scholarly journals Variations in the Ultrasonic Velocity within Electrolytic Solutions Under Ionic Drift

1978 ◽  
Vol 31 (6) ◽  
pp. 567
Author(s):  
SB Agarwal ◽  
VP Bhatnagar
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solutions ◽  
Ultrasonic Velocity ◽  
Current Density ◽  
Drift Current

Measurements are presented which show that the ultrasonic velocity v in aqueous solutions of common electrolytes increases with the ionic drift current density j, such that dv ex: exp(j!).

scholarly journals The Ultrasonic Velocity and Absorption of Aqueous Solutions of Polyvinyl Alcohol

1964 ◽  
Vol 37 (4) ◽  
pp. 559-563 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kiyoshi Arakawa ◽  
Nobuo Takenaka ◽  
Mineo Watase ◽  
Kazunari Kubota
Keyword(s):  
Polyvinyl Alcohol ◽  
Aqueous Solutions ◽  
Ultrasonic Velocity

scholarly journals Acoustic, thermal and optical properties of organic based disodium tartrate salt

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 012-027
Author(s):  
M. Sathish ◽  
K. Venkataramanan ◽  
R. Padmanaban ◽  
Helan Ruth ◽  
K. Vadivel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Optical Properties ◽  
Aqueous Solutions ◽  
Internal Pressure ◽  
Ultrasonic Velocity ◽  
Relative Viscosity ◽  
Adiabatic Compressibility ◽  
Lower Percentage ◽  
Wada’S Constant ◽  
Different Temperatures ◽  
Solvent Molecules

In this work, acoustic, thermal, and optical properties were tested on the different concentrations of the Disodium Tartrate solutions. First, the viscosity studies were analyzed for the Disodium tartrate in the concentration range from 2% to 20% with different temperatures 303K, 308K, 313K, and 318K. It was noted that the relative viscosity and the activation energy of the prepared compound increase with increases in concentration and decreases with temperature increases. The properties like density and ultrasonic velocity are varied when increases the concentration of the aqueous solutions of Disodium Tartrate. In this study, the values of adiabatic compressibility show an inverse behavior when compared with ultrasonic velocity due to the interaction between solute and solvent molecules. Also observed that the inter-molecular free length is maximum for a lower percentage. The free volume for the compound is maximum at 2% and a minimum of 20%, since it reduces when the internal pressure increases. It was revealed that the classical absorption coefficient and relaxation time for Disodium Tartrate is minimum for lower percentage and minimum for a higher percentage. The interactions between the solute and solvent are confirmed through the property like specific Acoustical impedance. It was noted that the increase in internal pressure increases the concentration of the compound. The ion-solvent interaction was discussed by the relative association study, thus the values of relative association increases with an increase in concentration. The Rao’s and Wada’s constant increases linearly in aqueous solutions of Disodium Tartrate for the entire system.

Temperature corresponding to ultrasonic velocity maximum studies in aqueous solutions

Pramana ◽  
1979 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 105-110 ◽  
Author(s):  
C Murali Krishna ◽  
B Ramachandra Reddy ◽  
N Prabhakara Rao ◽  
K C Reddy
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solutions ◽  
Ultrasonic Velocity

scholarly journals VISCOSITY, DENSITY AND ULTRASONIC VELOCITY STUDIES OF BINARY AQUEOUS SOLUTIONS CONTAINING AMIDES

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 1103-1112
Author(s):  
Pramod P. Patil ◽  
Rupali S. Patil ◽  
S. R. Patil ◽  
Amulrao U. Borse
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solutions ◽  
Ultrasonic Velocity

scholarly journals Study of flow regimes and gas holdup in a different potentials medium in an aerated column

2020 ◽  
Vol 192 ◽  
pp. 02013
Author(s):  
Konstantin Prokhorov ◽  
Alexander Burdonov ◽  
Peter Henning
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solutions ◽  
Current Density ◽  
Electrolyte Concentration ◽  
Flow Regimes ◽  
Gas Holdup ◽  
Membrane Electrolysis ◽  
Hydrogen Bubbles ◽  
Solutions Of Electrolytes ◽  
Bubble Sizes ◽  
Electrolyte Ph

