Effects of Water Deficit on Leaf Development in Tobacco

1975 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 291 ◽  
Author(s):  
BF Clough ◽  
FL Milthorpe
Keyword(s):  
Water Deficit ◽  
Water Shortage ◽  
Cell Number ◽  
Similar Response ◽  
Leaf Initiation ◽  
Small Water ◽  
Palisade Cells ◽  
Reduced Rate ◽  
Simple Logistic ◽  
Response To Water

Leaf initiation, leaf area, and the numbers and areas of palisade cells in developing leaves at five nodes were followed during a period in which tobacco plants were deprived of water. The rate of leaf initiation in well-watered plants was constant with time, but was rapidly reduced by a small water deficit and ceased at leaf water potentials of less than - 750 J kg-1. Cell expansion showed a similar response to water shortage, but cell division was much less sensitive, continuing although at a reduced rate even after leaf expansion had ceased. The expansion of a leaf on a well-watered plant could be described by a simple logistic relation with time from unfolding. The course of cell number and size during expansion could be accounted for by assuming that cells always divided at the same size, that the proportion of cells passing into a further cycle of division decreased as a negative logistic of time and that all cells expanded in the same manner, i.e, over 4 days at a rate which fell linearly with time.

Physiological Aspects of Racomitrium crispipilum Taylor A. (Jaeger) during Dry Season in Páramo de Chingaza, Colombia

2009 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Andrés Felipe Barón ◽  
Walther García ◽  
Luz Marina Melgarejo ◽  
Luis Carlos Montenegro
Keyword(s):  
Water Deficit ◽  
Soluble Protein ◽  
Water Shortage ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Dry Season ◽  
Mountain Range ◽  
Relative Water ◽  
The Hours ◽  
Peroxidase Enzyme ◽  
Response To Water

In order to study the response to water deficit of the moss Racomitrium crispipilum (Taylor) A. Jaeger, a bryophyte typical of open sites and expose to water shortage, measurements of its soluble protein and proline contents, and enzymatic activity of catalase and peroxidase were made. Sampling was done in the Páramo de Chingaza, eastern mountain range of Colombia, in the zone of Lagunas de Buitrago during the dry season. We determined that R. crispipilum diminish its relative water content (RWC) from 50% to 4% of its dry mass (DM) (i.e. to <10% of its capacity), without losing the ability to synthesize proteins in the rehydration. Declining RWC was associated with declining soluble protein content and increased activities of catalase and peroxidase. Enzyme activities peacked in the hours at which R. crispipilum exhibited its minimum RWC (21.02 U mg protein-1 min-1 for catalase and 172.66 for peroxidase). Proline was found to be high during the hours of maximum RWC and the earliest hours of diminishing RWC, between 60 and 87.07 mg g dry mass-1 and declines to 18.98 during the afternoon. The results reported in this study give the first evidence that the activities of catalase and peroxidase increase in this species in response to conditions of water deficit. This is likely to be an important component in the mechanism by which this moss tolerates drought periods.

scholarly journals Candidate genes and SNPs associated with stomatal conductance under drought stress in Vitis

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Massimiliano Trenti ◽  
Silvia Lorenzi ◽  
Pier Luigi Bianchedi ◽  
Daniele Grossi ◽  
Osvaldo Failla ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drought Stress ◽  
Stomatal Conductance ◽  
Candidate Genes ◽  
Water Deficit ◽  
Genetic Basis ◽  
Phenotypic Diversity ◽  
Snp Array ◽  
A Genome ◽  
Raffinose Synthase ◽  
Response To Water

Abstract Background Understanding the complexity of the vine plant’s response to water deficit represents a major challenge for sustainable winegrowing. Regulation of water use requires a coordinated action between scions and rootstocks on which cultivars are generally grafted to cope with phylloxera infestations. In this regard, a genome-wide association study (GWAS) approach was applied on an ‘ad hoc’ association mapping panel including different Vitis species, in order to dissect the genetic basis of transpiration-related traits and to identify genomic regions of grape rootstocks associated with drought tolerance mechanisms. The panel was genotyped with the GrapeReSeq Illumina 20 K SNP array and SSR markers, and infrared thermography was applied to estimate stomatal conductance values during progressive water deficit. Results In the association panel the level of genetic diversity was substantially lower for SNPs loci (0.32) than for SSR (0.87). GWAS detected 24 significant marker-trait associations along the various stages of drought-stress experiment and 13 candidate genes with a feasible role in drought response were identified. Gene expression analysis proved that three of these genes (VIT_13s0019g03040, VIT_17s0000g08960, VIT_18s0001g15390) were actually induced by drought stress. Genetic variation of VIT_17s0000g08960 coding for a raffinose synthase was further investigated by resequencing the gene of 85 individuals since a SNP located in the region (chr17_10,497,222_C_T) was significantly associated with stomatal conductance. Conclusions Our results represent a step forward towards the dissection of genetic basis that modulate the response to water deprivation in grape rootstocks. The knowledge derived from this study may be useful to exploit genotypic and phenotypic diversity in practical applications and to assist further investigations.

