Natural history of the New Georgia Monkey-faced Bat Pteralopex sp. nov. from the Solomon Islands

1997 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 134 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diana Fisher ◽  
Elizabeth Tasker
Keyword(s):  
Natural History ◽  
Field Study ◽  
Small Groups ◽  
Solomon Islands ◽  
Conservation Status ◽  
Restricted Range ◽  
Ecological Data ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
History Of

The megachiropteran bat genus Pteralopex, Monkey-faced bats, is restricted to the Solomon Islands and Fiji. No other field study has been conducted on any of the five known species. From February to May 1992, the New Georgia Monkey-faced Bat was studied to determine its distribution, assess its conservation status and to provide ecological data for management. We found New Georgia Monkey-faced Bats Pteralopex sp. nov. at four sites on the islands of Vangunu and New Georgia, but not on Kolombangara. Bats were most common around an old village site abandoned approximately 90 years ago, in undisturbed rainforest, and adjacent gardens. Pteralopex sp. nov. was absent from areas of regrowth after logging or cyclone damage. It roosts in the hollows of tall canopy or emergent trees (particularly Ficus spp.), either singly or in small groups. Like other megachiropterans, Pteralopex sp. nov. eats a wide range of fruit and flowers. Young were born throughout the study, from February to May. This species' restricted range and susceptibility to hunting make it vulnerable, especially in the short term if its habitat is affected by logging or cyclones. Old village sites may be important for Pteralopex and other wildlife in the Solomon Islands.

Short Term Natural History of Pituitary Incidentalomas in Children.

2010 ◽  
pp. P1-247-P1-247
Author(s):  
SM Jackman ◽  
EV Jorgensen ◽  
DI Shulman
Keyword(s):  
Natural History ◽  
Short Term ◽  
History Of

scholarly journals REDESCRIPTION OF Minervarya nicobariensis (STOLIZKA, 1870) (AMPHIBIA: DICROGLOSSIDAE) WITH A NEOTYPE DESIGNATION

2020 ◽  
pp. 205-209
Author(s):  
S.R. Chandramouli ◽  
K.V. Devi Prasad
Keyword(s):  
Natural History ◽  
Conservation Status ◽  
Breeding Biology ◽  
Larval Morphology ◽  
Frog Species ◽  
History Of ◽  
New Material ◽  
Insular Endemic

The poorly-known, insular endemic frog species, Minervarya nicobariensis (Stoliczka, 1870) is re-described based on new material from the Nicobar Archipelago. A neotype is designated as its holotype had been lost. Novel data on biology, ecology, distribution and natural history of this poorly known species are provided. Breeding biology and larval morphology are described in detail. Potential threats to the species are discussed and an assessment of its conservation status is attempted.

Taxonomy, natural history, and conservation of the Great-billed Seed-Finch Sporophila maximiliani (Cabanis, 1851) (Thraupidae, Sporophilinae)

Zootaxa ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 4442 (4) ◽  
pp. 551 ◽  
Author(s):  
FLÁVIO KULAIF UBAID ◽  
LUÍS FABIO SILVEIRA ◽  
CESAR A. B. MEDOLAGO ◽  
THIAGO V. V. COSTA ◽  
MERCIVAL ROBERTO FRANCISCO ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Natural History ◽  
South America ◽  
Captive Breeding ◽  
Conservation Status ◽  
Bird Species ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Taxonomic Status ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Morphometric Characters ◽  
History Of

Seed-finches are small-sized Neotropical granivorous birds characterized by extremely strong and thick beaks. Among these birds, the Great-billed Seed-Finch Sporophila maximiliani has been selectively and intensively trapped to the extent that has become one of the most endangered bird species in South America, yet its taxonomy remains complex and controversial. Two subspecies have been recognized: S. m. maximiliani (Cabanis, 1851), mainly from the Cerrado of central South America, and S. m. parkesi Olson (= Oryzoborus m. magnirostris), from northeastern South America. Originally, S. m. parkesi was diagnosed as being larger than the Large-billed Seed-Finch, S. c. crassirostris (Gmelin, 1789), but proper comparisons with S. m. maximiliani, which is larger than S. c. crassirostris, were never performed. Here we provide a review of the taxonomic and nomenclatural history of S. maximiliani, reevaluate the validity and taxonomic status of the subspecies based on morphological characters, and significantly revise its geographic distribution. Analyses based on plumage patterns and a Principal Component Analysis of morphometric characters indicated that S. m. parkesi is most appropriately treated as a synonym of the nominate taxon, which results in a monotypic S. maximiliani comprising two disjunct populations. Further, we conducted systematic searches for S. maximiliani in Brazil, in an attempt to obtain natural history information. After more than 6,000 hours of fieldwork in 45 areas of potential and historical occurrence, S. maximiliani was located only in two sites, in marshy environments called veredas, confirming the critical conservation status of this species, at least in Brazil. We discuss the conservation potential for, and the problems involved with, captive breeding of S. maximiliani for reintroduction into the wild. 

