15n Moved to the Grain of Winter Wheat When Applied as Nitrate to Senescing Flag Leaves.

1982 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 641 ◽  
Author(s):  
WM Blacklow
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Nitrogen Content ◽  
Nitrate Nitrogen ◽  
Nitrogen Nutrition ◽  
Emission Spectrometry ◽  
Flag Leaves ◽  
Grain Nitrogen ◽  
Days After Anthesis

Flag leaves of wheat in the field took up a solution containing 30 mM K15NO3 through their cut tips. Treatment was applied 37 days after anthesis and uptake was allowed to continue for intervals up to 76 h by which time about 0.6 mg of 15N nitrate nitrogen was taken up. At the time of treatment, the flag leaves from plants grown under two levels of nitrogen nutrition had lost half of their nitrogen content and were exporting it at about 0.2 mg per day. Despite this state of senescence the flag leaves were able to reduce the nitrate and 30-40% of that taken up was translocated to the grain within 3 days. No nitrate accumulated in the leaves or grain. Emission spectrometry was sufficiently sensitive to detect 15N which increased from 0.02 to 1.18% of grain nitrogen during the 76 h of accumulation.

scholarly journals The use of NDVI to determine the nitrogen content in winter wheat plants in the Stavropol Territory

2019 ◽  
Vol 191 (12) ◽  
pp. 19-30
Author(s):  
I. STORCHAK ◽  
I. V. Chernova ◽  
F. Eroshenko ◽  
Tatiana Voloshenkova ◽  
Elena Shestakova
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Nitrogen Content ◽  
Vegetation Index ◽  
Grain Quality ◽  
Normalized Difference Vegetation Index ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Nitrogen Nutrition ◽  
Inverse Correlation ◽  
Research Centre ◽  
Federal State

Abstract. Lack of nitrogen leads to a decrease in yield and grain quality in winter wheat plants. Therefore, it is necessary to monitor nitrogen nutrition throughout the period of growth and development of plants, which will quickly assess the need for fertilizing to obtain high yields of quality grain. Therefore, the aim of the study was to establish the possibility of using the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) to control the nitrogen content in winter wheat plants in the Stavropol territory. Methods. The work was performed in federal state budgetary scientific institution “North-Caucasian Federal Agricultural Research Centre” at the production of winter crops. Selection of plant samples (sheaf material) was carried out according to the generally accepted method. Repeated – 4x. Determination of the chemical composition of plant organs was carried out by the method of V. T. Kurkaev with co-authors, and the content of chlorophyll – Milaeva and Primak. Results. Since the quality of winter wheat grain directly depends on the nitrogen supply of plants, the relationships between the nitrogen content in winter wheat plants and the values of the vegetation index NDVI were studied. High correlation coefficients between these indicators are obtained. Thus, the average of Rcorr fields.in 2012 it was equal to –0.89, and in 2013 and 2014 –0.82. In addition, due to the dependence of nitrogen content on the amount of chlorophyll, it was possible to analyze the correlation between these indicators and NDVI fields, which showed that a stable relationship (inverse) is observed in the case of the amount of chlorophyll per unit biomass (mg/g), which is estimated on average at –0.79. The interrelation between grain quality and earth remote sensing data is revealed. It is most clearly seen in the case of the maximum and average NDVI for the period from the resumption of spring vegetation to full ripeness of winter wheat. Scientific novelty. For the first time in the conditions of unstable humidification of the Stavropol territory, a high inverse correlation between the vegetation index NDVI and the nitrogen content in winter wheat plants was determined, which on average is estimated by the correlation coefficient equal to –0.84.

Effect of nitrogen fertilizer rate on soil nitrate nitrogen content after harvesting winter wheat

1990 ◽  
Vol 114 (2) ◽  
pp. 171-176 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Chaney
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Nitrogen Content ◽  
Nitrate Nitrogen ◽  
Soil Horizon ◽  
Fertilizer Treatment ◽  
Soil Nitrate ◽  
Fertilizer Rate ◽  
Mineral N ◽  
Nitrate N ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilizer Rate

SUMMARYThe nitrate nitrogen content of the soil (0–90 cm) was measured immediately after the harvest of winter wheat at eight sites in central and eastern England in 1987 and 1988. On average, 50% of the total nitrate detected was in the 0–30 cm, 30% in the 30–60 cm and 20% in the 60–90 cm soil horizon. Although soil nitrate N increased with the amount of N fertilizer applied, it was not a linear relationship. There were small nonsignificant increases in soil nitrate up to the optimum fertilizer rate for yield but, once the optimum was reached, further addition of fertilizer increased nitrate contents significantly.Therefore, applying the correct quantity of N for high grain yield did not significantly increase soil nitrate residues after harvest compared with the no-fertilizer treatment. This emphasizes the importance of applying the appropriate rate of N for each crop, because applying too much is not only uneconomic but also significantly increases the amount of mineral N which could be subsequently leached over the winter.

