Genetic factors in the conservation of seagrasses

1999 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 269 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michelle Waycott
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Population Genetic ◽  
Genetic Factors ◽  
Molecular Genetic ◽  
Seagrass Species ◽  
Evolutionary Origins ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Considerable Insight ◽  
Made In

Increasingly our awareness of seagrass conservation issues requires an understanding of population dynamics and knowledge of the ability of different species to recover from disturbance. Seagrass populations may recover vegetatively or through the establishment of sexually derived seedlings. Some understanding of the processes of population formation and maintenance can be obtained through population genetic surveys. With the advent of molecular genetic markers even genetically depauperate populations can be studied. Patterns of genetic variation can vary over the range of seagrass populations and with the type of marker used. A case study is presented which demonstrates the importance of surveying a significant range of species to better understand the patterns of genetic diversity present. Seagrass phylogeny needs to be improved before reliable taxonomic interpretations can be made in many seagrass groups. Uncommon or rare seagrass species require special attention to ascertain their evolutionary origins and the nature of their extant distributions. Studies of genetic factors may enhance our understanding of how seagrass populations survive over both short and long time scales and can provide considerable insight to the seagrass conservation strategist.

Molecular genetic pathways in Parkinson's disease: a review

2005 ◽  
Vol 109 (4) ◽  
pp. 355-364 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shushant Jain ◽  
Nicholas W. Wood ◽  
Daniel G. Healy
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Genetic Basis ◽  
Genetic Factors ◽  
Molecular Genetic ◽  
Mendelian Genetics ◽  
Susceptibility Factors ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Major Progress ◽  
Made In

Major progress has been made in the last decade in understanding the genetic basis of PD (Parkinson's disease) with five genes unequivocally associated with disease. As a result, multiple pathways have been implicated in the pathogenesis of PD, including proteasome impairment and mitochondrial dysfunction. Although Mendelian genetics has been successful in establishing a genetic predisposition for familial PD, this has not been reiterated in the sporadic form. In fact no genetic factors have been unequivocally associated with increased risk for sporadic PD. The difficulty in identifying susceptibility factors in PD has not only been because of numerous underpowered studies, but we have been unable to dissect out the genetic component in a multifactorial disease. This review aims to summarize the genetic findings within PD.

scholarly journals Molecular genetic diversity in populations of the stingless bee Plebeia remota: A case study

2013 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 118-123 ◽  
Author(s):  
Flávio de Oliveira Francisco ◽  
Leandro Rodrigues Santiago ◽  
Maria Cristina Arias
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Molecular Genetic ◽  
Stingless Bee ◽  
Molecular Genetic Diversity

scholarly journals Czy w dzisiejszych czasach proste obserwacje mogą jeszcze znacząco zmieniać postrzeganie podstawowych zjawisk? Przypadek cieczy eutektycznych

2021 ◽  
pp. 47-54
Author(s):  
Danuta Raj
Keyword(s):  
Living Cells ◽  
Medical Sciences ◽  
Melting Points ◽  
Animal Tissues ◽  
Lipid Layer ◽  
Practical Observation ◽  
Pure Alcohol ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Made In

Can Simple Observations Today Still Significantly Change the Perception of Basic Phenomena? The Case of Eutectic Solvents The article presents a case study in which a simple, practical observation significantly changed the perception of basic phenomena regarding the mechanism of cell functioning, and thus was able to change the existing theory. This observation drew attention to the fact that the extract obtained from the dry plant substance with the use of pure alcohol, after distilling off the solvent, does not give a dry concentrated extract, and the viscous residue cannot be dried by distillation. This is a phenomenon that practically every phytochemist has encountered since the inception of this field of knowledge. It turned out that the explanation for the described phenomenon is the presence of eutectic solvents. Eutectic solvents are formed by mixing specific solid components, which liquefy without the addition of solvents, thanks to a significant lowering of the melting point of the mixture compared to the melting points of the starting materials. Although more than a hundred years have passed since the description of the above phenomenon, in the field of natural sciences, eutectic solvents have been treated as a curiosity for a long time, while in medical sciences – and more specifically in pharmacy – they were considered an inconvenience causing pharmaceutical incompatibilities. In fact, they are essential for the functioning of cells, enabling plants to develop frost resistance, being responsible for the ability to cryopreserve animal tissues, or allowing the dissolution of substances which are otherwise insoluble inside the cell in either the lipid layer or the aqueous part of the cell juice. The described discovery, made in 2011, allowed for a leap improvement in the understanding of the functioning of living cells.

Chinese Culture Teaching For English Majors—A Case Study of Sun Tzu Culture

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 209
Author(s):  
Qianqian Wei
Keyword(s):  
Chinese Culture ◽  
Sun Tzu ◽  
English Majors ◽  
Culture Teaching ◽  
Teachers And Students ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Chinese And English ◽  
English Culture ◽  
Made In

It is universally admitted that English majors should learn about English culture and the teaching of Chinese culture has been neglected for a long time. The consequence is serious—as Chinese and English majors, most students cannot fluently express their own culture in English. Taking an essential part of Chinese culture—Sun Tzu culture as an example, the paper makes a research on the problem and suggests that joined efforts should be made in five aspects: the syllabus, the examination, the teaching, teachers and students.