A generation of hydrogen and oxygen bubbles by of aqueous solutions of electrolytes was carried out. Two electrolysis modifications was study: electrolysis without a membrane to production of oxygen and hydrogen and membrane electrolysis with separation of catholyte and anolyte. The influence of the model conditions of the experiment such as electrolyte pH, concentration, and current density and the distribution of bubble sizes and gas holdup in the column are discussed. An inverse dependence of the hydrogen bubbles diameter in the catholyte medium on the current density and a direct dependence on the concentration of electrolytes are experimentally investigated. The oxygen bubbles tend to become larger with increasing current density and electrolyte concentration in anolyte medium. In electrolysis without a membrane, bubbles become smaller with increasing current density and decreasing the electrolyte concentration.

scholarly journals Ultrasonic Velocity and Absorption of Aqueous Solutions of Polyvinyl Alcohol

1963 ◽  
Vol 12 (116) ◽  
pp. 330-334
Author(s):  
Kiyoshi ARAKAWA ◽  
Kazushige KUBOTA ◽  
Yoshihisa NAGASHIMA
Keyword(s):  
Polyvinyl Alcohol ◽  
Aqueous Solutions ◽  
Ultrasonic Velocity

Novel Electrochemical-Emission Spectroscopy of Metals by White Light Interferometry

2021 ◽  
Vol 1026 ◽  
pp. 189-196
Author(s):  
Khaled Habib
Keyword(s):  
Sulfuric Acid ◽  
Aqueous Solutions ◽  
Current Density ◽  
White Light ◽  
Emission Spectroscopy ◽  
Rate Change ◽  
Fiber Optic Sensor ◽  
White Light Interferometry ◽  
Fabry Perot ◽  
The Difference

A white light, i.e., Fabry-Perot, interferometry was unprecedently applied to determine the rate change of the current density (J) of aluminum samples during the anodization processes of the samples in aqueous solutions. The current density(J) values were obtained by Fabry-Perot interferometry rather than the direct current (DC) or alternating current (AC), methods. Therefore, the abrupt rate change of the J was called electrochemical-emission spectroscopy. The anodization of the aluminum samples was conducted by an external DC source in 0.0,2,4,6,8,10% sulfuric acid (H2SO4) solutions at room temperature. In the meantime, the Fabry-Perot interferometry was used to determine the difference between the J of two subsequent values, dJ, as a function of the elapsed time of the DC experiment for the aluminum samples in 0.0,2,4,6,8,10% H2SO4 solutions. The Fabry-Perot interferometry was based on a fiber-optic sensor in order to make real time-white light interferometry possible at the aluminum surfaces in the sulfuric acid solutions. As a result, a new spectrometer was developed based on the combination of the Fabry-Perot, i.e., white light, interferometry and DC method for studying in situ the electrochemical behavior of metals in aqueous solutions.

CATHODIC DEPOSITION OF Mg(OH)2 COATINGS ON PURE Mg IN THREE Mg SALTS AQUEOUS SOLUTIONS

2017 ◽  
Vol 24 (Supp02) ◽  
pp. 1850027
Author(s):  
ZHANG YONGJUN ◽  
PEI XIAOMENG ◽  
JIA SHUGONG
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solutions ◽  
Current Density ◽  
Cathodic Polarization ◽  
Nitrate Solution ◽  
Reduction Reaction ◽  
Magnesium Nitrate ◽  
Uniform Mesh ◽  
Cathodic Deposition ◽  
Density Region ◽  
Cathodic Polarization Curve

Film-forming effects of cathodic deposition on pure Mg substrate at constant DC in aqueous solutions of magnesium nitrate (Mg(NO3)[Formula: see text]6H2O), magnesium chloride (MgCl[Formula: see text]6H2O) and magnesium sulfate (MgSO[Formula: see text]7H2O) respectively were investigated systematically. Typical processes were studied by potentiodynamic cathodic polarization and galvanostatic polarization and typical samples were analyzed by SEM and XRD. The results indicate that the depositing efficiency is not only the highest but stablest, and deposited coatings show the best uniformity with Mg(NO3)[Formula: see text]6H2O solution employed as depositing medium and applied current density [Formula: see text][Formula: see text]mA cm[Formula: see text]. Cathodic deposition leads to regular mass loss of Mg substrate. The cathodic polarization curve of pure Mg in magnesium nitrate solution shows more obvious pseudo-passivation, several Tafel regions with different slopes appearing before diffusion-limited current density region, and oxygen consumption is the major cathodic reduction reaction under specified current density. However, hydrogen evolution reaction is dominant in both Mg chloride and Mg sulfate solutions. The deposition coatings are all composed of continuous and uniform mesh-like “basic layer” adjacent to substrate and discrete distributed snowball-like particles on the microscopic scale. The phase compositions are all crystal Mg(OH)2, and the coatings deposited in Mg chloride solution have (011) preferred orientation.

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