Angiopoietin-1 and -2 mRNA and protein expression in mouse preimplantation embryos and uteri suggests a role in angiogenesis during implantation

2006 ◽  
Vol 18 (5) ◽  
pp. 509 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. P. Hess ◽  
J. Hirchenhain ◽  
A. Schanz ◽  
S. Talbi ◽  
A. E. Hamilton ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Protein Expression ◽  
Embryo Implantation ◽  
Mouse Embryos ◽  
Preimplantation Embryos ◽  
Preimplantation Mouse Embryos ◽  
Preimplantation Mouse ◽  
Mrna And Protein Expression ◽  
Implantation Process ◽  
Endometrial Epithelium ◽  
Angiopoietin 1

After attachment and migration through the endometrial epithelium, the embryo must induce angiogenesis within the endometrial stroma to successfully complete the implantation process. Growth factors have been shown to play an important role in embryo implantation and placentation. The aim of the study was to investigate the expression of angiopoietin-1 and -2 (Ang-1 and -2) mRNA and protein expression during the development of single preimplantation mouse embryos and of possible complementary expression in mouse uteri. Angiopoietin-1 mRNA was expressed throughout development in 78% of zygotes, 66% of 2-cell-embryos, 71% of 4-cell-embryos, 70% of 8-cell-embryos, 60% of morula stages, 48% of early blastocysts and 78% of late blastocysts. The number of Ang-1-expressing embryos in the early-blastocyst group was significantly different in comparison with zygotes, 4-cell-embryos, 8-cell-embryos and late blastocysts. Angiopoietin-2 mRNA and protein expression could not be detected in preimplantation embryos. Examination of the uteri revealed Ang-2 mRNA and protein expression in the oestrogen-dominated cycling phase and the progesterone-dominated mated phase, whereas Ang-1 expression was restricted to the mated phase. Herein, Ang-1 expression in preimplantation mouse embryos as well as Ang-1 and -2 expression in mouse uteri is demonstrated, suggesting a possible role for angiopoietins in the embryo–maternal dialogue of the implantation process via an enhancement of the vascular remodelling in favour of an implanting conceptus.

Quantification of basigin mRNA in mouse oocytes and preimplantation embryos by competitive RT-PCR

Zygote ◽  
2002 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 239-243 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nai-Zheng Ding ◽  
Cheng-Qiang He ◽  
Zeng-Ming Yang
Keyword(s):  
Embryo Implantation ◽  
Preimplantation Embryos ◽  
Immunoglobulin Superfamily ◽  
Competitive Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Preimplantation Mouse Embryos ◽  
Preimplantation Mouse ◽  
Cell Embryo ◽  
Blastocyst Implantation ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
High Level

Basigin is a member of the immunoglobulin superfamily and a key molecule related to mouse blastocyst implantation. Whether preimplantation mouse embryos express basigin mRNA is still unknown. The aim of this study was to use a quantitative competitive polymerase chain reaction to assess quantitatively the levels of basigin mRNA in mouse oocyte and preimplantation embryos. Basigin mRNA was detected in the oocyte and all the stages of preimplantation embryos. The levels of basigin mRNA were 0.0606 ± 0.0282 in the oocyte, 0.0102 ± 0.0036 in the zygote, 0.0007 ± 0.0003 in the 2-cell embryo, 0.0031 ± 0.0017 in the 4-cell embryo, 0.0084 ± 0.0024 in the 8-cell embryo, 0.0537 ± 0.0121 in the morula and 0.0392 ± 0.0161 attomoles in the blastocyst, respectively. The levels of basigin mRNA in the oocyte, morula and blastocyst were significantly higher than those in the zygote and embryos at the 2-cell, 4-cell and 8-cell stages. The high level of basigin expression in the blastocyst may play a role during embryo implantation.

Maternal versus paternal expression of a LacZ transgene in preimplantation mouse embryos: effects of genetic background and 2-cell block

Zygote ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 219-228
Author(s):  
Irina Neganova ◽  
Martin Augustin ◽  
Ursula Eichenlaub-Ritter ◽  
Harald Jockusch
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Background ◽  
Transgene Expression ◽  
In Utero ◽  
Mouse Embryos ◽  
Preimplantation Embryos ◽  
Parental Origin ◽  
Cell Block ◽  
Maternal Origin ◽  
Preimplantation Mouse Embryos ◽  
Preimplantation Mouse

