cell structure, distribution and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) expression during early pregnancy were evaluated by light microscopy. Implantation sites taken from females with spontaneous abortion were also investigated. On Day 7 of pregnancy, GMG cells were distributed through the implantation and interimplantation sites. They formed metrial glands in the mesometrial triangle on Day 9, and were observed in the decidua basalis on Day 14 of pregnancy. Avidin–biotin complex immunohistochemistry revealed that GMG cells showed moderate staining for VEGF at the beginning of pregnancy and intense staining on Days 9 and 10 of pregnancy. They were localised mostly near the newly formed blood vessels. The implantation sites from spontaneously aborting females showed numerous leucocytes in the lumen of mesometrial blood vessels. In spontaneously aborting females, GMG cells showed a distinct morphology, increased in number and volume, their granules were denser and degranulation was observed. These results suggest that rat GMG cells might be a guide for placental angiogenesis and they might share a role with leucocytes in pathological conditions.

scholarly journals The Involvement of Angiotensin Type 1 and Type 2 Receptors in Estrogen-Induced Cell Proliferation and Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Expression in the Rat Anterior Pituitary

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hanna Lawnicka ◽  
Dorota Ptasinska-Wnuk ◽  
Slawomir Mucha ◽  
Jolanta Kunert-Radek ◽  
Marek Pawlikowski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor ◽  
Cell Proliferation ◽  
Growth Factor ◽  
Blood Vessels ◽  
Proliferation Index ◽  
Pituitary Cells ◽  
Vascular Endothelial ◽  
Vegf Expression ◽  
Rat Pituitary ◽  
Endothelial Growth Factor

The aim of our study was to examine the involvement of renin-angiotensin system (RAS) in estrogen-induced lactotropes proliferation and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) expression in rat pituitary. The study was performed on Fisher 344 rats underwent 8-day treatment with diethylstilboestrol (DES). The proliferation index (PCNA) and VEGF expression in pituitary sections were estimated using immunohistochemical methods. Treatment with DES increased the number of PCNA-positive cells, VEGF-positive cells, and VEGF-positive blood vessels in pituitary. Stimulatory effect of estrogen on cell proliferation and VEGF expression in blood vessels was attenuated by losartan, PD123319, and captopril. VEGF immunoreactivity in pituitary cells of DES-treated rats was decreased by AT1 antagonist and not changed by AT2 blocker and ACE inhibitor. Our findings suggest the involvement of RAS in DES-induced cell proliferation and VEGF expression in pituitary. Both the AT1 and AT2 receptors appear to mediate the estrogen-dependent mitogenic and proangiogenic effects in rat pituitary.

scholarly journals Vascular Permeability Factor/Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Induces Lymphangiogenesis as well as Angiogenesis

2002 ◽  
Vol 196 (11) ◽  
pp. 1497-1506 ◽  
Author(s):  
Janice A. Nagy ◽  
Eliza Vasile ◽  
Dian Feng ◽  
Christian Sundberg ◽  
Lawrence F. Brown ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor ◽  
Growth Factor ◽  
Blood Vessels ◽  
Vascular Permeability ◽  
Malignant Tumors ◽  
Vascular Endothelial ◽  
Vascular Permeability Factor ◽  
Immunodeficient Mice ◽  
Permeability Factor ◽  
Endothelial Growth Factor

Vascular permeability factor/vascular endothelial growth factor (VPF/VEGF, VEGF-A) is a multifunctional cytokine with important roles in pathological angiogenesis. Using an adenoviral vector engineered to express murine VEGF-A164, we previously investigated the steps and mechanisms by which this cytokine induced the formation of new blood vessels in adult immunodeficient mice and demonstrated that the newly formed blood vessels closely resembled those found in VEGF-A–expressing tumors. We now report that, in addition to inducing angiogenesis, VEGF-A164 also induces a strong lymphangiogenic response. This finding was unanticipated because lymphangiogenesis has been thought to be mediated by other members of the VPF/VEGF family, namely, VEGF-C and VEGF-D. The new “giant” lymphatics generated by VEGF-A164 were structurally and functionally abnormal: greatly enlarged with incompetent valves, sluggish flow, and delayed lymph clearance. They closely resembled the large lymphatics found in lymphangiomas/lymphatic malformations, perhaps implicating VEGF-A in the pathogenesis of these lesions. Whereas the angiogenic response was maintained only as long as VEGF-A was expressed, giant lymphatics, once formed, became VEGF-A independent and persisted indefinitely, long after VEGF-A expression ceased. These findings raise the possibility that similar, abnormal lymphatics develop in other pathologies in which VEGF-A is overexpressed, e.g., malignant tumors and chronic inflammation.

scholarly journals Thrombospondin-1 Is Downregulated by Anoxia and Suppresses Tumorigenicity of Human Glioblastoma Cells

2000 ◽  
Vol 191 (10) ◽  
pp. 1789-1798 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mirna Tenan ◽  
Giulia Fulci ◽  
Michele Albertoni ◽  
Annie-Claire Diserens ◽  
Marie-France Hamou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor ◽  
Growth Factor ◽  
Blood Vessels ◽  
Vascular Endothelial ◽  
Glioblastoma Cell ◽  
Glioblastoma Cells ◽  
Thrombospondin 1 ◽  
Natural Inhibitor ◽  
Endothelial Growth Factor

