An estimate of above-ground carbon stock in tropical rainforest on Manus Island, Papua New Guinea

2015 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 307
Author(s):  
Arison Arihafa ◽  
Sebastian Dalgarno ◽  
Ezra Neale
Keyword(s):  
Papua New Guinea ◽  
Carbon Stock ◽  
Linear Models ◽  
Forest Type ◽  
Stock Assessment ◽  
New Guinea ◽  
Carbon Accounting ◽  
Total Carbon ◽  
Tropical Region ◽  
Emission Mitigation

Forest carbon emission mitigation schemes seek to protect tropical forest, combat effects of climate change, and offer potential cash and development opportunities. Reducing emissions from deforestation and degradation (REDD+) projects based on a foundation of accurate carbon stock assessment provide such an opportunity for Papua New Guinea. The objective of this study was to quantify the carbon stock of the central forests of Manus Island, Papua New Guinea, and identify factors that underpin any observed variation within it. We employed the Winrock Standard Operating Procedures for Terrestrial Carbon Measurement for plots and associated measurements. In 75 variable-radius nested plots (total area = 14.4 ha), we assessed above-ground and total carbon stock of stems ≥5 cm diameter at breast height via general linear models in a model-selection framework. The top models described variation in average carbon stock at 95% lower and upper confidence interval in above-ground biomass solely in terms of forest type: primary hill forest 165.0 Mg C ha–1 (148.3–183.7, n = 48), primary plain forest 100.9 Mg C ha–1 (78.0–130.6, n = 10) and secondary hill forests 99.7 Mg C ha–1 (80.9–122.9, n = 17). To a lesser extent, above-ground carbon stock increased with slope and varied idiosyncratically by the nearest village. Our estimates are comparable with published studies for Papua New Guinea and the wider tropical region. These data should strengthen pre-existing knowledge and inform policies on carbon accounting for REDD+ projects in the region.

Disturbance Impacts of Logging on Ground Herbaceous Plant Species Richness, Diversity, and Composition of Lowland Rainforest of Papua New Guinea

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Penniel Lamei ◽  
Fabio Attorre ◽  
Riccardo Testolin ◽  
Michele De Sanctis ◽  
Ruth Turia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Papua New Guinea ◽  
Forest Type ◽  
Elevation Gradient ◽  
New Guinea ◽  
Herbaceous Plant ◽  
Herbaceous Layer ◽  
Lowland Forest ◽  
P Type ◽  
The Impact

The impact of logging activities on species richness, diversity, and composition of the ground herbaceous layer of the lowland forest of Papua New Guinea was analyzed. Data from the first multipurpose National Forest Inventory were collected in 52 plots from logged and unlogged low altitude forest on plains and fans (P) and forest on uplands (H) in Madang, West New Britain and Central Provinces. The abundance of 10,609 ground herbaceous plants classified in 174 species from 103 genera and 35 families. Based on importance values, Arecaceae was the dominating family in both logged and unlogged P forest type, while Urticaceae and Arecaceae were dominating respectively in logged and unlogged H forest type. At species level, Donax canniformis and Elatostema beccarii are dominating the P type, and Elatostema novoguineensis and Selaginella durvillei the H type. Analysis of species richness, diversity, and composition showed significant differences between the two types with the H type being richer and more diverse than P type. No differences emerged between logged and unlogged of both types, indicating that the current intensity of disturbance does not seem to have a significant impact on the ground herbaceous layer. Since herbaceous species are an important component of the tropical forest diversity, further inventories must be conducted along a wider elevation gradient to make these results more robust and better observe species turn over patterns and beta diversity.

How Much Carbon Do the Soils of Papua New Guinea Forests Contain?

