A simple method to quantify sources of settling particles in lakes: Resuspension versus new sedimentation of material from planktonic production

1995 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
pp. 223 ◽  
Author(s):  
GA Weyhenmeyer ◽  
M Meili ◽  
DC Pierson
Keyword(s):  
Particulate Matter ◽  
Sediment Resuspension ◽  
Strong Relationship ◽  
Simple Method ◽  
Inorganic Matter ◽  
Suspended Particulate ◽  
Lake Surface Area ◽  
Annual Means ◽  
Organic Particles ◽  
Different Sources

A strong relationship (r > 0.99) between settling particulate inorganic matter (SPIM) and total settling particulate matter (SPM) was observed in 315 samples from sedimentation traps in two Swedish lakes, Lake Erken and Lake Limmaren. This relationship can be used to distinguish between different sources of SPM in pelagic systems when the inflow of allochthonous particulate matter is negligible. It is possible to quantify the proportion of material from planktonic production as well as from sediment resuspension in the flux of settling or suspended particulate matter. Furthermore, fluxes of resuspended organic particles can be quantified and distinguished from fluxes of planktonic organic particles. Although Lake Erken and Lake Limmaren are quite different with respect to trophic level, lake surface area and water depth, the estimated proportion of resuspended particles in sedimentation traps was similar in both lakes. Resuspended particulate matter ranged from 35% of the total settling particulate matter up to 99%, with annual means of 83-94%. Moreover, for both lakes it was estimated that, even in epilimnetic traps, only 2046% (annual means) of the total organic settling particulate matter was from planktonic production, whereas 54-80% (annual means) was from sediment resuspension. This is likely to have important consequences for fluxes of nutrients and contaminants.

scholarly journals The Paths of the Suspended Particulate Inorganic and Organic Matter in a Small Urban Estuary: The Aarhus Harbour Estuary

1986 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-46 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. B. Kronvang ◽  
C. Christiansen
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Particulate Matter ◽  
Organic Content ◽  
Temporal And Spatial Distribution ◽  
Urban Estuary ◽  
Inorganic Matter ◽  
Organic Sediment ◽  
Suspended Particulate ◽  
Good Agreement ◽  
Inorganic And Organic

The nverine supply of suspended inorganic and organic sediment, its temporal and spatial distribution and its exchange with the bay, were estimated for an urban estuary (Aarhus Harbour Estuary, Denmark) during 1983-84. The river supplies high levels of particulate matter to the estuary. Export from the estuary averages one fifth of the river introduced particulate matter resulting in the accumulation of terrigenous material in the estuary. River discharge determines whether the high depletion of particulate matter in the upper estuary follows an exponential(flocculation) or a lineary curve (dilution). Preferential deposition of organic as opposed to inorganic matter in the upper estuary depletes the particulate matter of organic matter and associated pollutants. The estuary is divided into three depositional zones identified on the basis of sediment activity, grain-size and organic content. A sediment budget is precented for the estuary. Good agreement is shown between the actually dredged sediment quantity and the mass to sedimentation from the budget.

Contribution of suspended particulate matter and zooplankton to MeHg contamination of the food chain in midnorthern Quebec (Canada) reservoirs

1997 ◽  
Vol 54 (4) ◽  
pp. 821-831 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y Plourde ◽  
M Lucotte ◽  
P Pichet
Keyword(s):  
Particulate Matter ◽  
Suspended Particulate Matter ◽  
Continuous Flow ◽  
Methyl Mercury ◽  
Organic Matter Content ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Flooded Soils ◽  
Natural Lakes ◽  
Suspended Particulate ◽  
Organic Particles

Suspended particulate matter (SPM) retained by continuous-flow centrifugation, suspended matter of 20-150 mu m diameter, and zooplankton exceeding 150 mu m were sampled in the LG-2 and LA-1 reservoirs and in four natural lakes in northern Quebec during June, August, and September 1992 and 1993. Inorganic Hg concentrations in the three compartments did not differ significantly between the reservoirs and natural lakes, but methyl mercury (MeHg) concentrations in SPM (mean of 0.05 ppm) and zooplankton (up to 0.84 ppm) from LG-2 were 7 and 5 times higher, respectively, than in the natural lakes. The MeHg bioamplification factors between SPM and zooplankton ranged from 4 to 9 in the reservoirs and natural lakes. MeHg concentrations in SPM reached a maximum during August and were positively correlated with organic matter content. High MeHg concentrations were observed in the SPM and zooplankton sampled in August in a small impoundment separated from LA-1 by the LA-40 dike, which had been flooded for about 1 year. These data suggest that methylation and transfer of MeHg from flooded soils to SPM and zooplankton are rapidly accomplished. The process involves the bioaccumulation of MeHg by phytoplankton and (or) the ingestion of suspended soil-derived organic particles by zooplankton.