scholarly journals Soil Nitrate Nitrogen Content and Grain Yields of Organically Grown Cereals as Affected by a Strip Tillage and Forage Legume Intercropping

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 1453
Author(s):  
Aušra Arlauskienė ◽  
Viktorija Gecaitė ◽  
Monika Toleikienė ◽  
Lina Šarūnaitė ◽  
Žydrė Kadžiulienė
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Nitrogen Content ◽  
Nitrate Nitrogen ◽  
Soil Nitrate ◽  
Forage Legume ◽  
Forage Legumes ◽  
Grain Yields ◽  
Strip Tillage ◽  
Perennial Legumes ◽  
Strip Intercropping

Reducing tillage intensity and increasing crop diversity by including perennial legumes is an agrotechnical practice that strongly affects the soil environment. Strip tillage may be beneficial in the forage legume–cereals intercropping system due to more efficient utilization of biological nitrogen. Field experiments were conducted on a clay loam Cambisol to determine the effect of forage legume–winter wheat strip tillage intercropping on soil nitrate nitrogen (N-NO3) content and cereal productivity in various sequences of rotation in organic production systems. Forage legumes (Medicago lupulina L., Trifolium repens L., T. alexandrinum L.) grown in pure and forage legume–winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) strip tillage intercrops were studied. Conventional deep inversion tillage was compared to strip tillage. Nitrogen supply to winter wheat was assessed by the change in soil nitrate nitrogen content (N-NO3) and total N accumulation in yield (grain and straw). Conventional tillage was found to significantly increase N-NO3 content while cultivating winter wheat after forage legumes in late autumn (0–30 cm layer), after growth resumption in spring (30–60 cm), and in autumn after harvesting (30–60 cm). Soil N-NO3 content did not differ significantly between winter wheat strip sown in perennial legumes or oat stubble. Winter wheat grain yields increased with increasing N-NO3 content in soil. The grain yield was not significantly different when comparing winter wheat–forage legume strip intercropping (without mulching) to strip sowing in oat stubble. In forage legume–winter wheat strip intercropping, N release from legumes was weak and did not meet wheat nitrogen requirements.

scholarly journals Influence of agricultural technology elements on nitrogen nutrition of winter wheat

2020 ◽  
pp. 55-58
Author(s):  
Irina Vladimirovna Engovatova ◽  
Elena Olegovna Shestakova ◽  
Irina Gennadievna Storchak ◽  
Fedor Vladimirovich Eroshenko
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Nitrogen Content ◽  
Nitrogen Nutrition ◽  
Remote Sensing Data ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
North Caucasus ◽  
Seeding Rate ◽  
The North ◽  
Cultivation Technology ◽  
New Varieties

The purpose of our research is to study the influence of the main elements of cultivation technology on the nitrogen nutrition of winter wheat plants of varieties selected by THE North Caucasus Federal RESEARCH center (Mikhailovsk, Stavropol territory), as well as to establish the possibility of assessing the nitrogen content based on remote sensing data. Methods. The field experiment was performed in accordance with the guidelines of B. A. Dospekhov. The nitrogen content was determined by the method of V. T. Kurkaev and co-authors. NDVI data was obtained using a Greenseeker hand-held scanner (Trimble). Found that the use of mineral fertilizers in technology of winter wheat cultivation increases the relative content of nitrogen in plants at the end of generative period by 30.7-61.3% as at the predecessor pairs and 12-52,5 % for the predecessor winter wheat. The highest nitrogen content in plants was observed at the seeding rate of 4 million/ha (the excess compared to 5 and 6 million/ha is 4.3-19 %). The influence of seeding dates and norms on the relative nitrogen content is not always unambiguous and depends on the conditions of a particular year. Among the varieties, Anisimovka shows high nitrogen content. During the earing phase, there is a direct correlation between the NDVI of winter wheat crops and the relative nitrogen content in plants, the correlation coefficient on average over the years of the study is 0.72. The scientific novelty of the study is that for the first time for the zone of unstable humidification of the Stavropol territory, the influence of elements of cultivation technology on the features of nitrogen nutrition of plants of new varieties of winter wheat was analyzed, and a correlation was established between the nitrogen content in the earing phase and the NDVI index.

scholarly journals Wpływ nawożenia azotowego na niektóre właściwości fizjologiczne i morfologiczno-anatomiczne Lolium multiflorum Lam. (formy tetraploidalnej) [Effect of nitrogen nutrition on some physiological, morphological, and anatomical properties of tetraploidal form of Lolium multiflorum Lam.]

