Spatial Variability of Recent Otolith Growth and RNA Indices in Pelagic Juvenile Diaphus kapalae (Myctophidae): an Effect of Flow Disturbance near an Island?

1996 ◽  
Vol 47 (2) ◽  
pp. 273 ◽  
Author(s):  
IM Suthers
Keyword(s):  
Dry Weight ◽  
Otolith Growth ◽  
Flow Disturbance ◽  
Daily Growth ◽  
Growth Increments ◽  
Recent Growth ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Increment Formation ◽  
Marginal Increment ◽  
Pelagic Juvenile

In February 1993, the pelagic juvenile myctophid Diaphus kapalae was sampled with a neuston net in the southern Coral Sea in a region of flow disturbance north of Cato Reef, and to the east in the free stream (northerly flow at 30 cm s-1). There was no significant difference in the size (11-16 mm SL) or age (45-74 days after hatching) between the two regions. Recent growth indices derived from the width of the peripheral daily growth increments (~10 μm each) revealed enhanced otolith growth 38 km downstream and up to 4 days before capture. No significant difference was found for times longer than a week before capture, consistent with fluctuation of the wake indicated from current-meter data. Daily increment formation was confirmed by marginal increment analysis. Recent otolith growth was correlated with the RNA content adjusted by dry weight, which also revealed significantly higher condition in the wake region. Recent growth was correlated with microzooplankton biomass, recorded with an optical plankton counter.

Daily Growth Increments in Otoliths of Starry Flounder (Platichthys stellatus) and the Influence of Some Environmental Variables in Their Production

1982 ◽  
Vol 39 (7) ◽  
pp. 937-942 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steven E. Campana ◽  
John D. Neilson
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Environmental Variables ◽  
Daily Basis ◽  
Otolith Growth ◽  
Daily Growth ◽  
Environmental Regime ◽  
Starry Flounder ◽  
Daily Increments ◽  
Growth Increments ◽  
Platichthys Stellatus

Tetracycline injected into juvenile starry flounders (Platichthys stellatus) was incorporated into the periphery of the sagittal otoliths within 24 h. The resulting band, visible under ultraviolet light, was used as a dated mark on the otolith growth increments. This technique was used to verify that increments were laid down on a daily basis, both in field and laboratory environments. Subdaily increments were visible in otoliths of fishes reared under most environmental conditions. The production of daily increments in juvenile starry flounders preconditioned to a natural environmental regime was unaffected by photoperiod or temperature fluctuation, suggesting the presence of an internal circadian rhythm.Key words: starry flounder, Platichthys stellatus; otoliths, daily rings, growth increments, circadian, tetracycline

scholarly journals Age determination in merobenthic octopuses using stylet increment analysis: assessing future challenges using Macroctopus maorum as a model

2011 ◽  
Vol 68 (10) ◽  
pp. 2059-2063 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zoë A. Doubleday ◽  
Jimmy White ◽  
Gretta T. Pecl ◽  
Jayson M. Semmens
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Life History ◽  
Early Life ◽  
Age Determination ◽  
Early Life History ◽  
Daily Growth ◽  
Life History Stages ◽  
Growth Increments ◽  
Increment Formation ◽  
Future Challenges

Abstract Doubleday, Z. A., White, J., Pecl, G. T., and Semmens, J. M. 2011. Age determination in merobenthic octopuses using stylet increment analysis: assessing future challenges using Macroctopus maorum as a model. – ICES Journal of Marine Science, 68: 2059–2063. Stylet increment analysis (SIA) is a method recently developed to age octopuses; it involves the enumeration of daily growth increments within stylets (an internal shell). To examine the potential of SIA in a merobenthic octopus species, SIA was applied to Macroctopus maorum collected from southeast Australia and New Zealand (n = 147). The stylets had clear concentric growth increments and a core-like region. However, low increment counts (≤224 d) produced non-feasibly high (≤21.7% body weight per day) instantaneous growth rates, based on the assumption that increment number relates to age (d). In the light of these results, the issues surrounding the application of SIA to merobenthic octopuses is discussed, particularly in relation to the lack of understanding in regard to stylet development in the early life history stages and the importance of validating age at first increment formation.

Age and growth of the narrow-barred Spanish Mackerel (Scomberomorus commerson Lacepede, 1880) in North-eastern Queensland waters

1992 ◽  
Vol 43 (5) ◽  
pp. 1269 ◽  
Author(s):  
GR McPherson
Keyword(s):  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Age And Growth ◽  
Differential Growth ◽  
Daily Growth ◽  
Spanish Mackerel ◽  
Growth Increments ◽  
Scomberomorus Commerson ◽  
North Eastern ◽  
Marginal Increment ◽  
Age Estimates

Whole otoliths were used to age Scomberomorus commerson in tropical Australian waters. Age estimates were validated by marginal-increment analysis of the first three otolith annuli. Confirmation of age estimates was provided by otolith daily growth increments and tag returns of known age. Differential growth in length, weight and longevity was evident between the sexes. The oldest male was 10 years old (127 cm FL, 19.0 kg). The oldest female was 14 years old (155 cm FL, 35 kg). The von Bertalanffy growth parameters L∞ and K were 127.5 cm and 0.25 for males and 155.0 cm and 0.17 for females.