scholarly journals Optical properties of size and chemical fractions of suspended particulate matter in littoral waters of Quebec

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gholamreza Mohammadpour ◽  
Jean-Pierre Gagné ◽  
Pierre Larouche ◽  
Martin Montes
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Particulate Matter ◽  
Suspended Particulate Matter ◽  
Cross Sections ◽  
Surface Waters ◽  
Water Turbidity ◽  
Lawrence Estuary ◽  
Inorganic Matter ◽  
Suspended Particulate ◽  
Scattering Cross Sections

Abstract. Mass-specific absorption (aSPM*) and scattering (bSPM*) coefficients of suspended particulate matter (SPM) were measured for different size (0.2–0.4 µm, 0.4–0.7 µm, 0.7–10 µm, and >10 µm) and chemical (organic- vs mineral-rich) fractions in surface waters (i.e., 0–5 m depth) of the Saint Lawrence Estuary and Saguenay Fjords (SLE-SF) during spring of 2013. For the spectral range 400–700 nm, scattering cross sections for particulate inorganic matter were commonly larger with respect to those measured in other littoral environments. This phenomenon was attributed the lower water turbidity and associated decrease on mean particle size of SLE-SF surface waters with respect to other river-influenced regions (e.g., Gironde River). Also, aSPM* values in our study area were relatively high in locations having iron-enriched particulates. Lastly, correlation analysis suggests that particle composition (size distribution) has a larger impact on aSPM* (bSPM*) variability.

scholarly journals Development of a Cost-Effective Optical Sensor for Continuous Monitoring of Turbidity and Suspended Particulate Matter in Marine Environment

Sensors ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (20) ◽  
pp. 4439 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Matos ◽  
C. L. Faria ◽  
M. S. Martins ◽  
Renato Henriques ◽  
P. A. Gomes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Particulate Matter ◽  
Suspended Particulate Matter ◽  
Optical Sensor ◽  
Dynamic Range ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
In Situ Monitoring ◽  
Suspended Particulate Matter Concentration ◽  
Inorganic Matter ◽  
Suspended Particulate

A cost-effective optical sensor for continuous in-situ monitoring of turbidity and suspended particulate matter concentration (SPM), with a production cost in raw materials less than 20 €, is presented for marine or fluvial applications. The sensor uses an infrared LED and three photodetectors with three different positions related to the light source—135º, 90º and 0º—resulting in three different types of light detection: backscattering, nephelometry and transmitted light, respectively. This design allows monitoring in any type of environment, offering a wide dynamic range and accuracy for low and high turbidity or SPM values. An ultraviolet emitter–receiver pair is also used to differentiate organic and inorganic matter through the differences in absorption at different wavelengths. The optical transducers are built in a watertight structure with a radial configuration where a printed circuit board with the electronic signal coupling is assembled. An in-lab calibration of the sensor was made to establish a relation between suspended particulate matter (SPM) or the turbidity (NTU) to the photodetectors’ electrical output value in Volts. Two different sizes of seashore sand were used (180 µm and 350 µm) to evaluate the particle size susceptibility. The sensor was tested in a fluvial environment to evaluate SPM change during sediment transport caused by rain, and a real test of 22 days continuous in-situ monitoring was realized to evaluate its performance in a tidal area. The monitoring results were analysed, showing the SPM change during tidal cycles as well as the influence of the external light and biofouling problems.

Leaded Aviation Fuel May Present Long-Term Effects on Campus Life from the Adjacent Albert Whitted Airport

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph Matthews ◽  
Madhu Pandey
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Particulate Matter ◽  
The United States ◽  
Aviation Fuel ◽  
University Campus ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Aviation Gasoline ◽  
Suspended Particulate ◽  
Descent Line

Propeller planes and small engine aircraft around the United States, legally utilize leaded aviation gasoline. The purpose of this experiment was to collect suspended particulate matter from a university campus, directly below an airport’s arriving flight path’s descent line, and to analyze lead content suspended in the air. Two collection sets of three separate samples were collected on six separate days, one set in July of 2018 and the second set in January 2019.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document