scholarly journals A comparison of abundance and distribution model outputs using camera traps and sign surveys for feral pigs

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Derek R. Risch ◽  
Jeremy Ringma ◽  
Shaya Honarvar ◽  
Melissa R. Price
Keyword(s):  
Camera Traps ◽  
Distribution Model ◽  
Feral Pigs ◽  
Sign Surveys ◽  
Abundance And Distribution

scholarly journals Multiple methods increase detection of large and medium-sized mammals: working with volunteers in south-eastern Oman

Oryx ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 51 (2) ◽  
pp. 290-297 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcelo Mazzolli ◽  
Taiana Haag ◽  
Beatriz G. Lippert ◽  
Eduardo Eizirik ◽  
Matthias L.A. Hammer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Camera Traps ◽  
Individual Species ◽  
Grid Cells ◽  
Multiple Methods ◽  
Mammal Species ◽  
Wild Mammals ◽  
Molecular Scatology ◽  
Sign Surveys ◽  
Procavia Capensis ◽  
Hyaena Hyaena

AbstractWe compared the effectiveness of various methods for surveying medium and large wild mammals in southern Oman. Working with volunteers recruited by Biosphere Expeditions, wildlife professionals and local rangers, we used direct observation, camera traps, sign surveys (tracks and/or dung) and molecular scatology to study 66 sampling units of 2 × 2 km (grid cells) in an area of 32 × 36 km during a 4-week period in February–March 2011. Sixteen mammal species were recorded, and the largest numbers of species were recorded by sign surveys and camera traps (both n = 9); sign surveys, direct sightings and DNA scatology recorded species across the largest number of grid cells. For species with a sample size large enough for comparison (i.e. detected in ≥ 8 grid cells), DNA scatology proved most effective for detecting caracal Caracal caracal, signs for hyaena Hyaena hyaena, ibex Capra nubiana, porcupine Hystrix indica and hyrax Procavia capensis, and signs and direct sightings for mountain gazelle Gazella gazella. Clustering, in which records from multiple methods are either adjacent or overlapping, was highest (≥ 76%) for the wolf Canis lupus, porcupine, ibex and gazelle. Our results indicate the best methods to detect and record the distributions of individual species in the study area, and demonstrate the advantage of using multiple methods to reduce the risk of false absences or partial detections. Our findings also highlight the potential of clustering as a means of cross-checking results of observations that are skill-dependent, which is particularly useful when employing a large workforce.

scholarly journals Short Communication: The existence of Javan Leopard (Panthera pardus melas Cuvier, 1809) in the non-conservation forest areas of Cisokan, Cianjur, West Java, Indonesia

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 42-46 ◽  
Author(s):  
SYA SYA SHANIDA ◽  
RUHYAT PARTASASMITA ◽  
TEGUH HUSODO ◽  
PARIKESIT PARIKESIT ◽  
PUPUT FEBRIANTO ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Short Communication ◽  
Camera Trap ◽  
Camera Traps ◽  
Forest Area ◽  
Encounter Rate ◽  
Panthera Pardus ◽  
Accurate Data ◽  
West Java ◽  
Sign Surveys ◽  
Direct Data

Shanidah SS, Partasasmita P, Hudoso T. Parikesit, Febriato P, Meganatara EN. 2018. Short Communication: The existence of Javan Leopard (Panthera pardus melas Cuvier, 1809) in the non-conservation forest areas of Cisokan, Cianjur, West Java, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 19: 42-46. There is no accurate data about the number of individual leopards in Java Island in both conservation and nonconservation areas. In West Java, deforestation for plantations and agriculture is widespread, although it is unknown if leopard uses these human-altered habitats. Therefore, it is important to research the existence of leopards in Non-Conservation Forest Area (NCFA) in western Java, Indonesia. The aim of this research is to investigate: (i) evidence of leopard’s existence (ii) encounter rate of leopard’s existence; and (iii) estimation of individual leopards in NCFA, Cisokan, Cianjur, and West Java. Indirect data were obtained from sign surveys for feces, scrapes, footprints, and residual prey. We also obtained direct data with camera traps. We found 13 footprints, 2 feces, 4 scrapes, and 2 direct encounters by observers. The camera trap data recorded 12 independent leopard events and 8 leopard photos/100 trap days. Estimated number of leopards in Cisokan ranged 1-3 individuals.

