scholarly journals Anomalous Absorption of Cosmic Rays in Lead

1953 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 500
Author(s):  
WL Kennedy
Keyword(s):  
Cosmic Rays ◽  
Cosmic Radiation ◽  
Vertical Component ◽  
Absorption Curve ◽  
Anomalous Absorption ◽  
Lead Absorption ◽  
Series Of Experiments

Anomalies in the lead absorption curve of the vertical component of cosmic radiation have been reported by several authors using counter telescopes (Aiya 1944; George and Appapillai 1945; Swann and Morris 1947; Kellermann and Westerman 1949; Fenyves and Haiman 1950; Mazzolli de Mathov. 1951; Abd EI-Wahab Khalil 1952). However, in a recent detailed series of experiments, results of which were published as the experiment to be described here was nearing completion, Heyland and Duncanson (1953) found no evidence of any anomaly in the absorption curve.

scholarly journals Measurement of the cosmic ray proton spectrum from 40 GeV to 100 TeV with the DAMPE satellite

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (9) ◽  
pp. eaax3793 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Q. An ◽  
R. Asfandiyarov ◽  
P. Azzarello ◽  
P. Bernardini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cosmic Rays ◽  
Cosmic Radiation ◽  
Precise Measurement ◽  
Milky Way ◽  
Spectral Feature ◽  
Dark Matter Particle ◽  
Cosmic Ray ◽  
Galactic Cosmic Rays ◽  
Proton Spectrum ◽  
First Time

The precise measurement of the spectrum of protons, the most abundant component of the cosmic radiation, is necessary to understand the source and acceleration of cosmic rays in the Milky Way. This work reports the measurement of the cosmic ray proton fluxes with kinetic energies from 40 GeV to 100 TeV, with 2 1/2 years of data recorded by the DArk Matter Particle Explorer (DAMPE). This is the first time that an experiment directly measures the cosmic ray protons up to ~100 TeV with high statistics. The measured spectrum confirms the spectral hardening at ~300 GeV found by previous experiments and reveals a softening at ~13.6 TeV, with the spectral index changing from ~2.60 to ~2.85. Our result suggests the existence of a new spectral feature of cosmic rays at energies lower than the so-called knee and sheds new light on the origin of Galactic cosmic rays.

The Indirect Observation of the Decay of Mesotrons: Italian Experiments on Cosmic Radiation, 1937––1943

2008 ◽  
Vol 38 (3) ◽  
pp. 353-404 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniela Monaldi
Keyword(s):  
Phenomenological Models ◽  
Experimental Observation ◽  
Cosmic Radiation ◽  
Cosmic Ray ◽  
Experimental Methods ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
Intermediate Mass ◽  
Microphysical Process ◽  
Series Of Experiments ◽  
Indirect Observation

Following the discovery of mesotrons (intermediate-mass particles) in cosmic radiation in the 1930s, a group of physicists originating in Italy participated in a series of experiments designed to permit the observation of the spontaneous decay of elementary particles. The experimental results were classified as "indirect observations" of the microphysical process of decay, and the development of experimental methods was regarded as a progression toward increasing observational directness. This paper traces the activities of the cosmic-ray experimenters, viewing them as part of a stream in the international current of interest and research on the natural ββ radioactivity of the mesotrons. The paper pays particular attention to those aspects of experimental practice that the researchers associated with observational directness. I argue that the attribution of degrees of directness depended on the elimination of intrusive additional assumptions in the phenomenological models of the experiments. My study thus contributes to the analysis of experimental observation in microphysics.

scholarly journals IX. Electrodynamic qualities of metals. Part VII. Effects of stress on the magnetization of iron, nickel, and cobalt.