scholarly journals Genetic Diversity of Fusarium Wilt Disease of Banana

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gilberto Manzo-Sánchez ◽  
Marco Tulio Buenrostro-Nava ◽  
Carlos L. Leopardi ◽  
Mario Orozco-Santos ◽  
Mauricio Guzman-Quesada
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Southeast Asia ◽  
Fusarium Wilt ◽  
Population Genetic ◽  
Diverse Population ◽  
Evolutionary Origins ◽  
The World ◽  
High Degree ◽  
Parasitic Phase ◽  
Evolutionary Lineages

Bananas and plantains (Musa spp.) represent the fourth most important crop in the world. In 2017, an area of 5,637,508 hectares and a production of 153 million tons were reported. Fusarium wilt caused by the fungus Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense (Foc), is considered one of the most destructive diseases of bananas and plantains worldwide. The pathogen Foc causes a typical wilt syndrome on infected plants, it has a saprophytic and parasitic phase in its life cycle. Fusarium wilt is a “polycyclic” disease. This pathogen shows a relatively diverse population genetic structure for a fungus apparently of asexual reproduction and is composed of different evolutionary lineages, which has 24 groups of vegetative compatibility (VCGs), two clades and nine clonal linage. Foc is a genetically diverse pathogen, although the available evidence so far indicates that it does not use the mechanisms of sexual reproduction, such as recombination, to increase its genetic diversity. Furthermore, the population of this fungus in Southeast Asia shows a high degree of variation, suggesting that Foc lineages evolved together with their hosts in Southeast Asia. Alternatively, it has been suggested that Foc has multiple independent evolutionary origins, both within and outside of the Musaceae origin center.

Diagnosis and Management of Cardiomyopathies – A Focus on Genetics, Cardiac Magnetic Resonance and Clinical Features

2011 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 225
Author(s):  
Gianfranco Sinagra ◽  
Michele Moretti ◽  
Giancarlo Vitrella ◽  
Marco Merlo ◽  
Rossana Bussani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Practice ◽  
Cardiac Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Imaging Techniques ◽  
Molecular Genetic ◽  
Molecular Genetic Analysis ◽  
Routine Clinical Practice ◽  
Clinical Approach ◽  
Diagnosis And Management ◽  
Made In

In recent years, outstanding progress has been made in the diagnosis and treatment of cardiomyopathies. Genetics is emerging as a primary point in the diagnosis and management of these diseases. However, molecular genetic analyses are not yet included in routine clinical practice, mainly because of their elevated costs and execution time. A patient-based and patient-oriented clinical approach, coupled with new imaging techniques such as cardiac magnetic resonance, can be of great help in selecting patients for molecular genetic analysis and is crucial for a better characterisation of these diseases. This article will specifically address clinical, magnetic resonance and genetic aspects of the diagnosis and management of cardiomyopathies.

Genetic testing for autistic spectrum disorders

2020 ◽  
pp. 78-79
Author(s):  
Е.А. Померанцева ◽  
А.А. Исаев ◽  
А.П. Есакова ◽  
И.В. Поволоцкая ◽  
Е.В. Денисенкова ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Testing ◽  
American Academy ◽  
Autistic Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Genetic Factors ◽  
Molecular Genetic ◽  
Autistic Spectrum Disorders ◽  
Autistic Spectrum ◽  
American Academy Of Pediatrics ◽  
Spectrum Disorders ◽  
Testing Algorithm

Согласно рекомендациям Американской академии педиатрии при постановке диагноза аутизм, следует направить семью на консультацию генетика и генетическое обследование. Однако оптимальный подход к алгоритму генетического обследования при выявлении расстройства аутистического спектра еще предстоит разработать. В рамках исследования было проведено сравнение выявляемости генетических факторов аутизма различными молекулярно-генетическими тестами. According to American Academy of Pediatrics recent guidelines, each family with a child diagnosed with autistic spectrum disorder should be reffered to a medical geneticist and offered genetic tests. However, an optimal genetic testing algorithm has yet to be developed. This study was conducted to compare abilities of different molecular-genetic methods to detect genetic factors of autistic spectrum disorders.

Epigenetic factors and molecular markers of the risk of early pregnancy losses

GYNECOLOGY ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 9-16
Author(s):  
Nataly I Frolova ◽  
Tatiana E Belokrinitskaya
Keyword(s):  
Early Pregnancy ◽  
Genetic Factors ◽  
Molecular Genetic ◽  
Pregnancy Complication ◽  
Common Complication ◽  
Epigenetic Factors ◽  
Genetic Determination ◽  
Periconceptional Period ◽  
Combined Impact

Background. Miscarriage is a common complication in early pregnancy. Current studies have shown a higher prevalence of miscarriage, ranging from 10 to 20%. The review is devoted to modern concepts of etiology and pathogenesis of early pregnancy losses. Aim. Assess the role of epigenetic factors and molecular-genetic markers in the pathogenesis and prediction of early pregnancy losses Materials and methods. In order to write this review domestic and foreign publications were searched in Russian and international search systems (PubMed, eLibrary, etc.) for the last 10-15 years. Relevant articles from the peer-reviewed literature and clinical practice guidelines were included. Results. Many recent studies have proved the contribution of various epigenetic factors to the pathogenesis of spontaneous miscarriages, and the molecular-genetic determination such kinds of pregnancy complication has been confirmed. Conclusion. The miscarriage in early gestation is driven by combined impact of epigenetic and molecular-genetic factors, as well as the presence of intergenic interactions. It is may lead to deterioration of physiological functions, and maternal pathologenic pathways could be changed as during her periconceptional period as so during the pregnancy.

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