Herpetofauna, community education and logging on Choiseul Island, Solomon Islands: implications for conservation

2007 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 250 ◽  
Author(s):  
Clare Morrison ◽  
Patrick Pikacha ◽  
Tikai Pitakia ◽  
David Boseto
Keyword(s):  
Community Education ◽  
Solomon Island ◽  
Solomon Islands ◽  
Management Plan ◽  
Biodiversity Survey ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
Frog Species ◽  
Education And Awareness ◽  
Species Richness And Abundance ◽  
Terrestrial Biodiversity

Biodiversity in the Solomon Islands Is extremely rich, and in the Pacific is second only to Papua New Guinea. Despite this high diversity there are only rough estimates for the biodiversity of most taxa in the Solomon Islands. As part of a terrestrial biodiversity survey, we conducted nocturnal surveys for frogs in a range of habitats from 10?1 060 m on Choiseul Island. This work was carried out between June 2005 and January 2006. In addition to the nocturnal surveys, we also conducted opportunistic diurnal searches for reptiles as well as community environmental education and awareness workshops. Fifteen frog species (65% of all Solomon Island frogs) including all five endemic species, were found during our surveys of Choiseul Island. Most of the species were fairly widespread and abundant, however, four species (Discodeles bufoniformis, Palmatorrapia solomonis, Brachylodes trossulus and B. wolfi) were fairly restricted in their distribution. In addition, we found 20 reptile species during opportunistic surveys (30% of all Solomon Island reptiles Including four endemics). Important habitats on Choiseul Island based on frog species richness and abundance are mid-altitude rainforest (500?600 m), primary lowland rainforest and lowland coastal forest. Unfortunately, it is these habitats that are most threatened by logging operations on the island. In order to aid biodiversity conservation on Choiseul Island we recommend a number of activities including additional biodiversity surveys, increased community awareness and education about biodiversity and the impacts of logging, and the drawing up of a management plan including all terrestrial taxa for Choiseul Island forests.

Monitoring the early response to a humanitarian crisis: The use of an Omnibus Survey in the Solomon Islands

2009 ◽  
Vol 7 (5) ◽  
pp. 57
Author(s):  
Reiko Miskelly, MPP ◽  
Will Parks, PhD ◽  
Nawshad Ahmed, PhD ◽  
Asenaca Vakacegu, MA ◽  
Katherine Gilber, MPP ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United Nations ◽  
Solomon Islands ◽  
Child Survival ◽  
Early Response ◽  
Management Plan ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
Government Organizations ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
Humanitarian Crises ◽  
Rapid Monitoring

On April 2, 2007, an earthquake followed by a tsunami hit islands in Western and Choiseul Provinces of Solomon Islands. More than 36,500 people living in 304 communities were affected. Alongside other United Nations agencies, International and National Non-Government Organizations and Faith- Based Organizations, the United Nations Children’s Fund (UNICEF) has played a significant role in the emergency response. UNICEF mobilized staff and resources guided by the agency’s Core Commitment for Children in Emergencies (CCCs). Dialogue with government counterparts and partners led to an initial 6-month Emergency Management Plan (EMP) enabling coordination of UNICEF’s response to the needs of the affected population. This article describes the use of a rapid monitoring tool—the Omnibus Survey— designed to measure initial EMP targets for key child survival interventions 10 weeks after April 2. The article begins with an overview of UNICEF’s role in declared emergencies. A background to the April 2 disaster and UNICEF’s early work with partners is then provided, followed by an explanation of the Omnibus Survey. Immediate implications of the survey’s findings for UNICEF’s ongoing assistance are discussed together with broader lessons learned when preparing for and managing humanitarian crises in the Pacific.

scholarly journals CHINESE INVOLVEMENT IN VANUATU AND SOLOMON ISLAND FOREIGN POLICY AGAINST THE PAPUA ISSUE

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 95-110
Author(s):  
Marinus Mesak ◽  
Yanyan Mochamad Yani ◽  
Windy Dermawan
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Policy ◽  
Solomon Island ◽  
Solomon Islands ◽  
Pacific Region ◽  
Belt And Road Initiative ◽  
Economic Diplomacy ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
Belt And Road ◽  
Basic Infrastructure ◽  
Separatist Movement

The influence of China in the Pacific region increases due to the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) program that focuses its assistance and soft loans on the development of basic infrastructure and other supporting infrastructure. Increased economic influence has an impact on changes in regional geopolitical maps. China appears to be increasingly dominant in influencing the foreign policy of the region’s countries, including China’s involvement in controlling Vanuatu and Solomon Island’s foreign policy. At present, the issue of Papua is on the main agenda of Vanuatu and Solomon Island’s foreign policy. Significant funds are needed to finance the process of advocating for the issue of Papua in the Pacific region and the international community. One source of funding comes from Chinese aid. This article will review China’s position as a source of the financing for the Papuan separatist movement based in Vanuatu and Solomon Islands, by using a power approach and economic diplomacy. Keywords: China, Belt, and Road Initiative, economic, diplomacy, Power, Vanuatu, Solomon Island, and Internationalization of Papuan Issues.    