The expression of a transgene NI-ROSA LacZ (LacZtg) trapped into the genes for two presumably untranslated, ubiquitously expressed RNAs, was studied in preimplantation mouse embryos with respect to penetrance (fraction of expressing embryos) and to localisation of β-galactosidase activity. With maternal origin in NMRI mice β-galactosidase was first detected within one dot in the cytoplasm of zygotes at 30 h post-hCG. The staining pattern progressed to small clusters and to dense, homogeneous staining of the entire cytoplasm during further development. Within the NMRI background, penetrance in utero was delayed by at least 6 h when the transgene was of paternal as compared with maternal origin. Paternal transgene expression increased marginally during culture to 50 h after explantation of embryos at 30-48 h post-hCG and remained low or decreased in the ‘2-cell block’. Expression of a paternal transgene in preimplantation embryos developing in utero was further delayed in the maternal MF1 as compared with the NMRI background. In contrast to NMRI × NMRI embryos with paternally derived transgene, expression increased with time during the 2-cell block in MF1 × NMRI embryos. Thus, in the earliest phase of mammalian development expression of this LacZtg is influenced by parental origin, maternal genetic background and environment. The spatial distribution of the gene product is developmentally controlled.

Intracellular ion concentrations and their maintennance by Na+/K+ -ATPase in preimplantation mouse embroys

Zygote ◽  
1997 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jay M. Baltz ◽  
Stephen S. Smith ◽  
John D. Biggers ◽  
Claude Lechene
Keyword(s):  
Atpase Activity ◽  
Mammalian Cells ◽  
Mouse Embryos ◽  
Preimplantation Embryos ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Ion Concentrations ◽  
Preimplantation Mouse Embryos ◽  
High K ◽  
Intracellular Ion Concentrations ◽  
Preimplantation Mouse

SummaryWe have measured the amounts of Na+, K+ and C− in preimplantation mouse embryos (1-cell, 2-cell and morula) using electron probe X-ray microanalysis. The levels of these ions do not vary much over this period, and are approximately the same as those found in other mammalian cells, contrary to previous reports. We have confirmed that preimplantation embryos exhibit Na+/K+-ATPase activity at all stages examined, and have shown that the ATPase maintains high K+/Na+ ratios (12–16) in all these embryonic stages, comparable to those seen in other healthy cells; this is in contrast to the low ratios reported in earlier work. Inhibition of the Na+/K+-ATPase results in the slow exchange of intracellular K+ for extracellular Na+ (half-time approximately 5 h), indicating that Na+/K+-ATPase activity maintains steep Na+ and K+ gradients in preimplantation mouse embryos as it does in most other cells.

scholarly journals The serine 106 residue within the N-terminal transactivation domain is crucial for Oct4 function in mice

Zygote ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 197-204
Author(s):  
Atsushi Mitani ◽  
Atsushi Fukuda ◽  
Toshiyuki Miyashita ◽  
Akihiro Umezawa ◽  
Hidenori Akutsu
Keyword(s):  
Protein Conformation ◽  
Mouse Embryos ◽  
Preimplantation Embryos ◽  
Transactivation Domain ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Specific Antibodies ◽  
Developmental Arrest ◽  
Preimplantation Mouse Embryos ◽  
Preimplantation Mouse ◽  
Oct4 Protein

SummaryPou5f1/Oct4 is a key transcription factor for the induction of pluripotency and totipotency in preimplantation mouse embryos. In mice, loss or gain of function experiments have demonstrated an important role for Oct4 in preimplantation and developmental ability. In this study, using mouse preimplantation embryos as a model for the evaluation of Oct4 function, we constructed Oct4 overexpression embryos with various mutations at the N-terminal transactivation domain. Developmental competency and molecular biological phenotypes depended on the type of mutation. The replacement of serine 106 with alanine resulted in more severe phenotypes similar to that of wild type Oct4, indicating that this alteration using alanine is negligible for Oct4 function. In contrast, we found that Oct4-specific antibodies could not recognize Oct4 protein when this residue was replaced by aspartic acid (Oct4-S106D). Oct4-S106D overexpressing embryos did not show developmental arrest and aberrant chromatin structure. Thus, these results demonstrated that the Ser-106 residue within the N-terminal transactivation domain is crucial for Oct4 function and suggested that this mutation might affect Oct4 protein conformation.

scholarly journals Histone chaperone CAF-1 mediates repressive histone modifications to protect preimplantation mouse embryos from endogenous retrotransposons