scholarly journals Short-term natural history of high-risk human papillomavirus infection in mid-adult women sampled monthly

2015 ◽  
Vol 137 (10) ◽  
pp. 2432-2442 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tsung-chieh Jane Fu ◽  
Long Fu Xi ◽  
Ayaka Hulbert ◽  
James P. Hughes ◽  
Qinghua Feng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Papillomavirus ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Natural History ◽  
Adult Women ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Human Papillomavirus Infection ◽  
Papillomavirus Infection ◽  
History Of

scholarly journals The sharks and rays of the Solomon Islands: a synthesis of their biological diversity, values and conservation status

2017 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 324 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Hylton ◽  
W. T. White ◽  
A. Chin
Keyword(s):  
Biological Diversity ◽  
Solomon Islands ◽  
Conservation Status ◽  
Iucn Red List ◽  
Anthropogenic Pressure ◽  
Limited Information ◽  
Cultural Significance ◽  
Island States ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
Wide Range

Sharks and rays are facing increasing anthropogenic pressure globally, including in the Pacific. However, data on their status and biodiversity are lacking for many Pacific Large Ocean Island States. This study aimed to construct a species checklist for the sharks and rays occurring in the Solomon Islands, review the human interactions with these species, and present a synthesis of their conservation status. Given the paucity of available data, a wide range of data sources were used including fisheries data, citizen science, and ethnobiological studies. Results were validated through a review process involving expert informants. Fifty sharks and rays were identified from the Solomon Islands, of which 20 are assessed as Vulnerable or Endangered on the IUCN Red List, 10 in the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species, and 11 in the Convention for Migratory Species. The checklist also presents an eastwards range extension for the Endangered dwarf sawfish Pristis clavata. Fishing appears to be the main impact, though impacts from habitat loss and degradation are possible. This study provides a systematic synthesis and review of the biological diversity, uses, and cultural significance of Solomon Islands sharks and rays, and describes a process for assembling species checklists and reviews in data-poor contexts. However, this synthesis is based on limited information and a complete assessment of shark and ray status in the Solomon Islands will require primary fieldwork.

scholarly journals Viral load and short-term natural history of type-specific oncogenic human papillomavirus infections in a high-risk cohort of midadult women

2013 ◽  
Vol 134 (8) ◽  
pp. 1889-1898 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rachel L. Winer ◽  
Long Fu Xi ◽  
Zhenping Shen ◽  
Joshua E. Stern ◽  
Laura Newman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Papillomavirus ◽  
Viral Load ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Natural History ◽  
Papillomavirus Infections ◽  
Short Term ◽  
History Of ◽  
High Risk Cohort

Association between the Short-term Natural History of Diabetic Macular Edema and the Vitreomacular Relationship in Type II Diabetes Mellitus

Ophthalmology ◽  
1997 ◽  
Vol 104 (3) ◽  
pp. 473-478 ◽  
Author(s):  
Taiichi Hikichi ◽  
Naoki Fujio ◽  
Jun Akiba ◽  
Yoshinao Azuma ◽  
Masatoshi Takahashi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Natural History ◽  
Macular Edema ◽  
Diabetic Macular Edema ◽  
Type Ii Diabetes ◽  
Type Ii Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type Ii ◽  
Short Term ◽  
History Of

scholarly journals Reptile diversity and community composition in the Puyango dry forest

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Acosta Vásconez Ana ◽  
Cisneros-Heredia Diego ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Natural History ◽  
Deciduous Forest ◽  
Conservation Status ◽  
Dry Forest ◽  
Tropical Dry Forests ◽  
Pitfall Traps ◽  
Phylogenetic Groups ◽  
Dry Forests ◽  
History Of ◽  
Dry Deciduous Forest