scholarly journals Biodiversity and conservation of freshwater fishes in selected rivers on Choiseul Island, Solomon Islands

2007 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 16 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Boseto ◽  
Clare Morrison ◽  
Patrick Pikacha ◽  
Tikai Pitakia
Keyword(s):  
Freshwater Fish ◽  
Fish Species ◽  
Habitat Degradation ◽  
Solomon Islands ◽  
Substrate Type ◽  
Biodiversity Survey ◽  
Negative Impacts ◽  
Terrestrial Biodiversity ◽  
Fish Harvest ◽  
Watershed Health

During a terrestrial biodiversity survey of Choiseul Island, we conducted freshwater fish surveys in seven sites between July 2005 and August 2006. We found 32 fish species from 15 families (38% of known Solomon Island freshwater fish). Most species were uncommon with the exception of Kuhlia marginata (6/7 sites), K. rupestris (5/7 sites) and Glossogobius sp. 1 (5/7 sites). No introduced species were found in any of the sites. Species richness ranged from 2-14 species per site and was highest in Lumutu River and Kolombangara River. This difference between sites is partially attributed to substrate type (higher richness in sites with gravel substrates than mud) and distance from the coast (higher richness near the coast than inland). The results of this survey in conjunction with a previous survey bring the total number of freshwater fish species on Choiseul Island to 41. This diversity is threatened by habitat degradation through sedimentation and over harvesting of some species. We recommend a number of activities to ameliorate these threats including seasonal banning of fish harvest during breeding periods and mass juvenile migrations, discouraging the practice of streamside agriculture, and education of locals on the negative impacts of logging on watershed health and productivity.

Mangrove ecosystem services and the potential for carbon revenue programmes in Solomon Islands

2011 ◽  
Vol 38 (4) ◽  
pp. 485-496 ◽  
Author(s):  
KIMBERLEY WARREN-RHODES ◽  
ANNE-MAREE SCHWARZ ◽  
LINDA NG BOYLE ◽  
JOELLE ALBERT ◽  
STEPHEN SUTI AGALO ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ecosystem Services ◽  
Land Tenure ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Solomon Islands ◽  
Mangrove Ecosystem ◽  
Climate Mitigation ◽  
Religious Denomination ◽  
Mitigation And Adaptation ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
Potential Carbon

SUMMARYMangroves are an imperilled biome whose protection and restoration through payments for ecosystem services (PES) can contribute to improved livelihoods, climate mitigation and adaptation. Interviews with resource users in three Solomon Islands villages suggest a strong reliance upon mangrove goods for subsistence and cash, particularly for firewood, food and building materials. Village-derived economic data indicates a minimum annual subsistence value from mangroves of US$ 345–1501 per household. Fish and nursery habitat and storm protection were widely recognized and highly valued mangrove ecosystem services. All villagers agreed that mangroves were under threat, with firewood overharvesting considered the primary cause. Multivariate analyses revealed village affiliation and religious denomination as the most important factors determining the use and importance of mangrove goods. These factors, together with gender, affected users’ awareness of ecosystem services. The importance placed on mangrove services did not differ significantly by village, religious denomination, gender, age, income, education or occupation. Mangrove ecosystem surveys are useful as tools for raising community awareness and input prior to design of PES systems. Land tenure and marine property rights, and how this complexity may both complicate and facilitate potential carbon credit programmes in the Pacific, are discussed.

The tribe Aschistodesmini in the Solomon Islands (Diplopoda, Polydesmida: Paradoxosomatidae)

1999 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 459-479
Author(s):  
C.A.W. Jeekel
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Related Species ◽  
Solomon Island ◽  
Solomon Islands ◽  
Closely Related Species ◽  
Two New Species ◽  
The Status

AbstractThe Aschistodesmini from the Solomon Island are reviewed. Besides clarifying notes on the status of the type and closely related species of Aschistodesmus, descriptive notes and illustrations of the gonopods of the Solomon species of this genus, particularly of those published by Chamberlin, 1920, under the generic name of Solomonosoma, are given. Two new species, A. spatulifer and A. tridentifer are described, and a key to the species is provided. From Rennell Island Dorcadogonus modestus gen. n., sp. n. is described.

Transcending the colonial gaze: Empathy, agency and community in the South Pacific photography of John Watt Beattie1

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 151-170 ◽  
Author(s):  
Terry M. Brown
Keyword(s):  
Solomon Islands ◽  
South Pacific ◽  
British Colonialism ◽  
The South ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
Norfolk Island ◽  
The Church

For three months in 1906, John Watt Beattie, the noted Australian photographer – at the invitation of the Anglican Bishop of Melanesia, Cecil Wilson – travelling on the church vessel the Southern Cross, photographed people and sites associated with the Melanesian Mission on Norfolk Island and present-day Vanuatu and Solomon Islands. Beattie reproduced many of the 1500-plus photographs from that trip, which he sold in various formats from his photographic studio in Hobart, Tasmania. The photographs constitute a priceless collection of Pacific images that began to be used very quickly in a variety of publications, with or without attribution. I shall examine some of these photographs in the context of the ethos of the Melanesian Mission, British colonialism in the Solomon Islands, and Beattie’s previous photographic experience. I shall argue that Beattie first exhibited a colonial gaze of objectifying his dehumanized exotic subjects (e.g. as ‘savages’ and ‘cannibals’) but with increased familiarity with them, became empathetic and admiring. In this change of attitude, I argue that he effectively transcended his colonial gaze to produce photographs of great empathy, beauty and longevity. At the same time, he became more critical of the colonial enterprise in the Pacific, whether government, commercial or church.

