Acclimation of Stomatal Conductance to a CO2-Enriched Atmosphere and Elevated Temperature in Chenopodium album

1996 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 467 ◽  
Author(s):  
J Santrucek ◽  
RF Sage
Keyword(s):  
Stomatal Conductance ◽  
Elevated Co2 ◽  
Water Use ◽  
Growth Temperature ◽  
Chenopodium Album ◽  
Co2 Assimilation ◽  
Measurement Temperature ◽  
Temperature Regimes ◽  
Ambient Co2 ◽  
Intercellular Co2

Acclimation of stomatal conductance to different CO2 and temperature regimes was determined in Chenopodium album L. plants grown at one of three treatment conditions: 23�C and 350 μmol CO2 mol-1 air; 34�C and 350 μmol mol-1; and 34�C and 750 μmol mol-1. Stomatal conductance (gs) as a function of intercellular CO2 (Ci) was determined for each treatment at 25 and 35�C, and these data were used to estimate gains of the feedback loops linking changes in intercellular CO2 with stomatal conductance and net CO2 assimilation. Growth temperature affected the sensitivity of stomata to measurement temperature in a pattern that was influenced by intercellular CO2. Stomatal conductance more than doubled at intercellular CO2 varying between 200 and 600 μmol mol-1 as leaf temperature increased from 25 to 35�C for plants grown at 23�C. In contrast, stomatal conductance was almost unaffected by measurement temperature in plants grown at 34�C. Elevated growth CO2 attenuated the response of stomatal conductance to CO2, but growth temperature did not. Stomatal sensitivity to Ci was extended to higher Ci in plants grown in elevated CO2. As a result, plants grown at 750 μmol mol-1 CO2 had higher Ci/Ca at ambient CO2 values between 300 and 1200 �mol mol-1 than plants grown at 350 �mol mol-1 CO2. The gain of the stomatal loop was reduced in plants grown at elevated CO2 or at lower temperature when compared to plants grown at 350 μmol mol-1 and 34°C. Both photosynthetic and stomatal loop gains acclimated to elevated CO2 in proportion so that their ratio, integrated over the range of Ci in which the plant operates, remained constant. Water use efficiency (WUE) more than doubled after a short-term doubling of ambient CO2. However, the WUE of plant grown and measured at elevated CO2 was only about 1.5 times that of plant transiently exposed to elevated CO2, due to stomatal acclimation. An optimal strategy of water use was maintained for all growth treatments.

scholarly journals Response of in vitro Cultured Palm Oil Seedling Under Saline Condition to Elevated Carbon Dioxide and Photosynthetic Photon Flux Density

2012 ◽  
pp. 52-64
Author(s):  
Pet Roey Pascual ◽  
Krienkai Mosaleeyanon ◽  
Kanokwan Romyanon ◽  
Chalermpol Kirdmanee
Keyword(s):  
Stomatal Conductance ◽  
Net Photosynthetic Rate ◽  
Elevated Co2 ◽  
Photosynthetic Rate ◽  
Transpiration Rate ◽  
Pigment Contents ◽  
Salinity Levels ◽  
Oil Palms ◽  
Ambient Co2

Salt stress elicits various physiological and growth responses of oil palm. A laboratory experiment was conducted to determine the responses of oil palms cultured in vitro under varying salinity levels (0, 85.5, 171.11, 342.21 and 684.43 mM NaCl) to elevated CO2 (1000 μmol CO2/mol) and PPFD (100±5 μmol m-2s-1) in terms of growth characteristics, pigment contents and photosynthetic abilities. After 14 days of culture, net photosynthetic rate (μmol CO2 m-2s-1) of oil palms across varying salinity levels was 5.33 times higher than those cultured under ambient CO, (380±100 Mmol CO2/mol) and PPFD (50±5 μmol m-2s -1). At increased net photosynthetic rate (elevated CO2 and PPFD), despite having no significant difference in pigment contents (chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, total chlorophyll and carotenoid) between different CO2 and PPFD levels, dry weight and percent dry matter were 0.26 and 0.11 times higher, respectively, as compared to those cultured under ambient CO2 and PPFD. In the same elevated CO2 and PPFD level, across all salinity levels, stomatal conductance was 0.30 times lower than those cultured under ambient CO2 and PPFD. At reduced stomatal conductance (elevated CO2 and PPFD), transpiration rate was also reduced by 0.30 times. Thus with increased net photosynthetic rate and reduced transpiration rate, water use efficiency was increased by 7.22 times, across all salinity levels, than those cultured at ambient CO2 and PPFD. These were considered essential for NaCl produces iso-osmotic stress.