Ecology and conservation of the northern hopping-mouse (Notomys aquilo)

2016 ◽  
Vol 64 (1) ◽  
pp. 21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rebecca L. Diete ◽  
Paul D. Meek ◽  
Christopher R. Dickman ◽  
Luke K.-P. Leung
Keyword(s):  
Conservation Status ◽  
Species Conservation ◽  
Camera Traps ◽  
Camera Trapping ◽  
Home Ranges ◽  
Pitfall Trapping ◽  
Sandy Substrate ◽  
Live Trapping ◽  
Eucalypt Woodland ◽  
Abundance And Distribution

The northern hopping-mouse (Notomys aquilo) is a cryptic and enigmatic rodent endemic to Australia’s monsoonal tropics. Focusing on the insular population on Groote Eylandt, Northern Territory, we present the first study to successfully use live traps, camera traps and radio-tracking to document the ecology of N. aquilo. Searches for signs of the species, camera trapping, pitfall trapping and spotlighting were conducted across the island during 2012–15. These methods detected the species in three of the 32 locations surveyed. Pitfall traps captured 39 individuals over 7917 trap-nights. Females were significantly longer and heavier, and had better body condition, than males. Breeding occurred throughout the year; however, the greatest influx of juveniles into the population occurred early in the dry season in June and July. Nine individuals radio-tracked in woodland habitat utilised discrete home ranges of 0.39–23.95 ha. All individuals used open microhabitat proportionally more than was available, and there was a strong preference for eucalypt woodland on sandy substrate rather than for adjacent sandstone woodland or acacia shrubland. Camera trapping was more effective than live trapping at estimating abundance and, with the lower effort required to employ this technique, it is recommended for future sampling of the species. Groote Eylandt possibly contains the last populations of N. aquilo, but even there its abundance and distribution have decreased dramatically in surveys over the last several decades. Therefore, we recommend that the species’ conservation status under the Environment Protection and Biodiversity Conservation Act 1999 be changed from ‘vulnerable’ to ‘endangered’.

Non-target species interaction with sodium fluoroacetate (1080) meat bait for controlling feral pigs (Sus scrofa)

2015 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 158 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amanda Millar ◽  
Matthew Gentle ◽  
Luke K.-P. Leung
Keyword(s):  
Species Interactions ◽  
National Park ◽  
Species Interaction ◽  
Camera Traps ◽  
Target Species ◽  
Fresh Meat ◽  
Feral Pigs ◽  
Unknown Species ◽  
Species Groups ◽  
Mean Time

Fresh meat baits containing sodium fluoroacetate (1080) are widely used for controlling feral pigs in Queensland, but there is a potential poisoning risk to non-target species. This study investigated the non-target species interactions with meat bait by comparing the time until first approach, investigation, sample and consumption, and whether dying bait green would reduce interactions. A trial assessing species interactions with undyed bait was completed at Culgoa Floodplain National Park, Queensland. Meat baits were monitored for 79 consecutive days with camera traps. Of 40 baits, 100% were approached, 35% investigated (moved) and 25% sampled, and 25% consumed. Monitors approached (P < 0.05) and investigated (P < 0.05) the bait more rapidly than pigs or birds, but the median time until first sampling was not significantly different (P > 0.05), and did not consume any entire bait. A trial was conducted at Whetstone State Forest, southern Queensland, with green-dyed and undyed baits monitored for eight consecutive days with cameras. Of 60 baits, 92% were approached and also investigated by one or more non-target species. Most (85%) were sampled and 57% were consumed, with monitors having slightly more interaction with undyed baits than with green-dyed baits. Mean time until first approach and sample differed significantly between species groups (P = 0.038 and 0.007 respectively) with birds approaching sooner (P < 0.05) and monitors sampling later (P < 0.05) than other (unknown) species (P > 0.05). Undyed bait was sampled earlier (mean 2.19 days) than green-dyed bait (2.7 days) (P = 0.003). Data from the two trials demonstrate that many non-target species regularly visit and sample baits. The use of green-dyed baits may help reduce non-target uptake, but testing is required to determine the effect on attractiveness to feral pigs. Further research is recommended to quantify the benefits of potential strategies to reduce the non-target uptake of meat baits to help improve the availability of bait to feral pigs.

scholarly journals Sometimes I see spots: patterns of abundance and distribution of the bobcat (Lynx rufus) in different regions of México

Therya ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 249-255
Author(s):  
Horacio Barcenas ◽  
Rodrigo A. Medellin
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
The United States ◽  
Camera Traps ◽  
Lynx Rufus ◽  
Southern United States ◽  
Southern Mexico ◽  
The North ◽  
Abundance Patterns ◽  
Capture Recapture ◽  
Abundance And Distribution