2015 ◽  
Vol 112 (47) ◽  
pp. 14641-14646 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuki Hatanaka ◽  
Kimiko Inoue ◽  
Mami Oikawa ◽  
Satoshi Kamimura ◽  
Narumi Ogonuki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Histone Modifications ◽  
Histone Chaperone ◽  
Dna Demethylation ◽  
Mouse Embryos ◽  
Host Cells ◽  
Preimplantation Embryos ◽  
Histone H2ax ◽  
Major Mechanism ◽  
Preimplantation Mouse Embryos ◽  
Preimplantation Mouse

Substantial proportions of mammalian genomes comprise repetitive elements including endogenous retrotransposons. Although these play diverse roles during development, their appropriate silencing is critically important in maintaining genomic integrity in the host cells. The major mechanism for retrotransposon silencing is DNA methylation, but the wave of global DNA demethylation that occurs after fertilization renders preimplantation embryos exceptionally hypomethylated. Here, we show that hypomethylated preimplantation mouse embryos are protected from retrotransposons by repressive histone modifications mediated by the histone chaperone chromatin assembly factor 1 (CAF-1). We found that knockdown of CAF-1 with specific siRNA injections resulted in significant up-regulation of the retrotransposons long interspersed nuclear element 1, short interspersed nuclear element B2, and intracisternal A particle at the morula stage. Concomitantly, increased histone H2AX phosphorylation and developmental arrest of the majority (>95%) of embryos were observed. The latter was caused at least in part by derepression of retrotransposons, as treatment with reverse transcriptase inhibitors rescued some embryos. Importantly, ChIP analysis revealed that CAF-1 mediated the replacement of H3.3 with H3.1/3.2 at the retrotransposon regions. This replacement was associated with deposition of repressive histone marks, including trimethylation of histone H3 on lysine 9 (H3K9me3), H3K9me2, H3K27me3, and H4K20me3. Among them, H4K20me3 and H3K9me3 seemed to play predominant roles in retrotransposon silencing, as assessed by knockdown of specific histone methyltransferases and forced expression of unmethylatable mutants of H3.1K9 and H4K20. Our data thus indicate that CAF-1 is an essential guardian of the genome in preimplantation mouse embryos by deposition of repressive histone modifications via histone variant replacement.

Human Adenovirus Uptake by Preirnplantation Mouse Embryos

1972 ◽  
Vol 30 ◽  
pp. 268-269
Author(s):  
D. G. Chase ◽  
W. Winters ◽  
L. Piko
Keyword(s):  
Hela Cells ◽  
Human Adenovirus ◽  
Mouse Embryos ◽  
Equilibrium Density ◽  
Cell Stage ◽  
Virus Attachment ◽  
Preimplantation Mouse Embryos ◽  
Embryo Culture Medium ◽  
Preimplantation Mouse ◽  
Mouse Cells

Although the outlines of human adenovirus entry and uncoating in HeLa cells has been clarified in recent electron microscope studies, several details remain unclear or controversial. Furthermore, morphological features of early interactions of human adenovirus with non-permissive mouse cells have not been extensively documented. In the course of studies on the effects of human adenoviruses type 5 (AD-5) and type 12 on cultured preimplantation mouse embryos we have examined virus attachment, entry and uncoating. Here we present the ultrastructural findings for AD-5.AD-5 was grown in HeLa cells and purified by successive velocity gradient and equilibrium density gradient centrifugations in CsCl. After dialysis against PBS, virus was sedimented and resuspended in embryo culture medium. Embryos were placed in culture at the 2-cell stage in Brinster's medium.

Localization of Intracisternal a Particle Antigens in Neoplastic Cells and Preimplantation Mouse Embryos

1980 ◽  
Vol 38 ◽  
pp. 696-697
Author(s):  
Thomas T.F. Huang ◽  
Patricia G. Calarco
Keyword(s):  
Endoplasmic Reticulum ◽  
Normal Development ◽  
Mouse Embryos ◽  
Neoplastic Cells ◽  
Large Numbers ◽  
Preimplantation Mouse Embryos ◽  
Preimplantation Mouse ◽  
Intracisternal A Particle ◽  
Normal Feature

The stage specific appearance of a retravirus, termed the Intracisternal A particle (IAP) is a normal feature of early preimplantation development. To date, all feral and laboratory strains of Mus musculus and even Asian species such as Mus cervicolor and Mus pahari express the particles during the 2-8 cell stages. IAP form by budding into the endoplasmic reticulum and appear singly or as groups of donut-shaped particles within the cisternae (fig. 1). IAP are also produced in large numbers in several neoplastic cells such as certain plasmacytomas and rhabdomyosarcomas. The role of IAP, either in normal development or in neoplastic behavior, is unknown.

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