Elicitation of Pisatin in Pea (Pisum sativum L.) By Copper-Asparagine Complexes

1987 ◽  
Vol 14 (5) ◽  
pp. 549 ◽  
Author(s):  
IAM Cruickshank ◽  
WF Dudman ◽  
MB Peoples ◽  
MM Smith
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Pisum Sativum ◽  
Aspartic Acid ◽  
Topical Application ◽  
Mode Of Action ◽  
Amino Nitrogen ◽  
Plant Cells ◽  
The Other ◽  
Pisum Sativum L ◽  
H 20

The early events in the mode-of-action of CuCl2 solutions in relation to pisatin elicitation were examined. Cu2+ ions were rapidly adsorbed to or taken up by pea endocarp tissue from CuCl2 solutions and large quantities of amino acids and sugars were rapidly released from the plant cells into the external solutions. Asparagine accounted for 56% of the amino-nitrogen while glucose represented 58% of the sugars. The concentration increases of asparagine and glucose relative to the water controls were approximately 140- and 180-fold respectively. The enhanced pisatin elicitor activity of pea-Cu2+ -leachates (4 h, 20°C) obtained following the topical application of CuCl2 solutions to endocarp tissues was primarily due to the formation in the external solutions of Cu2+ -asparagine complexes. This was demonstrated by their isolation, identification and bioassay, and by the bioassay of synthetic Cu2+ -asparagine complexes. Cu2+ - complexes with other amino acids also present in pod leachates were prepared and their differential pisatin elicitor activity compared to asparagine. Only aspartic acid-complexes exhibited higher elicitor activity (109%) than Cu2+-asparagine. The other amino acids used resulted in pisatin concentrations 64 (homoserine) to 78% (glutamine) of that induced by asparagine.

The influence of diet on the nitrogenous components passing to the duodenum and through the lower ileum of sheep

1966 ◽  
Vol 166 (1002) ◽  
pp. 63-79 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Glutamic Acid ◽  
Nitrogen Content ◽  
Aspartic Acid ◽  
Total Nitrogen ◽  
Amino Nitrogen ◽  
Terminal Part ◽  
High Nitrogen ◽  
Low Nitrogen ◽  
Lower Ileum

Analyses of the alimentary contents flowing to the duodenum of sheep during 24 h show that when the sheep are consuming a low-nitrogen diet more total nitrogen and amino nitrogen pass to the duodenum than are eaten daily in the food whereas when the sheep are eating high nitrogen diets, less total nitrogen and less amino nitrogen pass to the duodenum. The disparity between the total nitrogen and amino nitrogen content of the diets largely disappeared by the time the alimentary contents reached the terminal part of the ileum. From 64 to 68% of the nitrogen entering the duodenum and 54 to 64% of the nitrogen in the ileal contents was in the form of amino nitrogen. Proportionately more of the amino nitrogen was in solution in the ileal contents than in the duodenal contents. Losses of amino acids in the stomach when a high-nitrogen diet was consumed were especially large for glutamic acid, aspartic acid, proline, arginine and leucine. They were least for cystine and threonine. Gains of amino acids in the stomach when low nitrogen diets were consumed were all substantial except for proline, where a loss was found when hay and flaked maize were given. When these changes are considered as proportions of the quantities eaten then trends are similar for all acids. Changes in the molar proportions of the amino acids present in hydrolysates of the duodenal and ileal contents are discussed together with the significance of these changes in relation to the nutrition of the sheep.

scholarly journals Effect of water availability on changes in root amino acids and associated rhizosphere on root exudation of amino acids in Pisum sativum L.

2019 ◽  
Vol 161 ◽  
pp. 75-85 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hélène Bobille ◽  
Joëlle Fustec ◽  
Richard J. Robins ◽  
Caroline Cukier ◽  
Anis M. Limami
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Pisum Sativum ◽  
Water Availability ◽  
Root Exudation ◽  
Effect Of Water ◽  
Pisum Sativum L

Release of Amino Acids from Cotyledons of Developing Seeds of Pea (Pisum sativum L.)

1989 ◽  
Vol 134 (5) ◽  
pp. 592-597 ◽  
Author(s):  
F.C. Lanfermeijer ◽  
J.W. Koerselman-Kooij ◽  
C. Kollöffel ◽  
A.C. Borstlap
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Pisum Sativum ◽  
Developing Seeds ◽  
Pisum Sativum L

THE ROLE OF GLYCOSYLATED AMINO ACIDS OF WALL-BOUND PROTEIN IN CELL EXTENSION OF STEMS OF PISUM SATIVUM L. PLANTS

1978 ◽  
Vol 27 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 405-415 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Winter ◽  
I. C. M. Wiersema ◽  
D. T. Walbrecht ◽  
H. Buffinga
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Pisum Sativum ◽  
Cell Extension ◽  
Pisum Sativum L