miR398 and miR408 are up-regulated in response to water deficit in Medicago truncatula

Planta ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 231 (3) ◽  
pp. 705-716 ◽  
Author(s):  
Inês Trindade ◽  
Cláudio Capitão ◽  
Tamas Dalmay ◽  
Manuel Pedro Fevereiro ◽  
Dulce Metelo dos Santos
Keyword(s):  
Water Deficit ◽  
Medicago Truncatula ◽  
Response To Water

scholarly journals Analysis of Cytosine Methylation Pattern in Response to Water Deficit in Pea Root Tips

Plant Biology ◽  
2002 ◽  
Vol 4 (6) ◽  
pp. 694-699 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Labra ◽  
A. Ghiani ◽  
S. Citterio ◽  
S. Sgorbati ◽  
F. Sala ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Deficit ◽  
Cytosine Methylation ◽  
Methylation Pattern ◽  
Root Tips ◽  
Pea Root ◽  
Response To Water

Relationships between physiological traits and productivity of sugarcane in response to water deficit

2012 ◽  
Vol 152 (1) ◽  
pp. 104-118 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. DE A. SILVA ◽  
J. L. JIFON ◽  
J. A. G. DA SILVA ◽  
C. M. DOS SANTOS ◽  
V. SHARMA
Keyword(s):  
Water Deficit ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Water Deficit Stress ◽  
Chlorophyll Contents ◽  
Physiological Variables ◽  
Drought Tolerant ◽  
Relative Water ◽  
Leaf Relative Water Content ◽  
Sugarcane Productivity ◽  
Response To Water

SUMMARYThe relationships between physiological variables and sugarcane productivity under water deficit conditions were investigated in field studies during 2005 and 2006 in Weslaco, Texas, USA. A total of 78 genotypes and two commercial varieties were studied, one of which was drought-tolerant (TCP93-4245) and the other drought-sensitive (TCP87-3388). All genotypes were subjected to two irrigation regimes: a control well-watered treatment (wet) and a moderate water-deficit stress (dry) treatment for a period of 90 days. Maximum quantum efficiency of photosystem II (Fv/Fm), estimated chlorophyll content (SPAD index), leaf temperature (LT), leaf relative water content (RWC) and productivity were measured. The productivity of all genotypes was, on average, affected negatively; however, certain genotypes did not suffer significant reduction. Under water deficit, the productivity of the genotypes was positively and significantly correlated with Fv/Fm, SPAD index and RWC, while LT had a negative correlation. These findings suggest that genotypes exhibiting traits of high RWC values, high chlorophyll contents and high photosynthetic radiation use efficiency under low moisture availability should be targeted for selection and variety development in programmes aimed at improving sugarcane for drought prone environments.

Physio-morphological traits and osmoregulation strategies of hybrid maize (Zea mays) at the seedling stage in response to water-deficit stress

PROTOPLASMA ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Piyanan Pipatsitee ◽  
Cattarin Theerawitaya ◽  
Rujira Tiasarum ◽  
Thapanee Samphumphuang ◽  
Harminder Pal Singh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Water Deficit ◽  
Morphological Traits ◽  
Seedling Stage ◽  
Water Deficit Stress ◽  
Hybrid Maize ◽  
Response To Water

Field Crop Response to Water Deficit Stress: Assessment Through Crop Models

2018 ◽  
pp. 287-315
Author(s):  
Rajkumar Dhakar ◽  
M. A. Sarath Chandran ◽  
Shivani Nagar ◽  
V. Visha Kumari ◽  
A. V. M. Subbarao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Deficit ◽  
Water Deficit Stress ◽  
Field Crop ◽  
Crop Response ◽  
Stress Assessment ◽  
Crop Models ◽  
Response To Water
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