scholarly journals Counts of Atmospheric Freezing Nuclei at Carnarvon, Western Australia, January 1956

1956 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 561 ◽  
Author(s):  
EK Bigg
Keyword(s):  
Indian Ocean ◽  
Western Australia ◽  
New Instrument ◽  
The Indian Ocean ◽  
Nucleus Concentration ◽  
Industrial Sources ◽  
Marine Air

A new instrument for measuring freezing nucleus concentration is described, and an account given of a series of measurements made at Carnarvon in Western Australia during January 1956. The measurements were made on the ground in marine air with a long travel over the Indian Ocean and are thought to be free from contamination by terrestrial dust and smoke from industrial sources.

Interannual Rainfall Extremes over Southwest Western Australia Linked to Indian Ocean Climate Variability

2006 ◽  
Vol 19 (10) ◽  
pp. 1948-1969 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew H. England ◽  
Caroline C. Ummenhofer ◽  
Agus Santoso
Keyword(s):  
Indian Ocean ◽  
Western Australia ◽  
Wind Field ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Extreme Rainfall ◽  
Ekman Transport ◽  
Eastern Indian Ocean ◽  
Basin Scale ◽  
Rainfall Extremes ◽  
The Indian Ocean

Abstract Interannual rainfall extremes over southwest Western Australia (SWWA) are examined using observations, reanalysis data, and a long-term natural integration of the global coupled climate system. The authors reveal a characteristic dipole pattern of Indian Ocean sea surface temperature (SST) anomalies during extreme rainfall years, remarkably consistent between the reanalysis fields and the coupled climate model but different from most previous definitions of SST dipoles in the region. In particular, the dipole exhibits peak amplitudes in the eastern Indian Ocean adjacent to the west coast of Australia. During dry years, anomalously cool waters appear in the tropical/subtropical eastern Indian Ocean, adjacent to a region of unusually warm water in the subtropics off SWWA. This dipole of anomalous SST seesaws in sign between dry and wet years and appears to occur in phase with a large-scale reorganization of winds over the tropical/subtropical Indian Ocean. The wind field alters SST via anomalous Ekman transport in the tropical Indian Ocean and via anomalous air–sea heat fluxes in the subtropics. The winds also change the large-scale advection of moisture onto the SWWA coast. At the basin scale, the anomalous wind field can be interpreted as an acceleration (deceleration) of the Indian Ocean climatological mean anticyclone during dry (wet) years. In addition, dry (wet) years see a strengthening (weakening) and coinciding southward (northward) shift of the subpolar westerlies, which results in a similar southward (northward) shift of the rain-bearing fronts associated with the subpolar front. A link is also noted between extreme rainfall years and the Indian Ocean Dipole (IOD). Namely, in some years the IOD acts to reinforce the eastern tropical pole of SST described above, and to strengthen wind anomalies along the northern flank of the Indian Ocean anticyclone. In this manner, both tropical and extratropical processes in the Indian Ocean generate SST and wind anomalies off SWWA, which lead to moisture transport and rainfall extremes in the region. An analysis of the seasonal evolution of the climate extremes reveals a progressive amplification of anomalies in SST and atmospheric circulation toward a wintertime maximum, coinciding with the season of highest SWWA rainfall. The anomalies in SST can appear as early as the summertime months, however, which may have important implications for predictability of SWWA rainfall extremes.

scholarly journals Two new species of Eulepethidae (Polychaeta) from Australian seas

Zootaxa ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 2839 (1) ◽  
pp. 47
Author(s):  
SKIPTON WOOLLEY ◽  
ROBIN S. WILSON
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Indian Ocean ◽  
South China Sea ◽  
Western Australia ◽  
Continental Margin ◽  
World Wide ◽  
Southeastern Australia ◽  
The Family ◽  
Two New Species ◽  
The Indian Ocean

Exploration of poorly known regions of the Australian continental margin has resulted in the discovery of two new species in the scale worm family Eulepethidae. Grubeulepis kurnai sp. nov. occurs in southeastern Australia while Proeulepethus payungu sp. nov. was collected at one site in the Indian Ocean on the continental margin of Western Australia. Pareulepis malayana (Horst, 1913), also collected from the continental margin of Western Australia, is newly recorded from Australia, representing a range extension of that species previously known from Madagascar, Malaysia and the South China Sea. Four species, and four of the six known genera of Eulepethidae are now known from Australian waters. The family Eulepethidae remains species-poor compared with most polychaete families, and now comprises 21 species world wide.