Pisum sativum cultivar effects on hydrogen metabolism in Rhizobium

1984 ◽  
Vol 62 (8) ◽  
pp. 1682-1686 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eulogio J. Bedmar ◽  
Donald A. Phillips
Keyword(s):  
Pisum Sativum ◽  
Relative Efficiency ◽  
Rhizobium Leguminosarum ◽  
Root Nodules ◽  
Developmental Differences ◽  
The Other ◽  
Hydrogenase Activity ◽  
Uptake Hydrogenase ◽  
Hydrogen Metabolism ◽  
Pisum Sativum L

Data from 14 Pisum sativum L. cultivars establish that three pea genotypes, which were previously reported to affect net H2 evolution from root nodules in air and uptake hydrogenase activity of Rhizobium leguminosarum 128C53, are not unique. Two pea lines, 'JI1205' and 'Green Arrow,' produced very active uptake hydrogenase activity in strain 128C53, and essentially no H2 was evolved in air from root nodules capable of reducing 20 μmol C2H2 ∙ plan−1 ∙ h−1. Five other cultivars produced significantly lower uptake hydrogenase activities in the same bacterial strain and had much higher rates of net H2 evolution with similar C2H2-reduction capabilities. Parallel experiments with the same cultivars nodulated by R. leguminosarum 300, an organism with no convincing uptake hydrogenase activity in any pea line, showed that 'JI1205' and 'Green Arrow' had a significantly lower relative efficiency (RE) of N2 fixation (1 − (H2 evolved in air/C2H2 reduced)) than the other five cultivars. Developmental differences among the pea lines prevented any conclusion about the advantages or disadvantages of uptake hydrogenase activity for plant growth, but in general, cultivars with high uptake hydrogenase activity and low net H2 evolution grew more slowly than those evolving large amounts of H2.

Nutritional value of peas (Pisum sativum L.) for broilers: apparent metabolisable energy, apparent ileal amino acid digestibility and production performance

2011 ◽  
Vol 51 (2) ◽  
pp. 150 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. L. Nalle ◽  
V. Ravindran ◽  
G. Ravindran
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Pisum Sativum ◽  
Digestive Tract ◽  
Soybean Meal ◽  
Nutritional Value ◽  
Production Performance ◽  
Partial Replacement ◽  
Pisum Sativum L ◽  
Metabolisable Energy

Two experiments were conducted to evaluate the nutritional value of four cultivars (Santana, Miami, Courier and Rex) of peas (Pisum sativum L.) for broilers. In Experiment 1, the apparent metabolisable energy (AME) and the apparent ileal amino acid digestibility of these four cultivars were determined. The cultivar effects were found to be not significant (P > 0.05) for the AME and apparent ileal digestibility of amino acids, with the exception of arginine, which was lower (P < 0.05) in Courier than other cultivars. In Experiment 2, using the energy and digestible amino acid values determined in Experiment 1, diets containing 200 g/kg of the four cultivars of peas were formulated and the effects of feeding these diets on the performance and digestive tract development of broiler starters was investigated. Weight gain, feed intake and feed per gain of broiler starters fed diets containing peas were similar (P > 0.05) to those fed the maize-soybean meal diet. In general, the digestive tract development was unaffected (P > 0.05) by the inclusion of peas. The excreta scores of birds fed diets based on Santana, Miami and Rex were similar (P > 0.05) and that of the Courier-based diet was lower (P < 0.05) than those fed the maize-soy control diet. These results suggest that peas are good sources of metabolisable energy and digestible amino acids, and that they can be included at 200 g/kg level as a partial replacement for soybean meal in broiler starter diets without adverse effects on performance.

scholarly journals Unravelling the puzzle of anthranoids metabolism in living plant cells using spectral imaging coupled to mass spectrometry

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Quentin Chevalier ◽  
Jean-Baptiste Gallé ◽  
Nicolas Wasser ◽  
Valérie Mazan ◽  
Claire Villette ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Confocal Microscopy ◽  
Mode Of Action ◽  
Plant Cells ◽  
Spectral Imaging ◽  
The Other ◽  
Targeted Metabolomics ◽  
Fluorescent Properties ◽  
Living Plant

Vismione H (VH) is a fluorescent prenylated anthranoid produced by plants from the Hypericaceae family, with antiprotozoal activities against malaria and leishmaniosis. Little is known about its biosynthesis and metabolism in plants or its mode of action against parasites. When VH is isolated from Psorospermum glaberrimum, it is rapidly converted into madagascine anthrone and anthraquinone, which are characterized by markedly different fluorescent properties. To locate the fluorescence of VH in living plant cells and discriminate it from that of the other metabolites, an original strategy combining spectral imaging (SImaging), confocal microscopy and non-targeted metabolomics using mass spectrometry, was developed. Besides VH, structurally related molecules including madagascine, emodin, quinizarin as well as lapachol and fraxetin were analyzed. This strategy readily allowed a spatiotemporal characterization and discrimination of spectral fingerprints from anthranoids-derived metabolites and related complexes with cations and proteins. In addition, our study validates the capability of plant cells to metabolize VH into madagascine anthrone, anthraquinones and unexpected metabolites, leading to new hypotheses on the metabolism of anthranoids in plants.

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