Invertebrate conservation in Australia: problems in policy and practice.

2013 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 104 ◽  
Author(s):  
T R New ◽  
A L Yen
Keyword(s):  
Interest Groups ◽  
Limited Resources ◽  
Biological Knowledge ◽  
Policy And Practice ◽  
Basic Study ◽  
Invertebrate Conservation ◽  
Lack Of Information ◽  
Invertebrate Biodiversity ◽  
History Of ◽  
Effective Conservation

UNDERTAKING programmes for invertebrate conservation in Australia has always been difficult because of (1) lack of information about the target taxa, (2) the small number of relevant invertebrate specialists, and (3) competition with the better known plants and animals for limited resources to conduct these programmes. The task of invertebrate conservation is both formidable and increasingly urgent, and must be undertaken with very inadequate taxonomic and biological knowledge. The history of insect conservation interest in Australia (summarized by New and Yen 2012) demonstrates many of the problems that may be even greater amongst lesser-known invertebrates. Reviews (New 1984; Yen and Butcher 1997; Hutchings and Ponder 1999; Sands and New 2002; Clarke and Spier 2003), conferences (primarily the series of Invertebrate Biodiversity and Conservation Conferences, or IBCC, that have been conducted every two years since 1993), numerous workshops, and interest groups (such as the Conservation Committee of the Australian Entomological Society), and establishment of recovery teams have collectively publicized invertebrate conservation issues, from basic study and inventory to practical management. They have sought the widest possible inputs to ensure progress and explore the various impediments that retard effective conservation of invertebrates.

The Interplay of Developing Morality and Gender Attitudes

2020 ◽  
pp. 724-745
Author(s):  
Rebecca S. Bigler ◽  
Lynn S. Liben
Keyword(s):  
Psychological Theory ◽  
The United States ◽  
Gender Nonconformity ◽  
Gender Attitudes ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Policy And Practice ◽  
Ethical Policy ◽  
History Of ◽  
And Gender ◽  
And Behavior

Morality and gender are intersecting realms of human thought and behavior. Reasoning and action at their intersection (e.g., views of women’s rights legislation) carry important consequences for societies, communities, and individual lives. In this chapter, the authors argue that children’s developing views of morality and gender reciprocally shape one another in important and underexplored ways. The chapter begins with a brief history of psychological theory and research at the intersection of morality and gender and suggests reasons for the historical failure to view gender attitudes through moral lenses. The authors then describe reasons for expecting morality to play an important role in shaping children’s developing gender attitudes and, reciprocally, for gender attitudes to play an important role in shaping children’s developing moral values. The authors next illustrate the importance and relevance of these ideas by discussing two topics at the center of contentious debate in the United States concerning ethical policy and practice: treatment of gender nonconformity and gender-segregated schooling. The chapter concludes with suggestions for future research.

scholarly journals A double-edged sword: Children’s experiences of visiting a parent in prison in Scotland

2021 ◽  
pp. 026455052110255
Author(s):  
Kelly Lockwood ◽  
Tony Long ◽  
Nancy Loucks ◽  
Ben Raikes ◽  
Kathryn Sharratt
Keyword(s):  
Prison System ◽  
Policy And Practice ◽  
History Of

Prison visits are recognised as an important feature of a humane prison system, providing important benefits for prisoners and their family in maintaining ties (McCarthy and Adams, 2017). Scotland has a history of penal welfarism and a right-based agenda in relation to visits (McCarthy and Adams, 2017); however, there is a lack of research that focuses on visits in the context of Scottish prisons. Equally, there is limited research that considers the perspective of children visiting a parent in custody. This paper explores the experiences of children visiting a parent in prison in Scotland, highlighting lessons for policy and practice.

scholarly journals Historical Racist Violence and Intergenerational Harms: Accounts from Descendants of Lynching Victims

2021 ◽  
Vol 694 (1) ◽  
pp. 78-91
Author(s):  
Shytierra Gaston
Keyword(s):  
African Americans ◽  
Research Policy ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Policy And Practice ◽  
Violent Event ◽  
History Of ◽  
Racialized Violence ◽  
Depth Interviews ◽  
The U.S

African Americans are disproportionately victimized by various forms of racialized violence. This long-standing reality is rooted in America’s history of racist violence, one manifestation being racial lynchings. This article investigates the long-term, intergenerational consequences of racial lynchings by centering the voices and experiences of victims’ families. The data comprise in-depth interviews with twenty-two descendants of twenty-two victims lynched between 1883 and 1972 in the U.S. South. I employed a multistage qualitative analysis, revealing three main domains of harmful impacts: psychological, familial, and economic. The findings underscore that racist violence has imposed harm beyond victims and for many decades and generations after the violent event. These long-term, intergenerational harms, especially if multiplied across countless incidents, can fundamentally impact the well-being of individuals, families, and communities as well as contribute to structural and macrolevel forces. Findings from this study have implications for research, policy, and practice, including efforts toward redress and reparations.