Bobcats (Lynx rufus) are distributed throughout North America, but bobcat densities have been well-documented primarily only for the United States.  The highest known density of this species is in the southern United States, and from there their density decreases northward to southern Canada.  Despite the fact thatMéxico contains about 35 % of the species range, there are no data on their abundance or density in México. The objectives of this study were to document the density of bobcats from northwestern to southern México and to understand the abundance patterns of this species.  Camera traps were used in combination with capture-recapture models to estimate densities.  Using the MaxEnt ecological niche model, the potential distribution of the bobcat was obtained.  With an effort of 2,070 camera trap days, we obtained 41 bobcat photographs in five localities from 2005 to 2007.  Our estimated bobcat densities varied from 0.05 to 0.53 bobcat/km2.  Using MaxEnt, we estimated the available habitat in each site and extrapolated the density data to obtain a range of bobcat population estimates per site.  The areas estimated were between 1,861 to 16,663 km2, with a population from 592 to 2,161 bobcats.  Bobcat density in México is highest in the north and decreases to the south of its range.  Probably the optimal habitat for this species is found in the southern United States and northern México where the highest densities of its entire distribution occur. 

Assessing visibility bias associated with helicopter counts of feral pigs in Australia's semi-arid rangelands

1995 ◽  
Vol 22 (5) ◽  
pp. 569 ◽  
Author(s):  
D Choquenot
Keyword(s):  
Black Soil ◽  
Aerial Survey ◽  
Feral Pigs ◽  
Survey Technique ◽  
Removal Experiments ◽  
Arid Rangelands ◽  
Riverine Habitats ◽  
Study Sites ◽  
Abundance And Distribution ◽  
Semi Arid

Aerial survey is a rapid technique for obtaining information about the abundance and distribution of feral pigs. To obtain estimates of actual pig abundance from such surveys, visibility bias associated with counts of pig groups must be estimated and accounted for. A double-count survey technique was used to estimate habitat-specific visibility bias associated with counts of pigs obtained from standardised helicopter surveys conducted in the semi-arid rangelands. Visibility bias differed significantly between riverine black-soil floodplains and non-riverine habitats, suggesting that at least two visibility-bias correction factors (3.61 and 1.47,respectively) were needed to derive absolute estimates of abundance from observed counts. The density of pigs was reduced experimentally on six sites by helicopter shooting or trapping to (1) evaluate the effect of helicopter shooting on visibility bias during subsequent helicopter surveys, and (2) provide further information on visibility bias associated with black-soil floodplain habitat. The experiments indicated no effect of helicopter shooting on visibility bias. However, a significant positive relationship between percentage cover of black-soil floodplain and visibility bias on study sites used for removal experiments suggests that estimates of visibility bias for this habitat derived from double-count surveys may be underestimates.

scholarly journals Understanding distribution and occupancy of Himalayan Monal in Uttarkashi district, Uttarakhand

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amira Sharief ◽  
Hemant Singh ◽  
Bheem Dutt Joshi ◽  
Tanoy Mukherjee ◽  
Kailash Chandra ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Detection Probability ◽  
Site Occupancy ◽  
Null Model ◽  
Average Density ◽  
Camera Traps ◽  
Occupancy Probability ◽  
Sign Surveys ◽  
Reserve Forest ◽  
Anthropogenic Threats ◽  
Conservation And Management

AbstractThe Himalayan Monal is a conservation priority species in its entire distribution range. Its population is declining in many areas due to various anthropogenic threats. The information on species distribution and its abundance is lacking in many areas which are vital for conservation and management planning. Hence, through the present study, we have assessed the abundance and occupancy of Himalayan monal in Uttarkashi district (Uttarakhand). We used camera traps and conventional sign surveys for documenting the species during 2018-2019. We installed a total of 69 camera traps (2819 trap nights) and surveyed 54 trails (650 km) which represents entire habitat and topographic variability of the landscape. The occupancy and detection probability was modelled using the habitat variables. The top model showed that occupancy probability of Himalayan monal was positively influenced by the slope (β =27.52 ±16.25) and negatively influenced by Reserve Forest (RF) (β= −8.14 SE ± 4.99). The observed naïve occupancy of Himalayan Monal was 0.69 in the study area, which was slightly lower than the estimated occupancy. However, in the null model, the site occupancy estimated was found to be 0.82±0.08 and with detection probability 0.23±0.03. The overall abundance of monal was estimated about 171.58 ±10.2 in the study area with an average density of 0.62/ km2. The activity pattern analysis indicates that monal remains very active between 6.00 hrs −12.00 hrs and relatively less active during mid-day when humans are most active 11.30 hrs-16.30 hrs. The present study is a first attempt to estimate occupancy and abundance using camera traps as well as sign survey for the species primarily from non-Protected Area (PA). We found that Himalayan monal is abundant outside the PAs, which is a good indication for its long-term viability and also identified areas for conservation and management prioritization in Uttarkashi.

