Abundance and distribution of the black-lip pearl oyster, Pinctada margaritifera (L.), in the Cook Islands, South Pacific

1992 ◽  
Vol 43 (6) ◽  
pp. 1409 ◽  
Author(s):  
NA Sims
Keyword(s):  
Distribution Patterns ◽  
Pearl Oyster ◽  
Shell Size ◽  
Pinctada Margaritifera ◽  
Cook Islands ◽  
The North ◽  
Pearl Oysters ◽  
Depth Gradients ◽  
Abundance And Distribution ◽  
Ongoing Monitoring

Stocks of Pinctada margaritifera were surveyed in three atoll lagoons in the Cook Islands to assess abundance, describe distribution patterns, and evaluate the method for ongoing monitoring. Belt transects were laid at randomly selected sites across the lagoons. Densities over depth gradients were extrapolated to give a stock estimate for Manihiki lagoon of 2.0 million�3.2 million pearl oysters. Stocks in Penrhyn lagoon (5.0 million � 4.1 million) and Suwarrow lagoon (around 400 000) were estimated from average densities. The wide confidence limits mean that other methods are needed to monitor changes in abundance over time. Penrhyn and Suwarrow lagoons have not recovered from earlier overfishing. No pearl oysters occurred below 36 m. Density and shell size increased with depth; this was most notable in Manihiki, where fishing was heaviest. Sizes and densities were influenced by bottom type in Manihiki. Density was greatest in the north of Penrhyn and decreased southwards; Manihiki had no density gradient across the lagoon.

Population dynamics and stock management of the black-lip pearl oyster, Pinctada margaritifera (L.), in the Cook Islands, South Pacific

1992 ◽  
Vol 43 (6) ◽  
pp. 1423 ◽  
Author(s):  
NA Sims
Keyword(s):  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Total Mortality ◽  
Pearl Oyster ◽  
Minimum Size ◽  
Stock Management ◽  
Shell Size ◽  
Pinctada Margaritifera ◽  
Cook Islands ◽  
Size Limits ◽  
One Year

Permanent transects were used to measure changes in abundance of Pinctada margaritifera in Manihiki lagoon, Cook Islands. Growth in situ, mortality and recruitment were also studied. A correction factor for searcher efficiency was also determined, allowing earlier estimates of standing stocks to be adjusted. Overall abundance in Manihiki decreased by 18% in one year. Most losses were attributable to fishing (F=0.19; M=0.11). Mortality (27%) and recruitment (9%) were presumably underestimated because of heavy fishing of juveniles. Total mortality, estimated by Wetherall plots, decreased from 0.48 to 0.35 over the year owing to a decline in fishing for larger oysters. The average shell diameter of recruits was 110 mm. This was also an approximation of Ic,. von Bertalanffy growth parameters of K=0.26 and L∞ = 183 mm were estimated from shell size increments. Yield-per-recruit calculations indicate that minimum size limits are not effective. Reserve areas, quotas, and other restrictions on effort should instead be used to protect broodstocks.

The Cultivation of the Mother-of-pearl Oyster in the Red Sea

1957 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 111 ◽  
Author(s):  
C Crossland
Keyword(s):  
Red Sea ◽  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Pearl Oyster ◽  
Commercial Production ◽  
Pinctada Margaritifera ◽  
Pearl Oysters ◽  
Original Manuscript ◽  
Marketable Size ◽  
Oyster Cultivation

This is an abbreviated form of the original manuscript prepared by the author following 16 years' work at Dongonab Bay in the Red Sea in an attempt to establish a pearl oyster cultivation industry. The environmental conditions at Dongonab, the species of pearl oysters in the Red Sea, and the detailed biology of Pinctada margaritifera (L.), the species used for the experiments, are discussed. Details are given of the methods developed for the collection of spat and the cultivation of the pearl-shell to marketable size. It was unfortunate that the improvements designed in 1921 were not used for commercial production, because the Sudan Government did not continue the scheme.

scholarly journals Bioinformatics-based prediction of conformational epitopes for Enterovirus A71 and Coxsackievirus A16

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Liping Wang ◽  
Miao Zhu ◽  
Yulu Fang ◽  
Hao Rong ◽  
Liuying Gao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Foot And Mouth Disease ◽  
Distribution Patterns ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Coxsackievirus A16 ◽  
Essential Information ◽  
Site Distribution ◽  
The North ◽  
Conformational Epitopes ◽  
Enterovirus A71 ◽  
Antigenic Evolution

AbstractEnterovirus A71 (EV-A71), Coxsackievirus A16 (CV-A16) and CV-A10 are the major causative agents of hand, foot and mouth disease (HFMD). The conformational epitopes play a vital role in monitoring the antigenic evolution, predicting dominant strains and preparing vaccines. In this study, we employed a Bioinformatics-based algorithm to predict the conformational epitopes of EV-A71 and CV-A16 and compared with that of CV-A10. Prediction results revealed that the distribution patterns of conformational epitopes of EV-A71 and CV-A16 were similar to that of CV-A10 and their epitopes likewise consisted of three sites: site 1 (on the “north rim” of the canyon around the fivefold vertex), site 2 (on the “puff”) and site 3 (one part was in the “knob” and the other was near the threefold vertex). The reported epitopes highly overlapped with our predicted epitopes indicating the predicted results were reliable. These data suggested that three-site distribution pattern may be the basic distribution role of epitopes on the enteroviruses capsids. Our prediction results of EV-A71 and CV-A16 can provide essential information for monitoring the antigenic evolution of enterovirus.

scholarly journals Cysteine-Free Proteins in the Immunobiology of Arthropod-Borne Diseases

2010 ◽  
Vol 2010 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Santiago Mejia ◽  
Erik N. Arthun ◽  
Richard G. Titus
Keyword(s):  
Plasmodium Falciparum ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Distribution Patterns ◽  
Structural Features ◽  
Structure And Function ◽  
Cysteine Residues ◽  
Distribution Analysis ◽  
And Function ◽  
Abundance And Distribution ◽  
Host Parasite

One approach to identify epitopes that could be used in the design of vaccines to control several arthropod-borne diseases simultaneously is to look for common structural features in the secretome of the pathogens that cause them. Using a novel bioinformatics technique, cysteine-abundance and distribution analysis, we found that many different proteins secreted by several arthropod-borne pathogens, includingPlasmodium falciparum, Borrelia burgdorferi, and eight species of Proteobacteria, are devoid of cysteine residues. The identification of three cysteine-abundance and distribution patterns in several families of proteins secreted by pathogenic and nonpathogenic Proteobacteria, and not found when the amino acid analyzed was tryptophan, provides evidence of forces restricting the content of cysteine residues in microbial proteins during evolution. We discuss these findings in the context of protein structure and function, antigenicity and immunogenicity, and host-parasite relationships.

scholarly journals Calcein staining of calcified structures in pearl oyster Pinctada margaritifera and the effect of food resource level on shell growth

Aquaculture ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 313 (1-4) ◽  
pp. 149-155 ◽  
Author(s):  
Clémentine Linard ◽  
Yannick Gueguen ◽  
Jacques Moriceau ◽  
Claude Soyez ◽  
Bélinda Hui ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Shell Growth ◽  
Food Resource ◽  
Pearl Oyster ◽  
Pinctada Margaritifera ◽  
Resource Level ◽  
Effect Of Food
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