Sexual dimorphism, deformations, and epibionts of Phrynops tuberosus (Testudines, Chelidae)

2015 ◽  
Vol 65 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 311-320 ◽  
Author(s):  
João Fabrício Mota Rodrigues ◽  
José Roberto Feitosa Silva
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Dimorphism ◽  
Natural History ◽  
Tail Length ◽  
Condition Index ◽  
Head Width ◽  
Body Condition Index ◽  
Future Studies ◽  
History Of ◽  
One Year ◽  
Effective Conservation

Studies focusing on the natural history of species are essential for developing effective conservation measures and evaluating ecological hypotheses. To this end, we describe natural history data of the Cotinga River toadhead turtle, Phrynops tuberosus, in the Banabuiú River in Ceará, Brazil, and evaluated sexual dimorphism, epibionts, and mutilation effects. We hand-captured 134 individuals by snorkeling, over a period of one year, resulting in the capture of 94 males, 24 females, and 16 juveniles. Females had larger head width and body mass than males, while males had longer tail length. One quarter of the turtles captured had some sort of injury or deformation, most common injuries being missing claws, mutilations, and shell deformations. We found no difference in body condition index between mutilated and non-mutilated animals. Mollusks, insects, and leeches were found as epibionts on P. tuberosus and most of the captured turtles had extensive algal cover. Future studies should focus on understanding the effect of mutilations on animal fitness and reproductive success.

“Pure Milk Is Better Than Purified Milk”

2007 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 411-433 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alan Czaplicki
Keyword(s):  
Interest Groups ◽  
Political Interest ◽  
The Political ◽  
Organizational Practices ◽  
Policy And Practice ◽  
Organizational Processes ◽  
Political Interests ◽  
Pure Milk ◽  
Over Time ◽  
Better Than

This article explains how pasteurization—with few outspoken political supporters during this period—first became a primary milk purification strategy in Chicago and why eight years passed between pasteurization’s initial introduction into law and the city’s adoption of full mandatory pasteurization. It expands the current focus on the political agreement to pasteurize to include the organizational processes involved in incorporating pasteurization into both policy and practice. It shows that the decision to pasteurize did not occur at a clearly defined point but instead evolved over time as a consequence of the interplay of political interest groups, state-municipal legal relations, and the merging of different organizational practices. Such an approach considerably complicates and expands existing accounts of how political interests and agreements shaped pasteurization and milk purification policies and practice.

scholarly journals Storytelling through experiencescape: Creating unique stories and extraordinary experiences in farm tourism

2018 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 93-104 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiang Y Mei ◽  
Ann-Margret S Hågensen ◽  
Heidi S Kristiansen
Keyword(s):  
Physical Environment ◽  
Research Method ◽  
Tourism Industry ◽  
Limited Resources ◽  
Explorative Study ◽  
Extraordinary Experiences ◽  
History Of ◽  
Farm Tourism ◽  
Depth Interviews ◽  
Lack Of Knowledge

Creating unique stories through storytelling as a way to stage extraordinary experiences has become increasingly important in the tourism industry, particularly in experience-based activities such as farm tourism. However, limited resources and the lack of knowledge of the experiencescape suggest that many farm tourism operators struggle to integrate the experiencescape as part of storytelling. The research method chosen was an explorative study with the use of semi-structured in-depth interviews with key farm tourism operators in the Inland region in Norway. How stories and concepts are created is dependent on the resources available, the perception of authenticity, the history of the farm as well as the environment. Storytelling can be facilitated through tangible elements in the experiencescape such as the physical environment as well as intangible elements including the interaction and dynamics between the host and guest. The farmer or the person telling the story also need to possess certain skills, engagement, and interest in order to be committed to deliver the story or the concept. Essentially, the farmer becomes a part of the product and the experience.

scholarly journals Support, Access and Antenatal Care to Women with a history of Preeclampsia in Pregnancy

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 86
Author(s):  
Evi Diliana Rospia ◽  
Andari Wuri Astuti ◽  
Retno Mawarti
Keyword(s):  
Antenatal Care ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Maternal Death ◽  
Information Search ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
Lack Of Information ◽  
Need Support ◽  
History Of ◽  
In Pregnancy