Responses of CO2 Assimilation, Transpiration and Water Use Efficiency to Long-Term Elevated CO2 in Perennial C3 Xeric Loess Steppe Species

1996 ◽  
Vol 148 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 356-361 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zoltán Tuba ◽  
Kálmán Szente ◽  
Zoltán Nagy ◽  
Zsolt Csintalan ◽  
Judit Koch
Keyword(s):  
Water Use Efficiency ◽  
Elevated Co2 ◽  
Water Use ◽  
Co2 Assimilation ◽  
Steppe Species ◽  
Use Efficiency

scholarly journals GROWTH AND PHYSIOLOGICAL RESPONSE OF COFFEE SEEDLINGS TREATED WITH FUNGICIDES

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 138 ◽  
Author(s):  
Viviane Maria Ruela ◽  
Adriano Bortolotti da Silva ◽  
André Delly Veiga ◽  
Thiago Corrêa de Souza ◽  
Daniele Maria Marques ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Use Efficiency ◽  
Water Use ◽  
Intercellular Co2 Concentration ◽  
Co2 Concentration ◽  
Co2 Assimilation ◽  
Fresh Matter ◽  
Fungicidal Action ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
Intercellular Co2

Research has shown that, in addition to the fungicidal action already known, strobilurins have positive physiological effects on the yield of some crops. Boscalid has also shown positive effects on plants, applied together or associated with strobilurin. The objective in this study was to evaluate the effect of fungicide application on growth and physiological behavior of coffee seedlings. The experimental design was in randomized blocks, with five replicates. There were five treatments: T1-Control, T2-Boscalid, T3-Pyraclostrobin, T4- Boscalid+ Pyraclostrobin and T5- Azoxystrobin applied in coffee seedlings. The application was at the “orelha de onça” stage (two round-shaped leaves), repeated every 15 days, counting 5 applications in total. Were evaluated shoot length, root length, stem diameter, shoot and root fresh matter, shoot and root dry matter, leaf photosynthesis, stomatal conductance, transpiration, intercellular CO2 concentration, water use efficiency and carboxylation efficiency. The application of fungicides promotes greater vegetative growth of coffee seedlings due to increased CO2 assimilation rate, reduced transpiration rates and increased water use efficiency, associated to the increased levels of auxin and cytokinins in leaves

scholarly journals Study of physiological responses of Allium sativum to elevated CO2 and temperature

2021 ◽  
Vol 42 (5) ◽  
pp. 1289-1297
Author(s):  
N. Rahman ◽  
◽  
R. Das ◽  
B.D. Narzary ◽  
D.B. Phookan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Temperature Gradient ◽  
Elevated Co2 ◽  
Allium Sativum ◽  
Physiological Responses ◽  
Co2 Concentration ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Temperature Regimes ◽  
Elevated Co2 And Temperature ◽  
Ambient Co2

Aim: The present investigation was undertaken to study the response of some garlic varieties of Allium sativum under different ambient and elevated CO2 and temperature conditions in order to investigate the physiological responses under changing climatic condition. Methodology: A two factorial CRD experiment was conducted for two years with four varieties of Allium sativum (Ekfutia Assam, Assam Local, Bhima Omkar and Bhima Purple) under four atmospheric regimes [T1= Ambient CO2 and temperature; T2= Carbon dioxide Temperature Gradient Tunnel-I (400 ppm CO2 + 2oC higher than ambient); T3 = Carbon dioxide Temperature Gradient Tunnel-II (550 ppm CO2 + 4oC higher than ambient); T4 = Carbon dioxide Temperature Gradient Tunnel-III (700 ppm CO2 + 6oC higher than ambient)]. Major changes in physiological parameters of the varieties were recorded in Carbon dioxide Temperature Gradient Tunnel-II as compared to ambient condition. The rate of photosynthesis was measured on fully expanded youngest leaves of each sample plant using a portable Infrared Gas Analyzer. Results: The mean photosynthetic rate of all four varieties grown over two years was 13.43% higher in Carbon dioxide Temperature Gradient Tunnel-II over varieties grown for two consecutive years under Ambient CO2 and temperature. However, high CO2 concentration and temperature stress significantly reduced the stomatal conductance approximately by 27.48%. Interpretation: The results of this study gives a comprehensive analysis of garlic varieties under four different climatic conditions of CO2 and temperature and revealed that Ekfutia Assam and Assam Local and garlic varieties Bhima Omkar and Bhima Purple were promising varieties as they responded significantly to elevated CO2 and temperature regimes. This may provide some critical inputs for optimizing the strategies in future farming and farming opportunities of this commercially and medicinally important crop under changing climatic conditions.