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Sam ◽  
P. Nimiago ◽  
T. Gaima ◽  
M. Gamung ◽  
L. Moripi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Content ◽  
Papua New Guinea ◽  
Forest Soils ◽  
Forest Biomass ◽  
New Guinea ◽  
Parent Material ◽  
Soil Survey ◽  
Total Carbon ◽  
Total Carbon Content ◽  
Complexing Capacity

Preliminary assessment of carbon in forest soils of Papua New Guinea (PNG) was done for 53 sites. Simple soil-landscape model was constructed to explain how soil carbon relates to landscape position and landform processes. Despite limitations of the soil survey, sufficient data have been obtained to indicate that the amount of carbon in forest soils surveyed so far is related primarily to their carbon-complexing capacity (CCC) which, in turn, depends on their geological parent material and parent rock. Soils were grouped into six categories based on their carbon content. The six categories ranged from very low 0–50 t/ha to extremely high 601–1,000 t/ha. Amalgamating the areas of mapped geological units on the basis of their likely CCC and their median carbon content has enabled the total carbon content of all forest soils in PNG to be estimated as 7,727 × 106 t. This figure is approximate and will be modified as more results are obtained and more sophisticated GIS-based landscape analysis is undertaken. The total carbon in forest biomass, as measured in this National Inventory and estimated for roots, is 4,006 × 106 t. Thus, the total carbon in PNG’s forests at present is estimated to be 11,733 × 106 t, with 66% stored in the soil and 34% in the biomass. The high proportion of ecosystem carbon held in the soil emphasises the importance of implementing soil conservation measures to maintain the total carbon resource in PNG’s forests.

scholarly journals Optimum plot and sample sizes for carbon stock and biodiversity estimation in the lowland tropical forests of Papua New Guinea

2015 ◽  
Vol 89 (2) ◽  
pp. 150-158 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giorgio Grussu ◽  
Riccardo Testolin ◽  
Simon Saulei ◽  
Alessio Farcomeni ◽  
Cossey K. Yosi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Papua New Guinea ◽  
Tropical Forests ◽  
Carbon Stock ◽  
New Guinea ◽  
Sample Sizes

scholarly journals Stand density management and blue carbon stock of monospecific mangrove plantation in Bohol, Philippines

2017 ◽  
Vol 66 (1) ◽  
pp. 75-83
Author(s):  
Dixon T. Gevaña ◽  
Leni D. Camacho ◽  
Sofronio C. Camacho
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Stock ◽  
Local Community ◽  
Stock Assessment ◽  
Carbon Stocks ◽  
Blue Carbon ◽  
Total Carbon ◽  
Rhizophora Stylosa ◽  
Young Stand ◽  
Mature Stand ◽  
Significant Difference

AbstractBlue carbon pertains to carbon stock that is stored by marine ecosystems including mangrove forest. Density and blue carbon stock assessment was conducted covering matureRhizophora stylosaGriff. plantations in Bohol, Philippines. Three stand types were assessed: thinned mature stand (0.34 tree m−2at 55 years old; 35 ha); non-thinned mature stand (1.2 tree m−2at 55 years old; 20 ha) and young stand (2.6 tree m−2at 20 years old; 150 ha). These plantations were initially established with a plant spacing of 0.5 m × 0.5 m. Non-destructive plot sampling technique was used to account biomass and carbon stocks of trees and sediments. Five (5) sample plots measuring 200 m2were allocated for each stand type. Results showed that the total carbon stock of plantations amassed to 64.5 ktC or 236.6 ktCO2e. More than half (at least 54%) of this stock is imbedded in sediment. Individual accounts showed that carbon stock was largest in non-thinned stand with 435.2 tC ha−1, followed by thinned stand (408.5 tC ha−1) and young stand (276.8 tC ha−1). There was no significant difference between thinned and non-thinned mature stands carbon stocks. Such finding suggested the potential of having thinning intervention. Following the self-thinning rule of 1.1 to 1.3 tree m−2, the local community can harvest as much as 423 trees ha−1yr−1for 35 years starting at the plantation age of 20 years. Further, the additional carbon stock between the ages 20 to 55 years could reach about 580 tCO2e ha−1with an economic value of USD 2,962 ha−1. With this potential benefits, it is recommended that Banacon Island should pursue a carbon offset project for its plantations.

