Caution on the Use of the Generally Accepted Methanol Precipitation Technique for the Assay of Soluble Starch Synthase in Crude Extracts of Plant Tissues

1994 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 17 ◽  
Author(s):  
CF Jenner ◽  
K Denyer ◽  
JS Hawker
Keyword(s):  
Exchange Resin ◽  
Anion Exchange Resin ◽  
Degradation Products ◽  
Soluble Starch ◽  
Accurate Estimate ◽  
Starch Synthase ◽  
Plant Tissues ◽  
Alternative Procedure ◽  
Aqueous Methanol ◽  
Crude Extracts

The 14C-labelled glucan synthesised by soluble starch synthase (ADP glucose : 1,4-α-D-glucan-4-glucosyl transferase, EC 2.4.1.21) is partially degraded to glucose and maltose in assays of crude extracts of some plant organs. As these degradation products are not precipitated by treatment with aqueous methanol-KCl (75% v/v: 1% w/v), the conventional means by which the product of the starch synthase reaction is separated from the substrate, ADP[U-14C]glucose, the activity of the enzyme can be seriously underestimated. An alternative procedure involving the absorption of unreacted ADP[U-14C]glucose with anion exchange resin provides a more accurate estimate of the activity.

THE ESTIMATION OF NUCLEIC ACIDS IN SOME ALGAE AND HIGHER PLANTS

1960 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-49 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert M. Smillie ◽  
G. Krotkov
Keyword(s):  
Nucleic Acids ◽  
Paper Chromatography ◽  
Exchange Resin ◽  
Higher Plants ◽  
Anion Exchange Resin ◽  
Degradation Products ◽  
Higher Plant ◽  
High Acid Concentration ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Quantitative Separation

Several current methods for the extraction and estimation of nucleic acids in biological materials were applied to Euglena and other plants. The efficiency of both the preliminary extractions for acid-soluble-P and lipid-P and the subsequent extraction of the nucleic acids was studied. A relatively high acid concentration (15% TCA) was required to directly extract all the acid-soluble phosphates. These conditions appeared to remove a small amount of the RNA. Lower acid concentrations as used in the Ogur–Rosen method (2% PCA) failed to extract all the acid-soluble phosphates. By using a modification of the Ogur–Rosen initial extraction method, the acid-soluble phosphates were quantitatively extracted without loss of RNA. After removal of the acid-soluble phosphates and lipid phosphates, the plant nucleic acids were quantitatively extracted by either the Schmidt–Thannhauser or Schneider methods. In many of the plants tested, the presence of pentose-containing polysaccharides, protein degradation products, or polyphosphate (algae only) interfered in estimations based on either the Schneider or Schmidt–Thannhauser procedures. Such interfering substances in the Schmidt–Thannhauser method were eliminated by the use of an anion exchange resin. Details are given of a modified Schmidt–Thannhauser procedure which should be suitable for a wide range of plants. The modified procedure may be simplified for Euglena and some higher plant tissues depending on the nature and quantities of interfering substances present. Methods are also given for the quantitative separation of plant RNA nucleotides by paper chromatography and by ion exchange paper chromatography.

A caution against the use of polyvinylpyrrolidone in the extraction of plant glutamine synthetase

1978 ◽  
Vol 56 (11) ◽  
pp. 1382-1385 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ross Sadler ◽  
Michael Shaw
Keyword(s):  
Glutamine Synthetase ◽  
Exchange Resin ◽  
Total Phenolics ◽  
Anion Exchange Resin ◽  
Plant Tissues ◽  
Plant Phenolics ◽  
Small Loss ◽  
Complete Inactivation ◽  
Per Se ◽  
Satisfactory Recovery

The successful extraction of glutamine synthetase from most plant tissues requires the removal of plant phenolics. Extraction in the presence of polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) was found to be unsatisfactory with all but one of the species tested. The effect varied in magnitude from a small loss of activity to complete inactivation of the enzyme. With flax cotyledons, no activity could be recovered using PVP. This failure resulted from (1) failure of polyvinylpyrrolidone to remove certain phenolics quantitatively during extraction and (2) inhibition of glutamine synthetase per se. Homogenization with small quantities of anion exchange resin usually gave satisfactory recovery, although this procedure removed less total phenolics than did PVP: it was necessary, however, to use the resin in much lower quantities than those previously prescribed to avoid adsorption of the enzyme itself.

PEMODELAN MATEMATIS ADSORPSI CO2 DENGAN STRONG BASE ANION EXCHANGE RESIN SEBAGAI ADSORBEN UNTUK PURIFIKASI BIOGAS

2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 11
Author(s):  
Anies Mutiari ◽  
Wiratni Wiratni ◽  
Aswati Mindaryani
Keyword(s):  
Anion Exchange ◽  
Pilot Plant ◽  
Exchange Resin ◽  
Anion Exchange Resin ◽  
Scale Up ◽  
Sum Of Squares ◽  
Strong Base ◽  
Model Transfer ◽  
Plant Parameter

Pemurnian biogas telah banyak dilakukan untuk menghilangkan kadar CO2  dan meningkatkan kandungan CH4  yang terkandung di dalamnya. Kandungan CH4 yang tinggi akan memberikan unjuk kerja yang lebih baik. Model  matematis proses adsorpsi CO2 disusun berdasarkan teori lapisan film antar fasa, dimana pada proses yang ditinjau terdapat tiga fase yaitu gas, cair dan padat. Model matematis dari data eksperimental   kecepatan dan kesetimbangan proses adsorpsi CO2 melalui mekanisme pertukaran ion di suatu kolom adsorpsi telah dibuat. Model ini dibuat untuk mencari konstanta yang dapat dipergunakan pada proses scale up data laboratorium ke skala pilot plant. Parameter proses kecepatan yang dicari nilainya adalah koefisien transfer massa massa volumetris CO2 pada fase cair (kLa), koefisien transfer massa volumetris CO2 pada fasegas (kGa) dan tetapan laju reaksi (k1 dan k2). Pada hasil penelitian ini ditunjukkan bahwa nilai parameter yang diperoleh sesuai hasil fitting data dengan model matematis yang digunakan, yaitu model transfer massa pada lapisan film antar fase secara seri: adalah kGa, kla, k1 dan k2  dengan nilai Sum of Squares Error (SSE) rata-rata 0,0431. Perbandingan nilai kGa hasil simulasi dan teoritisnya memberikan kesalahan rata-rata 18,79%. Perbandingan nilai kLa hasil simulasi dan teoritis memberikan kesalahan rata-rata 7,92%.Kata kunci: model matematis, adsorpsi CO2, pemurnian biogas

Catalysis of the Photodecomposition of Chloroform by a Polystyrene Anion Exchange Resin

2013 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 79-87 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura A. Pena ◽  
Alissa M. Chan ◽  
Larissa R. Cohen ◽  
Karen Hou ◽  
Brent M. Harvey ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Anion Exchange ◽  
Exchange Resin ◽  
Anion Exchange Resin

scholarly journals Toward an understanding of the biogenesis of the starch granule. Determination of granule-bound and soluble starch synthase functions in amylopectin synthesis.

1994 ◽  
Vol 269 (40) ◽  
pp. 25150-25157
Author(s):  
M.L. Maddelein ◽  
N. Libessart ◽  
F. Bellanger ◽  
B. Delrue ◽  
C. D'Hulst ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Starch Granule ◽  
Soluble Starch ◽  
Starch Synthase
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