Otoliths of Chinook Salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha): Daily Growth Increments and Factors Influencing Their Production

1982 ◽  
Vol 39 (10) ◽  
pp. 1340-1347 ◽  
Author(s):  
John D. Neilson ◽  
Glen H. Geen
Keyword(s):  
Chinook Salmon ◽  
Oncorhynchus Tshawytscha ◽  
Fish Length ◽  
Feeding Frequency ◽  
Otolith Growth ◽  
Increment Width ◽  
Daily Growth ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Growth Increments ◽  
Otolith Increment

The effects of photoperiod, feeding frequency, and water temperature on formation of otolith daily growth increments in juvenile chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) were examined. Feeding frequency influenced both increment number and width, whereas photoperiod and temperature affected only increment width. Fish fed once/24 h produced one increment every 24 h on average, while fish fed 4 times/24 h produced more than one increment every 24 h. Wider increments were produced in fish exposed to warmer water (11 °C) or 24 h of darkness. The ratio of otolith size to fish size remained constant throughout and between the photoperiod, temperature, and feeding frequency experiments, regardless of the number or width of increments produced. Although otolith growth is isometric with respect to increase in fish length under these experimental regimes, otolith microstructure will differ in fish of the same size reared under different environmental conditions. An understanding of factors affecting otolith increment production is required before increment number and width can be used to assess growth rates.Key words: otolith, daily, growth increments, chinook salmon

scholarly journals Age verification of boarfish (Capros aper) in the Northeast Atlantic

2011 ◽  
Vol 69 (1) ◽  
pp. 34-40 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karin Hüssy ◽  
Julie O. Coad ◽  
Edward D. Farrell ◽  
Lotte A. W. Clausen ◽  
Maurice W. Clarke
Keyword(s):  
Stock Assessment ◽  
Age Determination ◽  
Fishing Industry ◽  
Daily Growth ◽  
Northeast Atlantic ◽  
The Past ◽  
Growth Increments ◽  
Recent Interest ◽  
Marginal Increment ◽  
Age Verification

Abstract Hüssy, K., Coad, J. O., Farrell, E. D., Clausen, L. A. W., and Clarke, M. W. 2012. Age verification of boarfish (Capros aper) in the Northeast Atlantic. – ICES Journal of Marine Science, 69: 34–40. The boarfish (Capros aper) is a pelagic species of recent interest to the fishing industry, with landings increasing by >500% over the past 3 years. The objective of the study was to provide a method for age determination based on whole sagittal otoliths, with the results to be used in stock assessment. Translucent zones laid down at regular intervals are identified by marginal increment analysis as seasonally recurring. Translucent zones are formed between September/October and March/April, regardless of fish age. The occurrence of the first annulus is validated by analysis of presumed daily growth increments. Subsequent annulus deposition is homogenous between individuals and allows general guidelines to be derived for interpreting the age of boarfish using their otoliths.

Otolith Microstructore of Larval Herring (Clupea harengus): Image or Reality?

1987 ◽  
Vol 44 (11) ◽  
pp. 1922-1929 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steven E. Campana ◽  
Jacques A. Gagné ◽  
Jean Munro
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Difference ◽  
Clupea Harengus ◽  
Sensitive Species ◽  
Daily Growth ◽  
Growth Increments ◽  
Pelagic Larvae ◽  
Rate Of Increase ◽  
Increment Formation ◽  
Slow Growing ◽  
Mortality Estimates

When assessed with light microscopy, daily increment formation did not appear to occur in the otoliths of known-age larval herring (Clupea harengus). Increment counts underestimated age in all larvae. The age-increment discrepancy increased curvilinearly with age and appeared to stabilize after 50–60 d. Both the magnitude and rate of increase of the discrepancy were consistent with a hypothesis of resolution-limited increment visibility; models of daily otolith growth indicated that discrete daily growth increments would not be resolvable with a light microscope for the first 15–20 d after hatch. The hypothesis was also consistent with the observed effects of otolith polishing, a systematic difference in increment counts between different-sized sagittae in the same larvae, and other published reports of apparent nondaily increment formation in slow-growing pelagic larvae. Previous reports of growth rate limited increment formation appear to provide an empirical description of the same phenomenon. Otolith-based age, growth and mortality estimates can be expected to be biased if resolution effects are ignored. However, various procedures are available for the identification of potentially sensitive species and samples.