scholarly journals Mammals of Papikonda Hills, northern Eastern Ghats, India

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. 10823 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vikram Aditya ◽  
Thyagarajan Ganesh
Keyword(s):  
National Park ◽  
Camera Traps ◽  
Deciduous Forests ◽  
Eastern Ghats ◽  
Field Guides ◽  
Comprehensive Literature Review ◽  
Sign Surveys ◽  
High Conservation ◽  
Mammal Diversity ◽  
High Diversity

Papikonda National Park covering an area of 1,012km2 holds high conservation value as the only national park in the geographically vast northern Eastern Ghats.  The tropical moist deciduous forests support species assemblages characteristic of the Eastern Ghats. We conducted the first comprehensive assessment of the mammal diversity in Papikonda National Park using camera traps, sign surveys and community interviews between October 2014 and March 2015, combined with a comprehensive literature review of research articles, field guides and IUCN species range reports.  A total of 55 species from 46 genera belonging to 24 families were enumerated.  There was a high diversity of carnivores (15 species), followed by chiropterans (13 species) and rodents (11 species).  

scholarly journals Saharan cheetah Acinonyx jubatus hecki, a ghostly dweller on Niger's Termit massif

Oryx ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 49 (4) ◽  
pp. 591-594 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claudio Sillero-Zubiri ◽  
Susana Rostro-García ◽  
Dylan Burruss ◽  
Alkabouss Matchano ◽  
Abdoulaye Harouna ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Iucn Red List ◽  
Red List ◽  
Camera Traps ◽  
Population Status ◽  
Negative Attitudes ◽  
Acinonyx Jubatus ◽  
Level Of Education ◽  
Western Africa ◽  
Sign Surveys ◽  
North Western

AbstractThe Saharan cheetah Acinonyx jubatus hecki, once broadly distributed across north-western Africa, now occurs in only 9% of its former range and is categorized as Critically Endangered on the IUCN Red List. The Saharan cheetah is rare and threatened but there is a lack of reliable data on its population status and distribution. We report sightings of cheetahs in the Termit & Tin Toumma National Nature and Cultural Reserve of Niger, recorded using three methods: camera-trap surveys, sign surveys and interviews with local people. We recorded three individuals in camera-traps, three direct sightings of lone individuals, 43 distinct cheetah tracks, and one cheetah scat, which suggest a resident population. Most respondents had negative attitudes towards carnivores, including the cheetah. Paradoxically, local nomads reported no conflict with the cheetah and perceived that the number of cheetahs was declining. Attitudes towards carnivores were correlated with respondents’ age and level of education. Efforts to reduce killing of carnivores and their prey are needed but it is equally important for conservation initiatives to focus on increasing local knowledge about wildlife through education, particularly targeted at the younger generation. Our findings highlight the benefits of using various techniques for recording the presence of a rare carnivore.

scholarly journals Population and distribution of Sunda porcupine (Hystrix javanica F. Cuvier, 1823) in designated area of Cisokan Hydropower, West Java, Indonesia

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 762-769 ◽  
Author(s):  
IRINA A MUSTIKASARI ◽  
SUSANTI WITHANINGSIH ◽  
ERRI N MEGANTARA ◽  
TEGUH HUSODO ◽  
PARIKESIT PARIKESIT
Keyword(s):  
Data Collection ◽  
Total Population ◽  
Defense Mechanism ◽  
Camera Traps ◽  
Distribution Data ◽  
Natural Forests ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
West Java ◽  
The Third ◽  
Sign Surveys

Abstract. Mustikasari IA, Withaningsih S, Megantara EN, Husodo T, Parikesit. 2019. Population and distribution of Sunda porcupine (Hystrix javanica F. Cuvier, 1823) at designated area of Cisokan Hydropower, West Java, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 20:  762-769. One of the endemic species of Indonesia is the Sunda porcupine (Hystrix javanica). Sunda porcupine is a big rodent which has unique defense mechanism behavior using its quills. This research was conducted in the designated area of Cisokan Hydropower (PLTA Cisokan), in West Java, Indonesia. The method in this study is qualitative to determine the total population and distribution. Data collection techniques were carried out by sign surveys (burrow, footprints, quills, food sites, and feces), camera traps, and semi-structured interviews. The result shows the number of porcupine populations in the designated area of Cisokan Hydropower is 6-29 individuals. Porcupine population is distributed in five regions, namely the first region consisting of Pasir Gagak, Cigintung, Batu Sahulu and Batu Nunggul; the second region is Batu Tumpeng and Batu Wulung; the third region is Curug Japarana; the fourth region consists of Sarongge and Cadas Gantung; and the fifth region is Pongpok. Based on the type of land cover, the porcupine population is commonly found in the types of shrub/huma /ladang, talun, and natural forests.

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