Role of friction and orography in the Asian-African monsoonal system

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giovanni Dalu ◽  
Marco Gaetani ◽  
Cyrille Flamant ◽  
Marina Baldi
Keyword(s):  
Indian Ocean ◽  
West African Monsoon ◽  
Tropical Indian Ocean ◽  
Western Indian Ocean ◽  
Ekman Pumping ◽  
The South ◽  
The West ◽  
Impermeable Barrier ◽  
The Indian Ocean ◽  
Marine Air

<p>The West African monsoon (WAM) originates in the Gulf of Guinea when the intertropical convergence zone (ITCZ) makes its landfall; whilst, the south Asian monsoon (SAM) originates in the Indian ocean when the ITCZ crosses the equator. The monsoonal dynamics are here studied after landfall using Gill’s tropospheric model with an implanted Ekman frictional layer (EFL). Ekman pumping increases low level convergence, making the lower monsoonal cyclone deeper and more compact that the upper anticyclone, by transferring tropospheric vorticity into the EFL. In the upper troposphere, air particles spiral-out anticyclonically away from the monsoons, subsiding over the Tropical Atlantic, the Tropical Indian ocean, or transiting into the southern hemisphere across the equator. Whilst marine air particles spiral-in cyclonically towards the WAM or the SAM, the latter appears to be a preferred ending destination in the absence of orography. The Himalayas introduced as a barrier to the monsoonal winds, strengthen the tropospheric winds by tightening the isobars. The Somali mountains (SMs), introduced as a barrier to the Ekman winds, separates the WAM and the SAM catch basins; thus, the Atlantic air particles converge towards the WAM and the Indian ocean particles converge towards the SAM. The Indian Ghats (IGs), introduced as a semi-impermeable barrier to the Ekman winds, deflect the marine air particles originated in the western Indian ocean towards the south-eastern flank of the SAM. In short, an upper single anticyclone encircles both monsoons; the Himalayas strengthen the upper-level winds by increasing the pressure gradients; the SMs split the EFL cyclone, keeping the marine air particles to the west of SMs in the WAM basin and the particles to the east of SMs in the SAM basin; the IGs guides transmit the air particles, deflecting them towards Bangladesh.</p>

Lasionectes exleyi, sp, nov., the first remipede crustacean recorded from Australia and the Indian Ocean, with a key to the world species

1996 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 171 ◽  
Author(s):  
J Yager ◽  
WF Humphreys
Keyword(s):  
Indian Ocean ◽  
Southern Hemisphere ◽  
Western Australia ◽  
The Bahamas ◽  
World Species ◽  
Density Interface ◽  
The World ◽  
First Occurrence ◽  
The Indian Ocean

The first remipede crustacean from the Southern Hemisphere and the Indian Ocean is reported. Lasionectes exleyi, sp. nov., is described from an anchialine cave on the Cape Range peninsula of Western Australia. This is the eleventh species of modern remipede to be described and the second species to be described in the genus Lasionectes. A key to all known species is presented. The discovery of remipedes in Australia represents the first occurrence of a genus other than Speleonectes off the Bahamas Banks and only the second continental occurrence of extant remipedes. The species is known from below a density interface in a single nutrient-enriched cave.

scholarly journals Platycephalus orbitalis, a new species of flathead (Teleostei: Platycephalidae) collected from western Australia

Zootaxa ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 2271 (1) ◽  
pp. 57-63 ◽  
Author(s):  
HISASHI IMAMURA ◽  
LESLIE W. KNAPP
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Indian Ocean ◽  
Western Australia ◽  
Posterior Margin ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
The Body ◽  
The Other ◽  
Eastern Australia ◽  
The Indian Ocean ◽  
A New Species

A new plataycephalid, Platycephalus orbitalis, is described on the basis of specimens collected in the Indian Ocean off the coast of Western Australia at depths of 50–144 m. The new species had been mistakenly identified as P. marmoratus, which is now known to be restricted to eastern Australia. Several morphological characters (e.g, 65–68 pored scales in lateral line, snout and interorbit naked, and caudal fin blackish with white posterior margin) can separate Platycephalus orbitalis sp. nov. and P. marmoratus from the other 14 congeners. In addition, Platycephalus orbitalis sp. nov. differs from P. marmoratus in having the margin of the interopercle scalloped, skinny sensory tubes on the infraorbitals, the preopercle well developed and mostly covering the cheek region, and the body and head lacking distinct large spots and bands dorsally.