Angiogenesis, the sprouting of new capillaries from preexisting blood vessels, results from a disruption of the balance between stimulatory and inhibitory factors. Here, we show that anoxia reduces expression of thrombospondin-1 (TSP-1), a natural inhibitor of angiogenesis, in glioblastoma cells. This suggests that reduced oxygen tension can promote angiogenesis not only by stimulating the production of inducers, such as vascular endothelial growth factor, but also by reducing the production of inhibitors. This downregulation may significantly contribute to glioblastoma development, since we show that an increase in TSP-1 expression is sufficient to strongly suppress glioblastoma cell tumorigenicity in vivo.

scholarly journals Keeping blood vessels out of sight

eLife ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dawn Sim ◽  
Marcus Fruttiger
Keyword(s):  
Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor ◽  
Growth Factor ◽  
Blood Vessels ◽  
Vascular Endothelial ◽  
Soluble Receptor ◽  
Outer Retina ◽  
Endothelial Growth Factor

Researchers have identified a soluble receptor that prevents blood vessels forming in the outer retina—a process that can lead to blindness—by sequestering vascular endothelial growth factor.

scholarly journals Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A and VEGFR-1 Change during Preimplantation in Heifers

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 544 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Chiumia ◽  
Anna-Katharina Hankele ◽  
Anna E. Groebner ◽  
Katy Schulke ◽  
Horst-Dieter Reichenbach ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor ◽  
Growth Factor ◽  
Mrna Expression ◽  
In Vitro Fertilisation ◽  
Vascular Endothelial ◽  
Bovine Reproduction ◽  
Implantation Sites ◽  
Endothelial Growth Factor

Vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGFA) plays a critical angiogenic role in the endometrium of placentalia during preimplantation. The role of VEGFA and its receptors is not fully characterised in bovine reproduction. We analysed the mRNA expression of VEGFA isoforms 121, 165 and 189, and VEGF receptors 1 and 2 in three experimental settings (A, B and C). We compared intercaruncular endometrium of cyclic to pregnant heifers at Days 12, 15 and 18 post insemination (Day 0), and between Day 15 and Day 18 conceptuses (A). We further compared caruncular versus intercaruncular endometrium at Day 15 (B), and endometrium of heifers carrying embryos originating from somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT) versus in vitro fertilisation (IVF) at Day 18 (C). Endometrial VEGFA protein was localised and quantified. Pregnant heifers displayed lower intercaruncular endometrial mRNA expression of VEGFA-121 (p = 0.045) and VEGFA-189 (p = 0.009) as well as lower VEGFA protein abundance (p < 0.001) at Day 15. The VEGFA protein was localised in intercaruncular luminal, glandular epithelium and in tunica muscularis of blood vessels. At Day 15, caruncular endometrium displayed higher VEGFA mRNA expression than intercaruncular endometrium (p < 0.05). Intercaruncular endometrial VEGFA protein at Day 18 was higher in abundance in SCNT than in IVF (p = 0.038). Therefore, during preimplantation in cattle, there may be a need for timely physiological reduction in intercaruncular endometrial VEGFA expression in favour of the caruncular area to facilitate a gradient towards the implantation sites. A higher expression of VEGFA in SCNT may predispose for later placentation abnormalities frequently observed following SCNT.

scholarly journals VEGF tips its hand in angiogenesis

2015 ◽  
Vol 209 (4) ◽  
pp. 474-474 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ben Short
Keyword(s):  
Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor ◽  
Growth Factor ◽  
Blood Vessels ◽  
Vascular Endothelial ◽  
Endothelial Growth Factor

In 2003, Gerhardt et al. described how vascular endothelial growth factor guides the growth of new blood vessels.

scholarly journals The Pathogenic Role of Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF) in Skin Diseases

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-37
Author(s):  
Aziz Alsohaimi
Keyword(s):  
Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor ◽  
Growth Factor ◽  
Skin Diseases ◽  
Vascular Endothelial ◽  
Pathogenic Role ◽  
Inflammatory Skin Diseases ◽  
Pathological Conditions ◽  
Tumor Growth And Metastasis ◽  
Endothelial Growth Factor

Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), first isolated in 1989, is now considered the key mediator for the process of angiogenesis involved in many developmental, physiological, and pathological conditions. Studies have shown that VEGF family consists of 5 isoforms with similar biological activity but differ in their target receptor activity; the most important of them being the VEGF-A. Studies have also defined the presence of 3 types of VEGF receptors predominantly located on vascular endothelial, stromal, and hematopoietic cells. Recent research has shed light on VEGF as a key mediator of angiogenesis in many pathological conditions such as tumor growth and metastasis. Likewise, there have been intensive efforts to clarify the pathogenic role of VEGF/VEGFRs in skin diseases. VEGF and its receptors are also investigated as pivotal players in many skin diseases such as psoriasis, atopic dermatitis, chronic inflammatory skin diseases, phototoxicity, and dysregulated differentiation/proliferation of dermal and epidermal cells. Therefore, in this review, we will discuss the implication of VEGF as a pathogenic biomarker for skin disorders by discussing the available experimental and clinical evidences for the potential role of VEGF in some dermatologic disorders.

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