scholarly journals Recent Progress in High Field Magnetism

1995 ◽  
Vol 48 (2) ◽  
pp. 187 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muneyuki Date
Keyword(s):  
High Field ◽  
Recent Progress ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Liquid Oxygen ◽  
Research Centre ◽  
Correlated Electron ◽  
Highly Sensitive ◽  
Highly Correlated ◽  
Induced Transparency ◽  
Extreme Materials

Recent progress in high field magnetism performed mainly in the Research Centre for Extreme Materials, Osaka University, is reported, with a short survey of the Centre's history. The main activities are in the fields of magnetism and superconductivity where a common keyword is highly correlated electron physics. A rich variety of effects such as metamagnetism, field-induced electronic transitions etc. is summarised. High field studies are also effective in the fields of atomic and molecular sciences; for example, field-induced transparency in liquid oxygen, and diamagnetic orientation of organic and biological materials. New frontiers in high field technologies are discussed, including a highly sensitive magnetometer using the dynamical Faraday effect.

Crystallographic Features of Electronic States in the Highly-Correlated Electronic System Sr1-xSmxMnO3 around x = 0.50

2016 ◽  
Vol 879 ◽  
pp. 2158-2163 ◽  
Author(s):  
Misato Yamagata ◽  
Yasuhide Inoue ◽  
Yasumasa Koyama
Keyword(s):  
Electronic States ◽  
Electronic System ◽  
Electron System ◽  
Correlated Electron ◽  
Antiferromagnetic Ordering ◽  
Incommensurate Modulation ◽  
Charge Modulations ◽  
Highly Correlated ◽  
Correlated Electron System ◽  
Coexistence State

The highly-correlated electron system Sr1-xSmxMnO3 (SSMO) with the simple-perovskite structure has been found to exhibit fascinating electronic states accompanying antiferromagnetic and ferromagnetic orderings. It was, in particular, reported that the electronic state for 0.46 ≤ x ≤ 0.54 was characterized by the coexistence state consisting of the A-type antiferromagnetic and ferromagnetic states. However, the features of the coexistence state in this Sm-content range have not been understood yet. We have thus investigated the crystallographic features of prepared SSMO samples with 0.46 ≤ x ≤ 0.55, mainly by transmission electron microscopy. As a result, all prepared SSMO samples were first confirmed to have the orthorhombic-Pnma structure at 300 K. When the temperature was lowered from 300 K, in the case of x=0.47, the disordered-Pnma state was found to be transformed into an orbital-modulated (OM) state accompanying an incommensurate modulation. The notable feature of the OM state is that the state becomes unstable with increasing Sm contents at 100 K. In other words, the OM state was never changed into the CE-type state with the orbital and charge modulations. In addition, no orbital-ordered state for the A-type antiferromagnetic ordering was also found for 0.46 ≤ x ≤ 0.55.

Effect of foliar application of chelated copper and manganese on yield components and fibre properties of Egyptian cotton (Gossypium barbadense)

1993 ◽  
Vol 121 (2) ◽  
pp. 193-198 ◽  
Author(s):  
Z. M. Sawan ◽  
M. H. Mahmoud ◽  
B. R. Gregg
Keyword(s):  
Yield Components ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Foliar Application ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Gossypium Barbadense ◽  
Research Centre ◽  
Fibre Properties ◽  
Foliar Sprays ◽  
Egyptian Cotton ◽  
Cotton Cultivar

SUMMARYA decline in supplies of organic manures and the increased use of chemical fertilizers has led to a decrease in the micronutrient content of the soil, with attendant effects on yield.Field studies were conducted in 1986 and 1987 at the Giza Agricultural Research Centre, Egypt, to determine the effect of Cu-EDTA and Mn-EDTA foliar sprays on growth, mineral content, yield components and fibre properties of the Egyptian cotton cultivar Giza 75 (Gossypium barbadense L.).All combinations used significantly increased the uptake of Cu and Mn and the dry matter yield. The earliness of harvest and the value of yield components were all increased by the application of Cu or Mn; 25 mg/1 of both Cu and Mn gave the highest values. Lint percentage and fibre properties were not significantly affected.This study indicated that the yield of cotton, grown under otherwise standard conditions, may be increased by foliar sprays of Cu-EDTA and Mn-EDTA combined.

scholarly journals The evolution of gastropod shell form: a developmental model illustrating the roles of heterochrony and non-heterochronic changes

1992 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. 245-245
Author(s):  
Sean H. Rice
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Specific Pattern ◽  
Apex Angle ◽  
Developmental Model ◽  
Gastropod Shell ◽  
Shell Form ◽  
Marine Snails ◽  
Highly Sensitive ◽  
Highly Correlated ◽  
Shell Production