1878 ◽  
Vol 27 (185-189) ◽  
pp. 439-443 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Force ◽  
Vertical Component ◽  
Critical Value ◽  
First Results ◽  
Magnetizing Force ◽  
Iron Nickel ◽  
Two Temperatures ◽  
Series Of Experiments ◽  
Effects Of Stress ◽  
Range Of Values

This paper commences with a detailed description of a series of experiments on the effects of stress on the magnetism of soft iron, of which some first results were described in a preliminary notice, communicated to the Royal Society on the 10th of June, 1875, and published in the “Proceedings.” A few months later, the author found that he had been anticipated by Villari in the most remarkable of those results—that showing increase or diminution of magnetization by longitudinal pull, according as the magnetizing force is less than, or greater than, a certain critical value. In the first series of experiments described in this paper, the amount of the magnetizing force is varied through a range of values from zero to 900, on a scale on which about 121/2 is the value of the vertical component of the terrestrial magnetic force at Glasgow, and the effects of hanging on and taking off weights of 7 lbs., 14 lbs., and 21 lbs., in changing the induced magnetism, are observed. The experiments were made at ordinary atmospheric temperatures, and at temperature 100° C. The results are shown in curves, of which the abscissas represent the magnetizing forces and other ordinates, the change of magnetism produced by “ons” and “offs” of the weight while the magnetizing force is kept constant. The Villari critical value was found to differ for the two temperatures, and for different weights thus approximately:-

scholarly journals Anti-Protons in the Primary Cosmic Radiation

1981 ◽  
Vol 94 ◽  
pp. 259-260
Author(s):  
J. Szabelski ◽  
J. Wdowczyk ◽  
A. W. Wolfendale
Keyword(s):  
Cosmic Rays ◽  
Cosmic Radiation ◽  
Box Model ◽  
Primary Cosmic Radiation ◽  
Image Position

A knowledge of the flux of antiprotons is of value in examining the manner in which cosmic rays propagate, assuming, as is conventional, that the antiprotons arise from interactions in the I.S.M. Golden et al. (1979) have recently measured the ratio in the region of 10 GeV and, although confirmatory measurements are needed, it is instructive to compare with expectation. In a recent paper (Szabelski et al., 1980) we presented results of a new calculation of the expected ratio using the standard (equilibrium) ‘leaky box model’.

scholarly journals 39. The anisotropy of primary cosmic radiation and the electromagnetic state in interplanetary space

1958 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. 377-385
Author(s):  
V. Sarabhai ◽  
N. W. Nerurkar ◽  
S. P. Duggal ◽  
T. S. G. Sastry
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Cosmic Rays ◽  
Cosmic Radiation ◽  
Interplanetary Space ◽  
Daily Variation ◽  
Cosmic Ray ◽  
The Sun ◽  
Cosmic Ray Intensity ◽  
Daily Variations ◽  
Primary Cosmic Radiation

Study of the anisotropy of cosmic rays from the measurement of the daily variation of meson intensity has demonstrated that there are significant day-today changes in the anisotropy of the radiation. New experimental data pertaining to these changes and their solar and terrestrial relationships are discussed.An interpretation of these changes of anisotropy in terms of the modulation of cosmic rays by streams of matter emitted by the sun is given. In particular, an explanation for the existence of the recently discovered types of daily variations exhibiting day and night maxima respectively, can be found by an extension of some ideas of Alfvén, Nagashima, and Davies. An integrated attempt is made to interpret the known features of the variation of cosmic ray intensity in conformity with ideas developed above.

scholarly journals On the analysis of cosmic rays

1937 ◽  
Vol 161 (905) ◽  
pp. 261-283 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Cosmic Rays ◽  
Cosmic Radiation ◽  
Large Fraction ◽  
Main Difficulty ◽  
Fast Electrons ◽  
Light Quanta ◽  
Complete Knowledge ◽  
Absorption Law ◽  
The Way

The main difficulty in the way of any attempt to analyse the cosmic rays is the fact that for this purpose a complete knowledge of the laws of absorption and of the production of secondaries is required for all the particles occurring in cosmic radiation. Until now such knowledge was neither available theoretically nor experimentally. Several authors have therefore attacked the problem by assuming an exponential absorption law for each component of cosmic radiation or by assuming that the particles have a sharply defined range which is a function of their energy only. For fast electrons and light quanta which certainly constitute a large fraction of cosmic radiation neither of these two assumptions is valid. For this reason we can only attach a qualitative significance to the results obtained by any of the methods mentioned above.

Anomalies of the absorption curve of cosmic radiation in lead

1952 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. 1248-1249
Author(s):  
M. Abd El-Wahab Khalil
Keyword(s):  
Cosmic Radiation ◽  
Absorption Curve
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