scholarly journals Biomass and Carbon Stock in the Sal (Shorea robusta) Forest of Dang District Nepal

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 204-212
Author(s):  
Supuspa Regmi ◽  
Krishna Prasad Dahal ◽  
Garima Sharma ◽  
Siddhartha Regmi ◽  
Mahamad Sayab Miya
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Stock ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Carbon Accounting ◽  
Total Carbon ◽  
Community Forests ◽  
Shorea Robusta ◽  
Block Number ◽  
Sal Forest ◽  
Below Ground ◽  
The Mean

The study was conducted to find the net carbon stock in the Sal (Shorea robusta) forest in Bagdaila Chisapani community forest of Dang district, Nepal. The inventory was done by a stratified sampling technique with 0.5% sampling intensity taking into account the woody plants with ≥ 5cm DBH. A total of 49 sample plots of radius 8.94m and 5.64 were established to measure tree biomass and sapling biomass respectively in the forest. The mean above-ground carbon (AGC) was 160.4 t ha-1 and the mean below-ground carbon (BGC) was 24.1t ha-1. The mean total carbon stock in the study area was estimated to be 99.02 t ha-1; of which maximum carbon stock of 143.51 t ha-1 was found in block number 5. Sal was the major tree species in the CF. The biomass and carbon content in this forest is found quite low as compared to other studies in the Sal forest and other tropical forests which were due to the presence of tree stands of less diameter and height. This study would be helpful in the long-term management of forests, planning, and research purposes. The data from this study could also be taken as a reference document for the participation of community forests in carbon accounting under the REDD+ scheme in Nepal.

scholarly journals Carbon stock assessment using forest canopy density mapper in agroforestry land in Berau, East Kalimantan, Indonesia

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (9) ◽  
Author(s):  
Adisti Permatasari Putri Hartoyo ◽  
Lilik Budi Prasetyo ◽  
Iskandar Zulkarnaen Siregar ◽  
Supriyanto . ◽  
Ida Theilade ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Stock ◽  
Forest Canopy ◽  
Stock Assessment ◽  
Basal Area ◽  
Stand Density ◽  
Total Carbon ◽  
Tree Stand ◽  
Canopy Density ◽  
Forest Canopy Density ◽  
Total Carbon Stock

Abstract. Hartoyo APP, Prasetyo LB, Siregar IZ, Supriyanto, Theilade I, Siregar UJ. 2019. Carbon stock assessment using forest canopy density mapper in agroforestry land in Berau, East Kalimantan, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 20: 2661-2676. In the Reducing Emissions from Deforestation and forest Degradation (REDD+) program, remote sensing is the most important tool for measuring forest cover and carbon dynamic, including the utilization of software Forest Canopy Density (FCD) mapper. However, there have been rarely untested the accuracy of FCD applied in agroforestry landscapes to support carbon stock assessment compared to conventional field measurement data. This research was aimed to investigate the correlation between: (i) the value of FCD (%) and tree stand density (N/ha), (ii) the value of FCD (%) and basal area (m2/ha), (iii) the value of FCD (%) and total carbon stock (Mg C/ha), and iv) total carbon stock and percentage of canopy closure (%). Tree stand density, basal area, carbon stock and canopy profile were conventionally measured by trained members of local communities. The results of this study showed that the R2 between FCD and tree density was 37.7% (r = 61.4%), while the R2 between FCD and the basal area was 3.33% (r = 18.3%). The result of normality and heteroscedasticity tests showed that FCD was more accurate and precise in estimating the tree stand density model than the basal area model. Total carbon stock differed significantly (p<0.1) from tree density with R2 = 27.7% (r = 27.3%). Total carbon can be predicted using FCD with total carbon (Mg C/ha) = 13.005 + 0.826 FCD. Our findings suggest that FCD can be used as a new method to estimate tree density and total carbon stock cheaply, efficiently and accurately to support carbon stock assessment in agroforest practices. In carbon assessment, total carbon stock can also be estimated using canopy closure measurement.