scholarly journals Nonprofits and the Promotion of Civic Engagement: A Conceptual Framework for Understanding the "Civic Footprint" of Nonprofits within Local Communities

2014 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Micheal L. Shier ◽  
Lindsey McDougle ◽  
Femida Handy
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Civic Engagement ◽  
Nonprofit Organizations ◽  
Rural Community ◽  
Community Education ◽  
The United States ◽  
Local Communities ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Community Members ◽  
Education And Awareness

ABSTRACT   The literature suggests that nonprofit organizations provide civic benefits by promoting engagement within local communities. However, there exists minimal empirical evidence describing the ways in which nonprofits actually undertake this role. In order to address this omission, we conducted interviews with personnel of nonprofit organizations in one rural community in the United States. Our preliminary findings indicate that nonprofit organizations promote civic engagement through programs and activities that: 1) engage volunteers and donors; 2) bring community members together; 3) collaborate with organizations within and beyond the community; and 4) promote community education and awareness. Together, these findings help to develop a working model to understand the civic footprint of nonprofit organizations with methodological implications for future research that would seek to measure the extent to which nonprofits promote civic engagement. Il est normal de supposer que les associations à but non lucratif favorisent l’engagement du citoyen dans les communautés locales. Cependant, il existe peu de données empiriques sur la manière dont ces associations assument véritablement ce rôle. Pour combler ce manque, nous avons mené des entretiens semi-directifs approfondis auprès du personnel d’associations à but non lucratif dans une petite communauté rurale aux États-Unis. Nos résultats préliminaires indiquent que ces associations motivent les citoyens à s’impliquer quand elles offrent des programmes et des activités qui : 1) intéressent les bénévoles et les donateurs; 2) rassemblent directement ou indirectement les membres de la communauté; 3) collaborent avec d’autres associations tant au sein de la communauté qu’au-delà de celle-ci; et 4) encouragent l’éducation et la conscientisation communautaires. Ces constats aident à établir un modèle pour mieux comprendre la présence civique des associations à but non lucratif dans les communautés et indiquent une piste à suivre pour des recherches futures qui examineraient l’influence de ces associations sur le niveau de participation civique.

scholarly journals EDITORIAL: Millennium mayhem

2000 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-9
Author(s):  
David Robie
Keyword(s):  
Prime Minister ◽  
Solomon Islands ◽  
News Story ◽  
State Of Emergency ◽  
Irian Jaya ◽  
The Third ◽  
Fiji Islands ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
West Papua ◽  
Historic Change

The Pacific has entered the third millennium after a tempestuous time in the final year of the 20th Century. All the recent events have had an impact on the region's media.The fragile peace in Bougainville has continued to experience hiccups; the state of emergency in the Solomon Islands over ethnic unrest and even the historic change of government in the Fiji Islands with the country's first Indo-Fijian prime minister. have unleashed tensions. But the major upheaval, of course, has been East Timor's devastating transition to independence from Indonesia and in the resurgence of West Papua ( recently "renamed" Papua from Irian Jaya by Jakarta's colonial authorities) as a news story.

scholarly journals Annonaceae in the Western Pacific: geographic patterns and four new species

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ian M. Turner ◽  
Timothy M.A. Utteridge
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Solomon Islands ◽  
New Guinea ◽  
Western Pacific ◽  
New Combinations ◽  
Geographic Patterns ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
Two New Species ◽  
The Western Pacific ◽  
A New Species

The taxonomy and distribution of Pacific Annonaceae are reviewed in light of recent changes in generic delimitations. A new species of the genus Monoon from the Solomon Archipelago is described, Monoon salomonicum I.M.Turner & Utteridge sp. nov., together with an apparently related new species from New Guinea, Monoon pachypetalum I.M.Turner & Utteridge sp. nov. The confirmed presence of the genus in the Solomon Islands extends the generic range eastward beyond New Guinea. Two new species of Huberantha are described, Huberantha asymmetrica I.M.Turner & Utteridge sp. nov. and Huberantha whistleri I.M.Turner & Utteridge sp. nov., from the Solomon Islands and Samoa respectively. New combinations are proposed: Drepananthus novoguineensis (Baker f.) I.M.Turner & Utteridge comb. nov., Meiogyne punctulata (Baill.) I.M.Turner & Utteridge comb. nov. and Monoon merrillii (Kaneh.) I.M.Turner & Utteridge comb. nov. One neotype and four lectotypes are designated. The geographic patterns exhibited by nine native Annonaceae genera, that range in the Pacific beyond New Guinea, are discussed.

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