The shape of an isometric gastropod shell can be described completely by specifying the pattern of shell secretion around the aperture (relative to aperture size) and the growth rate of the aperture itself. These descriptors provide a “natural” morphometric in that they correspond to the specific biological processes involved in constructing the shell.Describing shell form in this way allows us to specify what developmental changes must occur during the transition of one shell form to another. In particular, we can distinguish between transitions that can occur through purely heterochronic processes (changes in growth rate) and those that require a change in the specific pattern in which cells of the mantle lay down shell. We can also investigate just what changes occur during the ontogeny of non-isometric shells.Any change in either the pattern of shell secretion or the growth rate of the animal leads to changes in a number of classical morphometric measures, such as apex angle and whorl expansion rate. Those transformations resulting from changes in growth rate, however, are much more predictable than those resulting from changes in the pattern of shell production. A slight increase in the growth rate of the animal, for instance, produces a correspondingly slight increase in the apex angle and the rate of whorl expansion. By contrast, the consequences of a slight change in the pattern of shell production are highly sensitive to just how that change was achieved.Data from 8 genera of marine snails show that the variance within each genus, relative to the variance among all genera, is smaller for measures of aperture shape (which can only be altered through a change in the pattern of secretion of shell material) than for characters that can change through heterochronic transformations (such as apex angle). Furthermore, the shell forms of a number of non isometric shells can be described by a constant pattern of shell production and a variable growth rate.Heterochronic changes thus appear to be the preferred mechanism for changing phenotype in gastropod shells. Those characters that can only be altered by changing the pattern of shell production around the mantle, such as aperture shape, appear to be more conservative than those that can be changed through purely heterochronic transitions. This is consistent with the idea that mutations which alter many characters in a highly correlated manner have a higher probability of being favored by selection than those with relatively unpredictable consequences.

HEAVY FERMIONS — THEIR MAGNETISM AND SUPERCONDUCTIVITY

1993 ◽  
Vol 07 (01n03) ◽  
pp. 2-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. STEGLICH ◽  
C. GEIBEL ◽  
A. LOIDL ◽  
G. SPARN ◽  
C. D. BREDL ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Long Range ◽  
Heavy Fermion ◽  
Local Moment ◽  
Antiferromagnetic Order ◽  
Electron Systems ◽  
Correlated Electron Systems ◽  
Cooperative Phenomena ◽  
Correlated Electron ◽  
Highly Correlated ◽  
Heavy Fermion Superconductivity

Heavy-fermion compounds are ideally suited to study cooperative phenomena in highly correlated electron systems. We discuss local-moment magnetism and heavy-fermion band magnetism in the exemplary systems CeCu 2 Ge 2 and Ni-rich Ce(Cu 1− x Ni x )2 Ge 2, respectively. In addition, the coexistence of long-range antiferromagnetic order and heavy-fermion superconductivity in UM 2 Al 3 (M: Ni, Pd) will be addressed.

The distribution of net nitrogen mineralisation within surface soil. 1. Field studies under a wheat crop

Soil Research ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
pp. 129 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erry Purnomo ◽  
A. S. Black ◽  
C. J. Smith ◽  
M. K. Conyers
Keyword(s):  
Soil Depth ◽  
New South ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Soil Disturbance ◽  
Wheat Crop ◽  
N Mineralisation ◽  
Total N ◽  
South Wales ◽  
Highly Correlated ◽  
Soil Temperature And Moisture

To test the hypothesis that net nitrogen (N) mineralisation is concentrated in the surface few centimetres following minimal soil disturbance for crop establishment, mineralisation was measured during the growth of wheat. The soil was a Red Kandosol located in southern New South Wales. Mineralisation was estimated usingin situ incubations inside capped PVC tubes, which were sampled every 3 weeks. Soil from the tubes was sampled at depth intervals of 2 cm to a depth of 10 cm and at 5-cm intervals from 10 to 20 cm. The results showed that net N mineralisation decreased with depth to 20 cm. Over the season, an average of 32% of the N mineralised in the top 20 cm of soil originated from the 0–2 cm layer, 72% was from the 0–6 cm layer, and only 13% was from soil below 10 cm. The decrease in N mineralisation with soil depth was highly correlated with decreases in the organic carbon (r2 = 0.84, P < 0.05) and total N (r2 = 0.83, P < 0.05) concentration. The soil's N-supplying ability is concentrated near the surface where it is susceptible to erosional loss. The N supply may also be inhibited by temperature and moisture extremes, which are common in the surface few centimetres of soil where mineralisation was concentrated. The PVC enclosures created artefacts in soil temperature and moisture, although it is argued that the effects on net N mineralisation were small in most sampling periods.

Recent progress on highly sensitive perovskite photodetectors

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (7) ◽  
pp. 1741-1791 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jianli Miao ◽  
Fujun Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Recent Progress ◽  
Materials Science ◽  
Device Physics ◽  
Highly Sensitive

The recent progress and developments on perovskite photodetectors are summarized from the perspective of device physics and materials science.

scholarly journals Measuring Environmental Sensitivity in Educational Contexts: A Validation Study With German-Speaking Students

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Teresa Tillmann ◽  
Katharina El Matany ◽  
Heather Duttweiler
Keyword(s):  
Secondary School ◽  
Secondary School Students ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Environmental Sensitivity ◽  
School Students ◽  
Academic Track ◽  
Individual Difference Variable ◽  
Highly Sensitive ◽  
German Speaking ◽  
Using Data

Sensory-Processing Sensitivity (SPS), as part of the general theory on Environmental Sensitivity (Pluess, 2015), is a temperamental individual difference variable, referring to sensitive perception and processing of as well as reflection upon environmental stimuli. For its measurement, Aron and Aron (1997) developed the Highly Sensitive Person Scale (HSP Scale) for application with adults. However, despite some adaption into German (Konrad &amp; Herzberg, 2017) and a first English version for children (Pluess et al., 2018), no suitable measures of SPS for children exist in German. The presented two studies aimed at developing and validating a short, 10-item German version of the scale, which can be administered efficiently in educational field studies with German-speaking secondary school students. The factorial structure, its relationship with other personality traits (i.e., the Big Five; McCrae &amp; Costa, 1990) and exploratory analyses on relationships with additional school-related variables were revealed using data from two independent student samples (N = 301 German academic-track secondary school students and N = 460 German vocational track secondary school students). Relations to existing research, practical implications for the educational context, and limitations of the studies are discussed.

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