Multitestis Manter 1931 (Digenea: Lepocreadiidae) in ephippid and chaetodontid fishes (Perciformes) in the south-western Pacific Ocean and the Indian Ocean off Western Australia

Zootaxa ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 2427 (1) ◽  
pp. 36 ◽  
Author(s):  
RODNEY A. BRAY ◽  
THOMAS H. CRIBB ◽  
JEAN-LOU JUSTINE
Keyword(s):  
Indian Ocean ◽  
Great Barrier Reef ◽  
Western Australia ◽  
Body Shape ◽  
New Caledonia ◽  
Western Pacific Ocean ◽  
Barrier Reef ◽  
Lizard Island ◽  
The Indian Ocean ◽  
Oval Body

Five species of the genus Multitestis are described, figured or discussed: Multitestis pyriformis from Platax orbicularis off Lizard Island, northern Great Barrier Reef, Australia and Platax teira off New Caledonia; Multitestis coradioni n. sp. (syn. Multitestis pyriformis Machida, 1963 of Bray et al. (1994)) from Coradion chrysozonus off Heron Island, which differs from M. pyriformis in its oval body-shape, the more posteriorly situated testicular fields and larger eggs, Multitestis elongatus from Platax pinnatus off Lizard Island, Multitestis magnacetabulum from P. teira off Heron Island, southern Great Barrier Reef, Australia, and New Caledonia, Multitestis paramagnacetabulum n. sp. from P. orbicularis off Ningaloo Reef, Western Australia, which differs from M. magnacetabulum in the more posteriorly situated testicular fields.

Distribution of Thecosomatous Pteropods off the Central Coast of Western Australia

1978 ◽  
Vol 29 (6) ◽  
pp. 853
Author(s):  
FE Wells
Keyword(s):  
Indian Ocean ◽  
Western Australia ◽  
General Context ◽  
Central Coast ◽  
The Indian Ocean ◽  
The Mean

A series of surface plankton tows was made along eight transects in the Indian Ocean off the central coast of Western Australia during June 1976. The transects were spaced 1� 30' apart latitudinally from 24� 30'S. to 35� 00'S. and stretched from the coast westward to 105� E. Fifteen species and subspecies of the cosomatous pteropods were collected during the survey. The mean total the cosome density was 5.61 per 10³ m³ of water filtered. Four species (Cavolinia inflexa, Clio pyramidata, Cuvierina columnella and Styliola subula) together constituted 87.3 % of all the cosomes collected. The results of this survey are placed into the general context of our knowledge of the zooplankton off Western Australia.

Ciallusiidae (Ascidiacea, Tunicata), a monotypic family from deeper waters of the tropical Indo-West Pacific

Zootaxa ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 1742 (1) ◽  
pp. 47 ◽  
Author(s):  
PATRICIA KOTT
Keyword(s):  
Indian Ocean ◽  
Western Australia ◽  
Type Species ◽  
Geographic Range ◽  
Western Pacific ◽  
Ciliated Epithelium ◽  
West Pacific ◽  
Tropical Western Pacific ◽  
The Family ◽  
The Indian Ocean

Ciallusia longa Van Name, 1918, the type species of the family Ciallusiidae is confirmed as a junior synonym of Pterygascidia mirabilis Sluiter, 1904. Although relationships with Ciona and Perophora have successively been proposed, examination of 12 newly recorded specimens from the northwestern coast of Western Australia, together with a review of documented specimens, demonstrate a relationship with the Phlebobranchia. As in many Phlebobranchia, the taxon has a large, flat branchial sac, simple branchial tentacles, translucent gelatinous test, specialisation of muscles into long rows of bundles of short parallel bands and a straight gut. However, rather than Corellidae (as Sluiter had proposed on the basis of the lack of ciliated epithelium lining the pharyngeal perforations) the family most closely related appears to be the family Agneziidae (see Huus 1936 and Kott 1985) which has dorsal languets. The newly recorded specimens extend the known geographic range of this species from the tropical western Pacific to the Indian Ocean.

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