Reptiles are key animals in vertebrate communities in most ecosystems. However, there is little information on their diversity and abundance in dry forests of Ecuador. Between 2013 and 2014 we studied the reptile diversity and natural history of the Puyango Protected Forest, on the border between the province of Loja and El Oro, Ecuador. This area protects relicts of dry deciduous forest in hills and patches of semi-deciduous forest around ravines. We used belt transects in three different streams and irregular band transects in trails, together with pitfall traps, funnel traps, and litter quadrants. The richness of the Puyango Protected Forest represents a small percentage of the Ecuadorian reptile diversity, but covers much of the representative phylogenetic groups of tropical dry forests of the world. Sampling was effective to determine saurian diversity, but more sampling is needed to estimate snake diversity. Evidence of the presence of 21 species, divided into 10 families, was obtained; of which 14 are snakes (including a potential new species of the genus Epictia) and seven are lizards. Natural history is described for each species, including time and space use, and their conservation status is analyzed. The reptile community is characterized by a relative homogeneity over the vegetation remnants and the highest abundances correspond to saurian species.

scholarly journals Notes on some Glass Frogs (Anura: Centrolenidae) from Western Ecuador: Taxonomy, natural history and conservation status, with the description of a new species

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diego F Cisneros-Heredia ◽  
Roy W. McDiarmid
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Natural History ◽  
Conservation Status ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Habitat Destruction ◽  
Undescribed Species ◽  
Science Center ◽  
Amphibian Species ◽  
Forest Remnants ◽  
History Of

Ecuador has the biggest number of amphibian species per unit of area in the world (425 species in 283,560 km2). In the last decade, conservative estimates indicate that at least 26 species of Ecuadorian amphibians have declined or gone extinct. The reasons for this crisis are not clear but have been related to habitat destruction, climate change, and/or diseases, such as chytridiomycosis. The Río Palenque Science Center (RPSC) was among the last remnants of tropical rainforest in the western lowlands of Ecuador. Twenty years ago, investigations done by R. McDiarmid, Ken Miyata and others lead to the discovery of an amazing herpetofauna, including several undescribed species. However, the expansion of the agricultural frontier and transformation of the forest remnants into oil palm and banana plantations destroyed this site. Among the species identified from RPSC were five species of glass frogs (family Centrolenidae): Centrolene prosoblepon, Cochranella spinosa, Hyalinobatrachium fleischmanni, Hyalinobatrachium sp. (cf. valerioi), and an undescribed species of the genus Centrolene. This research analyzed the morphological characters and natural history of the five glass frogs of RPSC in order to describe the new species of Centrolene from RPSC, which seems to be critically endangered, if not extinct. The new species is characterized by a combination of the following characters: 1) distinctive coloration in life with dark flecks and yellow dorsolateral stripes on a green dorsum; 2) parietal peritoneum white, covering about ½ of the venter, pericardium white, liver and stomach without guanophores, large intestine with guanophores; 3) presence of exposed prepollical spines; 4) humeral spines in males; 5) unique glandular nuptial pad between fingers I and II; and 5) reddish iris.

scholarly journals New approaches to species delimitation and population structure of corals: two case studies using ultraconserved elements and exons

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katie L. Erickson ◽  
Alicia Pentico ◽  
Andrea M. Quattrini ◽  
Catherine S. McFadden
Keyword(s):  
Population Structure ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Species Delimitation ◽  
Conservation Status ◽  
Target Enrichment ◽  
Clustering Methods ◽  
Ecological Data ◽  
Ultraconserved Elements ◽  
New Approaches ◽  
Wide Range

AbstractAs coral populations decline worldwide in the face of ongoing environmental change, documenting their distribution, diversity and conservation status is now more imperative than ever. Accurate delimitation and identification of species is a critical first step. This task, however, is not trivial as morphological variation and slowly evolving molecular markers confound species identification. New approaches to species delimitation in corals are needed to overcome these challenges. Here, we test whether target enrichment of ultraconserved elements (UCEs) and exons can be used for delimiting species boundaries and population structure within species of corals by focusing on two octocoral genera, Alcyonium and Sinularia, as exemplary case studies. We designed an updated bait set (29,363 baits) to target-capture 3,040 UCE and exon loci, recovering a mean of 1,910 ± 168 SD per sample with a mean length of 1,055 ± 208 bp. Similar numbers of loci were recovered from Sinularia (1,946 ± 227 SD) and Alcyonium (1,863 ± 177 SD). Species-level phylogenies were highly supported for both genera. Clustering methods based on filtered SNPs delimited species and populations that are congruent with previous allozyme, DNA barcoding, reproductive and ecological data for Alcyonium, and offered further evidence of hybridization among species. For Sinularia, results were congruent with those obtained from a previous study using Restriction Site Associated DNA Sequencing. Both case studies demonstrate the utility of target-enrichment of UCEs and exons to address a wide range of evolutionary and taxonomic questions across deep to shallow time scales in corals.

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