scholarly journals Massive Gravitons in General Relativity

1997 ◽  
Vol 50 (5) ◽  
pp. 879 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Argyris ◽  
Corneliu Ciubotariu
Keyword(s):  
General Relativity ◽  
Gravitational Waves ◽  
Lagrangian Density ◽  
Rest Mass ◽  
Mass Term ◽  
Space Time ◽  
Fundamental Constants ◽  
Conformally Flat ◽  
Light Velocity ◽  
Curved Space

In the framework of a generalisation of linear gravitation to the case when the gravitons have nonzero rest mass, we obtain a result analogous to that obtained by Regge and Wheeler, that is, the energy of the gravitational waves is trapped in the ‘material’ (interior) metric of the curved space–time. We show that the concept of a nonzero rest mass graviton may be defined in two ways: (i) phenomenologically, by introducing of a mass term in the linear Lagrangian density, as in Proca electrodynamics, and (ii) self-consistently, by solving Einstein’s equations in the conformally flat case. We find that the rest mass of the graviton may be given in terms of the three fundamental constants (gravitational, Planck, and light velocity constants) and it is a function of the density of cosmic matter.

scholarly journals The Wave-Front Equation of Gravitational Signals in Classical General Relativity

Symmetry ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 216
Author(s):  
Claudio Cremaschini ◽  
Massimo Tessarotto
Keyword(s):  
General Relativity ◽  
Gravitational Waves ◽  
Wave Front ◽  
Value Theory ◽  
Space Time ◽  
Classical General Relativity ◽  
Einstein Field Equations ◽  
Field Equations ◽  
Wave Fronts ◽  
Curved Space

In this paper the dynamical equation for propagating wave-fronts of gravitational signals in classical general relativity (GR) is determined. The work relies on the manifestly-covariant Hamilton and Hamilton–Jacobi theories underlying the Einstein field equations recently discovered (Cremaschini and Tessarotto, 2015–2019). The Hamilton–Jacobi equation obtained in this way yields a wave-front description of gravitational field dynamics. It is shown that on a suitable subset of configuration space the latter equation reduces to a Klein–Gordon type equation associated with a 4-scalar field which identifies the wave-front surface of a gravitational signal. Its physical role and mathematical interpretation are discussed. Radiation-field wave-front solutions are pointed out, proving that according to this description, gravitational wave-fronts propagate in a given background space-time as waves characterized by the invariant speed-of-light c. The outcome is independent of the actual shape of the same wave-fronts and includes the case of gravitational waves which are characterized by an eikonal representation and propagate in a generic curved space-time along a null geodetics. The same waves are shown: (a) to correspond to the geometric-optics limit of the same curved space-time solutions; (b) to propagate in a flat space-time as plane waves with constant amplitude; (c) to display also the corresponding form of the wave-front in curved space-time. The result is consistent with the theory of the linearized Einstein field equations and the existence of gravitational waves achieved in such an asymptotic regime. Consistency with the non-linear Trautman boundary-value theory is also displayed.

scholarly journals From Micro Gravitational Waves to the Quantum Indeterminism

2015 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 247
Author(s):  
Vo Van Thuan
Keyword(s):  
General Relativity ◽  
Quantum Mechanics ◽  
Gravitational Waves ◽  
Space Time ◽  
Quantum Mechanical ◽  
Curved Space ◽  
Time Symmetry ◽  
Extended Space

An attempt to search for the links b etween general relativity and quantum mechanics is prop osed which bases on an extended space-time symmetry. A simplified cylindrical mo del of gravitational geometrical dynamics leads to a micro geo desic description of strongly curved space-time which implies a duality b etween quantum mechanical equations and the emission law of a sp ecific mo de of micro gravitational waves.