Preeclampsia and eclampsia are the second direct cause of maternal death worldwide, estimated to complicate 2-8% of all pregnancies, the global prevalence of preeclampsia is around 4.6%. The purpose of this scoping review is to provide an overview of studies related to antenatal support, access and services to mothers with a history of preeclampsia in pregnancy. The authors identify studies that explain preeclampsia in pregnancy from several databases namely PubMed, ProQuest, EBSCO and Springer Link. Searches are limited to studies published in English and present data for the 2009-2019 period. The identified study was reviewed using PRISMA Flowchart. Studies with qualitative and quantitative designs that explore the experiences of pregnant women regarding antenatal support, access and services were selected for review, while studies that were not experience related to antenatal support, access and services to mothers with a history of preeclampsia in pregnancy were excluded. A total of twelve articles were reviewed which obtained three sub-themes of support, namely the support of husband, family and health workers, from the theme of access obtained three sub-themes namely information search, modification programs and the availability of health workers. From the theme of antenatal care, four sub-themes are found, namely unsustainable care, lack of information, screening and feeling empowered. Pregnant women with preeclampsia need support from a partner or family and health workers. Information and screening need to be improved in antenatal care.

scholarly journals Construction Safety Law

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
James William Cornish
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Occupational Safety ◽  
Health And Safety ◽  
Construction Safety ◽  
Industrial Safety ◽  
Policy And Practice ◽  
Codes Of Practice ◽  
History Of ◽  
Industrial Needs

<p>The development of industrial safety law in Britain and New Zealand and the origins of construction, safety law are outlined in Part I. The administration and interpretation of the Construction Act 1959 are described in Part II, and Part III highlights the comparable statute law in three Commonwealth countries. The thesis will assist persons engaged in industry, lawyers and departmental officers in the understanding of the law and its application to construction work. The information presented on overseas law will assist those involved in the task of reviewing and consolidating the New Zealand industrial safety, health and welfare legislation. The history of the British Factories Acts leading on to the Health and Safety at Work Act 1974, described in Chapter 1, highlights the importance of a self-regulating, integrated statutory system and a professional inspectorate with an advisory role and residual enforcement powers. New Zealand safety law has developed as the country's industrial needs have determined, as will be seen from Chapter 2. Generally, British statutes have been adopted, but construction safety law is the exception and Chapter 3 shows that, from the earliest Bill introduced by Richard John Seddon in 1892 up to the present, the legislation covering the construction industry has been initiated and drafted with industry representation. The more empirical subjects such as current policy and practice, sanctions, codes, education, other legislation and reform, as well as the purpose, effect, extent and application of the Construction Act 1959 are discussed in Chapter 4. The results of the author's legal research and analysis are contained in Chapters 5 and 6 under the headings of 'Liabilities' and 'Technical Law'. The responsibilities of employers, workmen, safety supervisors, inspectors and the Crown are set out and explained in terms of the statute and the interpretation from the case law. The technical subjects include scaffolding, guardrails, brittle roofing, fall of objects, access, excavations, mechanical plant, demolition, eye protection, asbestos, work in compressed air, health and welfare. Chapters 7, 8 and 9 examine the present legislation, in Britain, Australia and Canada and indicate a trend towards a unified approach to occupational safety, health and welfare and one enactment for all places of work, and with separate regulations and codes of practice for each industry. This study has been carried out by the present Chief Safety Engineer of the Department of Labour who has been responsible for the administration of the Construction Act 1959 since 1968. A separately bound appendix includes a copy of the Construction Act 1959 and the Amendments (Appendix A), the Inspection of Building Appliances Bill 1892 (Appendix B), the Scaffolding Inspection Act 1906 (Appendix C), the Tasmanian Industrial Safety, Health and Welfare Act 1977 (Appendix D), the Ontario Occupational Health and Safety Act 1978 (Appendix E), and copies of the unreported judgments and decisions referred to in the thesis (Appendix F).</p>

Racial Disproportionalities in Discipline

2016 ◽  
pp. 149-164 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Chris Curran
Keyword(s):  
Civil Rights ◽  
Data Collection ◽  
Racial Disparities ◽  
School Safety ◽  
Zero Tolerance ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Policy And Practice ◽  
Student Safety ◽  
History Of

Student safety represents an important goal for schools; however, policies designed to facilitate school safety may have unintended negative consequences. Zero tolerance policies, those that mandate severe punitive measures, have been widely implemented by school leaders over the last several decades; however, recent research suggests that such policies may contribute to racial disparities in the use of discipline. This chapter reviews the history of zero tolerance policies in schools and, through descriptive analysis of data from the Civil Rights Data Collection of 2011-2012, documents racial disparities in the use of expulsions. Findings suggest that while zero tolerance policies may contribute to such disparities, the racial disparities are more pronounced for non-zero tolerance expulsions. Implications for policy and practice are discussed.

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