2015 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 95-119
Author(s):  
B. Gej ◽  
H. Baranowska ◽  
J. Mazurowa ◽  
B. Rogozińska
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Content ◽  
Nitrate Nitrogen ◽  
Nitrogen Nutrition ◽  
Lolium Multiflorum ◽  
Italian Ryegrass ◽  
Vascular Bundles ◽  
One Pot ◽  
Anatomical Properties ◽  
Area Unit ◽  
High Doses

In pot experiments the high doses of nitrogen (3.50 g of NH<sub>4</sub>NO<sub>4</sub> per one pot with 9.5 kg of sand) cause the increase of tillering intensity, leaf assimilatory area, water as well as chlorophyll (a+b) content, total and nitrate nitrogen content, and biomass increment of Italian ryegrass (tetraploid) plants. However, these doses do not effect: the nucleic acids content, number of stomata (per surface area unit of leaf blades), number of vascular bundles in leaves, and the intensity of <sup>14</sup>CO<sub>2</sub> uptake by these leaves.

scholarly journals Variability of genotype and inheritance of grain nitrogen content in winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)

Genetika ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-32
Author(s):  
Desimir Knezevic ◽  
Sonja Maric ◽  
Vlado Kovacevic ◽  
Nevena Djukic ◽  
Srdjan Atanasijevic
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Nitrogen Content ◽  
Wheat Plant ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Wheat Cultivars ◽  
Partial Dominance ◽  
Grain Nitrogen ◽  
Nitrogen Contents ◽  
Mode Of Inheritance

In diallel crosses (without reciprocals) of four genetically divergent wheat cultivars (Yugoslavia, Osijecanka, Zitnica, and NS Rana 2) the variability and inheritance of nitrogen content in wheat plant were investigated. The mode of inheritance, gene effect, heritability in parent cultivars and F2 hybrids were studied. The different mode of inheritance: partial dominance, intermediate and overdominance for analyzed trait was established. Among parent cultivars, the highest nitrogen contents had Novosadska Rana 2 (3.52%). The combination Zitnica/NS Rana 2 in F2 grain generation was the best for nitrogen content.

scholarly journals NITROGEN CONTENT IN SOIL AND NITRATE REDUCTASE ACTIVITY IN WINTER WHEAT LEAVES WITH THE USE OF NITROGEN FERTILIZERS

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 13-19
Author(s):  
Natalya Bakaeva
Keyword(s):  
Nitrate Reductase ◽  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Nitrogen Content ◽  
Nitrogen Nutrition ◽  
Reductase Activity ◽  
Soil Layer ◽  
Central Zone ◽  
Vegetation Period ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilizers ◽  
Wheat Leaves

The purpose of the study is increasing the efficiency of using nitrogen fertilizers and its effect on nitrate-reducing capacity of the leaf apparatus. The research was conducted in 2016-2018 in the Central zone of the Samara re-gion. The predecessor is complete fellow. Svetoch winter wheat elite seed varieties were used for sowing. Seeding was carried out in the experimental fields of the laboratory «Agroecology» of the Samara state University. Nitrate and ammonium nitrogen content in soil layer of 0-30 cm depth was estimated before planting and after plant nutri-tion with nitrogen fertilizers in regard to the growth phases (tillering, elongation and heading), the content of nitro-gen, protein and nitrate reductase enzyme activity in leaves during plant development. Dynamics changes of nitro-gen content in the soil and after fertilization with nitrogen shows that during vegetation period of plants, the amount of nitrogen is sufficient for their growth. As the phenological phases of plants change, the content of nitrogen and protein in winter wheat leaves increases, and activity of the enzyme nitrate reductase lifts, which catalyzes nitrate regeneration to nitrite. The value of the activity of the enzyme nitrate reductase in leaves can serve as a criterion for evaluating the availability of plants with the nitrate form of nitrogen. In future, the activity of this enzyme can be used as an indicator of optimizing nitrogen nutrition of plants aimed at metabolic processes. The use of various nitrogen fertilizers, and to a greater extent ammonium nitrate, increased the supply of plants with nitrogen, which is later used by them in the reutilization of nitrogen from leaves to the emerging seed, thus contributing to quality of grain.

Diagnosis of nitrogen nutrition in winter wheat (Triticum aestivum) via SPAD-502 and GreenSeeker

2010 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 748-752 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hao HU ◽  
You-Lu BAI ◽  
Li-Ping YANG ◽  
Yan-Li LU ◽  
Lei WANG ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Nitrogen Nutrition

Quantitative trait loci analysis of nitrate-nitrogen content in Italian ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum Lam.)

Euphytica ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 217 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Wenqing Tan ◽  
Di Zhang ◽  
Nana Yuyama ◽  
Jun Chen ◽  
Shinichi Sugita ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Trait Loci ◽  
Nitrogen Content ◽  
Quantitative Trait ◽  
Nitrate Nitrogen ◽  
Lolium Multiflorum ◽  
Italian Ryegrass ◽  
Trait Loci
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