scholarly journals Carbon Stock of Human-Disturbed Forest Areas in Bukidnon, Philippines

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Arieh P. Medina ◽  
Vember C. Cabahug ◽  
Gabriel Erico G. Zapico
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Stock ◽  
Forest Type ◽  
Stock Assessment ◽  
Soil Analysis ◽  
Tree Height ◽  
Natural Forests ◽  
Biomass Density ◽  
Average Biomass ◽  
Below Ground ◽  
Disturbed Forest

AbstractA carbon stock assessment was done on two forest areas in Bukidnon, Philippines specifically in Mt. Kiamo in Kibalabag Village and Mt. Capistrano in Managok Village both in Malaybalay City, Bukidnon. Using a nested sampling design, tree diameter at breast height as well as tree height were measured. Allometric equations were then used to calculate for the above and below ground biomass density of trees. Destructive sampling was then employed to determine the biomass density of understory and litterfall, while composite sampling was done for soil analysis. Carbon content was then used to compute for the carbon stock of the different carbon pools in the studied ecosystems. The average biomass density of the two areas was found to be 247.80 Mg ha−1 which are closely similar to other areas of the same forest type in Mindanao. Likewise the average carbon stock of the two areas is 143.14 MgC ha−1 which is similar to tree plantations based on previous studies. Furthermore, the said carbon stock is approximately 40% lower than the country average for natural forests (250 MgC ha−1). The results demonstrate the extent of the diminishing carbon sequestration capability of forest areas due to human disturbance.

scholarly journals Carbon stock potential on various land covers in heath forest in Liang Anggang, South Kalimantan

Jurnal Galam ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 61-78
Author(s):  
Muhammad Abdul Qirom ◽  
◽  
Tri Ani Mindawati ◽  
Kissinger Kissinger ◽  
Abdhi Fithria ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Land Cover ◽  
Carbon Storage ◽  
Carbon Stock ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Forest Type ◽  
Peat Soil ◽  
Total Carbon ◽  
Barren Land ◽  
Storage Potential ◽  
Heath Forest

Heath forest serves as a large carbon and water storage. This study aims to obtain information on carbon storage potential of each carbon component in heat forest in Liang Anggang Protection Forest. Data collection was carried out on six types of land cover, namely: agricultural land, barren land/settlement, scrub, peat soil, and forest. The carbon components were measured such as trees, undergrowth, litter, necromass, and soil. Measurement plots were established with size of 40 x 100 m for trees and necromasses > 30 cm in size, and sub-plots measuring 5 x 40 m for trees with a diameter of 5–30 cm as many as 5 plots for each type of land cover. The understorey and litter components used a plot with size of 0.5 x 0.5 m. In tree pools, carbon stock was determined by indirect measured with alometric model, while the other was used by direct measurenment. The results showed that carbon in the soil contributed the largest potential carbon storage (> 95%) of the total carbon storage in all land cover types. The pattern of the proportion of carbon storage in this forest type was similar to the peat swamp forest type. On heat forest, carbon stock potential on scrub was 318.8 Mg/Ha and the potential of heat forest type was the lowest (256.8 Mg/Ha ). In total, the average carbon storage potential was 285.01 ± 48.78 Mg/Ha. The carbon storage at this location reached 2.99 x 105 tons of carbon, or equivalent to carbon absorption of 1,10 X 106 CO2 e ton CO2e. The large amount of carbon storage in heath forest in the study area has the potential to support diversification and optimization of land use through a carbon trading scheme. Key words: trade, agriculture, proportion, scheme, soil

Public Health in Papua New Guinea

1989 ◽  
Author(s):  
Donald Denoon ◽  
Kathleen Dugan ◽  
Leslie Marshall
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Papua New Guinea ◽  
New Guinea
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