scholarly journals Physiological Variables in Pineapples Submitted to the Application of Diuron

2018 ◽  
Vol 36 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
A.R.J. CARVALHO ◽  
V.M. MAIA ◽  
I. ASPIAZÚ ◽  
R.F. PEGORARO ◽  
F.S OLIVEIRA
Keyword(s):  
Stomatal Conductance ◽  
Water Use Efficiency ◽  
Water Use ◽  
Photochemical Efficiency ◽  
Co2 Assimilation ◽  
Temporary Increase ◽  
Temporary Reduction ◽  
Physiological Variables ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
Herbicide Diuron

ABSTRACT Diuron is a widely used herbicide on pineapple cultivations. However, its application is recommended only for the implementation of the crop. The objective of this work was to evaluate the gas exchanges of four pineapple cultivars submitted to the application of the herbicide diuron at their reproductive stage. The experiment was conducted with the IAC Fantástico, Vitória, MD2 and Pérola pineapple cultivars using the active ingredient diuron at a dose of 7.5 mL L-1. Measurements of CO2 assimilation rate, stomatal conductance, transpiration, vapor pressure deficit and water use efficiency were carried out weekly, by the hour, on two plants per cultivar, over a 24 hour period. These determinations were carried out two days before the application of the herbicide and 8, 15, 22, 29 and 36 days after application of the herbicide. Measurement of photochemical efficiency was performed weekly on the same dates and all these determinations were made on the ‘D’ leaf. Measurements of gas exchange were performed with an infrared gas analyzer (IRGA) and of chlorophyll a fluorescence with a fluorometer. The application of diuron reduced the assimilation of CO2 in the pineapple varieties IAC Fantástico, Vitória, MD2 and Pérola, at their reproductive phase, in all CAM metabolism stages. Diuron promoted a temporary reduction of the stomatal conductance and a temporary increase in water use efficiency. The photochemical efficiency of the studied pineapple cultivars was negatively affected by the herbicide diuron, with the recovery of the initial values by cultivar IAC Fantástico.

scholarly journals Light Quality Affects Water Use of Sweet Basil by Changing Its Stomatal Development

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 303
Author(s):  
Sungeun Lim ◽  
Jongyun Kim
Keyword(s):  
Stomatal Conductance ◽  
Blue Light ◽  
Water Use ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Stomatal Density ◽  
Photon Flux ◽  
Photon Flux Density ◽  
Stomatal Development ◽  
Sweet Basil ◽  
Stomatal Responses

Different light qualities affect plant growth and physiological responses, including stomatal openings. However, most researchers have focused on stomatal responses to red and blue light only, and the direct measurement of evapotranspiration has not been examined. Therefore, we quantified the evapotranspiration of sweet basil under various red (R), green (G), and blue (B) combinations using light-emitting diodes (LEDs) and investigated its stomatal responses. Seedlings were subjected to five different spectral treatments for two weeks at a photosynthetic photon flux density of 200 µmol m−2 s−1. The ratios of the RGB light intensities were as follows: R 100% (R100), R:G = 75:25 (R75G25), R:B = 75:25 (R75B25), R:G:B = 60:20:20 (R60G20B20), and R:G:B = 31:42:27 (R31G42B27). During the experiment, the evapotranspiration of the plants was measured using load cells. Although there were no significant differences in growth parameters among the treatments, the photosynthetic rate and stomatal conductance were higher in plants grown under blue LEDs (R75B25, R60G20B20, and R31G42B27) than in the R100 treatment. The amount of water used was different among the treatments (663.5, 726.5, 728.7, 778.0, and 782.1 mL for the R100, R75G25, R60G20B20, R75B25, and R31G42B27 treatments, respectively). The stomatal density was correlated with the blue light intensity (p = 0.0024) and with the combined intensity of green and blue light (p = 0.0029); therefore, green light was considered to promote the stomatal development of plants together with blue light. Overall, different light qualities affected the water use of plants by regulating stomatal conductance, including changes in stomatal density.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document