Effect of planting date and density on calendula and peppermint herbs

2014 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-29
Author(s):  
Rahim Mohammadian ◽  
Behnam Tahmasebpour ◽  
Peyvand Samimifar
Keyword(s):  
Mutual Effect ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Planting Date ◽  
Mass Reduction ◽  
Flower Number ◽  
Planting Dates ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Total Maximum

A factorial experiment was conducted with a completely randomized design to evaluate the effects of planting date and density on calendula herbs and peppermint. It had 3 replicates and was done in Khosroshahr research farm, Tabriz in 2006. Under studied factors were: 3 planting dates (10 May, 25 May and 10 June) in 4 densities (25, 35, 45, 55) of the plant in square meters. The results of variance a nalysis showed that there was 1% probability significant difference between the effects of planting date and bush density on the leave number, bush height and the bush dry weight. But the mutual effect of the plant date in mentioned traits density was insignificant. Regarding the traits mean comparison, the total maximum dry weight was about the 55 bush density in mm. Also, the bush high density in mm causes the bush growth and its mass reduction. When there is the density grain, the flower number will increase due to bush grain in surface unit. Overall, we can conclude that 10 June planting and 45 bush density in mm is the most suitable items and results in favored production with high essence for these crops.

Evaluation of Nurse Crops for Weed Control and Plant Establishment in Prairie Restoration

HortScience ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 485b-485
Author(s):  
Lisa M. Barry ◽  
Michael N. Dana
Keyword(s):  
Plant Biomass ◽  
Spring Barley ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Site Quality ◽  
Prairie Restoration ◽  
Plant Establishment ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Nurse Crops ◽  
Partridge Pea ◽  
Prairie Plant

Nurse crops are often recommended in prairie restoration planting. This work investigated several alternative nurse crops to determine their utility in prairie planting. Nurse crops were composed of increasing densities (900, 1800, or 2700 seeds/m2) of partridge pea, spring oats, spring barley, Canada wild rye, or equal mixtures of partridge pea and one of the grasses. The experimental design was a randomized complete-block set in two sites with three blocks per site and 48 treatments per block. Each 3 × 3-m plot contained 1 m2 planted in Dec. 1995 or Mar. 1996 with an equal mix of seven prairie species. The nurse crops were sown over each nine square meter area in April 1996. Plots lacking nurse crops served as controls. Evaluated data consisted of weed pressure rankings and weed and prairie plant dry weight. Nurse crop treatments had a significant effect on weed pressure in both sites. Barley (1800 and 2700 seeds/m2) as well as partridge pea + barley (2700 seeds/m2) were most effective at reducing weed pressure. When weed and prairie plant biomass values were compared, a significant difference was observed for site quality and planting season. Prairie plant establishment was significantly greater in the poorly drained, less-fertile site and spring-sown plots in both sites had significantly higher prairie biomass values. Overall, after two seasons, there was no advantage in using nurse crops over the control. Among nurse crop treatments, oats were most effective in reducing weed competition and enhancing prairie plant growth.

Acetyl salicylic acid alleviates chilling-induced damage in muskmelon seedlings

2007 ◽  
Vol 87 (3) ◽  
pp. 581-585 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmet Korkmaz ◽  
Murat Uzunlu ◽  
Ali Riza Demirkiran
Keyword(s):  
Salicylic Acid ◽  
Cucumis Melo ◽  
Chilling Stress ◽  
Foliar Spray ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Acetyl Salicylic Acid ◽  
Signal Molecule ◽  
Stress Indicator ◽  
Shoot Dry Weight ◽  
Significant Difference

Salicylic acid (SA) is a common plant-produced signal molecule that is responsible for inducing tolerance to a number of biotic and abiotic stresses. An experiment was, therefore, conducted to test whether acetyl salicylic acid (ASA) application at various concentrations through seed immersion or foliar spray would protect muskmelon [Cucumis melo L. (Reticulatus Group)] seedlings subjected to chilling stress. Twenty-one-day-old plants pre-treated with ASA (0, 0.1, 0.25, 0.50 or 1.0 mM) were subjected to chilling stress for 72 h at 3 ± 0.5°C. ASA, applied either through seed immersion or foliar spray, was effective within the range of 0.1 to 1 mM in inducing tolerance to chilling stress in muskmelon seedlings; however, there was no significant difference between application methods. ASA significantly and curvilinearly affected all seedling growth and stress indicator variables tested except shoot dry weight. The best protection was obtained from seedlings pre-treated with 0.5 mM ASA. The highest ASA concentration used was slightly less effective in providing chilling stress protection. Even though both methods provided similar means of protection, due to its simplicity and practicality, immersion of muskmelon seeds prior to sowing in 0.5 mM ASA would be a more desirable method to induce tolerance to chilling stress. Key words: Cucumis melo, aspirin, chilling stress tolerance, gas exchange, electrolyte leakage

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document