Zum Übergang von der Wellenoptik zur geometrischen Optik in der allgemeinen Relativitätstheorie

1967 ◽  
Vol 22 (9) ◽  
pp. 1328-1332 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jürgen Ehlers
Keyword(s):  
General Relativity ◽  
Maxwell Equations ◽  
Expansion Method ◽  
Flat Space ◽  
Space Time ◽  
Moving Medium ◽  
Formal Similarity ◽  
Curved Space ◽  
Optical Metric ◽  
Series Expansion Method

The transition from the (covariantly generalized) MAXWELL equations to the geometrical optics limit is discussed in the context of general relativity, by adapting the classical series expansion method to the case of curved space time. An arbitrarily moving ideal medium is also taken into account, and a close formal similarity between wave propagation in a moving medium in flat space time and in an empty, gravitationally curved space-time is established by means of a normal hyperbolic optical metric.

The Direct Detection of Gravitational Waves

2018 ◽  
pp. 106-109
Author(s):  
Alvaro De Rújula
Keyword(s):  
Black Holes ◽  
General Relativity ◽  
Black Hole ◽  
Gravitational Waves ◽  
Direct Detection ◽  
Space Time ◽  
New Era ◽  
The Third ◽  
Perfect Storm

Gravitational waves emitted by black hole mergers. The first LIGO event: GW150917, the coalescence of two black holes of twenty nine and thirty six solar masses into one of “only” sixty two. The remaining three solar masses were emitted as energy in gravitational waves, a gigantic and perfect storm in the fabric of space-time. This is the dawn of a new era: The opening of the third “window” through which to look at the sky. Yet another triumph of general relativity. How much progress astrophysics has made since my time as a student.

A New Test of the Theory of General Relativity

1979 ◽  
Vol 3 (5) ◽  
pp. 364-364
Author(s):  
D. F. Crawford
Keyword(s):  
General Relativity ◽  
Space Time ◽  
Review Article ◽  
Curved Space ◽  
Gravitational Theories ◽  
Photon Frequency

It has been recently suggested (Crawford 1979) that there is an interaction between a photon and curved space-time that can be observed as a redshift of the photon frequency. Since the amount of the redshift is a function of the curvature it may be used to discriminate between gravitational theories. This is easily done using the parametrized post-Newtonian (PPN) limit fully described in the review article by Will (1972).

scholarly journals A fundamental special-relativistic theory valid for all real-valued speeds

1984 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 565-589
Author(s):  
Vedprakash Sewjathan
Keyword(s):  
General Relativity ◽  
Special Relativity ◽  
Relativistic Theory ◽  
Equivalence Principle ◽  
Rest Mass ◽  
Space Time ◽  
Twin Paradox ◽  
Relativistic Factor ◽  
Time Frames ◽  
Time Transformations

This paper constitutes a fundamental rederivation of special relativity based on thec-invariance postulate but independent of the assumptionds′2=±ds2(Einstein [1], Kittel et al [2], Recami [3]), the equivalence principle, homogeneity of space-time, isotropy of space, group properties and linearity of space-time transformations or the coincidence of the origins of inertial space-time frames. The mathematical formalism is simpler than Einstein's [4] and Recami's [3]. Whilst Einstein's subluminal and Recami's superluminal theories are rederived in this paper by further assuming the equivalence principle and “mathematical inverses” [4,3], this paper derives (independent of these assumptions) with physico-mathematical motivation an alternate singularity-free special-relativistic theory which replaces Einstein's factor[1/(1−V2/c2)]12and Recami's extended-relativistic factor[1/(V2/c2−1)]12by[(1−(V2/c2)n)/(1−V2/c2)]12, wherenequals the value of(m(V)/m0)2as|V|→c. In this theory both Newton's and Einstein's subluminal theories are experimentally valid on account of negligible terms. This theory implies that non-zero rest mass luxons will not be detected as ordinary non-zero rest mass bradyons because of spatial collapse, and non-zero rest mass tachyons are undetectable because they exist in another cosmos, resulting in a supercosmos of matter, with the possibility of infinitely many such supercosmoses, all moving forward in time. Furthermore this theory is not based on any assumption giving rise to the twin paradox controversy. The paper concludes with a discussion of the implications of this theory for general relativity.

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